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Topological Nodes Generation Using Anomaly Scores of WiFi Signal Strengths 利用WiFi信号强度异常评分生成拓扑节点
Nosan Kwak, Ltd. Maetan-dong Youngtong-gu Suwon Gyeunggi-do Korea Samsung Electronics Co., Sukjune Yoon, Soon-Yyong Park, Ji-min Kim, Sohee Lee, K. Roh
The essential information for location based service (LBS) is, of course, the location of a mobile robot providing the services. In outdoor environments, GPS is definitely the solution for LBS, however it is difficult to use it in indoor environments due to its weak signal strength. The two main radio-based approaches to the indoor localization are trilateration and fingerprinting, which require either many signal sources or heavy calibration. In this paper, we focus on the fact that the purpose of the localization is to provide services not at the whole locations but at certain locations. For this purpose, we propose a novel topological node generation method using anomaly scores of WiFi signal strengths, enabling to localize the robot under a single WiFi access point. Learning of sequential RSSIs with a hierarchical temporal memory model is able to detect a distinct node. We show the experimental results on node generation and recognition of a node using only one WiFi access point.
基于位置的服务(LBS)的基本信息当然是提供服务的移动机器人的位置。在室外环境中,GPS绝对是LBS的解决方案,但由于其信号强度较弱,在室内环境中难以使用。室内定位的两种主要基于无线电的方法是三边定位和指纹识别,这两种方法要么需要许多信号源,要么需要大量校准。在本文中,我们着重于这样一个事实,即本地化的目的不是在整个地点提供服务,而是在某些地点提供服务。为此,我们提出了一种利用WiFi信号强度异常评分的新颖拓扑节点生成方法,使机器人能够在单个WiFi接入点下进行定位。使用分层时间记忆模型学习顺序rssi能够检测到不同的节点。我们展示了仅使用一个WiFi接入点的节点生成和节点识别的实验结果。
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引用次数: 0
Metadata Management and Materialization of Composite Documents in a Digital Library 数字图书馆复合文档的元数据管理与实体化
A. Ly, N. Spyratos
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引用次数: 0
Emotion Analysis Based on Facial Expression Recognition in Virtual Learning Environment 基于虚拟学习环境中面部表情识别的情绪分析
Yongna Liu, Lirong Wang, Wanping Li
The psychologic research find that learners' cognitive activitie had been affect by emotion in their learning process, specifically, positive emotion can promote cognitive activities, whereas negative emotion can hinder them. The affective state can be seen as a very strong predictor of thinking level in learning. Therefore, establishment of a intelligent environment and atmosphere which can recognize and adjust the emotion of students plays an important role in positive learning. Application of facial expression recognition is performed on Magic Learning which is a 3D Virtual Learning Environment (3DVLE) developed by our laboratory and experimental results suggest that our method is feasible and effective.
心理学研究发现,学习者的认知活动在学习过程中受到情绪的影响,积极情绪可以促进认知活动,而消极情绪则会阻碍认知活动。情感状态可以被看作是学习思维水平的一个很强的预测指标。因此,营造一种能够识别和调节学生情绪的智能环境和氛围,对积极学习具有重要作用。在本实验室开发的三维虚拟学习环境(3DVLE) Magic Learning上进行了面部表情识别的应用,实验结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性。
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引用次数: 14
Abnormal Behavior Analysis in Office Automation System within Organizations 组织内办公自动化系统异常行为分析
Yilin Wang, Yun Zhou, Cheng Zhu, Xianqiang Zhu, Weiming Zhang
Insider threat is a serious and increasing concern for many organizations. The group of individuals who operate within the organization have access to highly confidential and sensitive information, however, if they choose to act against the organization, with their privileged access authority and their extensive knowledge, they are well positioned to cause serious damage. Compared with vast amounts of normal daily operations, malicious behaviors are indeed small probability events, and are easily ignored. Thus, there is a desperate need to explore an effective approach to detect such suspicious behaviors. In order to solve this problem, we propose a two-stage algorithm to detect anomaly through analyzing user behavior based on activity log data collected in a real office automation system. In the first stage, we compare users’ behavioral activities with activities of his/her belonging role, and in the second stage, we compare individual behavioral activities with his/her activities in a window period. By adopting several effective features to describe users’ regular behavioral patterns, the analyst is capable of refining underlying abnormal users and abnormal periods to better support the network security administration.
