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Expression of HBs- and HBc-antigen in neoductular epithelium in chronic active hepatitis B. A further support for hepato-ductular metaplasia. 慢性活动性乙型肝炎患者肝小管上皮中HBs-和hbc抗原的表达进一步支持肝小管化生。
Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02899257
M Meybehm, H P Fischer, U Pfeifer

Biopsy specimens (n = 61) from patients with chronic active hepatitis B and progressive fibrosis (n = 61) were studied immunohistochemically to obtain information about the histogenesis of neoductules. All the biopsies contained clusters of oval-shaped cells often arranged in the form of neoductular aggregates. These expressed cytokeratins 7 and 19 which in the normal liver are found only in bile duct and ductular epithelium but not in hepatocytes. Using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies both hepatocytes and these oval neoductular cells were found to express HBs- and HBc-antigen in 15% and 20% of the biopsies, respectively. Taking into consideration the strong hepatocytotropism of the hepatitis B virus, the expression of HBV-antigens in neoductular cells suggest their development from HBV-infected hepatocytes. Using proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as a marker of cell proliferation positive staining was detected only in hepatocytes but not in neoductular cells. Taken together findings further support the concept of hepatoductular metaplasia in the histogenesis of so-called "proliferating" ductules. In general the data show that hepatitis B virus infection does not prevent hepatocytes from undergoing ductular metaplasia.

对慢性活动性乙型肝炎伴进行性纤维化(n = 61)患者的活检标本(n = 61)进行免疫组织化学研究,以获得有关肿瘤小管组织发生的信息。所有的活组织检查都含有卵形细胞簇,通常以小管聚集体的形式排列。正常肝脏中表达的细胞角蛋白7和19只存在于胆管和小管上皮中,而不存在于肝细胞中。使用单克隆和多克隆抗体,分别在15%和20%的活组织检查中发现肝细胞和这些卵圆形新管细胞表达HBs-和hbc -抗原。考虑到乙型肝炎病毒的强肝嗜性,在新管细胞中hbv抗原的表达表明它们是从hbv感染的肝细胞发展而来的。用增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)作为细胞增殖的标记物,仅在肝细胞中检测到阳性染色,而在肿瘤细胞中未检测到阳性染色。综上所述,研究结果进一步支持肝小管化生的概念,即所谓的“增殖”小管的组织发生。总的来说,资料显示乙型肝炎病毒感染并不能阻止肝细胞发生导管化生。
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引用次数: 10
Ultrastructural localization of amyloid beta/A4 protein precursor in the normal rat brain. 正常大鼠脑中β -淀粉样蛋白/A4蛋白前体的超微结构定位。
Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02899258
T Yamazaki, H Yamaguchi, T Kawarabayashi, S Hirai

The ultrastructural localization of amyloid beta/A4 protein precursor (APP) was studied immunohistochemically in normal rat brains using antibodies against different portions of APP. In cerebral cortical neurons and Purkinje cells. APP reaction products were located in the cytoplasm and on cell surface membranes. Some Golgi apparatuses and rough endoplasmic reticulum also showed APP immunoreactivity on their membranes and some vesicles near the trans face of the Golgi apparatuses were stained. In the neuropil of the cerebral cortex and the cerebellar molecular layer, many cell processes, which surrounded synapses and were considered to be astrocytic, were APP-positive. Foot processes around capillaries and subpial astrocytic processes were also immuno-positive. At the ultrastructural level, APP-positive astrocytic processes were identified.

采用免疫组织化学方法研究了正常大鼠脑中淀粉样蛋白β /A4蛋白前体(APP)的超微结构定位。APP反应产物位于细胞质和细胞膜表面。部分高尔基体和粗内质网在其膜上也表现出APP免疫反应性,高尔基体反面附近的一些囊泡被染色。在大脑皮层和小脑分子层的神经细胞中,突触周围的许多被认为是星形细胞的细胞突呈app阳性。毛细血管周围的足突和基底下星形细胞突也呈免疫阳性。在超微结构水平上,发现了app阳性的星形细胞过程。
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引用次数: 12
Inhibition of cellular autophagy in proximal tubular cells of the kidney in streptozotocin-diabetic and uninephrectomized rats. 链脲佐菌素糖尿病大鼠和未去肾大鼠肾近端小管细胞自噬的抑制作用。
Pub Date : 1992-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02890439
A de A Barbosa Júnior, H Zhou, D Hültenschmidt, V Totovic, N Jurilj, U Pfeifer

