Pub Date : 2023-11-16DOI: 10.1007/s12209-023-00371-0
Qingnuan Zhang, Bo Wang
{"title":"Development and Challenges of Electrode Ionomers Used in the Catalyst Layer of Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: A Review","authors":"Qingnuan Zhang, Bo Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12209-023-00371-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-023-00371-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23296,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Tianjin University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139269707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-03DOI: 10.1007/s12209-023-00367-w
Xiang Li, Qiang Deng
Abstract Hydrogenative rearrangement of biomass-derived furfurals (furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural) to C 5 cyclic compounds (such as cyclopentanones and cyclopentanols) offers an expedient reaction route for acquiring O-containing value-added chemicals thereby replacing the traditional petroleum-based approaches. The scope for developing efficient bifunctional catalysts and establishing mild reaction conditions for upgrading furfurals to cyclic compounds has stimulated immense deliberation in recent years. Extensive efforts have been made toward developing catalysts for multiple tandem conversions, including those with various metals and supports. In this scientific review, we aim to summarize the research progress on the synergistic effect of the metal–acid sites, including simple metal–supported acidic supports, adjacent metal acid sites–supported catalysts, and in situ H 2 -modified bifunctional catalysts. Distinctively, the catalytic performance, catalytic mechanism, and future challenges for the hydrogenative rearrangement are elaborated in detail. The methods highlighted in this review promote the development of C 5 cyclic compound synthesis and provide insights to regulate bifunctional catalysis for other applications.
{"title":"Review on Metal–Acid Tandem Catalysis for Hydrogenative Rearrangement of Furfurals to C5 Cyclic Compounds","authors":"Xiang Li, Qiang Deng","doi":"10.1007/s12209-023-00367-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-023-00367-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hydrogenative rearrangement of biomass-derived furfurals (furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural) to C 5 cyclic compounds (such as cyclopentanones and cyclopentanols) offers an expedient reaction route for acquiring O-containing value-added chemicals thereby replacing the traditional petroleum-based approaches. The scope for developing efficient bifunctional catalysts and establishing mild reaction conditions for upgrading furfurals to cyclic compounds has stimulated immense deliberation in recent years. Extensive efforts have been made toward developing catalysts for multiple tandem conversions, including those with various metals and supports. In this scientific review, we aim to summarize the research progress on the synergistic effect of the metal–acid sites, including simple metal–supported acidic supports, adjacent metal acid sites–supported catalysts, and in situ H 2 -modified bifunctional catalysts. Distinctively, the catalytic performance, catalytic mechanism, and future challenges for the hydrogenative rearrangement are elaborated in detail. The methods highlighted in this review promote the development of C 5 cyclic compound synthesis and provide insights to regulate bifunctional catalysis for other applications.","PeriodicalId":23296,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Tianjin University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135818731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Aqueous rechargeable batteries are safe and environmentally friendly and can be made at a low cost; as such, they are attracting attention in the field of energy storage. However, the temperature sensitivity of aqueous batteries hinders their practical application. The solvent water freezes at low temperatures, and there is a reduction in ionic conductivity, whereas it evaporates rapidly at high temperatures, which causes increased side reactions. This review discusses recent progress in improving the performance of aqueous batteries, mainly with respect to electrolyte engineering and the associated strategies employed to achieve such improvements over a wide temperature domain. The review focuses on five electrolyte engineering (aqueous high-concentration electrolytes, organic electrolytes, quasi-solid/solid electrolytes, hybrid electrolytes, and eutectic electrolytes) and investigates the mechanisms involved in reducing the solidification point and boiling point of the electrolyte and enhancing the extreme-temperature electrochemical performance. Finally, the prospect of further improving the wide temperature range performance of aqueous rechargeable batteries is presented.
{"title":"Progress in Electrolyte Engineering of Aqueous Batteries in a Wide Temperature Range","authors":"Lingjun He, Chuyuan Lin, Peixun Xiong, Hui Lin, Wenbin Lai, Jingran Zhang, Fuyu Xiao, Liren Xiao, Qingrong Qian, Qinghua Chen, Lingxing Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s12209-023-00366-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-023-00366-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aqueous rechargeable batteries are safe and environmentally friendly and can be made at a low cost; as such, they are attracting attention in the field of energy storage. However, the temperature sensitivity of aqueous batteries hinders their practical application. The solvent water freezes at low temperatures, and there is a reduction in ionic conductivity, whereas it evaporates rapidly at high temperatures, which causes increased side reactions. This review discusses recent progress in improving the performance of aqueous batteries, mainly with respect to electrolyte engineering and the associated strategies employed to achieve such improvements over a wide temperature domain. The review focuses on five electrolyte engineering (aqueous high-concentration electrolytes, organic electrolytes, quasi-solid/solid electrolytes, hybrid electrolytes, and eutectic electrolytes) and investigates the mechanisms involved in reducing the solidification point and boiling point of the electrolyte and enhancing the extreme-temperature electrochemical performance. Finally, the prospect of further improving the wide temperature range performance of aqueous rechargeable batteries is presented.","PeriodicalId":23296,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Tianjin University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135993790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}