Pub Date : 2020-06-11DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-90832/v1
I. Schäfer, B. Kohn, M. Volkmann, E. Müller
Background: Blood-feeding arthropods can transmit parasitic, bacterial, or viral pathogens to domestic animals and wildlife. Vector-borne infections are gaining significance due to the increase of travel, import of domestic animals from abroad, and due to the changing climate in Europe. The main objective of this retrospective study was to assess the prevalence of some vector-borne infections in cats in which a ‘Feline Travel Profile’ had been conducted. Methods: This retrospective study included test results from cats for which a ‘Feline Travel Profile’ established by the laboratory LABOKLIN had been requested by veterinarians in Germany between April 2012 and March 2020. This above-mentioned diagnostic panel contains direct detection methods via PCR for Hepatozoon spp. and Dirofilaria spp. as well as indirect detection methods via IFAT for Ehrlichia spp. and Leishmania spp. The profile was expanded to include an IFAT for Rickettsia spp. from July 2015 onwards. The prevalence of the different vector-borne infectious agents was calculated. Results: A total of 624 cats were tested using the ‘Feline Travel Profile’. Serological samples for indirect detection methods were available for all 624 cats, EDTA-samples for direct detection methods for 618 cats. Positive test results were as follows: Ehrlichia spp. IFAT 73 out of 624 (12%), Leishmania spp. IFAT 22 out of 624 (4%), Hepatozoon spp. PCR 53 out of 618 (9%), Dirofilaria spp. PCR 1 out of 618 cats (0.2%) and, tested from July 2015 onwards, Rickettsia spp. IFAT 52 out of 467 cats (11%). At least one infection was present in 175 out of 624 cats. Three coinfections were detected before 2015; after including the Rickettsia spp. test results there were 19 cats with confections (in 14 out of these 19 cats Rickettsia spp. were involved).Conclusions: 175 out of 624 cats (28%) were tested positive for at least one vector-borne pathogen. Infections with multiple pathogens could be detected in 4% of the cats from 2012 to 2020. The data emphasizes the importance of considering the above-mentioned vector-borne infections as potential differential diagnoses in cats.
{"title":"Retrospective Evaluation of Vector-borne Infections in Cats Living in Germany (2012-2020)","authors":"I. Schäfer, B. Kohn, M. Volkmann, E. Müller","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-90832/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-90832/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: Blood-feeding arthropods can transmit parasitic, bacterial, or viral pathogens to domestic animals and wildlife. Vector-borne infections are gaining significance due to the increase of travel, import of domestic animals from abroad, and due to the changing climate in Europe. The main objective of this retrospective study was to assess the prevalence of some vector-borne infections in cats in which a ‘Feline Travel Profile’ had been conducted. Methods: This retrospective study included test results from cats for which a ‘Feline Travel Profile’ established by the laboratory LABOKLIN had been requested by veterinarians in Germany between April 2012 and March 2020. This above-mentioned diagnostic panel contains direct detection methods via PCR for Hepatozoon spp. and Dirofilaria spp. as well as indirect detection methods via IFAT for Ehrlichia spp. and Leishmania spp. The profile was expanded to include an IFAT for Rickettsia spp. from July 2015 onwards. The prevalence of the different vector-borne infectious agents was calculated. Results: A total of 624 cats were tested using the ‘Feline Travel Profile’. Serological samples for indirect detection methods were available for all 624 cats, EDTA-samples for direct detection methods for 618 cats. Positive test results were as follows: Ehrlichia spp. IFAT 73 out of 624 (12%), Leishmania spp. IFAT 22 out of 624 (4%), Hepatozoon spp. PCR 53 out of 618 (9%), Dirofilaria spp. PCR 1 out of 618 cats (0.2%) and, tested from July 2015 onwards, Rickettsia spp. IFAT 52 out of 467 cats (11%). At least one infection was present in 175 out of 624 cats. Three coinfections were detected before 2015; after including the Rickettsia spp. test results there were 19 cats with confections (in 14 out of these 19 cats Rickettsia spp. were involved).Conclusions: 175 out of 624 cats (28%) were tested positive for at least one vector-borne pathogen. Infections with multiple pathogens could be detected in 4% of the cats from 2012 to 2020. The data emphasizes the importance of considering the above-mentioned vector-borne infections as potential differential diagnoses in cats.","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89986486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-18DOI: 10.5958/2230-732X.2017.00089.4
A. Khound, Anamika Yadav, Avinash Kumar, S. Sarkar
Venturi system helps to air drawn into a flowing stream of water transferring the oxygen from air to water till they reach the water surface and burst due to Bernoulli’s principle in form of bubbles. The efficacy of venturi as an aeration device is primarily dependent on the geometry and the flow conditions prevailing inside. Presently, the diameter and placement of holes in a venturi under different flow conditions was studied to determine the performance of the venturi as an aerator. To evaluate the results, SOTR and SAE were calculated and compared for analyse their performance. The study involved selecting 5 different throat lengths each having multiple hole of 1 mm diameter. The hole distance from the start of the throat section, which has been characterised as the effective distance (ED) has been so selected that all the ED’s are different. The ED’s selected for study varied from 2 mm to 46 mm under three different discharges of 1.72 m3/h, 2.02 m3/h and 2.38 m3/h. Firstly, it was observed from the experiments that the venturi performs best when the ED is less. Secondly, it was also observed that both SOTR and SAE are more for higher discharge. Next, it was also found that increasing the throat length beyond a certain value has a negative effect on the SOTR and SAE. It was also observed that among all the possible combinations the best was for the 10 mm throat section with the hole situated just adjacent to the start of the throat section and performing at a high discharge.