To examine the significance of anti-catabolism in renal hypertrophy, cellular autophagy was investigated by electron microscopic morphometry in proximal tubular cells (PTCs) of the outer cortex of the rat kidney after the induction of diabetes mellitus by streptozotocin (STZ) and after unilateral nephrectomy. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups and killed by retrograde perfusion fixation, 1, 2 and 3 days after the induction of diabetes (group D; n = 24), after unilateral nephrectomy (group N; n = 24) and after combined treatment (group DN; n = 24). Untreated, age-matched litter mates served as controls (group C; n = 24). By comparison with these controls, the left kidney to initial body weight ratio was increased by 8, 23, and 15% in group D animals, by 8, 23, and 24% in group N animals, and by 10, 21, and 25% in group DN animals at the first, second and third day, respectively. Quantitative evaluation of large test areas showed that the volume and numerical densities of autophagic vacuoles (AVs) in PTCs were significantly lower in these hypertrophed kidneys than in the controls. The average reduction in AV volume density was about 65% in group D animals, about 50% in group N animals and about 75% in group DN animals. These data show that autophagic degradation of cytoplasmic components in PTCs is inhibited in renal hypertrophy independently of the growth stimulus, i.e. uninephrectomy or diabetes. Since insulin per se inhibits cellular autophagy in PTCs, the expected effect of insulin dificiency seems to be counteracted by as yet undefined stimuli that may be related to metabolic work load.

为探讨抗分解代谢在肾脏肥大中的作用,采用电镜形态学观察了链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病和单侧肾切除术后大鼠肾脏外皮层近端小管细胞(ptc)的细胞自噬情况。将成年雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为3组,分别于诱导糖尿病后1、2、3天逆行灌注固定处死(D组;n = 24),单侧肾切除术后(n组;n = 24)及联合治疗后(DN组;N = 24)。未处理、年龄匹配的产仔作为对照组(C组;N = 24)。与对照组相比,D组在第1、2、3天时左肾与初始体重之比分别提高了8、23、15%,N组提高了8、23、24%,DN组提高了10、21、25%。大测试区域的定量评估显示,在这些肥大肾脏的ptc中,自噬液泡(AVs)的体积和数值密度明显低于对照组。D组平均降低房室体积密度约65%,N组平均降低50%,DN组平均降低75%。这些数据表明,ptc细胞质成分的自噬降解在肾肥大中被抑制,而不依赖于生长刺激,即未肾切除术或糖尿病。由于胰岛素本身抑制ptc的细胞自噬,胰岛素缺乏的预期影响似乎被尚未定义的可能与代谢工作负荷相关的刺激所抵消。
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引用次数: 45
Intraperitoneal amyloid formation by amyloid enhancing factor--rich macrophages in ascitic fluid. 腹水中富含淀粉样蛋白增强因子的巨噬细胞在腹腔内形成淀粉样蛋白。
Pub Date : 1992-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02899688
K Miura, S Baba, H Shirasawa, S T Ju, A S Cohen, T Shirahama

Although resident peritoneal cells from amyloidotic mice (amyloidotic peritoneal cells) are capable of processing the precursor protein of secondary amyloidosis, serum amyloid A (SAA) to amyloid fibrils, the peritoneum is a rare site for amyloid deposition. This is considered to be due to a deficiency of SAA in the peritoneum. To increase the supply of SAA to the peritoneum, ascitic fluid containing about the same protein constituents as in the serum was induced in mice. Amyloidotic peritoneal cells were packed in a microchamber which was shielded with filter membranes, and cultured in ascitic fluid supplemented with additional inflammatory factors. On the 7th day, Congo red-positive structures which showed green birefringence under polarized light were found inside and occasionally outside the chamber. By anti-AA or -SAA immunostaining, amyloid deposits and the cell surfaces of macrophages were positive. Immunologic depletion of T- and B-lymphocytes from the amyloidotic peritoneal cells did not adversely effect the amyloid formation in microchambers. These results suggest that either ascitic fluid containing sufficient amounts of SAA, or peritoneal macrophages with a high amyloid enhancing factor (AEF) activity are indispensable for AA amyloid fibrillogenesis in the peritoneum.