内部威胁是许多组织日益关注的一个严重问题。在组织内部活动的个人可以访问高度机密和敏感的信息,但是,如果他们选择对组织采取行动,凭借他们的特权访问权限和广泛的知识,他们处于有利地位,可以造成严重损害。与大量的正常日常操作相比,恶意行为确实是小概率事件,很容易被忽略。因此,迫切需要探索一种有效的方法来检测这种可疑行为。为了解决这一问题,我们提出了一种基于实际办公自动化系统中收集的活动日志数据,通过分析用户行为来检测异常的两阶段算法。在第一阶段,我们将用户的行为活动与其所属角色的活动进行比较,在第二阶段,我们将个人的行为活动与其在窗口期的活动进行比较。通过采用几个有效的特征来描述用户的规律行为模式,分析人员能够提炼出潜在的异常用户和异常周期,从而更好地支持网络安全管理。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel MIMO-OFDM Adaptive Receiver in Time-Varying Channels 时变信道中一种新型MIMO-OFDM自适应接收机
Yi-Wei Jhang, Fang-Biau Ueng, Li-Der Jeng, Yu-Kuan Chang, You-Hao Lin
This paper proposes an advanced receiver with joint inter-carrier interference (ICI) self cancellation and channel equalization for multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems over rapidly time-varying channel environment. The existing schemes that deal with the ICI cancellation and channel equalization can’t provide satisfactory performance over time-varying channels. In term of error rate performance and low computational complexity, ICI self cancellation is the best choice. So, this paper proposes an adaptive receiver to deal with the problem of joint ICI self cancellation and channel equalization. We employ the adaptive phase rotations in the receiver to effectively track the CFO variations without feeding back the CFO estimate to the transmitter as required in traditional existing scheme. We also give some simulations to verify the proposed scheme.
针对快速时变信道环境下的多输入多输出正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)系统,提出了一种具有载波间干扰(ICI)自消除和信道均衡功能的先进接收机。现有的ICI对消和信道均衡方案在时变信道中不能提供令人满意的性能。从错误率性能和较低的计算复杂度来看,ICI自抵消是最好的选择。为此,本文提出了一种自适应接收机来解决联合ICI自抵消和信道均衡的问题。我们利用接收机的自适应相位旋转来有效地跟踪CFO变化,而不像传统的现有方案那样需要将CFO估计反馈给发射机。通过仿真验证了该方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Analyzing the Route Cache Timeout Parameter of DSR Protocol in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks 移动Ad Hoc网络中DSR协议的路由缓存超时参数分析
B. Özyurt, I. Dogru, M. Ali Akcayol
Routing is an important issue in Mobile ad hoc Networks (MANET). Several routing protocols have been developed in MANET so far. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) is one of the most commonly used routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks. DSR is a reactive routing protocol which means that when a node wants to send a packet, it has to make a route discovery to the destination node. When the mobility increases in the network, making route discovery and sending packet to the destination node becomes much more challenging. Increased mobility reduces the performance of all MANET routing protocols. DSR is no exception; increased mobility reduces the performance of DSR protocol and decreases its throughput. In this paper, we present our analysis about the effects of the “Route Cache Timeout” parameter on the performance of DSR protocol.
路由是移动自组网(MANET)中的一个重要问题。到目前为止,在MANET中已经开发了几种路由协议。动态源路由(DSR)是移动自组织网络中最常用的路由协议之一。DSR是一种响应式路由协议,这意味着当一个节点想要发送数据包时,它必须向目标节点进行路由发现。当网络的移动性增加时,路由发现和向目的节点发送数据包变得更加困难。移动性的增加降低了所有MANET路由协议的性能。DSR也不例外;移动性的增加降低了DSR协议的性能,降低了它的吞吐量。本文分析了“路由缓存超时”参数对DSR协议性能的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Natural Area Coding Based Postcode Scheme 基于自然区域编码的邮政编码方案
Valentin Rwerekane, Maurice Ndashimye
Traditionally, addresses were used to direct people and helped in social activities; nowadays addresses are used in a wide range of applications, such as automated mail processing, vehicles navigation, urban planning and maintenance, emergency response, statistical analyses, marketing, and others, to ensure necessities induced by new information technologies and facility developments. On top of addresses primary use, postcodes systems were developed to comprehensively provide a variety of public and commercial services. Postcode being an integral part of an addressing system, if well-established, a postcode system brings further social-economic development benefits to a country. This paper aims at designing a postcode based on the Natural Area Coding (NAC). The design focuses on designing a standardized postcode that can fit into any addressing scheme and be used for towns and cities of any shapes from structured cities to slums. Design considerations of a fine-grained postcode (easy for humans, efficient for computerized systems and requiring less or no maintenance over time to improve its efficiency) have proven to be difficult to realize. Therefore, in this paper a new logic is illustrated whereby these considerations are rationally handled while simultaneously allowing the postcode to give a sense of directions and distance. The technique used in this paper can be tailored to a city of any size. As such, a city is divided up into concentric rectangles of which sizes vary from one to three level 3 NAC cells, each NAC cell containing approximately 30×30 plots of 20×50 m2. In this paper, a conversion algorithm is proposed to compute the postcode back and forth to NAC
