This editorial discusses the key findings presented in Batta and Hatwal's recent paper titled "Excess cardiovascular mortality in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cause for concern!", which was published in the World Journal of Cardiology. Their original article highlights a notable correlation between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and increased cardiovascular mortality risk in men. The present commentary explores the implications of their findings, discussing potential mechanisms, risk factors, and the urgent need for integrated clinical approaches to mitigate the dual burden of these diseases. Emphasis should be placed on the importance of early detection, lifestyle modifications, and interdisciplinary collaboration for improving patient outcomes. This editorial aims to highlight the broad implications of NAFLD for cardiovascular health and to advocate for increased awareness and proactive management strategies within the medical community.
这篇社论讨论了 Batta 和 Hatwal 最近在《世界心脏病学杂志》上发表的题为 "非酒精性脂肪肝男性患者心血管死亡率过高:值得关注!"的主要研究结果,该论文发表在《世界心脏病学杂志》(World Journal of Cardiology)上。他们的原文强调了非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)与男性心血管死亡风险增加之间的显著相关性。本评论探讨了他们研究结果的意义,讨论了潜在的机制、风险因素以及迫切需要综合临床方法来减轻这些疾病的双重负担。重点应放在早期检测、生活方式调整和跨学科合作对改善患者预后的重要性上。这篇社论旨在强调非酒精性脂肪肝对心血管健康的广泛影响,并倡导医学界提高对非酒精性脂肪肝的认识,采取积极主动的管理策略。
{"title":"Addressing the alarming link between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular mortality in men.","authors":"Wen-Rui Hao, Chun-Han Cheng, Tzu-Hurng Cheng","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.502","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial discusses the key findings presented in Batta and Hatwal's recent paper titled \"Excess cardiovascular mortality in men with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cause for concern!\", which was published in the <i>World Journal of Cardiology</i>. Their original article highlights a notable correlation between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and increased cardiovascular mortality risk in men. The present commentary explores the implications of their findings, discussing potential mechanisms, risk factors, and the urgent need for integrated clinical approaches to mitigate the dual burden of these diseases. Emphasis should be placed on the importance of early detection, lifestyle modifications, and interdisciplinary collaboration for improving patient outcomes. This editorial aims to highlight the broad implications of NAFLD for cardiovascular health and to advocate for increased awareness and proactive management strategies within the medical community.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The combination of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and gastric ulcers poses a challenge to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), particularly for young patients. The role of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) in the treatment of de novo coronary artery lesions in large vessels remains unclear, especially for patients with STEMI. Our strategy is to implement drug balloon angioplasty following the intracoronary administration of low-dose prourokinase and adequate pre-expansion.
Case summary: A 54-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department due to chest pain on June 24, 2019. Within the first 3 minutes of the initial assessment in the emergency room, the electrocardiogram (ECG) showed significant changes. There was atrial fibrillation with ST-segment elevation. Subsequently, atrial fibrillation terminated spontaneously and reverted to sinus rhythm. Soon after, the patient experienced syncope. The ECG revealed torsades de pointes ventricular tachycardia. A few seconds later, it returned to sinus rhythm. High-sensitivity tropon in I was normal. The diagnosis was acute STEMI. Emergency coronary angiography revealed subtotal occlusion with thrombus formation in the proximal segment of the left anterior descending artery. Considering the patient's age and history of peptic ulcer disease, after the intracoronary injection of prourokinase, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and cutting balloon angioplasty were conducted for thorough preconditioning, and paclitaxel drug-eluting balloon angioplasty was performed without any stents, achieving favorable outcomes.
Conclusion: A PPCI without stents may be a viable treatment strategy for select patients with STEMI, and further research is warranted.