虽然来自淀粉样变小鼠的腹膜细胞(淀粉样腹膜细胞)能够将继发性淀粉样变的前体蛋白,血清淀粉样蛋白A (SAA)加工成淀粉样原纤维,但腹膜是淀粉样蛋白沉积的罕见部位。这被认为是由于腹膜中SAA的缺乏。为了增加SAA向腹膜的供应,在小鼠体内诱导了含有与血清中相同蛋白质成分的腹水。淀粉样腹膜细胞被包裹在过滤膜屏蔽的微室中,并在补充了额外炎症因子的腹水中培养。第7天,箱体内外均可见刚果红阳性结构,在偏振光下呈绿色双折射。通过抗aa或-SAA免疫染色,巨噬细胞的淀粉样蛋白沉积和细胞表面呈阳性。来自淀粉样腹膜细胞的T淋巴细胞和b淋巴细胞的免疫耗损对微室中淀粉样蛋白的形成没有不利影响。这些结果表明,腹水中含有足量的SAA或具有高淀粉样蛋白增强因子(AEF)活性的腹膜巨噬细胞是腹膜中AA淀粉样蛋白纤维形成所必需的。
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引用次数: 0
Visualization and rapid quantification of autoradiographic labeling in scanning electron microscopy applied to localization of receptor sites on the surface of whole cells. 扫描电镜中应用于全细胞表面受体定位的放射自显影标记的可视化和快速定量。
Pub Date : 1992-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02899707
C Péchoux, J Boumendil, D Dolbeau, C Souchier, L Frappart

The use of backscattered electron imaging (BEI) as a routine procedure for examining autoradiographic reactions in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is described. This technique allows the determination of the number of receptor sites occupied by 125I-epidermal growth factor (EGF) on whole cells. The effect of 1.25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25 (OH)2D3) on the number of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGF-R) in the BT 20 human mammary carcinoma cell line (which is known to possess a very high number of EGF-R) has been evaluated with this method. To compare the silver grain density over the cells (controls and 1,25 (OH)2D3-treated cells) we used an image analysis system Quantimet 900. The results were compared with those of a previous study using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This study confirmed the results obtained with TEM and showed the even distribution of receptors sites on a single cell and a large difference in the number of receptor sites from one cell to another. The use of BEI to visualize the autoradiographic reaction in SEM allowed the examination of a large surface with good contrast and resolution and eliminated artefacts not corresponding to the silver grains. It gave new information not delivered by quantitative TEM autoradiography and was easier and faster to use. The efficient use of SEM autoradiography combined with BEI could facilitate whole area distribution mapping of radioactive labeling.

描述了在扫描电子显微镜(SEM)中使用背散射电子成像(BEI)作为检查放射自显影反应的常规程序。该技术可以测定125i -表皮生长因子(EGF)在整个细胞上占据的受体位点的数量。用这种方法评价了1.25双羟基维生素D3 (1,25 (OH)2D3)对BT 20人乳腺癌细胞系(已知具有非常高的EGF-R数量)中表皮生长因子受体(EGF-R)数量的影响。为了比较细胞(对照和1,25 (OH) 2d3处理的细胞)上的银颗粒密度,我们使用了图像分析系统Quantimet 900。用透射电子显微镜(TEM)与先前的研究结果进行了比较。本研究证实了TEM得到的结果,表明受体位点在单个细胞上分布均匀,不同细胞间受体位点数量差异较大。利用BEI在SEM中可视化放射自成像反应,可以检查具有良好对比度和分辨率的大表面,并消除与银颗粒不对应的伪影。它提供了定量透射电镜放射自显像无法提供的新信息,使用起来更容易、更快捷。有效地利用扫描电镜放射自显影技术结合BEI,可以方便放射性标记的全区域分布作图。
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引用次数: 0
Langerhans cells in the lymph node: mirror section and immunoelectron microscopic studies. 淋巴结中的朗格汉斯细胞:镜像切片和免疫电镜研究。
Pub Date : 1992-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02890436
M Shamoto, M Shinzato, S Hosokawa, C Kaneko, T Hakuno, K Nomoto

Cells immunostained with antibodies against both OKT-6 and S-100 protein were observed only in superficial and hilar lymph nodes draining tissues with predominantly squamous epithelia. In contrast, in mesenteric lymph nodes and the spleen, only S-100 protein-positive, but OKT-6-negative cells were found. We suspect that the S-100 and OKT-6-positive cells might be Langerhans cells (LC) and the S-100-positive, OKT-6-negative cells, interdigitating reticulum cells (IDC). We further postulate that the LC in superficial and hilar lymph nodes might migrate from squamous epithelia, with which contact is required for the formation of Birbeck granules.

