Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0010
M. C. Segger
This chapter asks how the principle of integration can translate to the international level, and reviews and discusses trade and investment treaties in the context of this principle. It begins by proving that sustainable development is a ‘purpose’ of over thirty treaties, and that they explicitly commit to achieve this purpose in very diverse sectors and ways, using the FAO Seed Treaty as an example to prove this point. It considers the role of the ‘purposive approach’ in treaty interpretation, in light of the interpretive rules of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), and the limitations of this approach, noting alternative views that are equally relevant. The chapter then goes on to discuss how the integration principle might assist in interpreting provisions of trade and investment agreements, as a basis for later examination of progress in the World Trade Organization (WTO), and in bilateral and regional economic negotiations which make an explicit commitment to sustainable development.
{"title":"International Trade and Investment Agreements in Light of the Integration Principle","authors":"M. C. Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter asks how the principle of integration can translate to the international level, and reviews and discusses trade and investment treaties in the context of this principle. It begins by proving that sustainable development is a ‘purpose’ of over thirty treaties, and that they explicitly commit to achieve this purpose in very diverse sectors and ways, using the FAO Seed Treaty as an example to prove this point. It considers the role of the ‘purposive approach’ in treaty interpretation, in light of the interpretive rules of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), and the limitations of this approach, noting alternative views that are equally relevant. The chapter then goes on to discuss how the integration principle might assist in interpreting provisions of trade and investment agreements, as a basis for later examination of progress in the World Trade Organization (WTO), and in bilateral and regional economic negotiations which make an explicit commitment to sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"690 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133200299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0002
M. C. Segger
This chapter begins by discussing the potential negative effects of trade on sustainable development, and the changes in the rules of trade and investment regimes that could lead to these negative impacts. It also discusses the rise of impact assessment processes, which States, regions and international organizations have begun to commission, to model and analyse the potential environmental and social/human rights impacts of trade and investment liberalization. It introduces the new generation of regional and bilateral trade and investment treaties being negotiated, and the need to evaluate how States are addressing sustainability concerns that emerge from impact assessments of these treaties. It also provides a working definition of ‘sustainable development’ and uncovers the circumstances and provisions under which international economic law levers are more likely to foster sustainable development, as well as the most effective interpretive weight for them. Finally, it highlights the utility of insights on international economic law and sustainability.
{"title":"International Trade, Investment and Sustainability","authors":"M. C. Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter begins by discussing the potential negative effects of trade on sustainable development, and the changes in the rules of trade and investment regimes that could lead to these negative impacts. It also discusses the rise of impact assessment processes, which States, regions and international organizations have begun to commission, to model and analyse the potential environmental and social/human rights impacts of trade and investment liberalization. It introduces the new generation of regional and bilateral trade and investment treaties being negotiated, and the need to evaluate how States are addressing sustainability concerns that emerge from impact assessments of these treaties. It also provides a working definition of ‘sustainable development’ and uncovers the circumstances and provisions under which international economic law levers are more likely to foster sustainable development, as well as the most effective interpretive weight for them. Finally, it highlights the utility of insights on international economic law and sustainability.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132831066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0009
M. C. Segger
This chapter addresses and discusses the international policy and soft law rationales that exist for states to include sustainable development concerns in their trade and investment treaties. First, it discusses reasons why the negative impacts of trade liberalization should not just be left to roll downhill onto the fragile ecosystems and vulnerable populations of developing states, using indications from the 1972 Conference on Human Environment (UNCHE), the 1992 Rio Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), the UN Commission for Sustainable Development (CSD) deliberations, the 1997 General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS), the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the 2012 Conference on Sustainable Development (UN CSD) to support this argument, and it specifically analyses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as they frame the new consensus. It then goes on to discuss how these soft laws, while not legally binding, constitute a legitimate expectation that States will promote sustainable development in their trade and investment treaties. It finds that there is a convincing international policy rationale for States to undertake measures to prevent, or at least mitigate, the environment and social development impacts of trade and investment agreements, addressing the main tensions identified in this volume.