{"title":"Intracoronary thrombolysis combined with drug balloon angioplasty in a young ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patient: A case report.","authors":"Li-Qiong She, De-Kui Gao, Le Hong, Yin Tian, Hui-Zhen Wang, Sheng Huang","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.531","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The combination of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and gastric ulcers poses a challenge to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI), particularly for young patients. The role of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) in the treatment of de novo coronary artery lesions in large vessels remains unclear, especially for patients with STEMI. Our strategy is to implement drug balloon angioplasty following the intracoronary administration of low-dose prourokinase and adequate pre-expansion.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 54-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department due to chest pain on June 24, 2019. Within the first 3 minutes of the initial assessment in the emergency room, the electrocardiogram (ECG) showed significant changes. There was atrial fibrillation with ST-segment elevation. Subsequently, atrial fibrillation terminated spontaneously and reverted to sinus rhythm. Soon after, the patient experienced syncope. The ECG revealed torsades de pointes ventricular tachycardia. A few seconds later, it returned to sinus rhythm. High-sensitivity tropon in I was normal. The diagnosis was acute STEMI. Emergency coronary angiography revealed subtotal occlusion with thrombus formation in the proximal segment of the left anterior descending artery. Considering the patient's age and history of peptic ulcer disease, after the intracoronary injection of prourokinase, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and cutting balloon angioplasty were conducted for thorough preconditioning, and paclitaxel drug-eluting balloon angioplasty was performed without any stents, achieving favorable outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A PPCI without stents may be a viable treatment strategy for select patients with STEMI, and further research is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natalia Przytuła, Ewa Dziewięcka, Mateusz Winiarczyk, Katarzyna Graczyk, Agnieszka Stępień, Paweł Rubiś
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetically determined myocardial disease characterized by an increased thickness of the left ventricle (LV) wall that cannot be solely attributed to abnormal loading conditions. HCM may present with an intraventricular or LV outflow tract obstruction, diastolic dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis and/or ventricular arrhythmias. Differentiating HCM from other diseases associated with LV hypertrophy, such as hypertension, aortic stenosis, or LV non-compaction (LVNC), can at times be challenging. LVNC is defined by excessive LV trabeculation and deep recesses between trabeculae, often accompanied by increased LV myocardial mass. Previous studies indicate that the LVNC phenotype may be observed in up to 5% of the general population; however, in most cases, it is a benign finding with no impact on clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, LVNC can occasionally lead to LV systolic dysfunction, manifesting as a phenotype of dilated or non-dilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy, with an increased risk of thrombus formation and arterial embolism. In extreme cases, where LVNC is associated with a very thickened LV wall, it can even mimic HCM. There is growing evidence of an overlap between HCM and LVNC, including similar genetic mutations and clinical presentations. This raises the question of whether HCM and LVNC represent different phenotypes of the same disease or are, in fact, two distinct entities.
{"title":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular non-compaction: Distinct diseases or variant phenotypes of a single condition?","authors":"Natalia Przytuła, Ewa Dziewięcka, Mateusz Winiarczyk, Katarzyna Graczyk, Agnieszka Stępień, Paweł Rubiś","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.496","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetically determined myocardial disease characterized by an increased thickness of the left ventricle (LV) wall that cannot be solely attributed to abnormal loading conditions. HCM may present with an intraventricular or LV outflow tract obstruction, diastolic dysfunction, myocardial fibrosis and/or ventricular arrhythmias. Differentiating HCM from other diseases associated with LV hypertrophy, such as hypertension, aortic stenosis, or LV non-compaction (LVNC), can at times be challenging. LVNC is defined by excessive LV trabeculation and deep recesses between trabeculae, often accompanied by increased LV myocardial mass. Previous studies indicate that the LVNC phenotype may be observed in up to 5% of the general population; however, in most cases, it is a benign finding with no impact on clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, LVNC can occasionally lead to LV systolic dysfunction, manifesting as a phenotype of dilated or non-dilated left ventricular cardiomyopathy, with an increased risk of thrombus formation and arterial embolism. In extreme cases, where LVNC is associated with a very thickened LV wall, it can even mimic HCM. There is growing evidence of an overlap between HCM and LVNC, including similar genetic mutations and clinical presentations. This raises the question of whether HCM and LVNC represent different phenotypes of the same disease or are, in fact, two distinct entities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
George Latsios, Leonidas Koliastasis, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Kostas Tsioufis
The evolution of coronary intervention techniques and equipment has led to more sophisticated procedures for the treatment of highly complex lesions. However, as a result, the risk of complications has increased, which are mostly iatrogenic and often include equipment failure. Stent dislodgement warrants vigilance for the early diagnosis and a stepwise management approach is required to either expand or retrieve the lost stent. In the era of bioresorbable scaffolds that are not radiopaque, increased caution is required. Intravascular imaging may assist in detecting the lost scaffold in cases of no visibility fluoroscopically. Adequate lesion preparation is the key to minimizing the possibility of equipment loss; however, in the case that it occurs, commercially available and improvised devices and techniques may be applied.