用OKT-6和S-100蛋白抗体免疫染色的细胞仅在以鳞状上皮为主的浅表和淋巴结排液组织中观察到。而在肠系膜淋巴结和脾脏中,只有S-100蛋白阳性,而okt -6阴性。我们怀疑S-100和okt -6阳性的细胞可能是朗格汉斯细胞(LC),而S-100阳性、okt -6阴性的细胞可能是交错网状细胞(IDC)。我们进一步假设,浅层淋巴结和淋巴结门部淋巴结中的LC可能从鳞状上皮迁移而来,与鳞状上皮接触是形成Birbeck颗粒所必需的。
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引用次数: 16
Atypical micromegakaryocytes, promegakaryoblasts and megakaryoblasts: a critical evaluation by immunohistochemistry, cytochemistry and morphometry of bone marrow trephines in chronic myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. 非典型微巨核细胞、前巨核母细胞和巨核母细胞:慢性髓性白血病和骨髓增生异常综合征患者骨髓trephines的免疫组织化学、细胞化学和形态计量学的关键评估。
Pub Date : 1992-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02899693
J Thiele, B R Titius, C Kopsidis, R Fischer

A morphometric analysis of bone marrow trephine biopsies has been performed to study the frequency and planimetric characteristics of so-called atypical micromegakaryocytes in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In addition, an attempt was made to discriminate this particular cell population from small immature elements of megakaryocytopoiesis, such as promegakaryoblasts and megakaryoblasts. The staining reactions employed included periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) and immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody against platelet glycoprotein IIIa (Y2/51-CD61). Comparison of the various staining reactions applied to the different megakaryocytic elements together with morphometric measurements resulted in a clearcut identification of promegakaryoblasts. These were defined as the earliest immature and exclusively CD61-positive precursors. Atypical micromegakaryocytes were characterized by their dysplastic features and strong ANAE reactivity in addition to their positive CD61 staining. When stringent diagnostic criteria (diameter ranging between 10 to 15 microns, mean size about 12 microns) were applied, this abnormal cell population comprised less than 10% of total megakaryocytopoiesis in CML and MDS. It may be assumed that dysmegakaryocytic features in the latter disorders are partially generated by small to medium-sized megakaryocytes (diameter less than 30 microns). In conclusion, the relative frequency of promegakaryoblasts in the normal bone marrow (range 6-8%) is confirmed by evaluation of the immunohistochemical and cytochemical staining methods (CD61 and ANAE). Furthermore, the ANAE reaction facilitates the recognition of atypical micromegakaryocytes as well as small megakaryocytes. Thus cytochemistry provides a better insight into alterations of these cell lineages in various pathological conditions.

对慢性髓性白血病(CML)和骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)中所谓的非典型微巨核细胞进行了形态学分析,以研究其频率和平面特征。此外,还尝试将这种特殊的细胞群与巨核细胞形成的小的未成熟元素(如原巨核母细胞和巨核母细胞)区分开来。染色反应包括周期性酸-希夫(PAS)、α -乙酸萘酯酶(ANAE)和抗血小板糖蛋白IIIa (Y2/51-CD61)单克隆抗体免疫组化。将不同的染色反应应用于不同的巨核细胞元素,并结合形态计量学测量结果,可以清楚地识别出原巨核细胞。这些被定义为最早的未成熟的和完全cd61阳性的前体。非典型微巨核细胞除CD61染色阳性外,还具有发育异常特征和较强的ANAE反应性。当采用严格的诊断标准(直径范围在10至15微米之间,平均大小约为12微米)时,这种异常细胞群占CML和MDS中巨核细胞生成总量的不到10%。可以认为,后一种疾病的巨核异常特征部分是由小到中等大小的巨核细胞(直径小于30微米)产生的。综上所述,通过免疫组织化学和细胞化学染色方法(CD61和ANAE)的评估,证实了正常骨髓中成核细胞的相对频率(范围为6-8%)。此外,ANAE反应有利于非典型微巨核细胞和小巨核细胞的识别。因此,细胞化学可以更好地了解这些细胞系在各种病理条件下的变化。
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引用次数: 20
Establishment and characterization of a human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line with oxyphilic differentiation (ONCO-DG 1). 人甲状腺乳头状癌嗜氧分化细胞系ONCO-DG - 1的建立与鉴定。
Pub Date : 1992-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02899670
D Grimm, F Hofstädter, J Bauer, T Spruss, P Steinbach, G Bernhardt, R Menze