传统上,地址是用来指导人们和帮助社会活动;如今,地址被广泛应用于自动化邮件处理、车辆导航、城市规划和维护、应急响应、统计分析、市场营销等领域,以确保新信息技术和设施发展所带来的需求。除了地址的主要用途外,邮政编码系统的发展是为了全面提供各种公共和商业服务。邮编是地址系统的一个组成部分,如果邮编系统建立完善,将为一个国家的社会经济发展带来进一步的效益。本文旨在设计一种基于自然区域编码(NAC)的邮政编码。设计的重点是设计一个标准化的邮政编码,可以适应任何寻址方案,并用于任何形状的城镇和城市,从结构化城市到贫民窟。细粒度邮政编码的设计考虑(对人类来说很容易,对计算机系统来说很有效,并且随着时间的推移需要更少或不需要维护来提高效率)已被证明是难以实现的。因此,本文阐述了一种新的逻辑,即合理地处理这些考虑因素,同时允许邮政编码给出方向和距离的感觉。本文中使用的技术可以适用于任何规模的城市。因此,一个城市被划分为同心矩形,大小从一个到三个3级NAC单元不等,每个NAC单元包含大约30×30块20×50 m2。本文提出了一种邮政编码与NAC之间的转换算法
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引用次数: 3
On a Characteristic of Data Transmission with Three or More Priority Levels in Bus Network 总线网络中具有三个或更多优先级的数据传输特性研究
M. Ooki
This paper presents a characteristic of data transmission in bus network in which each datum has a priority and the number of priority levels are three or more. In this bus network, each station is connected to a bus through a switching-hub which establishes a link from a sending station to a receiving station. When the receiving station is sending data or receiving data, the link cannot be established and the sending station has to wait a little waiting time (stand-by time). Then, by defining the link probability as a constant, the bus network is analyzed. Taking note of one of the sending stations with r(r≥3) sending buffers for data with priority, in steady state, a balance equation of the probabilities of the number of waiting data at the ready time of sending is expressed. From the equation, for each priority, probabilities of the number of waiting data, mean of the number of waiting data in the sending buffer and mean waiting time which is the time from the arrival time of a datum at the sending buffer to the beginning time of sending the datum are derived. The calculated values of mean waiting time are illustrated and mean waiting times with priority processing are compared with mean waiting time without priority processing. As a result, the influence of the link probability on data transmission with priority processing is clarified.
本文提出了总线网络中数据传输的一个特点,即每个数据都有一个优先级,优先级为三个或三个以上。在这个总线网络中,每个站点通过交换枢纽连接到总线上,交换枢纽建立了从发送站到接收站的链路。当接收站在发送数据或接收数据时,链路无法建立,发送站需要等待一小段等待时间(待机时间)。然后,通过将链路概率定义为常数,对母线网络进行分析。注意其中一个发送站有r(r≥3)个优先级数据的发送缓冲区,在稳态下,表示发送就绪时等待数据数概率的平衡方程。由式中推导出,对于每个优先级,等待数据数的概率、发送缓冲区中等待数据数的均值和平均等待时间,即从数据到达发送缓冲区的时间到数据开始发送的时间。给出了平均等待时间的计算值,并将有优先级处理的平均等待时间与没有优先级处理的平均等待时间进行了比较。从而阐明了链路概率对优先处理数据传输的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Study and Analysis of Optical Intersatellite Links 星间光链路的研究与分析
Boudene Maamar, Xu Mai
Optical Intersatellite Links (OISLs) are wireless communications using optical signals to interconnect satellites. It is expected to be the next generation wireless communication technology according to its inherent characteristics like: an increased bandwidth, a high data rate, a data transmission security, an immunity to interference, and an unregulated spectrum etc. Optical space links are the best choice for the classical communication schemes due to its distinctive properties; high frequency, small antenna diameter and lowest transmitted power, which are critical factors to define a space communication. This paper discusses the development of free space technology and analyses the parameters and factors to establish a reliable intersatellite links using an optical signal to exchange data between satellites.
光卫星间链路(OISLs)是一种利用光信号连接卫星的无线通信。它具有带宽增大、数据速率高、数据传输安全、抗干扰性强、频谱不受管制等固有特点,有望成为下一代无线通信技术。光空间链路以其独特的特性成为经典通信方案的最佳选择;高频率、小天线直径和最低发射功率是定义空间通信的关键因素。本文讨论了自由空间技术的发展,分析了利用光信号在卫星间交换数据建立可靠星间链路的参数和因素。
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引用次数: 5
Effect of Collector Aspect Ratio on the Thermal Performance of Wavy Finned Absorber Solar Air Heater 集热器长径比对波浪翅片吸收太阳能空气加热器热性能的影响
Abhishek Priyam, P. Chand
A theoretical investigation on the effect of collector aspect ratio on the thermal performance of wavy finned absorber solar air heaters has been performed. For the constant collector area, the various performance parameters have been calculated for plane and wavy finned solar air heaters. It has been found that the performance of wavy finned solar air heater improved with the increase in the collector aspect ratio. The performance of wavy finned solar air heater has been found 30 percent higher than those of plane solar air heater. The obtained results for wavy fin solar air heaters are compared with the available experimental data of most common type solar air heaters.
本文从理论上研究了集热器长径比对波浪翅片吸收太阳能空气加热器热性能的影响。在集热面积不变的情况下,计算了平面翅片和波浪翅片太阳能空气加热器的各项性能参数。研究发现,波浪翅片太阳能空气加热器的性能随着集热器长径比的增大而提高。波浪翅片太阳能空气加热器的性能比平面太阳能空气加热器高30%。对波浪翅片太阳能空气加热器的实验结果进行了比较,并与大多数常见类型的太阳能空气加热器的实验数据进行了比较。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Electrical, Computer, Energetic, Electronic and Communication Engineering
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