Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-63-81
I. Matasar, R. H. Protsiuk, I.O. Halan
Abstract. Food is a source of flexible, energetic and catalytical ingredients that stipulate the human organism’s life and development. Proteins on a par with other nutrients, form tissues, are a part of enzymes, hormones, participate in the processes of growth, development and restoration of organs and systems. The Aim. To scientifically substantiate the correction measures of the clinical course and alimentary prevention of complications caused by tuberculous infection. To list up the main sources of nutrients, to show their importance for the tuberculous infection course correction and the effect of essential substances on the prevention of complications caused by the disease. Materials and Methods. The complex of theoretical, empirical methods and full-scale observations was used for the investigation. Theoretical research methods were: bibliographic analysis, synthesis and abstraction, as well as generalization of available in scientific literature data and their classification and systematization. The methods of empirical research were traditional modern approaches: full-scale observations, interviews, polling, questionnaires, and expert evaluation. Methods of biological research: epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, physical-chemical, biochemical and medical-statistical. Results and Conclusions. The quality of the dietary structure was determined by the complex of amino acids, fatty acids, especially omega-3 PUFAs, vitamins, minerals, and the sufficiency of complex carbohydrates that stimulate intestinal peristalsis, which was important in a sedentary lifestyle. The actual food quality effect on the body’s supply of alimentary iron was described. The impact of the latter on the disease course was distinguished. It was shown that the excess of energy caused by the excessive simple sugars consuming, contributed to the exacerbation of the disease course and allergies. It was emphasized that the energy value of the diet should depend on the peculiarities of the disease course, the presence of associated complication, the patient’s body weight, as well as the type of work with preserved performance efficacy. Key Words: nutrient correction, essential substances, ideal protein, amino acids, recommended daily intake, food products, energy value of the diet, principles of the diet therapy, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, leukogram.
{"title":"Nutrient correction of the clinical course and alimentary prevention of the tuberculous infection effects","authors":"I. Matasar, R. H. Protsiuk, I.O. Halan","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-63-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-63-81","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Food is a source of flexible, energetic and catalytical ingredients that stipulate the human organism’s life and development. Proteins on a par with other nutrients, form tissues, are a part of enzymes, hormones, participate in the processes of growth, development and restoration of organs and systems.\u0000\u0000The Aim. To scientifically substantiate the correction measures of the clinical course and alimentary prevention of complications caused by tuberculous infection. To list up the main sources of nutrients, to show their importance for the tuberculous infection course correction and the effect of essential substances on the prevention of complications caused by the disease.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. The complex of theoretical, empirical methods and full-scale observations was used for the investigation. Theoretical research methods were: bibliographic analysis, synthesis and abstraction, as well as generalization of available in scientific literature data and their classification and systematization. The methods of empirical research were traditional modern approaches: full-scale observations, interviews, polling, questionnaires, and expert evaluation. Methods of biological research: epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, physical-chemical, biochemical and medical-statistical.\u0000\u0000Results and Conclusions. The quality of the dietary structure was determined by the complex of amino acids, fatty acids, especially omega-3 PUFAs, vitamins, minerals, and the sufficiency of complex carbohydrates that stimulate intestinal peristalsis, which was important in a sedentary lifestyle. The actual food quality effect on the body’s supply of alimentary iron was described. The impact of the latter on the disease course was distinguished. It was shown that the excess of energy caused by the excessive simple sugars consuming, contributed to the exacerbation of the disease course and allergies. It was emphasized that the energy value of the diet should depend on the peculiarities of the disease course, the presence of associated complication, the patient’s body weight, as well as the type of work with preserved performance efficacy.\u0000\u0000Key Words: nutrient correction, essential substances, ideal protein, amino acids, recommended daily intake, food products, energy value of the diet, principles of the diet therapy, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, leukogram.","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"283 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129992944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-26-40
O. Lutsenko, N. Horban, T.Yu. Safir, M. Zinovieva, N. Kurdil
Abstract. Recently, the problem of low-alcohol consumption among adolescents and young people has become especially relevant, which was confirmed by the results of global WHO research and the ESPAD project in Ukraine (2019). Aim. Study the age and gender characteristics of low-alcohol beverages among children and adolescents, identify risks and identify ways to minimize the negative impact of low-alcohol beverages on public health. Materials and Methods. The data of the WHO and the ESPAD project, separate national researches on alcohol use by teenagers are studied; analyzed the results of the long-term epidemiological study "Family and Children of Ukraine", which is part of the WHO long-term European long-term study program on parenting and childhood "ELSPAC" (European Longitudinal Study of Parenthood and Childhood). Results. According to the latest ESPAD study in Ukraine (2019), 85.7 % of all adolescents surveyed (more than 2,000 people) have consumed alcohol at least once in their lifetime, and the share of those who have consumed alcohol in their lifetime is ten and more times amounted to 46.3 %. According to the Family and Children of Ukraine study (989 people), the youngest age when alcohol was first consumed by adolescents of both sexes was 9 years of age and younger, with adolescent girls being more active than boys in their age. The analysis of the questionnaires ("Adolescent Questionnaires 15-18 years") revealed that among the surveyed adolescents, 67.4 % (725) people drank alcohol at least once in their lives, and there were more girls (69.5 % – 370 people) than boys (65.4 % – 355 people). The highest rates among adolescent boys were recorded in the 14-year-old group: 19.0 % drank beer for the first time, 14.5 % drank wine or champagne, 9.4% drank alcohol, and 7.4% drank strong alcohol. The highest rates of adolescent girls were found in the 15-year age group: beer was consumed for the first time by 16.9%, wine or champagne – 22.4%, alcoholic cocktail – 16.9 %, spirits – 8.6 %. Analysis of the degree of involvement of adolescents in beer consumption showed that at the age of 9 years and younger 3.9% (21) boys and 5.3 % (28) girls tried beer for the first time; at the age of 14 – 19.0 % (103) boys and 14.5 % (77) girls; at the age of 15 – 16.0 % (87) boys and 16.9 % (90) girls. Thus, the first time the interviewed teenagers tried beer was at the age of 14-15. Conclusions. Consumption of low-alcohol beverages among children and adolescents in Ukraine is an acute social problem, the solution of which requires a systematic approach, which should include the formation and promotion of alcohol-free norms among young people, as well as marketing tools focus on priority consumption of soft drinks. Key Words: low alcohol drinks, adolescents, food safety.
