Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2023.1106
Juan Carlos Alvarado-Fernández, Carolina Salas-Rojas, Josimar Estrella-Morales, Rocío González, Juan Miguel Cordero-Solorzano, Olga Aguilar-Arguedas, Yinnel Soto-Araya, Diana Perez Villalobos, Bernal Leon
Rabies is a viral, lethal, and zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution, primarily transmitted through bites from infected dogs and bats. The Biosafety Laboratory (LSE-LANASEVE) of the Animal Health Service of Costa Rica (SENASA) serves as the national reference laboratory for diagnosing rabies in humans and animals. Since regional laboratories lack the equipment for the direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT), we evaluated the rapid immunochromatographic diagnostic test (RIDT) from BioNote, employing FAT as a reference, to improve rabies diagnosis. We analyzed 193 brain tissue samples between 2014 and 2019. Out of these, 174 came from species that RIDT has been validated for: bovines (162), dogs (10), and raccoons (2). The rest were from unvalidated species, including horses (7), humans (1), and others. Among the 174 validated samples, 26 bovine samples were positive for both RIDT and FAT. Reviewing all 193 samples, 28 were positive and 165 negative using both methods. Two horse samples presented inconsistencies, being positive on FAT but negative on RIDT; these were subsequently verified as false negatives by RT-PCR. RIDT exhibited a sensitivity of 94 % (CI95, 83.9-102.3), specificity of 100 %, positive predictive value (PPV) of 100 %, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 99 % (CI95, 97.1-100.5). RIDT has demonstrated reliability in quickly diagnosing rabies for validated species. We advise its application in SENASA's regional laboratories for those particular species. If there's uncertainty, samples should be sent to LSE-LANASEVE for FAT or RT-PCR confirmation.
{"title":"Evaluation of a rapid immunochromatographic assay for the diagnosis of rabies in regional laboratories of Costa Rica","authors":"Juan Carlos Alvarado-Fernández, Carolina Salas-Rojas, Josimar Estrella-Morales, Rocío González, Juan Miguel Cordero-Solorzano, Olga Aguilar-Arguedas, Yinnel Soto-Araya, Diana Perez Villalobos, Bernal Leon","doi":"10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2023.1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2023.1106","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies is a viral, lethal, and zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution, primarily transmitted through bites from infected dogs and bats. The Biosafety Laboratory (LSE-LANASEVE) of the Animal Health Service of Costa Rica (SENASA) serves as the national reference laboratory for diagnosing rabies in humans and animals. Since regional laboratories lack the equipment for the direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT), we evaluated the rapid immunochromatographic diagnostic test (RIDT) from BioNote, employing FAT as a reference, to improve rabies diagnosis. We analyzed 193 brain tissue samples between 2014 and 2019. Out of these, 174 came from species that RIDT has been validated for: bovines (162), dogs (10), and raccoons (2). The rest were from unvalidated species, including horses (7), humans (1), and others. Among the 174 validated samples, 26 bovine samples were positive for both RIDT and FAT. Reviewing all 193 samples, 28 were positive and 165 negative using both methods. Two horse samples presented inconsistencies, being positive on FAT but negative on RIDT; these were subsequently verified as false negatives by RT-PCR. RIDT exhibited a sensitivity of 94 % (CI95, 83.9-102.3), specificity of 100 %, positive predictive value (PPV) of 100 %, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 99 % (CI95, 97.1-100.5). RIDT has demonstrated reliability in quickly diagnosing rabies for validated species. We advise its application in SENASA's regional laboratories for those particular species. If there's uncertainty, samples should be sent to LSE-LANASEVE for FAT or RT-PCR confirmation.","PeriodicalId":23475,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria México OA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2023.1258
Edgar Aguilar-Urquizo, Erika Mercedes Marcín-Marrufo, Miguel Ángel Magaña-Magaña, Ángel Trinidad Piñeiro-Vázquez, Juan Felipe de Jesús Torres-Acosta, Mateo Itza-Ortiz
Gastrointestinal parasitosis constitutes important health problems, aggravating throughout the years, due to inadequate use of drugs for its control, causing anthelmintic resistance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of Azadirachta indica (AZA) and Moringa oleifera (MOR) extracts in inhibiting egg hatching and in vitro migration of Haemonchus contortus larvae. A completely randomized design of experiment was carried out, where 15 treatments and a dimethyl sulfoxide negative control were evaluated: MOR-75, MOR-50, MOR-25, MOR-12.5, and MOR-6.25 mg/mL; AZA-75, AZA-50, AZA-25, AZA-12.5, and AZA-6.25 mg/mL; and thiabendazole (TBZ) TBZ-200, TBZ-100, TBZ-40, TBZ-20, TBZ-10 µg/mL. The extracts did not inhibit egg hatching capacity; however, we observed a motility decrease of up to 100% in L1 larvae. The extracts affected larval migration (P < 0.0020) compared with controls (dimethyl sulfoxide and TBZ), with migration rate inhibition above 65 %. Probit analysis showed that the median effective concentrations were 60.41 and 65.69 mg/mL for M. oleifera and A. indica, respectively. The in vitro results suggest that the water extract of both plants has an anthelmintic action against gastrointestinal nematode larvae.
{"title":"Potential of plant extracts to inhibit egg hatching and migration of Haemonchus contortus larvae","authors":"Edgar Aguilar-Urquizo, Erika Mercedes Marcín-Marrufo, Miguel Ángel Magaña-Magaña, Ángel Trinidad Piñeiro-Vázquez, Juan Felipe de Jesús Torres-Acosta, Mateo Itza-Ortiz","doi":"10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2023.1258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2023.1258","url":null,"abstract":"Gastrointestinal parasitosis constitutes important health problems, aggravating throughout the years, due to inadequate use of drugs for its control, causing anthelmintic resistance. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of Azadirachta indica (AZA) and Moringa oleifera (MOR) extracts in inhibiting egg hatching and in vitro migration of Haemonchus contortus larvae. A completely randomized design of experiment was carried out, where 15 treatments and a dimethyl sulfoxide negative control were evaluated: MOR-75, MOR-50, MOR-25, MOR-12.5, and MOR-6.25 mg/mL; AZA-75, AZA-50, AZA-25, AZA-12.5, and AZA-6.25 mg/mL; and thiabendazole (TBZ) TBZ-200, TBZ-100, TBZ-40, TBZ-20, TBZ-10 µg/mL. The extracts did not inhibit egg hatching capacity; however, we observed a motility decrease of up to 100% in L1 larvae. The extracts affected larval migration (P < 0.0020) compared with controls (dimethyl sulfoxide and TBZ), with migration rate inhibition above 65 %. Probit analysis showed that the median effective concentrations were 60.41 and 65.69 mg/mL for M. oleifera and A. indica, respectively. The in vitro results suggest that the water extract of both plants has an anthelmintic action against gastrointestinal nematode larvae.","PeriodicalId":23475,"journal":{"name":"Veterinaria México OA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135665650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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