{"title":"Policy and ‘Soft Law’ Rationales for Addressing Social and Environmental Concerns in Trade and Investment Treaties","authors":"M. C. Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter addresses and discusses the international policy and soft law rationales that exist for states to include sustainable development concerns in their trade and investment treaties. First, it discusses reasons why the negative impacts of trade liberalization should not just be left to roll downhill onto the fragile ecosystems and vulnerable populations of developing states, using indications from the 1972 Conference on Human Environment (UNCHE), the 1992 Rio Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), the UN Commission for Sustainable Development (CSD) deliberations, the 1997 General Assembly Special Session (UNGASS), the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) and the 2012 Conference on Sustainable Development (UN CSD) to support this argument, and it specifically analyses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as they frame the new consensus. It then goes on to discuss how these soft laws, while not legally binding, constitute a legitimate expectation that States will promote sustainable development in their trade and investment treaties. It finds that there is a convincing international policy rationale for States to undertake measures to prevent, or at least mitigate, the environment and social development impacts of trade and investment agreements, addressing the main tensions identified in this volume.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132663363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0014
M. C. Segger
This chapter begins with discussions on the state of sustainable development in the World Trade Organization (WTO), noting that progress on integrating social and environmental considerations into WTO law and policy remains poor. It then discusses the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM), and how its role has evolved from being a WTO review mechanism focused on economic policies alone, to providing a platform for discussions on trade and sustainable development. These discussions have revealed that WTO member States belong to one of three main schools of thought; First, some WTO members remain adamant that sustainable development is purely a domestic policy issue, or argue that all social and environmental considerations, including the potential impacts of trade, should remain only in the domestic law and policy arena; Second, several WTO members such as Canada and the US recognize openly that sustainable development is an objective of the WTO Agreements, and note that as such, it is relevant to the interpretation of the treaties; Third, further WTO members such as the European Commission also recognize that trade will not automatically deliver on a sustainable development objective, and link their commitment to the objective with the need for better integration of environmental and social considerations into trade and development policy.
{"title":"Sustainable Development in the WTO Institutions and Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM)","authors":"M. C. Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter begins with discussions on the state of sustainable development in the World Trade Organization (WTO), noting that progress on integrating social and environmental considerations into WTO law and policy remains poor. It then discusses the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM), and how its role has evolved from being a WTO review mechanism focused on economic policies alone, to providing a platform for discussions on trade and sustainable development. These discussions have revealed that WTO member States belong to one of three main schools of thought; First, some WTO members remain adamant that sustainable development is purely a domestic policy issue, or argue that all social and environmental considerations, including the potential impacts of trade, should remain only in the domestic law and policy arena; Second, several WTO members such as Canada and the US recognize openly that sustainable development is an objective of the WTO Agreements, and note that as such, it is relevant to the interpretation of the treaties; Third, further WTO members such as the European Commission also recognize that trade will not automatically deliver on a sustainable development objective, and link their commitment to the objective with the need for better integration of environmental and social considerations into trade and development policy.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128911166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0007
M. C. Segger
This chapter considers whether States are legally bound to address the sustainability impacts of trade and investment liberalization—at least to prevent harm, and potentially also to actually integrate environmental and social development considerations in order to strengthen and enhance the contribution of increased trade and investment flows towards achieving countries’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To this end, it considers scholarly literature on the legal status of States’ commitments to sustainable development. It also discusses customary and interstitial norms, and whether international law requires States to integrate significant environmental and social considerations into economic development plans, including into the negotiations of new trade and investment agreements, noting the relevance of the maxim pacta sunct servanda. In particular, the chapter considers the relevance of the customary principle of integration to trade and investment policy, and how this principle might influence the interpretation of trade and investment agreements.