{"title":"Research of peculiarities of consumption of low-alcohol beverages by children and adolescents in Ukraine and identification of risks to public health","authors":"O. Lutsenko, N. Horban, T.Yu. Safir, M. Zinovieva, N. Kurdil","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-26-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-26-40","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Recently, the problem of low-alcohol consumption among adolescents and young people has become especially relevant, which was confirmed by the results of global WHO research and the ESPAD project in Ukraine (2019).\u0000\u0000Aim. Study the age and gender characteristics of low-alcohol beverages among children and adolescents, identify risks and identify ways to minimize the negative impact of low-alcohol beverages on public health.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. The data of the WHO and the ESPAD project, separate national researches on alcohol use by teenagers are studied; analyzed the results of the long-term epidemiological study \"Family and Children of Ukraine\", which is part of the WHO long-term European long-term study program on parenting and childhood \"ELSPAC\" (European Longitudinal Study of Parenthood and Childhood).\u0000\u0000Results. According to the latest ESPAD study in Ukraine (2019), 85.7 % of all adolescents surveyed (more than 2,000 people) have consumed alcohol at least once in their lifetime, and the share of those who have consumed alcohol in their lifetime is ten and more times amounted to 46.3 %. According to the Family and Children of Ukraine study (989 people), the youngest age when alcohol was first consumed by adolescents of both sexes was 9 years of age and younger, with adolescent girls being more active than boys in their age. The analysis of the questionnaires (\"Adolescent Questionnaires 15-18 years\") revealed that among the surveyed adolescents, 67.4 % (725) people drank alcohol at least once in their lives, and there were more girls (69.5 % – 370 people) than boys (65.4 % – 355 people). The highest rates among adolescent boys were recorded in the 14-year-old group: 19.0 % drank beer for the first time, 14.5 % drank wine or champagne, 9.4% drank alcohol, and 7.4% drank strong alcohol. The highest rates of adolescent girls were found in the 15-year age group: beer was consumed for the first time by 16.9%, wine or champagne – 22.4%, alcoholic cocktail – 16.9 %, spirits – 8.6 %. Analysis of the degree of involvement of adolescents in beer consumption showed that at the age of 9 years and younger 3.9% (21) boys and 5.3 % (28) girls tried beer for the first time; at the age of 14 – 19.0 % (103) boys and 14.5 % (77) girls; at the age of 15 – 16.0 % (87) boys and 16.9 % (90) girls. Thus, the first time the interviewed teenagers tried beer was at the age of 14-15.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. Consumption of low-alcohol beverages among children and adolescents in Ukraine is an acute social problem, the solution of which requires a systematic approach, which should include the formation and promotion of alcohol-free norms among young people, as well as marketing tools focus on priority consumption of soft drinks.\u0000\u0000Key Words: low alcohol drinks, adolescents, food safety.","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122717475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-82-97
S. Snoz, L.М. Smerdova, A. H. Kudriavtseva, A. A. Kalashnikov, O. Bobyliova
Abstract. In recent decades, the world has faced a new environmental problem ‒ waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Timely prevention of the formation of WEEE, minimization of their volume, reuse, recycling and recovery of resources ‒ all these issues require urgent appropriate solutions. Aim. Determining the degree of hazard of waste galvanic elements (batteries) and assigning this waste to the category of hazardous or safe according to national norms and rules. Materials and Methods. Waste galvanic cells (batteries) were the object of research. The samples were dissolved in concentrated nitric acid. The solutions were diluted with distilled water, filtered, and then the content of heavy metals was determined according to DSTU ISO 11885:2005 "Water quality. 33 elements were determined by the method of atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma" (ISO 11885:1996, IDT) and GOST 30178-96 "Raw materials and food products. Atomic absorption method for determination of toxic elements". Determination of elements was carried out on an optical emission spectrometer with an inductively coupled plasma "SHIMADZU ICPE-9820". Research results. It was established that the content of lead, cadmium, mercury in waste galvanic elements (batteries) does not exceed the established hygienic standards for the soil ("Hygienic regulations of the permissible content of chemical substances in the soil", Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 1595 dated 14.07.2020). Mercury: in 25 samples it was detected at a level that is lower than the sensitivity of the method, in two samples it is 2.25 times and 4.2 times less than the Limit Permissible Concentrations (LPC); in four ‒ 27-48.8 times less, in three ‒ 58-91 times less. The LPC of mercury in soil is 2.1 mg/kg. Cadmium: in 1 sample it was detected at a level that is lower than the sensitivity of the method, in 26 samples it is 2-7.5 times less than the LPC; in the 7th ‒ 9-30 times less. The LPC of cadmium in soil is 1.5 mg/kg. Lead: in 13 samples it was detected at a level that is lower than the sensitivity of the method, in 2 samples it was 3 times less than the LPC, in 6 samples it was 12-19.4 times less than the LPC, in 13 samples ‒ in 24-31 times less than LPC. Maximum permissible limit for lead in soil is 32 mg/kg. It was established that the examined waste samples of galvanic elements (batteries) can be classified as safe and processed and disposed of at the appropriate enterprise. Conclusions. The negative effect of WEEE components on the environment and, as a result, on human health is associated with the inevitable risk of their entering environmental objects due to improper handling of waste galvanic elements (batteries). In order to prevent and minimize the risk to the environment and the population, it is necessary to introduce selective sorting of WEEE components at the places of their generation or collection and sending them for processing, as well as to develop sanit
摘要近几十年来，世界面临着一个新的环境问题——废弃电子电气设备(WEEE)。及时防止报废电子电气设备的形成，尽量减少其数量，再利用、再循环和回收资源-所有这些问题都迫切需要适当的解决方案。根据国家规范和规定，确定废旧电元素(电池)的危害程度，并将其划入危险或安全类别。材料与方法。废旧原电池(电池)是研究的对象。样品溶解在浓硝酸中。溶液用蒸馏水稀释，过滤，然后根据DSTU ISO 11885:2005“水质”测定重金属含量。采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ISO 11885:1996, IDT)和GOST 30178-96《原料和食品》测定了33种元素。原子吸收法测定有毒元素。元素的测定采用电感耦合等离子体“SHIMADZU ICPE-9820”光学发射光谱仪。研究的结果。经确定，废电元素(电池)中铅、镉、汞的含量不超过既定的土壤卫生标准("土壤中化学物质允许含量卫生条例"，乌克兰卫生部2020年7月14日第1595号命令)。汞:在25个样品中，汞的检测水平低于该方法的灵敏度，在两个样品中，汞的检测水平分别低于极限允许浓度(LPC)的2.25倍和4.2倍;四年内减少27-48.8倍，三年内减少58-91倍。土壤中汞的LPC为2.1 mg/kg。镉:1个样品中镉的检测水平低于该方法的灵敏度，26个样品中镉的检测水平低于LPC的2-7.5倍;在第七- 9-30倍少。土壤中镉的LPC为1.5 mg/kg。铅:在13个样品中，其检测水平低于该方法的灵敏度，在2个样品中，它比LPC低3倍，在6个样品中，它比LPC低12-19.4倍，在13个样品中，它比LPC低24-31倍。土壤中铅的最大允许限量为32毫克/公斤。结果表明，经检验的原电池(电池)废样可归为安全类，并可在适当的企业进行处理和处置。报废电子电气设备组件对环境的负面影响，从而对人类健康的负面影响，与它们因处理不当而进入环境物体的不可避免的风险有关。为了防止和尽量减少对环境和人口的风险，有必要在产生或收集报废电子电气设备的地方对其进行选择性分类，并将其送去处理，同时制定分类过程的卫生和流行病学要求，并对利用这类废物的项目和设施进行检查，以确保符合这些要求。关键词:废旧电器电子设备，废旧电池及蓄电池，危害评估