{"title":"Influence of Throat Length and Flow Parameters on a Venturi as an Aerator","authors":"A. Khound, Anamika Yadav, Avinash Kumar, S. Sarkar","doi":"10.5958/2230-732X.2017.00089.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5958/2230-732X.2017.00089.4","url":null,"abstract":"Venturi system helps to air drawn into a flowing stream of water transferring the oxygen from air to water till they reach the water surface and burst due to Bernoulli’s principle in form of bubbles. The efficacy of venturi as an aeration device is primarily dependent on the geometry and the flow conditions prevailing inside. Presently, the diameter and placement of holes in a venturi under different flow conditions was studied to determine the performance of the venturi as an aerator. To evaluate the results, SOTR and SAE were calculated and compared for analyse their performance. The study involved selecting 5 different throat lengths each having multiple hole of 1 mm diameter. The hole distance from the start of the throat section, which has been characterised as the effective distance (ED) has been so selected that all the ED’s are different. The ED’s selected for study varied from 2 mm to 46 mm under three different discharges of 1.72 m3/h, 2.02 m3/h and 2.38 m3/h. Firstly, it was observed from the experiments that the venturi performs best when the ED is less. Secondly, it was also observed that both SOTR and SAE are more for higher discharge. Next, it was also found that increasing the throat length beyond a certain value has a negative effect on the SOTR and SAE. It was also observed that among all the possible combinations the best was for the 10 mm throat section with the hole situated just adjacent to the start of the throat section and performing at a high discharge.","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73304563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-08-07DOI: 10.31274/ANS_AIR-180814-365
A. R. Elbetagy, F. Bertolini, Damarius S. Fleming, A. V. Goor, C. Schmidt, S. Lamont, M. Rothschild
In Africa, where general breeding and vaccination programs for chickensare absent, natural selection is a major factorin shaping genetic variation for adaptation to abiotic and biotic environmental stressors, e.g. heat, highaltitude and disease.In this study two groups of chicken populations adapted to two different environments (North-African, and West-African), in addition to a synthetic commercial breed (Kuroiler),were genomicallycompared. Genomic comparison using SNPs between suchunselected populations and the selected and genetically improved commercial one willlikely result in detection of natural selection footprints and genes responsible for adaptation traits. Thisinformation may assistimproving commercial linesto be more tolerant/resistant under expected climate change. Knowledge ofgenes involved inimmunity and diseaseresistance could be utilized for genome selection and lessen the utilization of antibioticswhich will increase chicken meat/egg quality for American consumers.