{"title":"International Legal Reasons for Countries to Address Environmental and Social Impacts of Trade and Investment Agreements","authors":"M. C. Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter considers whether States are legally bound to address the sustainability impacts of trade and investment liberalization—at least to prevent harm, and potentially also to actually integrate environmental and social development considerations in order to strengthen and enhance the contribution of increased trade and investment flows towards achieving countries’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To this end, it considers scholarly literature on the legal status of States’ commitments to sustainable development. It also discusses customary and interstitial norms, and whether international law requires States to integrate significant environmental and social considerations into economic development plans, including into the negotiations of new trade and investment agreements, noting the relevance of the maxim pacta sunct servanda. In particular, the chapter considers the relevance of the customary principle of integration to trade and investment policy, and how this principle might influence the interpretation of trade and investment agreements.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124343926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0016
M. C. Segger
This chapter canvasses the roles and nature of bilateral or regional economic treaties, and their potential implications for sustainable development. It then moves to analyse, firstly, whether and how, in bilateral and regional economic treaty texts, States provide exceptions in trade and investment treaties to prevent economic rules from constraining the regulatory flexibility of the Parties for social and environmental purposes in the field of sustainable development. Second, it discusses how States establish prescriptions and permissions for cooperation to resolve environmental and social problems that could be exacerbated by the bilateral or regional economic treaty, strengthening domestic laws and supporting efforts to mitigate potential environmental and social impacts. Third, it considers whether and how States agree permissions and prescriptions to liberalize trade and investment in specific economic sectors that they agree will contribute to sustainable development, encouraging technologies and industries prioritized in other international treaties on sustainable development.
{"title":"Bilateral and Regional Economic Rules and Regimes","authors":"M. C. Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0016","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter canvasses the roles and nature of bilateral or regional economic treaties, and their potential implications for sustainable development. It then moves to analyse, firstly, whether and how, in bilateral and regional economic treaty texts, States provide exceptions in trade and investment treaties to prevent economic rules from constraining the regulatory flexibility of the Parties for social and environmental purposes in the field of sustainable development. Second, it discusses how States establish prescriptions and permissions for cooperation to resolve environmental and social problems that could be exacerbated by the bilateral or regional economic treaty, strengthening domestic laws and supporting efforts to mitigate potential environmental and social impacts. Third, it considers whether and how States agree permissions and prescriptions to liberalize trade and investment in specific economic sectors that they agree will contribute to sustainable development, encouraging technologies and industries prioritized in other international treaties on sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133848252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0006
M. C. Segger
This chapter briefly discusses the three ‘key points of tension’ or normative effects identified between the demands of trade and investment agreements that focus mainly on economic growth, and regulations for the environmental and social development, including the efforts of States to comply with specific trade and investment obligations in other international treaties. These points of tension are described and illustrated with interesting examples. The first tension involves the concern that new trade liberalization obligations of non-discrimination and most-favoured nation (MFN) treatment and new investment liberalization obligations, in certain specific sectors, could prevent States from effectively enacting trade-related measures to prevent unsustainable development. A second tension involves concerns that through a new trade and investment agreement, there will be increased incentives for trade or investment-led economic growth, which can exacerbate environmental and social problems that already exist at the domestic level due to lack of enforcement of the law. The third tension involves concerns that application of trade or investment rules for liberalization will inadvertently support unsustainable growth in obsolete technologies and sectors.
{"title":"Normative Intersections of Trade, Investment and Sustainability Measures","authors":"M. C. Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter briefly discusses the three ‘key points of tension’ or normative effects identified between the demands of trade and investment agreements that focus mainly on economic growth, and regulations for the environmental and social development, including the efforts of States to comply with specific trade and investment obligations in other international treaties. These points of tension are described and illustrated with interesting examples. The first tension involves the concern that new trade liberalization obligations of non-discrimination and most-favoured nation (MFN) treatment and new investment liberalization obligations, in certain specific sectors, could prevent States from effectively enacting trade-related measures to prevent unsustainable development. A second tension involves concerns that through a new trade and investment agreement, there will be increased incentives for trade or investment-led economic growth, which can exacerbate environmental and social problems that already exist at the domestic level due to lack of enforcement of the law. The third tension involves concerns that application of trade or investment rules for liberalization will inadvertently support unsustainable growth in obsolete technologies and sectors.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121676440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0003
M. C. Segger
This chapter sets out the focus and four principal objectives of the volume. It canvasses how the volume explores the nature of the legal provisions that States are starting to use in trade and investment agreements to reconcile and integrate environmental, social and economic development norms, and makes recommendations for how such measures might be taken into account in the WTO and future regional trade and investment agreements. The chapter sets out the methods and classification system (typology) adopted for the book, as well as the research undertaken, including an analysis of over sixty bilateral and regional economic agreements featuring references to sustainable development, and over 110 environmental assessments, environmental reviews, human rights reviews or sustainability impact assessments. It also introduces selected case studies of experiences under existing treaties, which will offer insights into how sustainable development concerns can be addressed in bilateral and regional economic agreements.