{"title":"Determination of the degree of danger of waste galvanic elements (batteries)","authors":"S. Snoz, L.М. Smerdova, A. H. Kudriavtseva, A. A. Kalashnikov, O. Bobyliova","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-82-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-82-97","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. In recent decades, the world has faced a new environmental problem ‒ waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Timely prevention of the formation of WEEE, minimization of their volume, reuse, recycling and recovery of resources ‒ all these issues require urgent appropriate solutions.\u0000\u0000Aim. Determining the degree of hazard of waste galvanic elements (batteries) and assigning this waste to the category of hazardous or safe according to national norms and rules.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. Waste galvanic cells (batteries) were the object of research. The samples were dissolved in concentrated nitric acid. The solutions were diluted with distilled water, filtered, and then the content of heavy metals was determined according to DSTU ISO 11885:2005 \"Water quality. 33 elements were determined by the method of atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma\" (ISO 11885:1996, IDT) and GOST 30178-96 \"Raw materials and food products. Atomic absorption method for determination of toxic elements\". Determination of elements was carried out on an optical emission spectrometer with an inductively coupled plasma \"SHIMADZU ICPE-9820\".\u0000\u0000Research results. It was established that the content of lead, cadmium, mercury in waste galvanic elements (batteries) does not exceed the established hygienic standards for the soil (\"Hygienic regulations of the permissible content of chemical substances in the soil\", Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 1595 dated 14.07.2020). Mercury: in 25 samples it was detected at a level that is lower than the sensitivity of the method, in two samples it is 2.25 times and 4.2 times less than the Limit Permissible Concentrations (LPC); in four ‒ 27-48.8 times less, in three ‒ 58-91 times less. The LPC of mercury in soil is 2.1 mg/kg. Cadmium: in 1 sample it was detected at a level that is lower than the sensitivity of the method, in 26 samples it is 2-7.5 times less than the LPC; in the 7th ‒ 9-30 times less. The LPC of cadmium in soil is 1.5 mg/kg. Lead: in 13 samples it was detected at a level that is lower than the sensitivity of the method, in 2 samples it was 3 times less than the LPC, in 6 samples it was 12-19.4 times less than the LPC, in 13 samples ‒ in 24-31 times less than LPC. Maximum permissible limit for lead in soil is 32 mg/kg. It was established that the examined waste samples of galvanic elements (batteries) can be classified as safe and processed and disposed of at the appropriate enterprise.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The negative effect of WEEE components on the environment and, as a result, on human health is associated with the inevitable risk of their entering environmental objects due to improper handling of waste galvanic elements (batteries). In order to prevent and minimize the risk to the environment and the population, it is necessary to introduce selective sorting of WEEE components at the places of their generation or collection and sending them for processing, as well as to develop sanit","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132121801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-98-109
N. Kurdil, V. Andriuschenko
Abstract. The structure of xenobiotics that cause poisoning and the need for hospitalization is constantly changing. Today, psychotropic and narcotic substances and their precursors have become the main cause of severe poisonings that require emergency medical care. At the same time, another problem is the combined use of narcotic substances and alcohol, which often causes multiorgan dysfunction and prompts doctors to search for new treatment approaches, using traditional methods of afferent and efferent therapy in combination with modern extracorporeal detoxification technologies. Aim. Study of the peculiarities of the use of extracorporeal detoxification methods in the treatment of patients with acute chemical poisoning, which are associated with the change in the structure of poisons for 1990-2020. Materials and Methods. A cohort retrospective analysis of 1,685 charts of hospitalized patients with acute poisoning (Form No. 003/0) and 5,025 protocols of artificial detoxification procedures was conducted. Data from the reports of the Toxicological department and the Intensive care and extracorporeal detoxification unit of the Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Medical Center (hereinafter referred to as the Toxicological Center) for the period 1990-2020, with information on the structure of medical technologies (membrane, centrifugal, sorption and other) and the number of artificial detoxification methods used during the study period. Results. On average, the Kyiv Toxicological Center provides medical care to about 2,500 adult patients with chemical poisonings per year, of which about 1,500 patients will receive assistance in the Intensive care and extracorporeal detoxification unit. About 64,000 patients were treated in the period 1990-2020. It was established that the structure of acute poisonings has undergone significant changes: the number of poisonings by pesticides (organophosphorus substances, carbamates, and pyrethroids), technical fluids and solvents (ethylene glycol, dichloroethane, hydrogen tetrachloride, and methanol), metals (lead, mercury), corrosive substances (acids, alkalis). At the same time, a significant number of poisonings with alcohol and its surrogates, plant toxins and mushrooms, and household chemicals remained. The share of domestic, suicidal and criminal drug poisonings increased. However, after 2015, the number of poisonings by drugs, psychotropic substances (methadone, heroin, synthetic opioids) and their precursors, including in combination with benzodiazepines, meth- and amphetamine, cocaine and ethanol, has increased rapidly. In general, the part of drug poisonings has increased 3.5 times over the past 30 years. In accordance with the change in the structure of acute poisoning, the structure of extracorporeal detoxification technologies has also gradually undergone changes. The annual number of sorption technologies (hemosorption, plasmasorption) decreased. At the same time, there was an increase in the number of ce
{"title":"Practical aspects of using extracorporal detoxification methods in the treatment of acute chemical poisoning","authors":"N. Kurdil, V. Andriuschenko","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-98-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-98-109","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The structure of xenobiotics that cause poisoning and the need for hospitalization is constantly changing. Today, psychotropic and narcotic substances and their precursors have become the main cause of severe poisonings that require emergency medical care. At the same time, another problem is the combined use of narcotic substances and alcohol, which often causes multiorgan dysfunction and prompts doctors to search for new treatment approaches, using traditional methods of afferent and efferent therapy in combination with modern extracorporeal detoxification technologies.\u0000\u0000Aim. Study of the peculiarities of the use of extracorporeal detoxification methods in the treatment of patients with acute chemical poisoning, which are associated with the change in the structure of poisons for 1990-2020.