{"title":"Evidence of Natural Selection Footprints among Some African Chicken Breeds and Village Ecotypes","authors":"A. R. Elbetagy, F. Bertolini, Damarius S. Fleming, A. V. Goor, C. Schmidt, S. Lamont, M. Rothschild","doi":"10.31274/ANS_AIR-180814-365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31274/ANS_AIR-180814-365","url":null,"abstract":"In Africa, where general breeding and vaccination programs for chickensare absent, natural selection is a major factorin shaping genetic variation for adaptation to abiotic and biotic environmental stressors, e.g. heat, highaltitude and disease.In this study two groups of chicken populations adapted to two different environments (North-African, and West-African), in addition to a synthetic commercial breed (Kuroiler),were genomicallycompared. Genomic comparison using SNPs between suchunselected populations and the selected and genetically improved commercial one willlikely result in detection of natural selection footprints and genes responsible for adaptation traits. Thisinformation may assistimproving commercial linesto be more tolerant/resistant under expected climate change. Knowledge ofgenes involved inimmunity and diseaseresistance could be utilized for genome selection and lessen the utilization of antibioticswhich will increase chicken meat/egg quality for American consumers.","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83035304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To propose a simpler tool that eliminates the age-long problems associated with the traditional index method for selection of multiple traits in broilers, the Barttlet factor regression equation is being proposed as an alternative selection tool. 100 day-old chicks each of Arbor Acres (AA) and Annak (AN) broiler strains were obtained from two rival hatcheries in Ibadan Nigeria. These were raised on deep litter system in a 56-day feeding trial in the University of Ibadan Teaching and Research Farm, located in South-west Tropical Nigeria. The body weight and body dimensions were measured and recorded during the trial period. Eight (8) zoometric measurements namely Live weight (g), Abdominal Circumference, Abdominal length, Breast width, leg length, Height, Wing length and Thigh circumference (all in cm) were recorded randomly from 20 birds within strain, at a fixed time on the first day of the new week respectively with a 5-kg capacity Camry scale. These records were analyzed and compared using completely randomized design (CRD) of SPSS analytical software, with the means procedure, Factor Scores (FS) in stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) procedure for initial live weight equations. Bartlett Factor Score (BFS) analysis extracted 2 factors for each strain, termed Body-length and Thigh-meatiness Factors for AA, and; Breast Size and Height Factors for AN. These derived orthogonal factors assisted in deducing and comparing traitcombinations that best describe body conformation and Meatiness in experimental broilers. BFS procedure yielded different body conformational traits for the two strains, thus indicating the different economic traits and advantages of strains. These Factors could be useful as selection criteria for improving desired economic traits. The final Bartlett Factor Regression equations for prediction of body weight were highly significant with P<0.0001, R2 of 0.92 and above, VIF of 1.00, and DW of 1.90 and 1.47 for Arbor Acres and Annak respectively. These FSR equations could be used as a simple and potent tool for selection during poultry flock improvement, it could also be used to estimate selection index of flocks to discriminate between strains, and evaluate consumer preference traits in broilers.
{"title":"Bartlett Factor Scores in Multiple Linear Regression Equation as a Tool for Estimating Economic Traits in Broilers","authors":"O. Jesuyon","doi":"10.33128/S.71.1-2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33128/S.71.1-2.3","url":null,"abstract":"To propose a simpler tool that eliminates the age-long problems associated with the traditional index method for selection of multiple traits in broilers, the Barttlet factor regression equation is being proposed as an alternative selection tool. 100 day-old chicks each of Arbor Acres (AA) and Annak (AN) broiler strains were obtained from two rival hatcheries in Ibadan Nigeria. These were raised on deep litter system in a 56-day feeding trial in the University of Ibadan Teaching and Research Farm, located in South-west Tropical Nigeria. The body weight and body dimensions were measured and recorded during the trial period. Eight (8) zoometric measurements namely Live weight (g), Abdominal Circumference, Abdominal length, Breast width, leg length, Height, Wing length and Thigh circumference (all in cm) were recorded randomly from 20 birds within strain, at a fixed time on the first day of the new week respectively with a 5-kg capacity Camry scale. These records were analyzed and compared using completely randomized design (CRD) of SPSS analytical software, with the means procedure, Factor Scores (FS) in stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) procedure for initial live weight equations. Bartlett Factor Score (BFS) analysis extracted 2 factors for each strain, termed Body-length and Thigh-meatiness Factors for AA, and; Breast Size and Height Factors for AN. These derived orthogonal factors assisted in deducing and comparing traitcombinations that best describe body conformation and Meatiness in experimental broilers. BFS procedure yielded different body conformational traits for the two strains, thus indicating the different economic traits and advantages of strains. These Factors could be useful as selection criteria for improving desired economic traits. The final Bartlett Factor Regression equations for prediction of body weight were highly significant with P<0.0001, R2 of 0.92 and above, VIF of 1.00, and DW of 1.90 and 1.47 for Arbor Acres and Annak respectively. These FSR equations could be used as a simple and potent tool for selection during poultry flock improvement, it could also be used to estimate selection index of flocks to discriminate between strains, and evaluate consumer preference traits in broilers.","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72934484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-23DOI: 10.22069/PSJ.2017.12411.1233