In the present study the establishment and characterization of a new oxyphilic papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line--ONCO-DG1- is given. With immunohistological, histochemical and flow cytometric methods, ONCO-DG 1 cells revealed features of epithelial differentiation. Furthermore the cells formed von Kossa-positive deposits resembling psammoma bodies in monolayer and spheroid culture until late passages. The tumor cell line is now in the 40th subculture. Because of the ability to form multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS), this cell line is a good model for examining the interaction between thyroid tumor cells and confluent human endothelial cells on extracellular matrix in vitro. It is also suitable for xenotransplantation studies, because it is tumorigenic in NMRI nude mice in vivo.

本文报道了一种新的亲氧性甲状腺乳头状癌细胞系ONCO-DG1的建立和鉴定。通过免疫组织学、组织化学和流式细胞术检测,ONCO-DG - 1细胞显示出上皮分化的特征。此外,细胞在单层和球形培养中形成类似沙粒体的von kossa阳性沉积物,直到传代后期。肿瘤细胞系现在处于第40次传代培养。由于能够形成多细胞肿瘤球体(MCTS),该细胞系是体外研究甲状腺肿瘤细胞与融合的人内皮细胞在细胞外基质上相互作用的良好模型。它也适用于异种移植研究,因为它在NMRI裸鼠体内具有致瘤性。
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引用次数: 13
Autometallographic detection of mercury in rat spinal cord after treatment with organic mercury. 有机汞处理后大鼠脊髓汞的自金相检测。
Pub Date : 1992-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02890432
J D Schiønning, B Møller-Madsen

Autometallography was used to localize mercury in rat spinal cord after intraperitoneal administration of methylmercuric chloride (200 micrograms CH3HgCl daily). The technique permits small amounts of mercury sulfides and mercury selenides to be visualized by silver-enhancement. Mercury deposits were observed by light microscopy only in neurons. In all of the spinal cord segments selected (first cervical segment, C1; fifth cervical segment, C5; sixth thoracic segment, T6; and first lumbar segment, L1) the mercury was observed with cumulative dosages of 6000 micrograms CH3HgCl and greater. Laminae VII, VIII, and IX contained the majority of stained neurons, whereas laminae IV, V, VI, and X had a relatively lower density of mercury-containing neurons. Stained neurons were confined to specific cell groups, such as Clarke's column, nucleus intermedio-lateralis, nucleus cervicalis centralis, and nucleus dorsomedialis. At the ultrastructural level, mercury deposits were restricted to lysosomes of neurons and occasional accumulations in the lysosomes of ependymal cells.

采用自金相法测定大鼠腹腔注射氯化甲基汞(每天200微克CH3HgCl)后脊髓内汞的位置。该技术允许少量的硫化汞和硒化汞通过银增强可见。光镜下仅在神经元中观察到汞沉积。在所有选定的脊髓节段(第一颈椎节段,C1;颈第五节,C5;第六胸节,T6;累积剂量为6000微克CH3HgCl或更高时,观察到第一腰椎节段(L1)的汞含量。染色的神经元以第七、八、九层为主,而含汞神经元密度相对较低的是第四、五、六、十层。染色的神经元局限于特定的细胞组,如克拉克柱、中外侧核、颈中央核和背内侧核。在超微结构水平上,汞沉积仅限于神经元溶酶体,偶有室管膜细胞溶酶体的积累。
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引用次数: 12
Vitamin A deficiency and inflammation: the pivotal role of secretory cells in the development of atrophic, hyperplastic and metaplastic change in the tracheal epithelium in vivo. 维生素A缺乏和炎症:分泌细胞在体内气管上皮萎缩、增生和化生变化发展中的关键作用。
Pub Date : 1992-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/BF02890441
X M Zhang, E M McDowell