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. A cohort retrospective analysis of 1,685 charts of hospitalized patients with acute poisoning (Form No. 003/0) and 5,025 protocols of artificial detoxification procedures was conducted. Data from the reports of the Toxicological department and the Intensive care and extracorporeal detoxification unit of the Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Medical Center (hereinafter referred to as the Toxicological Center) for the period 1990-2020, with information on the structure of medical technologies (membrane, centrifugal, sorption and other) and the number of artificial detoxification methods used during the study period.\u0000\u0000Results. On average, the Kyiv Toxicological Center provides medical care to about 2,500 adult patients with chemical poisonings per year, of which about 1,500 patients will receive assistance in the Intensive care and extracorporeal detoxification unit. About 64,000 patients were treated in the period 1990-2020. It was established that the structure of acute poisonings has undergone significant changes: the number of poisonings by pesticides (organophosphorus substances, carbamates, and pyrethroids), technical fluids and solvents (ethylene glycol, dichloroethane, hydrogen tetrachloride, and methanol), metals (lead, mercury), corrosive substances (acids, alkalis). At the same time, a significant number of poisonings with alcohol and its surrogates, plant toxins and mushrooms, and household chemicals remained. The share of domestic, suicidal and criminal drug poisonings increased. However, after 2015, the number of poisonings by drugs, psychotropic substances (methadone, heroin, synthetic opioids) and their precursors, including in combination with benzodiazepines, meth- and amphetamine, cocaine and ethanol, has increased rapidly. In general, the part of drug poisonings has increased 3.5 times over the past 30 years. In accordance with the change in the structure of acute poisoning, the structure of extracorporeal detoxification technologies has also gradually undergone changes. The annual number of sorption technologies (hemosorption, plasmasorption) decreased. At the same time, there was an increase in the number of ce","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122814497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-7-25
M. Prodanchuk, T. Oboronova, O. Bobyliova, N.Ye. Dyshinevich, O.L. Pereguda, A. A. Kalashnikov
Abstract. Composite building materials based on wood (further ‒ wood plastics) remain a key object of sanitary and hygienic research as an important source of marker air pollutants in residential premises. Aim. Generalization of the results of sanitary and hygienic studies of wood plastics that are in circulation on the market of Ukraine; comparative analysis of individual provisions of the system of technical regulation of the specified products in the EU and Ukraine. Materials and Methods. Directives of EU countries in the field of technical regulation of chemically hazardous construction materials and sanitary legislation of Ukraine; data of sanitary-hygienic researches of the air of residential premises based on complaints of residents of the city of Kyiv, carried out by the "Kyiv City Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" (2010-2019); the results of chamber studies of samples (N=4859) of building products based on wood plastics and furniture, performed in the polymer hygiene laboratory of the State Enterprise "L.I. Medved’s Research Center of Preventive Toxicology, Food and Chemical Safety of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" (2010-2019). Statistical analysis ‒ Microsoft Excel 2019. Results. According to the research data of wood-plastic samples, a high level of their compliance with technical requirements and quality parameters and hygienic standards of Ukraine was established, so over the 10 years of research, the average deviations were: glued plywood, veneered panels, other laminated wood materials - 3.59% (n=1234); fiberboard boards made of wood or other wood materials with or without the addition of resins or other substances ‒ 1.36% (n=1512); chipboard boards, with oriented chips and similar boards (for example, wafer boards) ‒ 1.73% (n=1441); furniture samp-les – 1.6% (n=672). At the same time, an increase in the number of cases of exceeding the concentration of phenol and formaldehyde in relation to the MPC average daily in the air of residential premises of multi-apartment buildings during the same period was found: phenol by 2.86 times (R2=0.764), formaldehyde by 2.7 times (R2=0.529). The difference between wood-plastic samples sent for sanitary-hygienic research and those products that enter residential premises is not excluded, and cases of wood-plastic use in residential premises that are not intended are also found. Fundamental differences in the approaches of the EU and Ukraine to the assessment of the safety of composite building materials still remain unsettled. Difficulties in adapting the product safety regulatory system in the EU for introduction in Ukraine are due to the methodology of risk assessment for human health as a key tool for substantiating product and commodity safety standards. The main distinguishing feature of the EU legal framework on this issue is the recognition of product safety based on the absence of unacceptable risk, and the methodology that was impleme
{"title":"Wood-based composite building materials: safety assessment in Ukraine and the EU technical regulation system","authors":"M. Prodanchuk, T. Oboronova, O. Bobyliova, N.Ye. Dyshinevich, O.L. Pereguda, A. A. Kalashnikov","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-7-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-7-25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Composite building materials based on wood (further ‒ wood plastics) remain a key object of sanitary and hygienic research as an important source of marker air pollutants in residential premises.\u0000\u0000Aim. Generalization of the results of sanitary and hygienic studies of wood plastics that are in circulation on the market of Ukraine; comparative analysis of individual provisions of the system of technical regulation of the specified products in the EU and Ukraine.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. Directives of EU countries in the field of technical regulation of chemically hazardous construction materials and sanitary legislation of Ukraine; data of sanitary-hygienic researches of the air of residential premises based on complaints of residents of the city of Kyiv, carried out by the \"Kyiv City Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine\" (2010-2019); the results of chamber studies of samples (N=4859) of building products based on wood plastics and furniture, performed in the polymer hygiene laboratory of the State Enterprise \"L.I. Medved’s Research Center of Preventive Toxicology, Food and Chemical Safety of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine\" (2010-2019). Statistical analysis ‒ Microsoft Excel 2019.