A. G. Miah, H. Tsujii, U. Salma, I. Takeda
The study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary Selenium-enriched radish sprouts (Se-RS), Vitamin E (Vit E), and Rhodobacter capsulatus (RC) on immunity, cholesterol concentration, and fatty acid composition in broiler meat. A total of 100 two-week-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five dietary groups: I) Control; II) Se-RS (5 μg/kg Se-RS); III) Se-RS+RC (5 μg/kg Se-RS + 0.2 g/kg RC); IV) Se-RS+Vit E (5 μg/kg Se-RS + 50 mg/kg Vit E) and V) Se-RS+RC+Vit E (5 μg/kg Se-RS + 0.2 g/kg RC + 50 mg/kg Vit E). Diets and clean drinking water were offered ad libitum. After the end of 3-wk of feeding period, serum cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in broilers fed Se-RS + RC + Vit E supplemented diet compared to the control diet. At the end of the 6-wk feeding period, birds fed the Se-RS+RC+Vit E diet significantly (P < 0.05) reduced cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations and improved the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in broiler meat. The highest (P < 0.05) number of leukocytes was observed in broilers fed Se-RS+RC+Vit E supplemented diet. Foot web index and weights of spleen, bursa, and thymus were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in birds fed Se-RS+RC+Vit E compared to the control diet. Our findings suggest that there are dual benefits of supplementing broiler diets with Se-RS+RC+Vit E because of improvements in the bird’s immunity and meat quality that is important for health conscious consumers.
{"title":"Dietary Effect of Selenium-Enriched Radish Sprouts, Vitamin E and Rhodobacter Capsulatus on Hypocholesterolemia and Immunity of Broiler","authors":"A. G. Miah, H. Tsujii, U. Salma, I. Takeda","doi":"10.22069/PSJ.2017.12411.1233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22069/PSJ.2017.12411.1233","url":null,"abstract":"The study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary Selenium-enriched radish sprouts (Se-RS), Vitamin E (Vit E), and Rhodobacter capsulatus (RC) on immunity, cholesterol concentration, and fatty acid composition in broiler meat. A total of 100 two-week-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five dietary groups: I) Control; II) Se-RS (5 μg/kg Se-RS); III) Se-RS+RC (5 μg/kg Se-RS + 0.2 g/kg RC); IV) Se-RS+Vit E (5 μg/kg Se-RS + 50 mg/kg Vit E) and V) Se-RS+RC+Vit E (5 μg/kg Se-RS + 0.2 g/kg RC + 50 mg/kg Vit E). Diets and clean drinking water were offered ad libitum. After the end of 3-wk of feeding period, serum cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in broilers fed Se-RS + RC + Vit E supplemented diet compared to the control diet. At the end of the 6-wk feeding period, birds fed the Se-RS+RC+Vit E diet significantly (P < 0.05) reduced cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations and improved the ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids in broiler meat. The highest (P < 0.05) number of leukocytes was observed in broilers fed Se-RS+RC+Vit E supplemented diet. Foot web index and weights of spleen, bursa, and thymus were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in birds fed Se-RS+RC+Vit E compared to the control diet. Our findings suggest that there are dual benefits of supplementing broiler diets with Se-RS+RC+Vit E because of improvements in the bird’s immunity and meat quality that is important for health conscious consumers.","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90998980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-02-07DOI: 10.18178/JOAAT.4.4.331-334
M. Yusuf, A. Toleng, D. P. Rahardja, A. Ako, Sahiruddin Sahiruddin, Abdi Eriansyah
{"title":"Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows at Different Parities: A Case Study in Enrekang Regency, Indonesia","authors":"M. Yusuf, A. Toleng, D. P. Rahardja, A. Ako, Sahiruddin Sahiruddin, Abdi Eriansyah","doi":"10.18178/JOAAT.4.4.331-334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/JOAAT.4.4.331-334","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91322689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeed Ahmed, M. Imran, Y. Ditta, S. Mehmood, Z. Rasool
The effect of microencapsulated butyric acid (MEBA) on growth performance, ileal digestibility (ID) of protein, gut health and immunity was assessed in broilers. A total of 336 d-old Hubbard Classic broilers chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (Control, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45 g/kg of MEBA). Each treatment was replicated three times with 28 birds/replicate. Feed intake, body weight gain, FCR, intestinal morphology, ID of protein and immunity was evaluated. At 35-d of age, three birds/replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered to collect blood, duodenal samples, and ileal digesta. The Improved body weight gain (P = 0.05), FCR (P 0.5) and antibody titer against Newcastle disease (P>0.05) were noted. The results indicated that MEBA improves digestion and absorptive processes which consequently improved the broilers performance.