We showed previously that the proliferation of hamster airway secretory cells decreases during vitamin A deficiency (VAD) but later increases when submucosal inflammation develops (Virchows Arch [B] 59:231-242, 1990). This observation has important biological implications since two morphological extremes (atrophy and quiescence versus hyperplasia and hyperproliferation) are reported in the literature for VAD tracheal epithelium in vivo. In the present study, histological slides of tracheal rings from 35-day-old control and VAD hamsters (Virchows Arch [B] 45:197-219, 1984) were reviewed again. Rings from VAD hamsters were selected based on the absence or presence of a florid submucosal inflammation. Quantitative analyses were made on the cartilaginous part of rings from the anterior third of the trachea. When inflammation was absent, a mucociliary pseudostratified epithelium was, for the most part, maintained. The mitotic rate (MR, 6 h colchicine blockade) of secretory cells was markedly reduced (29-fold) but that of basal cells was not changed significantly. Moreover, cell density was not changed by VAD but ciliated cells and secretory cells were decreased and basal cells were increased, proportionally. We call this "minimal morphological change." Thinning (atrophy) of the minimally changed epithelium was associated with focal cell sloughing. Small scattered foci of epidermoid metaplasia (multiple layers of highly keratinized cells which were extremely flat, so that the epithelium was thin and attenuated) were also seen. We call this "atrophic epidermoid metaplasia." When inflammation was present, hyperplastic changes (stratification and epidermoid metaplasia) predominated and cells were in mitosis at all epithelial levels (low, middle, superficial) except in the most superficial (terminally differentiated) squames. The tracheal epithelium was thickened and hypercellular. The cells were piled up at the stratified lesions, and epithelial height, cell density and epithelial MR were significantly increased compared with the non-inflamed VAD epithelium. The effects of VAD and inflammation on cell proliferation were analyzed further by studying 7 h bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labelling patterns of cells in VAD tracheal epithelium, with and without submucosal inflammation. In addition, inflammation was induced in "minimally changed epithelium" by mild mechanical injury. The BrdU labelling patterns confirmed that DNA synthesis by secretory cells is reduced markedly by VAD. However, this suppression is overidden by the influx of inflammatory cells (the nature of the stimulus is unknown). The results indicate that the morphological contrasts (atrophy and hyperplasia) seen in the trachea during VAD in vivo are related to extremes in proliferation rates of tracheal secretory cells, regulated by VAD alone (minimal replication) and by inflammation (maximal replication).

我们先前的研究表明,仓鼠气道分泌细胞的增殖在维生素A缺乏症(VAD)时减少,但在粘膜下炎症发生时增加(Virchows Arch [B] 59:31 - 242,1990)。这一观察结果具有重要的生物学意义,因为文献中报道了VAD气管上皮的两种极端形态(萎缩和静止与增生和过度增生)。本研究再次回顾了35日龄对照组和VAD仓鼠气管环的组织学切片(Virchows Arch [B] 45:197-219, 1984)。来自VAD仓鼠的环是根据有无粘膜下炎症来选择的。定量分析气管前三分之一环的软骨部分。当没有炎症时,粘膜纤毛假层状上皮在大多数情况下保持不变。分泌细胞的有丝分裂率(MR,秋水仙碱阻断6 h)明显降低(29倍),而基底细胞的有丝分裂率无明显变化。VAD对细胞密度无明显影响,但纤毛细胞和分泌细胞呈比例减少,基底细胞呈比例增加。我们称之为“最小形态变化”。最小改变的上皮变薄(萎缩)与局灶性细胞脱落有关。小的散在灶的表皮样化生(多层高度角化的细胞非常扁平,因此上皮薄而变弱)。我们称之为“萎缩性表皮样化生”。当存在炎症时,增生改变(分层和表皮样化生)占主导地位,除最浅层(终末分化)鳞片外,所有上皮水平(低、中、浅)的细胞都处于有丝分裂状态。气管上皮增厚,细胞增多。细胞在分层病变处堆积,上皮高度、细胞密度和上皮MR较未炎症的VAD上皮明显升高。通过观察有无粘膜下炎症的VAD气管上皮细胞7 h BrdU标记模式,进一步分析VAD和炎症对细胞增殖的影响。此外,轻度机械损伤在“最小改变上皮”中诱导炎症。BrdU标记模式证实VAD显著降低了分泌细胞的DNA合成。然而,这种抑制被炎症细胞的涌入所覆盖(刺激的性质尚不清楚)。结果表明,体内VAD期间气管的形态差异(萎缩和增生)与气管分泌细胞增殖率的极端变化有关,这是由VAD单独(最小复制)和炎症(最大复制)调节的。
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引用次数: 12
期刊
Virchows Archiv. B, Cell pathology including molecular pathology
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