Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies最新文献

Object detection has gradually developed into a popular research area because of the rife use of Remote Sensing Images (RSIs) in military and civil domains. However, complex backgrounds and problems with small items are the two biggest obstacles in object detection. Deep learning techniques have a significant advantage for object detection over conventional methods that rely on manually derived characteristics, and they have a lot of attention. Due to the wide range of objects and complex visual backgrounds in RSIs, current deep-learning algorithms in the area of RSI object detection leave much to be desired. For this case, algorithms need to be specifically optimized. In this paper, a novel optimization-driven Enhanced Faster Region Convolutional Neural Network (FRCNN) is proposed for object detection. This approach has five modules, namely pre-processing, data augmentation, segmentation, feature extraction, and object detection. The detection process is performed using Enhanced FRCNN and it is trained by the proposed Gazelle White Shark Optimization Algorithm (GWSOA). Extensive experiments in high-resolution RSI data sets have exposed the efficacy of the proposed approach. The novel approach achieved better accuracy of 97.31%, Mean Average Precision (MAP) of 97.85%, precision of 97.76%, recall of 96.16%, F-score of 95.78%, and error rate of 2.69.

The rapid emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) applications such as smart cities, intelligent transportation, healthcare, logistics, and wearable systems has increased the demand for scalable and low-latency computing infrastructure. Despite the widespread adoption of traditional cloud computing platforms to handle these applications, offloading all tasks to centralized cloud data centers results in significant latency, high energy consumption, and increased operational costs. Many of these applications are delay-sensitive and computationally intensive, requiring immediate decision-making and localized processing. To address these limitations, we propose a prioritized constraint-aware task offloading mechanism (PCATOM) that efficiently schedules and offloads tasks by considering task-level and resource-level constraints in a fog-cloud computing environment. PCATOM leverages the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm, a policy gradient reinforcement learning method designed to balance exploration and exploitation while dynamically learning optimal offloading strategies. The framework reduces overall latency, energy consumption, and execution cost by making intelligent decisions about where and how to offload tasks. PCATOM was implemented using the SimPy simulation framework and evaluated using a combination of statistical workloads and real-world parallel computing traces from NASA and HPC2N. Experimental results show that PCATOM consistently outperforms baseline models such as DQN and A2C, achieving up to 32.5% lower latency, 28.7% lower energy consumption, and 18.4% higher throughput. These results demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of PCATOM in dynamic and diverse fog-cloud environments.

The terahertz (THz) range is perfect for high-throughput applications like enhanced sensing, ultra-fast wireless backhauls, and real-time virtual and augmented reality because of its availability of unoccupied spectrum, which permits unparalleled bandwidths. The novel THz designs and components are being propelled by recent developments in nanomaterials, photonic devices, and intelligent surfaces. Additionally, the integration of THz waves with sensing and security capabilities opens up new paradigms in secure communication, healthcare applications, and intelligent settings. To achieve reliable and extensible THz communication systems, this article delves into the necessary technologies, propagation properties, and future study paths. Photonic crystals (PhC) have recently gained popularity for use in cutting-edge electromagnetic fields because of their remarkable controllability over the transmission of electromagnetic waves. The use of PhC ideas along with old and new antenna designs offers a way to create antennas that are very directional, slim, and adjustable. This article proposes a new design that combines the Kagome lattice PhC structure with a modified patch antenna that uses a Gingham sequence. The air holes in the Kagome lattice are optimized to enhance antenna characteristics like return loss (RL), gain, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), directivity, and so on. The proposed Kagome lattice PhC antenna works at THz frequency; hence, it is suitable for medical applications like cancer detection, and so on.

Aiming at the problem that ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast) data jump characteristics and multi-source heterogeneous errors are difficult to dynamically associate, this paper constructs a data mining framework that combines time series anomaly detection and multi-modal feature fusion. First, this paper performs missing value interpolation, time alignment and standardization preprocessing on the collected ADS-B data, energy status parameters, material environment parameters and flight environment information; secondly, based on the LSTM-AE (Long Short-Term Memory-Autoencoder) model, an unsupervised model for ADS-B data jump detection is constructed, which identifies the jump point by reconstructing the error and extracts jump features with physical significance. Finally, this paper introduces the Transformer architecture, cross-modally fuses the jump features with multi-source heterogeneous parameters, constructs a semantic alignment mechanism, and combines the error evolution modeling strategy to explore the complex influence mechanism of different factors on positioning errors. Experimental results show that the proposed method has better jump recognition accuracy (average 90.7%) and error prediction mean square error (average 5.81) than Isolation Forest and Variational Autoencoder (VAE), providing a new technical path for improving the positioning reliability and safety control of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