{"title":"Effect of Microencapsulated Butyric Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Ileal Digestibility of Protein, Gut Health and Immunity in Broilers","authors":"Saeed Ahmed, M. Imran, Y. Ditta, S. Mehmood, Z. Rasool","doi":"10.18805/IJAR.B-788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/IJAR.B-788","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of microencapsulated butyric acid (MEBA) on growth performance, ileal digestibility (ID) of protein, gut health and immunity was assessed in broilers. A total of 336 d-old Hubbard Classic broilers chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (Control, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45 g/kg of MEBA). Each treatment was replicated three times with 28 birds/replicate. Feed intake, body weight gain, FCR, intestinal morphology, ID of protein and immunity was evaluated. At 35-d of age, three birds/replicate were randomly selected and slaughtered to collect blood, duodenal samples, and ileal digesta. The Improved body weight gain (P = 0.05), FCR (P 0.5) and antibody titer against Newcastle disease (P>0.05) were noted. The results indicated that MEBA improves digestion and absorptive processes which consequently improved the broilers performance.","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87152390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against UPEC for prevention and amelioration of UTIs. We screened LAB strains with antimicrobial effects on UPEC using a well-diffusion assay, bacterial adherence to the uroepithelium cell line SV-HUC-1 (BCRC 60358), and a co-culture inhibition assay. The results showed that the 7 LAB strains (Lactobacillus paracasei, L. salivarius, two Pediococcus pentosaceus strains, two L. plantarum strains, and L. crispatus) and the fermented probiotic products produced by these multi-LAB strains exhibited potent zones of inhibition against UPEC. Moreover, the LAB strains and probiotic products adhered strongly to the uroepithelium SV-HUC-1 cell line. The growth of UPEC strains was also markedly inhibited after co-culture with the LAB strains and probiotic products in human urine. In addition, the enhanced levels of IL-6, IL-8 and lactic acid dehydrogenase were significantly decreased by treatments with the LAB strains and probiotic products in UPEC-induced SV-HUC-1 cells. Furthermore, oral administration of probiotic products reduced the number of viable UPEC in the urine of UPEC-challenged BALB/c mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates that probiotic supplementation may be useful as an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of bacterial-induced urinary tract infections.
{"title":"Inhibitory Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Uropathogenic Escherichia coli-Induced Urinary Tract Infections","authors":"Cheng-Chih Tsai, Yu-Hsuan Liu, Cheng-Ying Ho, Chunjing Huang","doi":"10.4172/2329-8901.1000144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-8901.1000144","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against UPEC for prevention and amelioration of UTIs. We screened LAB strains with antimicrobial effects on UPEC using a well-diffusion assay, bacterial adherence to the uroepithelium cell line SV-HUC-1 (BCRC 60358), and a co-culture inhibition assay. The results showed that the 7 LAB strains (Lactobacillus paracasei, L. salivarius, two Pediococcus pentosaceus strains, two L. plantarum strains, and L. crispatus) and the fermented probiotic products produced by these multi-LAB strains exhibited potent zones of inhibition against UPEC. Moreover, the LAB strains and probiotic products adhered strongly to the uroepithelium SV-HUC-1 cell line. The growth of UPEC strains was also markedly inhibited after co-culture with the LAB strains and probiotic products in human urine. In addition, the enhanced levels of IL-6, IL-8 and lactic acid dehydrogenase were significantly decreased by treatments with the LAB strains and probiotic products in UPEC-induced SV-HUC-1 cells. Furthermore, oral administration of probiotic products reduced the number of viable UPEC in the urine of UPEC-challenged BALB/c mice. Taken together, this study demonstrates that probiotic supplementation may be useful as an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of bacterial-induced urinary tract infections.","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89321954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Farm Animals by Copro-Culture","authors":"M. Al-Aboody, M. Omar","doi":"10.12737/20059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/20059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80875559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-29DOI: 10.1016/S2222-1808(15)61038-6
S. El-Fiky, Fouad A Abou-Zaid, I. Farag, Naira Mohamed El-Fiky
{"title":"Genotoxic Effect of Tricyclic Antidepressant Drug “Clomipramine Hydrochloride’ on Somatic and Germ Cells of Male Mice","authors":"S. El-Fiky, Fouad A Abou-Zaid, I. Farag, Naira Mohamed El-Fiky","doi":"10.1016/S2222-1808(15)61038-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2222-1808(15)61038-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23645,"journal":{"name":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72685584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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