{"title":"Advancing Trade and Investment Rules for the World’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)","authors":"M. C. Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter sets out the focus and four principal objectives of the volume. It canvasses how the volume explores the nature of the legal provisions that States are starting to use in trade and investment agreements to reconcile and integrate environmental, social and economic development norms, and makes recommendations for how such measures might be taken into account in the WTO and future regional trade and investment agreements. The chapter sets out the methods and classification system (typology) adopted for the book, as well as the research undertaken, including an analysis of over sixty bilateral and regional economic agreements featuring references to sustainable development, and over 110 environmental assessments, environmental reviews, human rights reviews or sustainability impact assessments. It also introduces selected case studies of experiences under existing treaties, which will offer insights into how sustainable development concerns can be addressed in bilateral and regional economic agreements.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125296311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0021
Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger
Chapter 21 focuses on how trade and investment agreements may contribute to international efforts to achieve SDGs 12 to 17, which address responsible consumption and production patterns (SDG 12), combatting climate change (SDG 13), conservation and sustainable use of marine resources (SDG 14), and sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems (SDG 15). SDG 16, which calls for peace, justice and strong institutions for sustainable development, is also canvassed in its links to securing stability, effective governance and human rights. Finally, SDG 17, which calls on all countries to build partnerships towards achieving sustainable development, is discussed as the foundation of all the SDGs in the concluding note to this chapter, particularly given its explicit provisions on economic cooperation, trade, investment and finance.
{"title":"Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development Goals 12–17","authors":"Marie-Claire Cordonier Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 21 focuses on how trade and investment agreements may contribute to international efforts to achieve SDGs 12 to 17, which address responsible consumption and production patterns (SDG 12), combatting climate change (SDG 13), conservation and sustainable use of marine resources (SDG 14), and sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems (SDG 15). SDG 16, which calls for peace, justice and strong institutions for sustainable development, is also canvassed in its links to securing stability, effective governance and human rights. Finally, SDG 17, which calls on all countries to build partnerships towards achieving sustainable development, is discussed as the foundation of all the SDGs in the concluding note to this chapter, particularly given its explicit provisions on economic cooperation, trade, investment and finance.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"199 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122551972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0019
M. C. Segger
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set aspirational objectives for governments, international organizations and other stakeholders seeking to support sustainable development to achieve by 2030 or before, as well as indicators to facilitate measurement of attainment levels. Chapter 19 is the first of three chapters exploring provisions from over 110 innovative bilateral and regional economic treaties that could facilitate achievement of certain SDGs and their associated targets, to enable countries to maximize opportunities for their economic accords to assist in effectively contributing towards achievement of the SDG targets, particularly in a time of post-pandemic economic recovery. This chapter addresses trade and investment agreements provisions relevant to a first set of SDGs which target ‘basic needs’ challenges: eradicating poverty (SDG 1); ending hunger (SDG 2); promoting health and wellbeing (SDG 3); ensuring quality education (SDG 4) and achieving gender equality (SDG 5). The chapter canvasses the requirements of each goal and provides examples of treaty provisions that address each SDG.
{"title":"Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development Goals 1–5","authors":"M. C. Segger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831341.003.0019","url":null,"abstract":"The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set aspirational objectives for governments, international organizations and other stakeholders seeking to support sustainable development to achieve by 2030 or before, as well as indicators to facilitate measurement of attainment levels. Chapter 19 is the first of three chapters exploring provisions from over 110 innovative bilateral and regional economic treaties that could facilitate achievement of certain SDGs and their associated targets, to enable countries to maximize opportunities for their economic accords to assist in effectively contributing towards achievement of the SDG targets, particularly in a time of post-pandemic economic recovery. This chapter addresses trade and investment agreements provisions relevant to a first set of SDGs which target ‘basic needs’ challenges: eradicating poverty (SDG 1); ending hunger (SDG 2); promoting health and wellbeing (SDG 3); ensuring quality education (SDG 4) and achieving gender equality (SDG 5). The chapter canvasses the requirements of each goal and provides examples of treaty provisions that address each SDG.","PeriodicalId":231279,"journal":{"name":"Crafting Trade and Investment Accords for Sustainable Development","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129948618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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