Purpose: Despite its prevalence, the etiology and pathogenesis of cryptorchidism remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers associated with cryptorchidism development using bioinformatics methodologies.
Materials and methods: We utilized three microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, comparing gene expression profiles between cryptorchidism patients and control individuals. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using statistical analysis. Subsequently, we constructed a gene co-expression network using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify modules of genes highly associated with the cryptorchid phenotype. Hub genes within these modules were identified using cross-validation and multiple algorithms.
Results: A total of 1,539 differentially expressed genes were identified between cryptorchidism patients and controls. WGCNA revealed a gene module strongly associated with the cryptorchidism phenotype. Ten genes (CDH1, CS, G6PD, HSPA5, KEAP1, NEDD8, POLR2J, JUN, SOD2, and TXN) with the highest association to cryptorchidism were identified in this module. Single‑gene gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) showed that these hub genes were mainly enriched in metabolism-, translation-, and inflammation‑related processes. Notably, several key genes are involved in oxidative stress responses.
Conclusion: This study identified a credible set of hub genes associated with cryptorchidism. Some of these genes have been shown to affect testicular development or spermatogenesis through mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress, while others have not been fully studied in the context of cryptorchidism. These hub genes may provide new biomarkers for cryptorchidism risk assessment and warrant further investigation to clarify their specific roles.
{"title":"Weighted Correlation Gene Networks and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis Revealed New Potential Genetic Etiologies Associated with Cryptorchidism.","authors":"Wenlin Huang, Jinge Liu, Ziwei Liu, Yong Xu","doi":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8397","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite its prevalence, the etiology and pathogenesis of cryptorchidism remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers associated with cryptorchidism development using bioinformatics methodologies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We utilized three microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, comparing gene expression profiles between cryptorchidism patients and control individuals. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using statistical analysis. Subsequently, we constructed a gene co-expression network using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify modules of genes highly associated with the cryptorchid phenotype. Hub genes within these modules were identified using cross-validation and multiple algorithms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,539 differentially expressed genes were identified between cryptorchidism patients and controls. WGCNA revealed a gene module strongly associated with the cryptorchidism phenotype. Ten genes (CDH1, CS, G6PD, HSPA5, KEAP1, NEDD8, POLR2J, JUN, SOD2, and TXN) with the highest association to cryptorchidism were identified in this module. Single‑gene gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) showed that these hub genes were mainly enriched in metabolism-, translation-, and inflammation‑related processes. Notably, several key genes are involved in oxidative stress responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified a credible set of hub genes associated with cryptorchidism. Some of these genes have been shown to affect testicular development or spermatogenesis through mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress, while others have not been fully studied in the context of cryptorchidism. These hub genes may provide new biomarkers for cryptorchidism risk assessment and warrant further investigation to clarify their specific roles.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"301-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saman Farshid, Ali Tayyebi Azar, Behnam Habibi, Alireza Pasha
Introduction: Open nephrectomy surgery in a kidney donor involves pain and many risks after the surgery, which leads to the inability to perform normal activities. For this reason, today the laparoscopic nephrectomy method is preferred in order to avoid complications and to return to normal life sooner. However, it is very critical to assess the impact of modifying the surgical technique on the outcome of kidney donation. Thus, the present study was undertaken with the following specific objective: a comparative study of the renal profile of live kidney donors who have undergone open and laparoscopic nephrectomy.
Materials and methods: The study in the present report was cross-sectional in nature. Participants included 91 kidney donors who had undergone either open nephrectomy (n = 46) or laparoscopic nephrectomy (n = 45). Data on the level of initial basic renal function, the duration of surgery, and the duration of hospitalization, together with the course of renal function in the 6 months after surgery, were collected. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 27 (SPSS version 27).
Results: The mean age of kidney donors was 29.4 ± 4.8 years, and all patients were male (100%). Body mass index and weight were comparable between the open and laparoscopic nephrectomy groups, with no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). The mean duration of surgery in the open nephrectomy group (2.37 ± 0.30 hours) was significantly shorter than that in the laparoscopic group (3.37 ± 0.13 hours) (P < 0.001). The mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the laparoscopic group (3.31 ± 0.31 days) compared to the open group (4.06 ± 0.04 days) (P < 0.001). GFR decreased significantly in both groups at discharge and 6 months postoperatively compared to baseline (paired t-test, all P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in GFR between groups at any time point (P > 0.05). Both groups experienced a significant postoperative decline in hemoglobin, with a greater reduction in the open group (-1.59 ± 0.79 g/dL) compared to the laparoscopic group (-1.05 ± 0.95 g/dL) (P = 0.004). White blood cell counts increased postoperatively in both groups, with no significant difference between them (P = 0.118). Surgical complications included transection of the superior polar artery in 5.5% of cases.
