{"title":"‘Iron Rod’ or ‘Colander’?","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125626748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.1332/POLICYPRESS/9781529209020.003.0007
E. Chase, J. Allsopp
This chapter explores identity and belonging as central tenets to young people's subjective wellbeing. The two were found to be closely intertwined, intrinsically linked with a sense of being part of the social, religious, economic, and political spheres of the communities in which they lived. While seeking to belong in their new homes, young people from all countries simultaneously maintained a sense of duty to 'give back' to their home countries. For some this was in real time through remittances or other forms of transnational support, while others imagined futures in which they would be in a position to help rebuild communities as doctors, nurses, pharmacists, lawyers, or business investors. The chapter then explores how cultivating and maintaining a sense of identity was often experienced as a temporal process of becoming different to how one was before, and the subsequent impact this has on their ideas of belonging. As in previous chapters, it juxtaposes young people's subjective ideas with those contained within political and policy discourses about where young people should belong.
{"title":"Identity and Belonging","authors":"E. Chase, J. Allsopp","doi":"10.1332/POLICYPRESS/9781529209020.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/POLICYPRESS/9781529209020.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores identity and belonging as central tenets to young people's subjective wellbeing. The two were found to be closely intertwined, intrinsically linked with a sense of being part of the social, religious, economic, and political spheres of the communities in which they lived. While seeking to belong in their new homes, young people from all countries simultaneously maintained a sense of duty to 'give back' to their home countries. For some this was in real time through remittances or other forms of transnational support, while others imagined futures in which they would be in a position to help rebuild communities as doctors, nurses, pharmacists, lawyers, or business investors. The chapter then explores how cultivating and maintaining a sense of identity was often experienced as a temporal process of becoming different to how one was before, and the subsequent impact this has on their ideas of belonging. As in previous chapters, it juxtaposes young people's subjective ideas with those contained within political and policy discourses about where young people should belong.","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122809496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.1332/policypress/9781529209020.003.0012
E. Chase, J. Allsopp
This concluding chapter reviews the core questions addressed through the research and considers the implications of the findings for rethinking policy and practice. Young people are subjected to highly complex systems of immigration control intertwined with social support depending on their age, their status on the micro-level and, at the macro-level, a constantly shifting political landscape. Despite these constant shifts, the broad direction of the policy response has remained fairly constant. It persists in being shaped by state-centric views of migration, static conceptions of belonging, and a bias towards a political preference for return. Such path dependency underestimates young people's agency and willingness to embrace risk in their efforts to secure viable futures. The net result is a set of policies that fail to offer a durable solution or act in the best interests of either individual migrant young people themselves or society as a whole. Ultimately, unaccompanied children becoming adult is a global issue, a highly political issue and one that needs to be brought further to the fore in contemporary politics. It raises huge questions of responsibility and care for these young people in an increasingly globalized and connected world.
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"E. Chase, J. Allsopp","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529209020.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529209020.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"This concluding chapter reviews the core questions addressed through the research and considers the implications of the findings for rethinking policy and practice. Young people are subjected to highly complex systems of immigration control intertwined with social support depending on their age, their status on the micro-level and, at the macro-level, a constantly shifting political landscape. Despite these constant shifts, the broad direction of the policy response has remained fairly constant. It persists in being shaped by state-centric views of migration, static conceptions of belonging, and a bias towards a political preference for return. Such path dependency underestimates young people's agency and willingness to embrace risk in their efforts to secure viable futures. The net result is a set of policies that fail to offer a durable solution or act in the best interests of either individual migrant young people themselves or society as a whole. Ultimately, unaccompanied children becoming adult is a global issue, a highly political issue and one that needs to be brought further to the fore in contemporary politics. It raises huge questions of responsibility and care for these young people in an increasingly globalized and connected world.","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130321590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"List of Figures","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124438224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter shows how unaccompanied migrant and refugee young people are individuals driven by feelings and impulses as much as they are rational actors. Young people took extraordinary risks to protect their friends, and these actions shaped their trajectories. Sometimes the question of where young people ended up staying in Europe was the result of the friendships they forged there, both with co-nationals and in other cases with members of the host community, such as civil society volunteers who made them feel welcome. The chapter also documents how, as they sought to construct their own lives, young people also sought to reach beyond their subjective aspirations to help one another, build and sustain relationships, and live within communities of care. In this context, the collective aspect of capabilities is important. The ways in which young people work together to support one another was never more apparent than in the research team itself. The entire research project would have been impossible without the ties of trust and friendship forged, renegotiated, and strengthened within the team over time, and which have been sustained beyond the life of the project.