\u0000\u0000Results. According to the research data of wood-plastic samples, a high level of their compliance with technical requirements and quality parameters and hygienic standards of Ukraine was established, so over the 10 years of research, the average deviations were: glued plywood, veneered panels, other laminated wood materials - 3.59% (n=1234); fiberboard boards made of wood or other wood materials with or without the addition of resins or other substances ‒ 1.36% (n=1512); chipboard boards, with oriented chips and similar boards (for example, wafer boards) ‒ 1.73% (n=1441); furniture samp-les – 1.6% (n=672). At the same time, an increase in the number of cases of exceeding the concentration of phenol and formaldehyde in relation to the MPC average daily in the air of residential premises of multi-apartment buildings during the same period was found: phenol by 2.86 times (R2=0.764), formaldehyde by 2.7 times (R2=0.529). The difference between wood-plastic samples sent for sanitary-hygienic research and those products that enter residential premises is not excluded, and cases of wood-plastic use in residential premises that are not intended are also found. Fundamental differences in the approaches of the EU and Ukraine to the assessment of the safety of composite building materials still remain unsettled. Difficulties in adapting the product safety regulatory system in the EU for introduction in Ukraine are due to the methodology of risk assessment for human health as a key tool for substantiating product and commodity safety standards. The main distinguishing feature of the EU legal framework on this issue is the recognition of product safety based on the absence of unacceptable risk, and the methodology that was impleme","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131342153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-09DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-41-62
A. Kalashnikov, N. Kurdil, O.O. Khudaykulova, O.S. Zulfiharov, H. Petrashenko, V. P. Atamaniuk, P. Zhminko, A. Hrynko, A. O. Zulfiharov, I. P. Pavlenko, I.O. Kozachko
Abstract. The ever-increasing anthropogenic chemical load throughout the world prompts the search for sources of biologically active substances (BAS) capable of increasing the adaptive capabilities of a person exposed to the harmful effects of the environment. Aim. Scientific substantiation of the optimal composition of recipes and features of the production technology of products with immunomodulating and adaptogenic effects (dietary supplements, detoxification products for external use, including cosmetic preventive products for hand skin disinfection), based on technologically processed vegetable waste used in the production of pharmaceutical products Proteflazidum®". Material and Methods. The chemical composition of the ethanol extract of the plant raw material "Proteflazidum®" and the waste of its production - meal was studied. The mass fraction of flavonoid compounds aglycones of tricin, apigenin, luteolin, amino acids, sugars, carboxylic acids, natural polymers (pectin substances, chlorophylls and hemicellulose), ethanol (%, vol) was determined. The methods of ultra-high-performance high-speed liquid chromatography with diode-matrix detection (UPLCPDA, Waters, USA) were used; method of ultra-high-performance mass spectrometric high-speed liquid chromatography with electron spray ionization (UPLC-MC/MC, Waters, USA). A study of the dietary supplements "Immunoflazid Light" (syrup) and "Immunoflazid Pro" (capsules), manufactured in accordance with TU U 10.8-25589583-001:2020, was conducted according to safety indicators: the content of heavy metals, pesticides and radionuclides for compliance with the requirements of GN 4.4.8.073 -2001 "Temporary hygienic standards for the content of chemical and biological contaminants in biologically active supplements", approved by the resolution of the chief state sanitary doctor of Ukraine dated 04.20.2001. No. 131 and GN 6.6.1.1-130-2006 "Permissible levels of the content of radionuclides 137Cs, 90Sr in food and drinking water", approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 05.03.2006 under No. 256. A spectrometer was used to determine the content of lead, cadmium, and mercury atomic emission "SHIMADSU ICPE - 9820"; for the determination of radionuclides, the spectrometer "SEG-001", "AKP-S" and the spectrometer "SEB-01-70" were used. Methods of measuring pesticides according to DSTU EN 12393-1:2003, DSTU EN 12393-2:2003, DSTU EN 12393-3:2003 and GOST 30349-96. Results. The waste of vegetable raw materials, which is formed as a result of the production of the "Proteflazidum®", is a valuable source of BAS, which allows you to consider them as raw materials for creating recipes of products with an adaptogenic effect - dietary supplements and raw materials for the production of products for external use, including cosmetic prophylactic and means for hand skin disinfection. According to safety indicators, the new products belong to low-hazard substances when applied to the skin (hazard
摘要世界范围内不断增加的人为化学负荷促使人们寻找生物活性物质(BAS)的来源，以提高暴露于环境有害影响下的人的适应能力。目的。科学证实具有免疫调节和适应性作用的产品(膳食补充剂、外用解毒产品，包括手部皮肤消毒的化妆品预防产品)的最佳配方组成和生产技术特点，基于用于生产药品Proteflazidum®的经技术处理的蔬菜废物”。材料和方法。研究了植物原料“Proteflazidum®”乙醇提取物的化学成分及其生产粕的废弃物。测定了黄酮类化合物tricin、芹菜素、木犀草素、氨基酸、糖、羧酸、天然聚合物(果胶物质、叶绿素和半纤维素)、乙醇的质量分数(%，vol)。采用超高效液相色谱二极管-基质检测方法(UPLCPDA, Waters, USA);电子喷雾电离的超高效质谱高速液相色谱法(UPLC-MC/MC, Waters, USA)。按照TU U 10.8-25589583-001:2020生产的膳食补充剂“Immunoflazid Light”(糖浆)和“Immunoflazid Pro”(胶囊)的安全指标进行了研究:重金属、农药和放射性核素的含量符合GN 4.4.8.073 -2001《生物活性补充剂中化学和生物污染物含量的临时卫生标准》的要求，该标准由乌克兰首席国家卫生医生于2001年4月20日批准。乌克兰卫生部2006年3月5日第256号命令批准的第131号和GN 6.6.1.1-130-2006号“食品和饮用水中放射性核素137Cs、90Sr含量的允许水平”。用光谱仪测定了铅、镉、汞原子发射物“SHIMADSU ICPE - 9820”的含量;放射性核素的测定采用SEG-001光谱仪、AKP-S光谱仪和SEB-01-70光谱仪。根据DSTU EN 12393-1:2003, DSTU EN 12393-2:2003, DSTU EN 12393-3:2003和GOST 30349-96测定农药的方法。由于生产“Proteflazidum®”而形成的植物原料废料是BAS的宝贵来源，这使您可以将其视为创建具有适应性效应的产品配方的原材料-膳食补充剂和生产外用产品的原材料，包括化妆品预防剂和手部皮肤消毒手段。根据安全指标，新产品应用于皮肤时属于低危害物质(危害类4)，不表现出皮肤刺激、皮肤吸收和致敏特性，无酒精产品不刺激眼睛粘膜。Proteflazidum®生产废料是一种宝贵的原料，可用于生产具有适应性效应的各种产品(膳食补充剂、外用产品生产的原料，包括化妆品预防用品和手部皮肤消毒产品)。关键词:蛋白黄酮®，黄花草Сaespitosa，菖蒲草，生物黄酮，果胶物质
{"title":"Promising directions for the development of means that can increase the adaptation capabilities of the human body under the conditions of the negative influence of the life environment","authors":"A. Kalashnikov, N. Kurdil, O.O. Khudaykulova, O.S. Zulfiharov, H. Petrashenko, V. P. Atamaniuk, P. Zhminko, A. Hrynko, A. O. Zulfiharov, I. P. Pavlenko, I.O. Kozachko","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-41-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-57-2-41-62","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The ever-increasing anthropogenic chemical load throughout the world prompts the search for sources of biologically active substances (BAS) capable of increasing the adaptive capabilities of a person exposed to the harmful effects of the environment.\u0000\u0000Aim. Scientific substantiation of the optimal composition of recipes and features of the production technology of products with immunomodulating and adaptogenic effects (dietary supplements, detoxification products for external use, including cosmetic preventive products for hand skin disinfection), based on technologically processed vegetable waste used in the production of pharmaceutical products Proteflazidum®\".