Conclusion: In laparoscopic nephrectomy, the time of surgery is longer, but the days of hospitalization after surgery do not differ and do not negatively affect the return of donor kidney function compared to the open method. Moreover, post-surgical problems have not been very frequent and are manageable in the best way possible.
{"title":"A Prospective Comparative Study of Renal Function in Live Renal Donors Who Underwent Open and Laparoscopic Nephrectomy.","authors":"Saman Farshid, Ali Tayyebi Azar, Behnam Habibi, Alireza Pasha","doi":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8591","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Open nephrectomy surgery in a kidney donor involves pain and many risks after the surgery, which leads to the inability to perform normal activities. For this reason, today the laparoscopic nephrectomy method is preferred in order to avoid complications and to return to normal life sooner. However, it is very critical to assess the impact of modifying the surgical technique on the outcome of kidney donation. Thus, the present study was undertaken with the following specific objective: a comparative study of the renal profile of live kidney donors who have undergone open and laparoscopic nephrectomy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study in the present report was cross-sectional in nature. Participants included 91 kidney donors who had undergone either open nephrectomy (n = 46) or laparoscopic nephrectomy (n = 45). Data on the level of initial basic renal function, the duration of surgery, and the duration of hospitalization, together with the course of renal function in the 6 months after surgery, were collected. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 27 (SPSS version 27).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The mean age of kidney donors was 29.4 ± 4.8 years, and all patients were male (100%). Body mass index and weight were comparable between the open and laparoscopic nephrectomy groups, with no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). The mean duration of surgery in the open nephrectomy group (2.37 ± 0.30 hours) was significantly shorter than that in the laparoscopic group (3.37 ± 0.13 hours) (P < 0.001). The mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the laparoscopic group (3.31 ± 0.31 days) compared to the open group (4.06 ± 0.04 days) (P < 0.001). GFR decreased significantly in both groups at discharge and 6 months postoperatively compared to baseline (paired t-test, all P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in GFR between groups at any time point (P > 0.05). Both groups experienced a significant postoperative decline in hemoglobin, with a greater reduction in the open group (-1.59 ± 0.79 g/dL) compared to the laparoscopic group (-1.05 ± 0.95 g/dL) (P = 0.004). White blood cell counts increased postoperatively in both groups, with no significant difference between them (P = 0.118). Surgical complications included transection of the superior polar artery in 5.5% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In laparoscopic nephrectomy, the time of surgery is longer, but the days of hospitalization after surgery do not differ and do not negatively affect the return of donor kidney function compared to the open method. Moreover, post-surgical problems have not been very frequent and are manageable in the best way possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"318-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Varicocele is the abnormal dilatation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus, which considered one of the most common factors related to infertility in men. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a relationship exists between sleeping position and the presence of varicocele.
Materials and methods: In this case-control study, including 231 adult infertile men who referred to Kowsar Infertility Center, Yasuj, Iran, divided into two groups: Control group including 113 infertile patients without varicocele and case group 118 infertile patients with varicocele. After the first visit by the urologist and determining the presence or absence of varicocele and clinical grading of varicocele, patients completed demographic, clinical and sleep position questionnaires.
Results: The findings of the current study indicated a significant relationship between the presence of varicocele and Faller down (lying on the abdomen) sleeping position. There was also a significant positive correlation between this position and the degree of varicocele (p=0.003).
Conclusion: Faller down or prone position during sleep has a meaningful relationship with varicocele, which may be due to increased intra-abdominal pressure. More studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
{"title":"Is there any relationship between sleeping position and varicocele?","authors":"Sadrollah Mehrabi, Fatemeh Bazarganipour, Zahra Heidari, Seyed Abdolvahab Taghavi","doi":"10.22037/uj.v23i00.8605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/uj.v23i00.8605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong> Varicocele is the abnormal dilatation of the veins of the pampiniform plexus, which considered one of the most common factors related to infertility in men. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a relationship exists between sleeping position and the presence of varicocele.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this case-control study, including 231 adult infertile men who referred to Kowsar Infertility Center, Yasuj, Iran, divided into two groups: Control group including 113 infertile patients without varicocele and case group 118 infertile patients with varicocele. After the first visit by the urologist and determining the presence or absence of varicocele and clinical grading of varicocele, patients completed demographic, clinical and sleep position questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings of the current study indicated a significant relationship between the presence of varicocele and Faller down (lying on the abdomen) sleeping position. There was also a significant positive correlation between this position and the degree of varicocele (p=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Faller down or prone position during sleep has a meaningful relationship with varicocele, which may be due to increased intra-abdominal pressure. More studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehmet Sevim, Murat Demir, Recep Eryılmaz, Rahmi Aslan, Kerem Taken