{"title":"Friendships, Connections and Relationships","authors":"E. Chase, J. Allsopp","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.16","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter shows how unaccompanied migrant and refugee young people are individuals driven by feelings and impulses as much as they are rational actors. Young people took extraordinary risks to protect their friends, and these actions shaped their trajectories. Sometimes the question of where young people ended up staying in Europe was the result of the friendships they forged there, both with co-nationals and in other cases with members of the host community, such as civil society volunteers who made them feel welcome. The chapter also documents how, as they sought to construct their own lives, young people also sought to reach beyond their subjective aspirations to help one another, build and sustain relationships, and live within communities of care. In this context, the collective aspect of capabilities is important. The ways in which young people work together to support one another was never more apparent than in the research team itself. The entire research project would have been impossible without the ties of trust and friendship forged, renegotiated, and strengthened within the team over time, and which have been sustained beyond the life of the project.","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133189542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter discusses the fundamental need for safety and freedom. For the period that they are recognized as children, there is arguably some degree of congruence between young people's conceptions of these aspects of their wellbeing and those of welfare and immigration structures, policies, and systems. However, as they turn 18, there is frequently a growing chasm between their own and others' perceptions of the sorts of safety and freedoms most conducive to the lives they want to lead. 'Safe country', for example, means completely different things to diplomats and politicians negotiating returns to Afghanistan or Albania than it does to young people having fled these 'safe countries' and who are then considered deportable. Likewise, relatively expansive ideas of freedom for young people who have spent their formative years in the United Kingdom or Italy are at odds with notions of freedom they can expect if they are no longer able to stay there legally, or are expected to return 'home'. The chapter reveals how young people are willing to take significant yet calculated risks, believing that the lives they can hope for following their migration are infinitely better than those they have left behind.
{"title":"The Pursuit of Safety and Freedom","authors":"E. Chase, J. Allsopp","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.11","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the fundamental need for safety and freedom. For the period that they are recognized as children, there is arguably some degree of congruence between young people's conceptions of these aspects of their wellbeing and those of welfare and immigration structures, policies, and systems. However, as they turn 18, there is frequently a growing chasm between their own and others' perceptions of the sorts of safety and freedoms most conducive to the lives they want to lead. 'Safe country', for example, means completely different things to diplomats and politicians negotiating returns to Afghanistan or Albania than it does to young people having fled these 'safe countries' and who are then considered deportable. Likewise, relatively expansive ideas of freedom for young people who have spent their formative years in the United Kingdom or Italy are at odds with notions of freedom they can expect if they are no longer able to stay there legally, or are expected to return 'home'. The chapter reveals how young people are willing to take significant yet calculated risks, believing that the lives they can hope for following their migration are infinitely better than those they have left behind.","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123913706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter offers a conceptual framework for rethinking wellbeing through a political economy lens in the context of migration and multiple transitions. It then considers the relevance and application of these conceptualizations of wellbeing to the lives and circumstances of unaccompanied migrant young people undergoing multiple transitions. The fact that young people on the move have unequal access to the resources they value as constitutive of their own wellbeing makes their different trajectories in the context of migration undeniably political. This means that wellbeing lends itself to a political economy analysis, something that is somewhat lacking in current work in the field. The chapter highlights the limitations of prevailing and dominant understandings of wellbeing, in particular their propensity to depoliticize it when its pursuit is fundamentally political, and to individualize it when it is inherently relational.