\u0000\u0000Material and Methods. The chemical composition of the ethanol extract of the plant raw material \"Proteflazidum®\" and the waste of its production - meal was studied. The mass fraction of flavonoid compounds aglycones of tricin, apigenin, luteolin, amino acids, sugars, carboxylic acids, natural polymers (pectin substances, chlorophylls and hemicellulose), ethanol (%, vol) was determined. The methods of ultra-high-performance high-speed liquid chromatography with diode-matrix detection (UPLCPDA, Waters, USA) were used; method of ultra-high-performance mass spectrometric high-speed liquid chromatography with electron spray ionization (UPLC-MC/MC, Waters, USA). A study of the dietary supplements \"Immunoflazid Light\" (syrup) and \"Immunoflazid Pro\" (capsules), manufactured in accordance with TU U 10.8-25589583-001:2020, was conducted according to safety indicators: the content of heavy metals, pesticides and radionuclides for compliance with the requirements of GN 4.4.8.073 -2001 \"Temporary hygienic standards for the content of chemical and biological contaminants in biologically active supplements\", approved by the resolution of the chief state sanitary doctor of Ukraine dated 04.20.2001. No. 131 and GN 6.6.1.1-130-2006 \"Permissible levels of the content of radionuclides 137Cs, 90Sr in food and drinking water\", approved by the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine dated 05.03.2006 under No. 256. A spectrometer was used to determine the content of lead, cadmium, and mercury atomic emission \"SHIMADSU ICPE - 9820\"; for the determination of radionuclides, the spectrometer \"SEG-001\", \"AKP-S\" and the spectrometer \"SEB-01-70\" were used. Methods of measuring pesticides according to DSTU EN 12393-1:2003, DSTU EN 12393-2:2003, DSTU EN 12393-3:2003 and GOST 30349-96.\u0000\u0000Results. The waste of vegetable raw materials, which is formed as a result of the production of the \"Proteflazidum®\", is a valuable source of BAS, which allows you to consider them as raw materials for creating recipes of products with an adaptogenic effect - dietary supplements and raw materials for the production of products for external use, including cosmetic prophylactic and means for hand skin disinfection. According to safety indicators, the new products belong to low-hazard substances when applied to the skin (hazard ","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125775050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-50-61
N. Kurdil, O. V. Ivashchenko, V. Andriuschenko, K.O. Suprun
Abstract. Clinical evaluation of combined drug poisoning is a rather difficult matter, since despite the progress in understanding the pharmacological effects and toxicity of many modern narcotic substances and precursors, their combined action in most cases remains unknown. Aim: to study the features of the clinical course of combined poisoning caused by the simultaneous consumption of drugs of different groups and alcohol. Materials and Methods. The medical data of 212 cases of drug poisoning (overdose) were studied. Clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with various combinations of opioids, alcohol and psychostimulants were evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Microsoft Excel 2019, Student's t-test for paired samples, Pearson's correlation analysis, p≤0.05 was used. Results. The use of opioids, alcohol, and psychostimulants in various combinations leads to the development of a specific picture of poisoning. Depending on the combination of narcotic substances and alcohol, these or other toxic symptoms and syndromes occur, which differ in nature, duration, intensity, and frequency depending on the combination and dose of narcotic substances. Combined poisoning with the participation of opioids, alcohol, and psychostimulants differ in the frequency of hypotension, arrhythmias, muscle atony, rhabdomyolysis, electrolyte and metabolic disorders. There was a correlation established between the number of toxicants and the duration of the patient's stay in the intensive care unit (r=0.7864, p=0.00123) and the presence of biomarkers of nephro- and hepatotoxicity (r=0.5285, p =0.00411); the correlation between the number of toxicants and the development of oligo-anuria was not confirmed (r=0.0007, p=0.001). Conclusions. The study of the clinical and laboratory features of the course of combined drug poisoning caused by the simultaneous consumption of 3 or more toxicants is an urgent direction of modern clinical toxicology and emergency medicine. Key Words: drugs, alcohol, combined poisonings.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of the clinical course of narcotic poisoning with different combinations of opioids, psychostimulants and alcohol","authors":"N. Kurdil, O. V. Ivashchenko, V. Andriuschenko, K.O. Suprun","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-50-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-50-61","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Clinical evaluation of combined drug poisoning is a rather difficult matter, since despite the progress in understanding the pharmacological effects and toxicity of many modern narcotic substances and precursors, their combined action in most cases remains unknown.\u0000\u0000Aim: to study the features of the clinical course of combined poisoning caused by the simultaneous consumption of drugs of different groups and alcohol.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. The medical data of 212 cases of drug poisoning (overdose) were studied. Clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with various combinations of opioids, alcohol and psychostimulants were evaluated. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Microsoft Excel 2019, Student's t-test for paired samples, Pearson's correlation analysis, p≤0.05 was used.\u0000\u0000Results. The use of opioids, alcohol, and psychostimulants in various combinations leads to the development of a specific picture of poisoning. Depending on the combination of narcotic substances and alcohol, these or other toxic symptoms and syndromes occur, which differ in nature, duration, intensity, and frequency depending on the combination and dose of narcotic substances. Combined poisoning with the participation of opioids, alcohol, and psychostimulants differ in the frequency of hypotension, arrhythmias, muscle atony, rhabdomyolysis, electrolyte and metabolic disorders. There was a correlation established between the number of toxicants and the duration of the patient's stay in the intensive care unit (r=0.7864, p=0.00123) and the presence of biomarkers of nephro- and hepatotoxicity (r=0.5285, p =0.00411); the correlation between the number of toxicants and the development of oligo-anuria was not confirmed (r=0.0007, p=0.001).\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The study of the clinical and laboratory features of the course of combined drug poisoning caused by the simultaneous consumption of 3 or more toxicants is an urgent direction of modern clinical toxicology and emergency medicine.\u0000\u0000Key Words: drugs, alcohol, combined poisonings.","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"226 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116849550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-19-34
H.А. Demich, A.V. Koval, N. Stadnichuk, T. V. Yevtushenko, T.P. Kostiuchenko