<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare outcomes of super mını percutaneous nephrolıthotomy (smPCNL) with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for stones 1- 2 cm. Material and Methods: After receiving the ethics committee approval for this study (Date: 10/09/2021 Decision No: 2021/10-01), the files of patients who underwent smPCNL and ESWL for kidney stones between January 2017 and June 2021 by the Urology Department of Van YYU Dursun Odabaşı Medical Center were retrospectively scanned. A total of 300 patients' data were scanned retrospectively. After exclusion criteria and ESWL patients whose sessions were not completed were excluded, a total of 159 patients, 82 ESWL and 77 smPCNL, were included in our study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age in the ESWL group was 6.72±3.71, and the mean age in the smPCNL group was 6.63±3.59 (1-18). There was no significant difference in age profile between the groups (p=.87). Regarding the direction of the stone procedure in the smPCNL group, the procedure was performed on the right side in 42 patients (54.54%) and on the left side in 35 patients (45.46%). In the ESWL group, the procedure was performed on the right side in 38 patients (46.35%) and on the left side in 44 patients (53.65%). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of side direction (p=.38). The mean BMI(Body Mass Index) in the ESWL group was 20.10±2.01, while it was 20.23±2.05 in the smPCNL group.No statistically significant difference was observed between two groups in terms of BMI (p=.68). The mean stone size in the ESWL group was calculated as 13.74±1.91 mm (10-20 mm) and 149.75±45.46 mm², which would provide more accurate results. The mean value in the smPCNL group was 14.064±2.6 mm (10-20 mm) and 150.879±50.34 mm². No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of stone size (p=(mm)=.37, p=(mm²)=.88). Among 82 patients treated with ESWL, 21 (25.6%) were stone-free after the first session, increasing to 40 (48.8%) by the end of the second session and to 50 (61.0%) at the end of the third session. In terms of sedo-analgesia, 19 (23.20%) were exposed to 1 session, 16 (19.5%)ere exposed to 2 sessions, and 31 (37.80%) were exposed to 3 sessions. 16 (19.5%) patients did not receive anesthesia. When evaluated in terms of the need for re-intervention, it was observed as 22 patients (26.8%) in the ESWL group and 4 patients (5.2%) in the smPCNL group (p=.0003). In the comparison of stone-free rate of smPCNL and ESWL groups, a statistically significant difference was observed in both early and late periods (p=,001). When comparing the early and late periods of smPCNL (p=.79) and ESWL(p=.19) within their own groups, no statistical difference was observed. When smPCNL and ESWL were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo classification in terms of complications, no statistically significant difference was observed (p=,51).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ESWL
{"title":"Comparison Of Super Mini Percutaneous Nephrolıthotomy (smPCNL) and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (Eswl) In Pediatric 1-2 Cm Kidney Stones: A Single-Center Retrospective Controlled Study.","authors":"Mehmet Sevim, Murat Demir, Recep Eryılmaz, Rahmi Aslan, Kerem Taken","doi":"10.22037/uj.v23i00.8586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/uj.v23i00.8586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare outcomes of super mını percutaneous nephrolıthotomy (smPCNL) with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for stones 1- 2 cm. Material and Methods: After receiving the ethics committee approval for this study (Date: 10/09/2021 Decision No: 2021/10-01), the files of patients who underwent smPCNL and ESWL for kidney stones between January 2017 and June 2021 by the Urology Department of Van YYU Dursun Odabaşı Medical Center were retrospectively scanned. A total of 300 patients' data were scanned retrospectively. After exclusion criteria and ESWL patients whose sessions were not completed were excluded, a total of 159 patients, 82 ESWL and 77 smPCNL, were included in our study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age in the ESWL group was 6.72±3.71, and the mean age in the smPCNL group was 6.63±3.59 (1-18). There was no significant difference in age profile between the groups (p=.87). Regarding the direction of the stone procedure in the smPCNL group, the procedure was performed on the right side in 42 patients (54.54%) and on the left side in 35 patients (45.46%). In the ESWL group, the procedure was performed on the right side in 38 patients (46.35%) and on the left side in 44 patients (53.65%). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of side direction (p=.38). The mean BMI(Body Mass Index) in the ESWL group was 20.10±2.01, while it was 20.23±2.05 in the smPCNL group.No statistically significant difference was observed between two groups in terms of BMI (p=.68). The mean stone size in the ESWL group was calculated as 13.74±1.91 mm (10-20 mm) and 149.75±45.46 mm², which would provide more accurate results. The mean value in the smPCNL group was 14.064±2.6 mm (10-20 mm) and 150.879±50.34 mm². No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of stone size (p=(mm)=.37, p=(mm²)=.88). Among 82 patients treated with ESWL, 21 (25.6%) were stone-free after the first session, increasing to 40 (48.8%) by the end of the second session and to 50 (61.0%) at the end of the third session. In terms of sedo-analgesia, 19 (23.20%) were exposed to 1 session, 16 (19.5%)ere exposed to 2 sessions, and 31 (37.80%) were exposed to 3 sessions. 16 (19.5%) patients did not receive anesthesia. When evaluated in terms of the need for re-intervention, it was observed as 22 patients (26.8%) in the ESWL group and 4 patients (5.2%) in the smPCNL group (p=.0003). In the comparison of stone-free rate of smPCNL and ESWL groups, a statistically significant difference was observed in both early and late periods (p=,001). When comparing the early and late periods of smPCNL (p=.79) and ESWL(p=.19) within their own groups, no statistical difference was observed. When smPCNL and ESWL were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo classification in terms of complications, no statistically significant difference was observed (p=,51).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ESWL ","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilker Akarken, Huseyin Tarhan, Fatih Karaoz, Hasan Deliktas, Yelda Dere, Hayrettin Sahin
Purpose: The prognosis and clinical management of bladder tumors nearly occupying the entire bladder cavity remain poorly defined due to limited available data. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients presenting with bladder tumors nearly filling the bladder at initial diagnosis.