{"title":"Conceptualizing Wellbeing in the Context of Migration and Youth Transitions","authors":"E. Chase, J. Allsopp","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.8","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter offers a conceptual framework for rethinking wellbeing through a political economy lens in the context of migration and multiple transitions. It then considers the relevance and application of these conceptualizations of wellbeing to the lives and circumstances of unaccompanied migrant young people undergoing multiple transitions. The fact that young people on the move have unequal access to the resources they value as constitutive of their own wellbeing makes their different trajectories in the context of migration undeniably political. This means that wellbeing lends itself to a political economy analysis, something that is somewhat lacking in current work in the field. The chapter highlights the limitations of prevailing and dominant understandings of wellbeing, in particular their propensity to depoliticize it when its pursuit is fundamentally political, and to individualize it when it is inherently relational.","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127003216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125655444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-18DOI: 10.1332/POLICYPRESS/9781529209020.003.0003
E. Chase, J. Allsopp
This chapter examines the methodology for the research in England and Italy concerning youth migration. It describes its participative and collaborative nature, which involved working closely with a team of young people who had previously migrated alone to the United Kingdom and Italy as core members of the research team. The chapter outlines the rationale for the approach, how the countries of origin were selected, details of research participants, including how access was negotiated, and how contact was maintained with them over time. It then assesses how beliefs, ideas, and meanings surrounding wellbeing were reached inductively through questions that sought to determine what young people valued in their lives and what helped them to feel well and happy. There follows a discussion of how the analysis of findings was conducted, before some reflections on the ethical considerations and dilemmas posed by the research as well as its limitations and challenges.
{"title":"Capturing Wellbeing in Transition: An Alternative Approach","authors":"E. Chase, J. Allsopp","doi":"10.1332/POLICYPRESS/9781529209020.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/POLICYPRESS/9781529209020.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the methodology for the research in England and Italy concerning youth migration. It describes its participative and collaborative nature, which involved working closely with a team of young people who had previously migrated alone to the United Kingdom and Italy as core members of the research team. The chapter outlines the rationale for the approach, how the countries of origin were selected, details of research participants, including how access was negotiated, and how contact was maintained with them over time. It then assesses how beliefs, ideas, and meanings surrounding wellbeing were reached inductively through questions that sought to determine what young people valued in their lives and what helped them to feel well and happy. There follows a discussion of how the analysis of findings was conducted, before some reflections on the ethical considerations and dilemmas posed by the research as well as its limitations and challenges.","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125039651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter demonstrates that while young people strive to establish an anchor in Europe as a place where they feel safe and can imagine and construct futures for themselves, they simultaneously derive a sense of subjective wellbeing from their transnational ties and personhood. Given the geopolitical framework that kept them apart from loved ones elsewhere, the transnational elements to these relationships were central to their daily lives. There has been a burgeoning interest in practices of transnationalism, and the empirical work in the study reveals the complexities and dynamics of such ties and interactions for young people transitioning to adulthood in a context of migration. At least four domains of transnationalism were revealed in the research. These include transnational family connections, transnational friendships, virtual connections, and transnational futures and aspirations.
{"title":"Transnational Family and Connections","authors":"E. Chase, J. Allsopp","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv19cwb1j.17","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter demonstrates that while young people strive to establish an anchor in Europe as a place where they feel safe and can imagine and construct futures for themselves, they simultaneously derive a sense of subjective wellbeing from their transnational ties and personhood. Given the geopolitical framework that kept them apart from loved ones elsewhere, the transnational elements to these relationships were central to their daily lives. There has been a burgeoning interest in practices of transnationalism, and the empirical work in the study reveals the complexities and dynamics of such ties and interactions for young people transitioning to adulthood in a context of migration. At least four domains of transnationalism were revealed in the research. These include transnational family connections, transnational friendships, virtual connections, and transnational futures and aspirations.","PeriodicalId":232437,"journal":{"name":"Youth Migration and the Politics of Wellbeing","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121731460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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