{"title":"Recognizing and preventing complications regarding bioresorbable scaffolds during coronary interventions.","authors":"George Latsios, Leonidas Koliastasis, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Kostas Tsioufis","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.508","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The evolution of coronary intervention techniques and equipment has led to more sophisticated procedures for the treatment of highly complex lesions. However, as a result, the risk of complications has increased, which are mostly iatrogenic and often include equipment failure. Stent dislodgement warrants vigilance for the early diagnosis and a stepwise management approach is required to either expand or retrieve the lost stent. In the era of bioresorbable scaffolds that are not radiopaque, increased caution is required. Intravascular imaging may assist in detecting the lost scaffold in cases of no visibility fluoroscopically. Adequate lesion preparation is the key to minimizing the possibility of equipment loss; however, in the case that it occurs, commercially available and improvised devices and techniques may be applied.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Di Jin, Yu-Wei Wang, Zhi-Min Lin, Chen Li, Ming Li
Tumour immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has greatly improved the overall prognosis of patients with malignant tumours, and is regarded as an important breakthrough in the field of medicine in recent years. ICIs have gradually become the core of tumour therapy and are increasingly used in the clinic. In order to achieve early clinical prediction and management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), it is still necessary to perform further research on the mechanisms, risk factors, and predictors of irAE occurrence in the future. Zhou et al describe the consultation of a patient with advanced gastric cancer combined with chronic plaque psoriasis. This case provides an important reference for the use of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in patients of tumours combined with chronic plaque psoriasis. This case also highlights that screening of high-risk groups for irAEs is critical before applying PD-1 inhibitors to patients with chronic psoriasis combined with tumours. PD-1 inhibitors are new and potent antineoplastic agents that can cause serious immune-related adverse events such as toxic epidermal necrolysis release and psoriasis. Glucocorticosteroids are the first-line agents for irAEs. The incidence of rheumatic irAEs may be higher in reality, which will inevitably become a new challenge for rheumatologists and dermatologists.
{"title":"Medical dilemma: Programmed death 1 blockade (sintilimab) therapy in patients suffering from tumours combined with psoriasis.","authors":"Di Jin, Yu-Wei Wang, Zhi-Min Lin, Chen Li, Ming Li","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.546","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumour immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has greatly improved the overall prognosis of patients with malignant tumours, and is regarded as an important breakthrough in the field of medicine in recent years. ICIs have gradually become the core of tumour therapy and are increasingly used in the clinic. In order to achieve early clinical prediction and management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), it is still necessary to perform further research on the mechanisms, risk factors, and predictors of irAE occurrence in the future. Zhou <i>et al</i> describe the consultation of a patient with advanced gastric cancer combined with chronic plaque psoriasis. This case provides an important reference for the use of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors in patients of tumours combined with chronic plaque psoriasis. This case also highlights that screening of high-risk groups for irAEs is critical before applying PD-1 inhibitors to patients with chronic psoriasis combined with tumours. PD-1 inhibitors are new and potent antineoplastic agents that can cause serious immune-related adverse events such as toxic epidermal necrolysis release and psoriasis. Glucocorticosteroids are the first-line agents for irAEs. The incidence of rheumatic irAEs may be higher in reality, which will inevitably become a new challenge for rheumatologists and dermatologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlo Alberto Caruzzo, Elia Rigamonti, Francesca Romana Scopigni
The recent systematic review and meta-analysis provided a comprehensive focus on the current state of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The authors determined the feasibility of physiological left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) in patients indicated for CRT through a careful analysis of trials. They found that LBBAP was associated with significant reductions in QRS duration, New York Heart Association functional class, B-type natriuretic peptide levels, and pacing thresholds as well as improvements in echocardiographic parameters compared to biventricular pacing.