Materials and methods: After obtaining ethical approval, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 51 patients diagnosed between 2017 and 2024 with primary bladder tumors nearly filling the bladder. All underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). The clinical and pathological were analyzed data using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression.
Results: The mean age was 76.24 ± 11.7 years, with a median follow-up of 9.73 months (range: 3-84 months). Hematuria was the most frequent symptom (74.5%). Muscle-invasive disease was identified in 43.1% of cases at initial diagnosis, exceeding the 25% generally reported in newly diagnosed bladder cancer cohorts (P < .001). Complete resection was achieved in 68.6%, while 31.4% required re-TURBT. Among patients initially diagnosed with non-muscle-invasive tumors, 31.1% were found to have muscle invasion upon second resection. Treatments comprised intravesical immunotherapy (48.6%), radical cystectomy (25.7%), chemoradiation (14.3%), and systemic chemotherapy (11.4%).
Conclusion: Bladder tumors nearly filling the bladder cavity are associated with high rates of muscle invasion and pose significant challenges in treatment and management. Larger, prospective multicenter studies are warranted to validate these findings and optimize management in this high-risk population.
{"title":"Clinical Features and Treatment Outcomes of Large Bladder Tumors Nearly Filling the Bladder.","authors":"Ilker Akarken, Huseyin Tarhan, Fatih Karaoz, Hasan Deliktas, Yelda Dere, Hayrettin Sahin","doi":"10.22037/uj.v23i00.8655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/uj.v23i00.8655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The prognosis and clinical management of bladder tumors nearly occupying the entire bladder cavity remain poorly defined due to limited available data. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of patients presenting with bladder tumors nearly filling the bladder at initial diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>After obtaining ethical approval, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 51 patients diagnosed between 2017 and 2024 with primary bladder tumors nearly filling the bladder. All underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). The clinical and pathological were analyzed data using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 76.24 ± 11.7 years, with a median follow-up of 9.73 months (range: 3-84 months). Hematuria was the most frequent symptom (74.5%). Muscle-invasive disease was identified in 43.1% of cases at initial diagnosis, exceeding the 25% generally reported in newly diagnosed bladder cancer cohorts (P < .001). Complete resection was achieved in 68.6%, while 31.4% required re-TURBT. Among patients initially diagnosed with non-muscle-invasive tumors, 31.1% were found to have muscle invasion upon second resection. Treatments comprised intravesical immunotherapy (48.6%), radical cystectomy (25.7%), chemoradiation (14.3%), and systemic chemotherapy (11.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bladder tumors nearly filling the bladder cavity are associated with high rates of muscle invasion and pose significant challenges in treatment and management. Larger, prospective multicenter studies are warranted to validate these findings and optimize management in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cengiz Çanakcı, Orkunt Özkaptan, Erdinç Dinçer, Utku Can, Kubilay Can Çağlar, Oğuz Türkyılmaz
Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy performed completely under ultrasound guidance without fluoroscopy and ureteral catheterization in kidneys with hydronephrosis.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study analyzed the data of 30 patients (Group 1) with kidney stones larger than 2 cm and Grade 2 or higher hydronephrosis who underwent ultrasound-guided supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy without ureteral catheterization and fluoroscopy between January 2022 and November 2024. The data of these patients were compared using matched-pair analysis (1:1) with patients who underwent supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy under ultrasound and fluoroscopy guidance with ureteral catheterization (Group 2) in the same period. The groups were compared regarding access time, operation time, stone-free rates, blood loss, and complications.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, side, stone diameter, stone volume, stone density, hydronephrosis grade and Guy's stone score. Access time was significantly shorter in Group 1 (11.3 ± 3.9 minutes vs. 13.9 ± 4.7 minutes, respectively, 95% CI: 0.3-4.9, p = .026). The mean operation time was 64.4 ± 19.4 in Group 1 and 102.3 ± 31.2 in Group 2, and this difference was statistically significant (95% CI: 24.2-51.6, p = .001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative 1st month stone-free rates (83.3% vs 86.6%, respectively, p = .723 Conclusion: Compared with standard supine mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy, totally ultrasound guided supine mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy without ureteral catheter is an effective, safe and feasible surgery.