Abstract. Nitrates are natural metabolic products of all plants. They are vital to plants – without them their normal growth and development is impossible. However, the uncontrolled use of nitrogen fertilizers has led to their uncontrolled accumulation in food products. When eating vegetables with high amounts of nitrates, they are partially restored to nitrites in the intestinal tract, and the latter, entering the bloodstream cause diseases – methemoglobinemia. Therefore, quantitative and qualitative determination of nitrates and nitrites in plant and animal products, water and soils are relevant today. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the essence of the problem of excessive accumulation of nitrates in agricultural products and their negative impact on human health is highlighted. Aim. The aim of the research was to determine experimentally the concentration of nitrates and nitrites in plant and animal products, water and soils, to compare it with the maximum allowable concentration as required by Commission Regulation (EU) No 1258/2011 on maximum nitrate content in vegetables and by State sanitary rules and regulations on Maximum Permissible Levels of Certain Contaminants in Food, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine of May 13, 2013 No 368 (as amended by the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine of May 22, 2020 No 1238). Materials and Methods. Sources of information retrieval in printed and electronic publications, databases search engines, methods of analysis, comparison and generalization of data. Photometric method. Results. The analysis of the value of nitrates in nature, sources of this substance in food was conducted; normalization of the content of nitrate components, the problem of plant products quality decline due to the uncontrolled use of fertilizers was studied; the content of nitrates in plant and animal products; the harmful effects of products with high nitrate content were considered; a comprehensive assessment of nitrate content in plant products was carried out; comparative characteristics of methods for determination of nitrate compounds were given; the consequences of consumption of products with high nitrate content were analyzed. Conclusions. The problem of nitrate pollution is becoming increasingly significant, because the amount and speed of the nitrate nitrogen cycle in the environment is constantly increasing, which increases its impact on natural systems and the possibility of nitrate accumulation in crop products, humans and animals. Therefore, the implementation of analytical control of food and environmental objects is important to obtain objective information about the content of man-made pollutants, which are nitrates and nitrites. Key Words: nitrates, maximum permissible level, nitrate compounds, nitrate pollution.
摘要硝酸盐是所有植物的天然代谢产物。它们对植物至关重要——没有它们，植物就不可能正常生长发育。然而，氮肥的不受控制的使用导致了它们在食品中的不受控制的积累。当食用含有大量硝酸盐的蔬菜时，它们在肠道中被部分还原为亚硝酸盐，而后者进入血液会引起疾病——高铁血红蛋白血症。因此，对动植物产品、水和土壤中的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐进行定量和定性测定具有重要意义。在对相关科学文献进行分析的基础上，强调了农产品硝酸盐过量积累问题的本质及其对人体健康的负面影响。研究的目的是通过实验确定植物和动物产品、水和土壤中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的浓度，并将其与委员会法规(EU) No 1258/2011关于蔬菜中硝酸盐最大含量的规定和乌克兰卫生部5月13日命令批准的关于食品中某些污染物最大允许含量的国家卫生规则和条例所要求的最大允许浓度进行比较。2013年第368号(经乌克兰卫生部2020年5月22日第1238号命令修正)。材料与方法。印刷和电子出版物中的信息检索来源、数据库搜索引擎、数据分析、比较和概括的方法。光度method.Results。分析了硝酸盐在自然界中的价值、食物中硝酸盐的来源;研究了硝酸盐含量的标准化，以及因化肥无节制使用而导致植物产品质量下降的问题;动植物产品中硝酸盐的含量;考虑了高硝酸盐含量产品的有害影响;对植物产品中硝酸盐含量进行了综合评价;给出了几种硝酸盐化合物测定方法的比较特点;分析了食用高硝酸盐产品的危害。硝酸盐污染问题日益突出，因为环境中硝酸盐氮循环的数量和速度不断增加，这增加了其对自然系统的影响，也增加了硝酸盐在作物产品、人类和动物中积累的可能性。因此，实施食品和环境对象的分析控制是重要的，以获得有关人为污染物，即硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量的客观信息。关键词:硝酸盐，最大允许水平，硝酸盐化合物，硝酸盐污染。
{"title":"The topicality of the issue of nitrates control in food products","authors":"H.А. Demich, A.V. Koval, N. Stadnichuk, T. V. Yevtushenko, T.P. Kostiuchenko","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-19-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-19-34","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Nitrates are natural metabolic products of all plants. They are vital to plants – without them their normal growth and development is impossible. However, the uncontrolled use of nitrogen fertilizers has led to their uncontrolled accumulation in food products. When eating vegetables with high amounts of nitrates, they are partially restored to nitrites in the intestinal tract, and the latter, entering the bloodstream cause diseases – methemoglobinemia. Therefore, quantitative and qualitative determination of nitrates and nitrites in plant and animal products, water and soils are relevant today. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the essence of the problem of excessive accumulation of nitrates in agricultural products and their negative impact on human health is highlighted.\u0000\u0000Aim. The aim of the research was to determine experimentally the concentration of nitrates and nitrites in plant and animal products, water and soils, to compare it with the maximum allowable concentration as required by Commission Regulation (EU) No 1258/2011 on maximum nitrate content in vegetables and by State sanitary rules and regulations on Maximum Permissible Levels of Certain Contaminants in Food, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine of May 13, 2013 No 368 (as amended by the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine of May 22, 2020 No 1238).\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. Sources of information retrieval in printed and electronic publications, databases search engines, methods of analysis, comparison and generalization of data. Photometric method.\u0000\u0000Results. The analysis of the value of nitrates in nature, sources of this substance in food was conducted; normalization of the content of nitrate components, the problem of plant products quality decline due to the uncontrolled use of fertilizers was studied; the content of nitrates in plant and animal products; the harmful effects of products with high nitrate content were considered; a comprehensive assessment of nitrate content in plant products was carried out; comparative characteristics of methods for determination of nitrate compounds were given; the consequences of consumption of products with high nitrate content were analyzed.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The problem of nitrate pollution is becoming increasingly significant, because the amount and speed of the nitrate nitrogen cycle in the environment is constantly increasing, which increases its impact on natural systems and the possibility of nitrate accumulation in crop products, humans and animals. Therefore, the implementation of analytical control of food and environmental objects is important to obtain objective information about the content of man-made pollutants, which are nitrates and nitrites.\u0000\u0000Key Words: nitrates, maximum permissible level, nitrate compounds, nitrate pollution.","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129147669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-35-49
I. Matasar
Abstract. Aim. Proteins as well as other food ingredients form tissues, they are involved in the growth, development and recovery of organs and systems of living organisms, are a component of enzymes and hormones. Materials and Methods. The main sources of proteins for the human body and their functional significance are presented in the article. The focus is on the actual consumption of protein by children living in settlements affected by the Chernobyl accident. It is shown that children’s diets did not contain enough meat and meat products, fish and fish products, eggs, milk and dairy products, butter, sour cream and hard cheeses. The definition of an ideal protein is given. It is shown that the quality of proteins is determined by the set of amino acids of which they consist and their total number, as well as the sequence of connection of the latter with each other. Conclusions. The content of essential amino acids according to children’s diets is analyzed and their significance is described. The need to take measures to ensure protein intake within physiological needs, which will contribute to the prevention of nutritional deficiency and nutritional deficiency related diseases, was emphasized. Key Words: Chernobyl accident, infantile atrophy, hypothalamus, sources of receipt, ideal protein, kwashiorkor, population, indispensable amino acids, oligopeptides, nutrients, recommended daily intake, polypeptides, food, receptor imprinting, protein consumption, physiological significance, center of hunger.
