Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe A: Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Parasitologie最新文献

After injection of known numbers of viable tumour cells admixed with tetanus spores into the subcutaneous tissue between the shoulder blades the sigmoidal tetanus lethality curves of mice can be quantitatively analysed following the underlying growth of tetanus clostridia and tumour cells. We suggest that the "driving force" for exponential clostridial growth and toxin synthesis are oxygen-consuming clones of tumour cells. Our experimental data are in good accordance with a stochastic mathematical model which allows for computing the cloning probability of one single spore on the basis of a 1-mitosis-1-clostridium division-principle.

Addition of colicins Ia, E1 or K to sensitive Escherichia coli leads to inhibition of macromolecular synthesis and an uncoupling of electron transport from active transport. Recent results indicate that these colicins affect energy metabolism by interacting directly with the cytoplasmic membrane. This results in a transmembrane flow of ions leading to membrane depolarization. It is proposed that the function of the outer membrane colicin receptor is to mediate access of the colicin molecule to the cytoplasmic membrane.

Fourty-two human isolates that had been designated Pasteurella, or pasteurella-like organisms in the bacteriological routine laboratory were phenotypically characterized considering conventional, morphological and physiological features, and respiratory quinones. Thirty-seven of these strains fitted into the large traditional species, P. multocida, the majority of them being associated with alterations of the respiratory tract, and the rest with intestinal diseases, or putrid wound secretions mostly following animal bite or scratch lesions. Two strains isolated from sputum, or sinus maxillaris punctate, respectively, were P. ureae, and one strain recovered from a septicemic blood samle proved to be Cardiobacterium hominis. A pasteurella-like strain isolated from putrid sputum and an unusual organism that had been isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of an infant with putrid meningitis remained unidentified. The bacteriological data are discussed with respect to the diagnostics of Pasteurella and similar organisms and especially, the range of phenotypical variation within the species, P. multocida.

Since excenzymes are mainly involved in oncolysis by Cl. oncolyticum M 55 ATCC 13,732 the enzyme production of the strain should be examined under different growth conditions. The excretion of a protease and of two nucleases was observed in the nutrient medium for 72 h and the results obtained in a nitrogen atmosphere were compared with those obtained in an oxygen atmosphere. The cleavage of protein and of peptides was investigated by means of TLC. The importance of the exoenzymes for the oncolytic effect of Cl. oncolyticum M 55 was confirmed by animal experiments.

The indirect immunofluorescent (FA) tests for detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to the internal antigens of influenza viruses were performed using single cell suspensions of baby hamster kidney cells. The IgG-FA test showed a good correlation with the complement fixation (CF) test performed with purified ribonucleoprotein (RNP) as antigen than the CF test with whole virus antigen. Sera which were positive only in the IgM-FA test did not react in the RNP-CF test. A rapid diagnosis of influenza was not possible alone by detection of RNP specific IgM as relatively low titers were obtained in the IgM-FA test.

It is demonstrated that it is possible to change the stereotyped reaction of the steroid metabolism to infection by means of external influences. The progress of infectious diseases can be detoriated and the average duration of life can be shortened by rearing a special strain of test rabbits or by lack of protein in the diet, by blocking the RES, by cortisol, estradiol and thyroxin, by glucose and by polyvinylpyridin-N-oxid. - The time of survival is prolonged by testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone and cyproterone, also by cystein, aristolochia acid and treatment with pyrifer. - No effect whatever on the progress of an infectious disease is produced by the vitamines A, B1, B6, D, E and especially ascorbinic acid, also an extract of thymus gland, spleen, insulin, a preparation with STH, and Norgestrel, DMSO and treatment with B, bifidum and with omnadin.

This review deals in detail with the nature, synthesis, physiologic functions, and the regulation of colicin receptors, which represent components of transportsystems, as well as with the two mechanisms of the colicin uptake within the groups A and B of colicins.

An investigation was conducted to detect the presence of Salmonella nasal carriers amongst young farm animals (Cow-calves, buffalo-calves, lambs, kids, piglets and foals) on farms having a previous history of Salmonellosis. Salmonella could be isolated from nasal swabs of 1.2% of the cow-calves and 2.9% of the piglets studied but not from other young animals. Isolated strains included S. typhimurium and S. weltevreden from cow-calves and piglets, respectively. Other members of family Enterobacriacteeae isolated from nasal passages of these animals were: E. coli (O106:H27 and O153:H12), Serratia rubidiae, Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp. and Citrobacter spp. One of the Citrobacter strains from piglet faeces which appear to be a new Citrobacter serotype had Salmonella 45(1), 45(3), 45(5) 'O' antigens. The results indicated that the upper respiratory tract of animals carried Salmonella and other potentially pathogenic enterobacteria which might contribute to the spread of corresponding infections among man and animals.