目的:探讨全超声引导下经皮仰卧肾镜取石术治疗肾积水患者的安全性和有效性。材料与方法:本回顾性研究分析了2022年1月至2024年11月,30例肾结石大于2 cm, 2级及以上肾积水患者(1组)在超声引导下经皮仰卧肾镜取石术,不经输尿管置管及透视。将这些患者的资料与同期在超声和透视引导下经皮肾镜取石术并输尿管置管的患者(2组)进行配对分析(1:1)。比较两组手术时间、手术时间、结石清除率、出血量及并发症。结果:两组患者在年龄、性别、侧位、结石直径、结石体积、结石密度、肾积水分级、Guy's结石评分等方面差异均无统计学意义。第1组的访问时间明显缩短(分别为11.3±3.9分钟和13.9±4.7分钟,95% CI: 0.3 ~ 4.9, p = 0.026)。组1平均手术时间为64.4±19.4,组2平均手术时间为102.3±31.2,差异有统计学意义(95% CI: 24.2 ~ 51.6, p = .001)。两组患者术后1个月结石无结石率差异无统计学意义(83.3% vs 86.6%, p = .723)。结论:与标准仰卧位微创经皮肾镜取石术相比,全超声引导下无输尿管导管的仰卧位微创肾镜取石术是一种有效、安全、可行的手术。
{"title":"Totally Ultrasound-Guided Supine Mini-PCNL Without Ureteral Catheter in Hydronephrotic Kidney; A Matched-Pair Analysis.","authors":"Cengiz Çanakcı, Orkunt Özkaptan, Erdinç Dinçer, Utku Can, Kubilay Can Çağlar, Oğuz Türkyılmaz","doi":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8519","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the safety and efficacy of supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy performed completely under ultrasound guidance without fluoroscopy and ureteral catheterization in kidneys with hydronephrosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed the data of 30 patients (Group 1) with kidney stones larger than 2 cm and Grade 2 or higher hydronephrosis who underwent ultrasound-guided supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy without ureteral catheterization and fluoroscopy between January 2022 and November 2024. The data of these patients were compared using matched-pair analysis (1:1) with patients who underwent supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy under ultrasound and fluoroscopy guidance with ureteral catheterization (Group 2) in the same period. The groups were compared regarding access time, operation time, stone-free rates, blood loss, and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, side, stone diameter, stone volume, stone density, hydronephrosis grade and Guy's stone score. Access time was significantly shorter in Group 1 (11.3 ± 3.9 minutes vs. 13.9 ± 4.7 minutes, respectively, 95% CI: 0.3-4.9, p = .026). The mean operation time was 64.4 ± 19.4 in Group 1 and 102.3 ± 31.2 in Group 2, and this difference was statistically significant (95% CI: 24.2-51.6, p = .001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative 1st month stone-free rates (83.3% vs 86.6%, respectively, p = .723 Conclusion: Compared with standard supine mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy, totally ultrasound guided supine mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy without ureteral catheter is an effective, safe and feasible surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"283-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oktav Bosnali, Songül Arabul Aydoğdu, Serdar Moralıoğlu, Şeyma Nur Atcı, Özlem Armay
Purpose: Müllerian anomalies are rare, and the obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly/agenesis (OHVIRA) syndrome is the rarest. Its subtle and nonspecific symptoms cause delays in diagnosis, especially in prepuberty. This study aims to remind this rare anomaly and review its symptoms, clinical and radiological findings, and treatment in pre- and post-pubertal girls.
Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of cases of OHVIRA syndrome that were diagnosed and treated between May 2018 and June 2024. We evaluated the results and reviewed relevant literature.
Results: Seven patients were diagnosed with OHVIRA syndrome during the study period. Two patients were diagnosed in the pre-pubertal period, and all post-pubertal cases, except one, underwent surgery. Five (71%) of the seven patients had left-sided obstructed hemivagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis.
Conclusion: OHVIRA syndrome is a rare condition. Its diagnosis and management depend on the patient's age, symptoms, familiarity with the syndrome, and teamwork. Although a renal anomaly is part of the triad of this syndrome, OHVIRA syndrome often remains undiagnosed during infancy, even in cases of prenatally diagnosed renal agenesis. Screening for OHVIRA syndrome and associated urinary anomalies in cases of renal agenesis, particularly in prepubertal cases, is crucial.