The traditional cybersecurity solution cannot offer the necessary protection against all forms of cyberattacks for management systems since cyberattacks are of a scattered nature. Thus, an efficient security method is suggested in this work to prevent data loss from the information system using optimization and deep learning. The major aim of this work is to offer suitable recommendations for developing a cybersecurity decision support model for information systems with risk analysis and cybersecurity models. In the information system, the security threats are eliminated using this model. So, the authentication, prediction of the risk levels, and the mitigation of the security threats are regarded as the major objectives of this research work. From the CICIDS 2017 KNN dataset, UNSW-NB15 dataset, and NSL-KDD dataset, the data is collected. The collected data is given to the executed Deep Security Network (DSecNet). In the DSecNet, the Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is utilized to retrieve the features and then the extracted features from the RBM are fused with optimized weights, which are selected using the Enhanced Sandpiper Optimization Algorithm (ESOA). The obtained weighted features are further provided to the Deep Capsule Neural Network (DeepCapsNet). The implemented DSecNet is used for verifying the authentication of the user, detecting the intrusion, and determining the associated risk levels caused by the attacks on the information system. Once the threats are detected, the mitigation of the threat based on their risk level is carried out. The effectiveness of the proposed model is proven by the validation process. From the simulation outcomes, the accuracy rate of the developed model is 97.11% in the NSL-KDD dataset and 96.70% in the UNSW-NB15 dataset based on intrusion detection performance. Therefore, the efficacy of the developed security system is higher for the performance of the authentication, intrusion detection, and risk prediction, which elevates the security of the cyber networks.

One of the most prevalent attacks that cause significant harm and impair cloud performance is Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS). DDoS attacks pose a significant threat to cloud environments, degrading performance and disrupting services. To address this issue, we propose a hybrid bio-inspired deep learning model for DDoS attack detection that leverages big data analytics in the cloud. The proposed model incorporates a MapReduce framework to efficiently process large-scale network traffic data, extracting crucial features such as raw features, packet-based features, improved correlations, and statistical features. These extracted features are further refined using an improved recursive feature elimination (RFE) method, which selects the most relevant attributes for attack detection. The attack detection phase employs a hybrid classifier (HC) that integrates Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Deep MaxOut (DMO) models. To ensure optimal performance, the weights of LSTM and DMO are fine-tuned using the White Shark Updated Remora Optimization (WSU-ROA), enhancing classification accuracy. The proposed HC + WSU-ROA model outperforms other methods, achieving the highest accuracy of 93.98%, compared to the other existing methods, demonstrating its superior effectiveness in DDoS attack detection.

Channel State Information (CSI) is necessary for wireless systems supported by reconfigurable intelligent surfaces to regulate wireless channels and increase bandwidth along energy efficiency. In this paper, RIS-Aided mmWave MIMO Channel Estimation with Rotation-Invariant Coordinate Convolutional Neural Network and Compressive Sensing (RIS-MIMO-CE-RICCNN) is proposed. Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) is utilized to estimate frequency-flat and frequency-selective cascaded channels with minimal overhead in multi-user millimeter wave big multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) systems. The unique angle cascaded channels visible to different users have totally shared non-zero rows including user-specific column supports; it makes use of both the double-structured sparsity property of angular cascaded channel (ACC) matrices and the common sparsity property among the various subcarriers. Rotation-Invariant Coordinate Convolutional Neural Networks (RICCNN) is used to accurately detect channel supports. Then, channel estimation is done by Harbor Seal Whiskers Optimization Algorithm (HSWOA). The performance metrics like Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Normalized mean square error (NMSE), Bit error rate (BER), Peak-signal to noise ratio (PSNR), Computational complexity, Loss function, BER versus SNR and energy consumption are evaluated. The performance of the RIS-MIMO-CE-RICCNN technique is evaluated against existing methods. The RIS-MIMO-CE-RICCNN achieves 16.28%, 30.78% and 25.29% lower SNR, 15.08%, 20.58%, and 15.25% lower NMSE, 28.96%, 30.21%, and 23.89% lower BER, and 26.28%, 31.26%, 19.66% lower PSNR when compared to the existing models: RIS-assisted mmWave MIMO channel estimation utilizing deep learning with compressive sensing (RIS-MIMO-CE-CS), channel estimation for reconfigurable intelligent surface enabled multiple user mmWave MIMO systems (RIS-MIMO-CE-MU), Beam Pattern along Reflection Pattern Design of Channel Estimation in RIS-Assisted mmWave MIMO Schemes (BPRPD-CE-RIS-MIMO)respectively.

Smart agriculture uses Internet of Things (IoT) and sensors to increase productivity, optimize resource use, and enhance decision-making. However, the large and varied agricultural data sets pose challenges for traffic management and network security. Traditional software-defined networking (SDN) offers centralized, flexible traffic control, but it cannot detect malicious or abnormal activities in real-time. To fill this gap, we introduce an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based anomaly detection and traffic management framework for SD-IoT networks in smart agriculture. This system combines a machine learning (ML) Intrusion Detection System (IDS) with the SDN controller, enabling real-time identification of abnormal traffic and adaptive prioritization of critical data flows. The IDS detects unusual traffic patterns, while the SDN controller allocates resources and routes flows based on quality of service (QoS) and security needs. Simulations demonstrate that our system achieves high accuracy in anomaly detection, reduces latency for emergency flows, enhances throughput, and reduces packet loss compared to traditional methods. This work highlights the importance of integrating AI-powered IDS with SDN traffic management to enhance security and communication in smart agricultural networks.