{"title":"Left bundle branch area pacing: A new era of cardiac resynchronization therapy?","authors":"Carlo Alberto Caruzzo, Elia Rigamonti, Francesca Romana Scopigni","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.542","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent systematic review and meta-analysis provided a comprehensive focus on the current state of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). The authors determined the feasibility of physiological left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) in patients indicated for CRT through a careful analysis of trials. They found that LBBAP was associated with significant reductions in QRS duration, New York Heart Association functional class, B-type natriuretic peptide levels, and pacing thresholds as well as improvements in echocardiographic parameters compared to biventricular pacing.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rupak Desai, Priyatham Gurram, Adil S Mohammed, Rishabh B Salian, Shanmukh Sai Pavan Lingamsetty, Sandeep Guntuku, Ravi Venkata Sai Krishna Medarametla, Rawnak Jahan, Zainab Muslehuddin, Paritharsh Ghantasala
Background: Cannabis use has increased among young individuals in recent years. Although dependent cannabis use disorder (CUD) has been associated with various cardiac events, its effects on young adults without concurrent substance use remain understudied.
Aim: To examine trends in hospitalizations for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in this cohort.
Methods: We used the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2019) to identify hospitalized young individuals (18-44 years), excluding those with concurrent substance usage (tobacco, alcohol, and cocaine). They were divided into CUD+ and CUD-. Using International Classification of Diseases-10 codes, we examined the trends in MACCE hospitalizations, including all-cause mortality (ACM), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiac arrest (CA), and acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
Results: Of 27.4 million hospitalizations among young adults without concurrent substance abuse, 4.2% (1.1 million) had co-existent CUD. In CUD+ group, hospitalization rates for MACCE (1.71% vs 1.35%), AMI (0.86% vs 0.54%), CA (0.27% vs 0.24%), and AIS (0.49% vs 0.35%) were higher than in CUD- group (P < 0.001). However, rate of ACM hospitalizations was lower in CUD+ group (0.30% vs 0.44%). From 2016 to 2019, CUD+ group experienced a relative rise of 5% in MACCE and 20% in AMI hospitalizations, compared to 22% and 36% increases in CUD- group (P < 0.05). The CUD+ group had a 13% relative decrease in ACM hospitalizations, compared to a 10% relative rise in CUD- group (P < 0.05). However, when adjusted for confounders, MACCE odds among CUD+ cohort remain comparable between 2016 and 2019.
Conclusion: The CUD+ group had higher rates of MACCE, but the rising trends were more apparent in the CUD- group over time. Interestingly, the CUD+ group had lower ACM rates than the CUD- group.