{"title":"A rare anomaly of the Mullerian system: OHVIRA syndrome. Comprehensive literature review and report of seven cases.","authors":"Oktav Bosnali, Songül Arabul Aydoğdu, Serdar Moralıoğlu, Şeyma Nur Atcı, Özlem Armay","doi":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8522","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Müllerian anomalies are rare, and the obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal anomaly/agenesis (OHVIRA) syndrome is the rarest. Its subtle and nonspecific symptoms cause delays in diagnosis, especially in prepuberty. This study aims to remind this rare anomaly and review its symptoms, clinical and radiological findings, and treatment in pre- and post-pubertal girls.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective chart review of cases of OHVIRA syndrome that were diagnosed and treated between May 2018 and June 2024. We evaluated the results and reviewed relevant literature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven patients were diagnosed with OHVIRA syndrome during the study period. Two patients were diagnosed in the pre-pubertal period, and all post-pubertal cases, except one, underwent surgery. Five (71%) of the seven patients had left-sided obstructed hemivagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OHVIRA syndrome is a rare condition. Its diagnosis and management depend on the patient's age, symptoms, familiarity with the syndrome, and teamwork. Although a renal anomaly is part of the triad of this syndrome, OHVIRA syndrome often remains undiagnosed during infancy, even in cases of prenatally diagnosed renal agenesis. Screening for OHVIRA syndrome and associated urinary anomalies in cases of renal agenesis, particularly in prepubertal cases, is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"311-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Can Benlioğlu, Bedreddin Kalyenci, Mehmet Ozgur Yucel, Ali Çift, Ahmet Türk, Bilge Aydıntürk, Hakan Sezgin Sayiner
Purpose: This preliminary study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity and local immune response triggered by intravesical administration of Brucella abortus S19 (BAS19) in a tumor-free rat model, as a potential alternative to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in bladder cancer immunotherapy. The primary objective is to investigate immune activation and safety in the bladder, establishing a foundation for future studies assessing its therapeutic efficacy against urothelial carcinoma.
Materials and methods: Nineteen female Wistar albino rats received intravesical BAS19 instillations and were euthanized after 3 and 6 weeks. Blood samples and cystectomy tissues were collected. Systemic immune response was assessed using the Rose Bengal agglutination test, immunocapture agglutination test, and blood cultures. Bladder tissues were examined histopathologically and stained immunohistochemically to evaluate local immune responses, specifically analyzing the expression of CD4, CD8, TLR4, and TNF- α.
Results: Higher Brucella-specific immunocapture titers and increased epithelial inflammation were observed in rats treated with BAS19 for 6 weeks. Moreover, significantly enhanced staining of CD4⁺, CD8⁺, and TNF- α in inflammatory cells was detected in this group. TLR4 expression was observed in all BAS19-treated rats, regardless of exposure duration.
Conclusion: Intravesical BAS19 administration in rats induced strong local immune responses via CD4⁺, CD8⁺, TNF-α, and TLR4 expression without systemic toxicity. These results suggest that BAS19 may mimic BCG's immunological pathways, particularly through TLR4 signaling. With its safety, low cost, and immunogenicity, BAS19 emerges as a promising immunotherapeutic candidate for further bladder cancer research.
{"title":"A Intravesical Brucella Abortus S19 (BAS19) Vaccine as a Potential Alternative to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) Immunotherapy: A Preclinical Study in Rats.","authors":"Can Benlioğlu, Bedreddin Kalyenci, Mehmet Ozgur Yucel, Ali Çift, Ahmet Türk, Bilge Aydıntürk, Hakan Sezgin Sayiner","doi":"10.22037/uj.v23i00.8561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/uj.v23i00.8561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This preliminary study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity and local immune response triggered by intravesical administration of Brucella abortus S19 (BAS19) in a tumor-free rat model, as a potential alternative to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in bladder cancer immunotherapy. The primary objective is to investigate immune activation and safety in the bladder, establishing a foundation for future studies assessing its therapeutic efficacy against urothelial carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nineteen female Wistar albino rats received intravesical BAS19 instillations and were euthanized after 3 and 6 weeks. Blood samples and cystectomy tissues were collected. Systemic immune response was assessed using the Rose Bengal agglutination test, immunocapture agglutination test, and blood cultures. Bladder tissues were examined histopathologically and stained immunohistochemically to evaluate local immune responses, specifically analyzing the expression of CD4, CD8, TLR4, and TNF- α.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher Brucella-specific immunocapture titers and increased epithelial inflammation were observed in rats treated with BAS19 for 6 weeks. Moreover, significantly enhanced staining of CD4⁺, CD8⁺, and TNF- α in inflammatory cells was detected in this group. TLR4 expression was observed in all BAS19-treated rats, regardless of exposure duration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intravesical BAS19 administration in rats induced strong local immune responses via CD4⁺, CD8⁺, TNF-α, and TLR4 expression without systemic toxicity. These results suggest that BAS19 may mimic BCG's immunological pathways, particularly through TLR4 signaling. With its safety, low cost, and immunogenicity, BAS19 emerges as a promising immunotherapeutic candidate for further bladder cancer research.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leila Zareian Baghdadabad, Razman Arabzadeh Bahri, Parnian Shobeiri, Iman Menbari Oskouie, Leonardo Oliveira Reis, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir
Purpose: Acute rejection (AR) of a kidney graft in renal transplant recipients is associated with microvascular injury leading to graft dysfunction and failure. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may serve as markers for vascular injury and AR. We aimed to identify lncRNA biomarkers associated with graft loss after renal transplantation.