{"title":"Peculiarities of protein exchange, protein physiological significance and its actual content in the diets of children living on the territories radioactively contaminated as a result of the Chernobyl accident","authors":"I. Matasar","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-35-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-35-49","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Aim. Proteins as well as other food ingredients form tissues, they are involved in the growth, development and recovery of organs and systems of living organisms, are a component of enzymes and hormones.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. The main sources of proteins for the human body and their functional significance are presented in the article. The focus is on the actual consumption of protein by children living in settlements affected by the Chernobyl accident. It is shown that children’s diets did not contain enough meat and meat products, fish and fish products, eggs, milk and dairy products, butter, sour cream and hard cheeses. The definition of an ideal protein is given. It is shown that the quality of proteins is determined by the set of amino acids of which they consist and their total number, as well as the sequence of connection of the latter with each other.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. The content of essential amino acids according to children’s diets is analyzed and their significance is described. The need to take measures to ensure protein intake within physiological needs, which will contribute to the prevention of nutritional deficiency and nutritional deficiency related diseases, was emphasized.\u0000\u0000Key Words: Chernobyl accident, infantile atrophy, hypothalamus, sources of receipt, ideal protein, kwashiorkor, population, indispensable amino acids, oligopeptides, nutrients, recommended daily intake, polypeptides, food, receptor imprinting, protein consumption, physiological significance, center of hunger.","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129040986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-62-73
M. Prodanchuk, O. Kravchuk, N. Kurdil, L. A. Ustinova, A. Hrynko, P.V. Aleynov, V. Mykhailov
Abstract. The scale and nature of the existing external and internal threats form the directions of international security cooperation for Ukraine, which today focus on a range of topical issues in the field of chemical, biological and radiation safety. Aim. Evaluation of the results of international cooperation of the Scientific Center in the field of chemical safety, in particular in matters related to the identification of controlled and toxic chemical substances. Materials and Methods. The results of the international activity of the Scientific Center in the field of chemical safety for the past 5 years are summarized; cooperation with international donors, representatives of the government of Ukraine, scientists and non-governmental organizations is summarized. Results. A key event in the field of international cooperation was participation in G-7 Regular Meeting within the framework of the Global Partnership (Munich, Germany, 2014), where Ukraine presented about 90 projects in three areas: chemical, biological and physical nuclear safety. The results of the implementation of OSCE Project Coordinator in Ukraine: "Integrated Chemical Safety and Security Program in Ukraine (ICSSP) (2014-2019) and "Enhancing Ukraine's Chemical Emergency Response Capacity) (2020-2021) are highly appreciated. Participation in Project Project 57: Strengthening crime scene forensics capabilities in investigating CBRN incidents in the South East and Eastern Europe Centers of Excellence Region (2018-2020) and "South East and Eastern Europe CBRN Risk Mitigation and Security Governance Program (UNICRI) (2021) had significant scientific and practical results. Conclusions. Participation in the work of international projects is invaluable in shaping the professional worldview of scientists and specialists whose activities belong to the sphere of CBRN security. The joint implementation of international initiatives provides a real opportunity for the operational implementation of new experience in practice, which is reflected in the plans of scientific works, the content of trainings and educational programs for the training of specialists who, according to their professional duties, need modern knowledge in the field of managing the consequences of CBRN threats. Key Words: chemicals, chemical safety, toxicology.
{"title":"On the results of international cooperation of the research center in the field of chemical, biological, radiologycal and nuclear safety (2017-2021)","authors":"M. Prodanchuk, O. Kravchuk, N. Kurdil, L. A. Ustinova, A. Hrynko, P.V. Aleynov, V. Mykhailov","doi":"10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-62-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33273/2663-9726-2022-56-1-62-73","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The scale and nature of the existing external and internal threats form the directions of international security cooperation for Ukraine, which today focus on a range of topical issues in the field of chemical, biological and radiation safety.\u0000\u0000Aim. Evaluation of the results of international cooperation of the Scientific Center in the field of chemical safety, in particular in matters related to the identification of controlled and toxic chemical substances.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods. The results of the international activity of the Scientific Center in the field of chemical safety for the past 5 years are summarized; cooperation with international donors, representatives of the government of Ukraine, scientists and non-governmental organizations is summarized.\u0000\u0000Results. A key event in the field of international cooperation was participation in G-7 Regular Meeting within the framework of the Global Partnership (Munich, Germany, 2014), where Ukraine presented about 90 projects in three areas: chemical, biological and physical nuclear safety. The results of the implementation of OSCE Project Coordinator in Ukraine: \"Integrated Chemical Safety and Security Program in Ukraine (ICSSP) (2014-2019) and \"Enhancing Ukraine's Chemical Emergency Response Capacity) (2020-2021) are highly appreciated. Participation in Project Project 57: Strengthening crime scene forensics capabilities in investigating CBRN incidents in the South East and Eastern Europe Centers of Excellence Region (2018-2020) and \"South East and Eastern Europe CBRN Risk Mitigation and Security Governance Program (UNICRI) (2021) had significant scientific and practical results.\u0000\u0000Conclusions. Participation in the work of international projects is invaluable in shaping the professional worldview of scientists and specialists whose activities belong to the sphere of CBRN security. The joint implementation of international initiatives provides a real opportunity for the operational implementation of new experience in practice, which is reflected in the plans of scientific works, the content of trainings and educational programs for the training of specialists who, according to their professional duties, need modern knowledge in the field of managing the consequences of CBRN threats.\u0000\u0000Key Words: chemicals, chemical safety, toxicology.","PeriodicalId":231282,"journal":{"name":"One Health and Nutrition Problems of Ukraine","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125419518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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