背景:近年来,使用大麻的年轻人越来越多。尽管依赖性大麻使用障碍(CUD)与各种心脏事件有关,但其对未同时使用药物的年轻人的影响仍未得到充分研究。目的:研究该队列中因重大不良心脏和脑血管事件(MACCE)住院的趋势:我们使用全国住院患者样本(2016-2019 年)来识别住院的年轻人(18-44 岁),排除那些同时使用药物(烟草、酒精和可卡因)的人。他们被分为 CUD+ 和 CUD-。利用国际疾病分类-10代码,我们研究了MACCE住院治疗的趋势,包括全因死亡率(ACM)、急性心肌梗死(AMI)、心脏骤停(CA)和急性缺血性中风(AIS):在没有同时滥用药物的 2740 万住院青壮年中,4.2%(110 万人)同时患有 CUD。在 CUD+ 组中,MACCE(1.71% vs 1.35%)、AMI(0.86% vs 0.54%)、CA(0.27% vs 0.24%)和 AIS(0.49% vs 0.35%)的住院率高于 CUD- 组(P < 0.001)。然而,CUD+组的ACM住院率较低(0.30% vs 0.44%)。从2016年到2019年,CUD+组的MACCE和AMI住院率分别相对上升了5%和20%,而CUD-组则分别上升了22%和36%(P < 0.05)。CUD+ 组的急性心肌梗死住院率相对下降了 13%,而 CUD- 组则相对上升了 10%(P < 0.05)。然而,经混杂因素调整后,CUD+组群的MACCE几率在2016年和2019年之间保持相当:CUD+组的MACCE发生率较高,但随着时间的推移,CUD-组的上升趋势更为明显。有趣的是,CUD+ 组的 ACM 发生率低于 CUD- 组。
{"title":"Contemporary nationwide trends in major adverse cardiovascular events in young cannabis users without concomitant tobacco, alcohol, cocaine use.","authors":"Rupak Desai, Priyatham Gurram, Adil S Mohammed, Rishabh B Salian, Shanmukh Sai Pavan Lingamsetty, Sandeep Guntuku, Ravi Venkata Sai Krishna Medarametla, Rawnak Jahan, Zainab Muslehuddin, Paritharsh Ghantasala","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.512","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannabis use has increased among young individuals in recent years. Although dependent cannabis use disorder (CUD) has been associated with various cardiac events, its effects on young adults without concurrent substance use remain understudied.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To examine trends in hospitalizations for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) in this cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2019) to identify hospitalized young individuals (18-44 years), excluding those with concurrent substance usage (tobacco, alcohol, and cocaine). They were divided into CUD+ and CUD-. Using International Classification of Diseases-10 codes, we examined the trends in MACCE hospitalizations, including all-cause mortality (ACM), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiac arrest (CA), and acute ischemic stroke (AIS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 27.4 million hospitalizations among young adults without concurrent substance abuse, 4.2% (1.1 million) had co-existent CUD. In CUD+ group, hospitalization rates for MACCE (1.71% <i>vs</i> 1.35%), AMI (0.86% <i>vs</i> 0.54%), CA (0.27% <i>vs</i> 0.24%), and AIS (0.49% <i>vs</i> 0.35%) were higher than in CUD- group (<i>P</i> < 0.001). However, rate of ACM hospitalizations was lower in CUD+ group (0.30% <i>vs</i> 0.44%). From 2016 to 2019, CUD+ group experienced a relative rise of 5% in MACCE and 20% in AMI hospitalizations, compared to 22% and 36% increases in CUD- group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The CUD+ group had a 13% relative decrease in ACM hospitalizations, compared to a 10% relative rise in CUD- group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). However, when adjusted for confounders, MACCE odds among CUD+ cohort remain comparable between 2016 and 2019.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CUD+ group had higher rates of MACCE, but the rising trends were more apparent in the CUD- group over time. Interestingly, the CUD+ group had lower ACM rates than the CUD- group.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia Zeng, Yao Zhao, Di Gao, Xiang Lu, Jing-Jing Dong, Yan-Bing Liu, Bin Shen
Background: Coronary artery diseases can cause myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and even sudden death led to inflight incapacitation of aircrew. As the main cause of grounding due to illness, they severe threats to the health and fighting strength of military aircrew. Early warning in an early and accurate manner and early intervention of diseases possibly resulting in inflight incapacitation are key emphases of aeromedical support in clinic.