Materials and methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. Odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs), and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to assess effect sizes. All graphical designs and statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 17 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA) and the meta package.
Results: Of 291 initially identified articles, 10 met eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review; 3 provided sufficient data for meta‑analysis. The pooled area under the curve (AUC) for lncRNA measurement in diagnosing acute kidney rejection was 0.79 in adults and 0.75 in pediatric populations, indicating good diagnostic accuracy. Leave‑one‑out sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of these findings. However, the pooled HR for the prognostic value of lncRNAs was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.63-1.04), which was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Assessment of lncRNA levels in plasma or urine appears promising as a diagnostic biomarker for acute kidney rejection. The prognostic value of lncRNAs in the course of acute kidney rejection requires further evaluation.
目的:肾移植受者的急性排斥反应(AR)与导致移植物功能障碍和衰竭的微血管损伤有关。长链非编码rna (lncRNA)可能作为血管损伤和AR的标志物。我们旨在鉴定与肾移植后移植物损失相关的lncRNA生物标志物。材料和方法:检索PubMed、Scopus、Embase和Web of Science。计算优势比(ORs)、风险比(hr)及其95%置信区间(95% ci)来评估效应大小。所有图形设计和统计分析均使用STATA version 17 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA)和meta软件包进行。结果:在最初确定的291篇文章中,有10篇符合入选标准,被纳入系统评价;3为meta分析提供了足够的数据。lncRNA检测诊断急性肾排斥反应的曲线下面积(AUC)在成人中为0.79,在儿童中为0.75,显示出良好的诊断准确性。遗漏敏感性分析证实了这些发现的稳定性。然而,lncrna预后价值的合并HR为0.81 (95% CI: 0.63-1.04),无统计学意义。结论:血浆或尿液中lncRNA水平的评估有望作为急性肾排斥反应的诊断生物标志物。lncrna在急性肾排斥过程中的预后价值有待进一步评估。
{"title":"Long Non Coding RNAs as Prognostic Factors or Diagnostic Biomarkers of Renal Transplant Rejection: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.","authors":"Leila Zareian Baghdadabad, Razman Arabzadeh Bahri, Parnian Shobeiri, Iman Menbari Oskouie, Leonardo Oliveira Reis, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir","doi":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8503","DOIUrl":"10.22037/uj.v22i.8503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Acute rejection (AR) of a kidney graft in renal transplant recipients is associated with microvascular injury leading to graft dysfunction and failure. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may serve as markers for vascular injury and AR. We aimed to identify lncRNA biomarkers associated with graft loss after renal transplantation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. Odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs), and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to assess effect sizes. All graphical designs and statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 17 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, USA) and the meta package.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 291 initially identified articles, 10 met eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review; 3 provided sufficient data for meta‑analysis. The pooled area under the curve (AUC) for lncRNA measurement in diagnosing acute kidney rejection was 0.79 in adults and 0.75 in pediatric populations, indicating good diagnostic accuracy. Leave‑one‑out sensitivity analyses confirmed the stability of these findings. However, the pooled HR for the prognostic value of lncRNAs was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.63-1.04), which was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Assessment of lncRNA levels in plasma or urine appears promising as a diagnostic biomarker for acute kidney rejection. The prognostic value of lncRNAs in the course of acute kidney rejection requires further evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":"261-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exsa Hadibrata, Sutyarso Sutyarso, Hendri Busman, Wawan Abdullah Setiawan, Nuning Nurcahyani, Syazili Mustofa, Ratna Dewi Ps
Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic hyperglycemic condition leading to metabolic problems causing organ damage and resulting in serious complications. Long-term complications of diabetes can cause serious health problems, such as sexual and reproductive dysfunction in men and women. Black pepper (Piper nigrum L) is one of medicinal plants proven to increase testosterone hormone levels, sexual function (libido), and spermatogenesis parameters in male rats. In this study the effect of black pepper fruit extract on sexual function and reproductive function (fertility) in alloxan-induced diabetic male-rats were evaluated.