Aim: To figure out the flight factors and clinical characteristics of military aircrew with abnormal results of coronary artery computed tomographic angiography (CTA), thereby rendering theoretical references for clinical aeromedical support of military flying personnel.
Methods: The clinical data of 15 flying personnel who received physical examinations in a military medical center from December 2020 to June 2023 and were diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were collected and retrospectively analyzed, and a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on their onset age, aircraft type and clinical data.
Results: The 15 military flying personnel diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were composed of 9 pilots, 1 navigator and 5 air combat service workers. Multi-vessel disease was detected in 9 flying personnel, among which 8 (88.9%) were pilots. Flying personnel with multi-vessel disease had higher content of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B than those with single-vessel disease.
Conclusion: Coronary artery diseases are the major heart disease for the grounding of flying personnel due to illness, which can lead to inflight incapacitation. Coronary artery CTA is conducive to early detection and early intervention treatment of such diseases in clinic.
{"title":"Medical appraisal of Chinese military aircrew with abnormal results of coronary computed tomographic angiography.","authors":"Jia Zeng, Yao Zhao, Di Gao, Xiang Lu, Jing-Jing Dong, Yan-Bing Liu, Bin Shen","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.522","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i9.522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary artery diseases can cause myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and even sudden death led to inflight incapacitation of aircrew. As the main cause of grounding due to illness, they severe threats to the health and fighting strength of military aircrew. Early warning in an early and accurate manner and early intervention of diseases possibly resulting in inflight incapacitation are key emphases of aeromedical support in clinic.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To figure out the flight factors and clinical characteristics of military aircrew with abnormal results of coronary artery computed tomographic angiography (CTA), thereby rendering theoretical references for clinical aeromedical support of military flying personnel.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical data of 15 flying personnel who received physical examinations in a military medical center from December 2020 to June 2023 and were diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were collected and retrospectively analyzed, and a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on their onset age, aircraft type and clinical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 15 military flying personnel diagnosed with coronary artery diseases by coronary artery CTA were composed of 9 pilots, 1 navigator and 5 air combat service workers. Multi-vessel disease was detected in 9 flying personnel, among which 8 (88.9%) were pilots. Flying personnel with multi-vessel disease had higher content of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B than those with single-vessel disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Coronary artery diseases are the major heart disease for the grounding of flying personnel due to illness, which can lead to inflight incapacitation. Coronary artery CTA is conducive to early detection and early intervention treatment of such diseases in clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11439103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142355256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as living biodrugs, have entered advanced phases of clinical assessment for cardiac function restoration in patients with myocardial infarction and heart failure. While MSCs are available from diverse tissue sources, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) remain the most well-studied cell type, besides umbilical-cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs). The latter offers advantages, including noninvasive availability without ethical considerations.
Aim: To compare the safety and efficacy of BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6-min walking distance (6MWD), and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs).
Methods: Five databases were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Thirteen RCTs (693 patients) were included using predefined eligibility criteria. Weighted mean differences and odds ratio (OR) for the changes in the estimated treatment effects.
Results: UC-MSCs significantly improved LVEF vs controls by 5.08% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.20%-7.95%] at 6 mo and 2.78% (95%CI: 0.86%-4.70%) at 12 mo. However, no significant effect was observed for BM-MSCs vs controls. No significant changes were observed in the 6MWD with either of the two cell types. Also, no differences were observed for MACEs, except rehospitalization rates, which were lower only with BM-MSCs (odds ratio 0.48, 95%CI: 0.24-0.97) vs controls.
Conclusion: UC-MSCs significantly improved LVEF compared with BM-MSCs. Their advantageous characteristics position them as a promising alternative to MSC-based therapy.
{"title":"Tissue-source effect on mesenchymal stem cells as living biodrugs for heart failure: Systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Moaz Safwan, Mariam Safwan Bourgleh, Mohamed Aldoush, Khawaja Husnain Haider","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i8.469","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i8.469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as living biodrugs, have entered advanced phases of clinical assessment for cardiac function restoration in patients with myocardial infarction and heart failure. While MSCs are available from diverse tissue sources, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) remain the most well-studied cell type, besides umbilical-cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs). The latter offers advantages, including noninvasive availability without ethical considerations.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the safety and efficacy of BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs in terms of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6-min walking distance (6MWD), and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five databases were systematically searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Thirteen RCTs (693 patients) were included using predefined eligibility criteria. Weighted mean differences and odds ratio (OR) for the changes in the estimated treatment effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>UC-MSCs significantly improved LVEF <i>vs</i> controls by 5.08% [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.20%-7.95%] at 6 mo and 2.78% (95%CI: 0.86%-4.70%) at 12 mo. However, no significant effect was observed for BM-MSCs <i>vs</i> controls. No significant changes were observed in the 6MWD with either of the two cell types. Also, no differences were observed for MACEs, except rehospitalization rates, which were lower only with BM-MSCs (odds ratio 0.48, 95%CI: 0.24-0.97) <i>vs</i> controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UC-MSCs significantly improved LVEF compared with BM-MSCs. Their advantageous characteristics position them as a promising alternative to MSC-based therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Cardio-oncology has received increasing attention especially among older patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mortality is the second-most frequent cause of death. The risk factors for CVD-specific mortality among older patients with CRC are still poorly understood.
Aim: To identify the prognostic factors and construct a nomogram-based model to predict the CVD-specific mortality among older patients with CRC.
Methods: The data on older patients diagnosed with CRC were retrieved from The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2004 to 2015. The prognostic factors and a nomogram-based model predicting the CVD-specific mortality were assessed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and Cox regression.
Results: A total of 141251 eligible patients with CRC were enrolled, of which 41459 patients died of CRC and 12651 patients died of CVD. The age at diagnosis, sex, marital status, year of diagnosis, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors associated with CVD-specific mortality among older patients with CRC. We used these variables to develop a model to predict CVD-specific mortality. The calibration curves for CVD-specific mortality probabilities showed that the model was in good agreement with actual observations. The C-index value of the model in the training cohort and testing cohort for predicting CVD-specific mortality was 0.728 and 0.734, respectively.
Conclusion: The proposed nomogram-based model for CVD-specific mortality can be used for accurate prognostic prediction among older patients with CRC. This model is a potentially useful tool for clinicians to identify high-risk patients and develop personalized treatment plans.
{"title":"Nomogram predicting the cardiovascular disease mortality for older patients with colorectal cancer: A real-world population-based study.","authors":"Jia-Yu Tan, Shuo-Hao Shen","doi":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i8.458","DOIUrl":"10.4330/wjc.v16.i8.458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardio-oncology has received increasing attention especially among older patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mortality is the second-most frequent cause of death. The risk factors for CVD-specific mortality among older patients with CRC are still poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To identify the prognostic factors and construct a nomogram-based model to predict the CVD-specific mortality among older patients with CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data on older patients diagnosed with CRC were retrieved from The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2004 to 2015. The prognostic factors and a nomogram-based model predicting the CVD-specific mortality were assessed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 141251 eligible patients with CRC were enrolled, of which 41459 patients died of CRC and 12651 patients died of CVD. The age at diagnosis, sex, marital status, year of diagnosis, surgery, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors associated with CVD-specific mortality among older patients with CRC. We used these variables to develop a model to predict CVD-specific mortality. The calibration curves for CVD-specific mortality probabilities showed that the model was in good agreement with actual observations. The C-index value of the model in the training cohort and testing cohort for predicting CVD-specific mortality was 0.728 and 0.734, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed nomogram-based model for CVD-specific mortality can be used for accurate prognostic prediction among older patients with CRC. This model is a potentially useful tool for clinicians to identify high-risk patients and develop personalized treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":23800,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142117119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}