Materials and methods: Total of 30 male Sprague Dawley rats, Rattus norvegicus, aged 2.5 - 3 months weighing 100-150 g were divided into five groups of 6 individuals each. Group 1 (I) was rats that were only given standard feed. Group 2 (II) was alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats and given feed. Groups 3 (III) and group 4 (IV) were alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats and given black pepper extract 122.5 and 245 mg/kg BW respectively for 8 days. Group 5 (V) is alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats given Sildenafil therapy or Zinc plus Ascorbic acid. After treatment for 8 days the erectile function and libido of rats were assessed, followed by evaluation of spermatozoa and testicular histology. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with significance at p<0.05 Results: Alloxan-induced diabetic rats showed significant impairment in erectile function, libido, sperm quality, and testicular histology (p<0.001 vs control). Administration of black pepper extract at a dose of 122.5 mg/kgBB increased total penile reflexes (9.33 ± 1.03 vs 6.00 ± 1.26 in the diabetes group, p = 0.002) and improved libido with a decrease in courtship latency (5.50 ± 0.55 s vs 21.00 ± 9.47 s, p = 0.013) and increased mounting frequency (18.05 ± 5.99 vs 7.17 ± 1.83, p = 0.009). The extract dose of 245 mg/kgBB increased sperm concentration (158.16 ± 29.80 vs 12.6 ± 1.3 ×10⁶, p = 0.000), progresif sperm motility (65.0 ± 35% vs 27.0 ± 30%, p = 0.006), and increasing normal sperm morphology (82.9 ± 5.7% vs 35.0 ± 10.8%, p = 0.000). The number of Leydig cells increased significantly in the 122.5 mg/kgBB extract group (59.33 ± 4.08 & 30.50 ± 3.86; P = 0.000) compared to the diabetes group, There was no significant difference in spermatogonia count (640 ± 86.5 & 491 ± 37.0; p = 0.119).
Conclusion: Piper nigrum fruit extract ameliorates sexual dysfunction and reproductive impairment in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, particularly at 122.5 mg/kg BW, with significant improvements in erectile function, libido (p<0.05), sperm quality (p≤0.04), and testicular histology (p=0.035). These findings suggest its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for DM-related male reproductive dysfunction.
{"title":"Fruit Extract of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Ameliorate Male Reproductive Dysfunction in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Exsa Hadibrata, Sutyarso Sutyarso, Hendri Busman, Wawan Abdullah Setiawan, Nuning Nurcahyani, Syazili Mustofa, Ratna Dewi Ps","doi":"10.22037/uj.v23i00.8546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22037/uj.v23i00.8546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Diabetes mellitus is a chronic hyperglycemic condition leading to metabolic problems causing organ damage and resulting in serious complications. Long-term complications of diabetes can cause serious health problems, such as sexual and reproductive dysfunction in men and women. Black pepper (Piper nigrum L) is one of medicinal plants proven to increase testosterone hormone levels, sexual function (libido), and spermatogenesis parameters in male rats. In this study the effect of black pepper fruit extract on sexual function and reproductive function (fertility) in alloxan-induced diabetic male-rats were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Total of 30 male Sprague Dawley rats, Rattus norvegicus, aged 2.5 - 3 months weighing 100-150 g were divided into five groups of 6 individuals each. Group 1 (I) was rats that were only given standard feed. Group 2 (II) was alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats and given feed. Groups 3 (III) and group 4 (IV) were alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats and given black pepper extract 122.5 and 245 mg/kg BW respectively for 8 days. Group 5 (V) is alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats given Sildenafil therapy or Zinc plus Ascorbic acid. After treatment for 8 days the erectile function and libido of rats were assessed, followed by evaluation of spermatozoa and testicular histology. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with significance at p<0.05 Results: Alloxan-induced diabetic rats showed significant impairment in erectile function, libido, sperm quality, and testicular histology (p<0.001 vs control). Administration of black pepper extract at a dose of 122.5 mg/kgBB increased total penile reflexes (9.33 ± 1.03 vs 6.00 ± 1.26 in the diabetes group, p = 0.002) and improved libido with a decrease in courtship latency (5.50 ± 0.55 s vs 21.00 ± 9.47 s, p = 0.013) and increased mounting frequency (18.05 ± 5.99 vs 7.17 ± 1.83, p = 0.009). The extract dose of 245 mg/kgBB increased sperm concentration (158.16 ± 29.80 vs 12.6 ± 1.3 ×10⁶, p = 0.000), progresif sperm motility (65.0 ± 35% vs 27.0 ± 30%, p = 0.006), and increasing normal sperm morphology (82.9 ± 5.7% vs 35.0 ± 10.8%, p = 0.000). The number of Leydig cells increased significantly in the 122.5 mg/kgBB extract group (59.33 ± 4.08 & 30.50 ± 3.86; P = 0.000) compared to the diabetes group, There was no significant difference in spermatogonia count (640 ± 86.5 & 491 ± 37.0; p = 0.119).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Piper nigrum fruit extract ameliorates sexual dysfunction and reproductive impairment in alloxan-induced diabetic rats, particularly at 122.5 mg/kg BW, with significant improvements in erectile function, libido (p<0.05), sperm quality (p≤0.04), and testicular histology (p=0.035). These findings suggest its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for DM-related male reproductive dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23416,"journal":{"name":"Urology Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146094174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}