Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532567
Vaibhav Kumar, A. Sarkar, Arnab Jana
Lack of strategic framework in service delivery and decision making remains a void in health care, especially in developing nations. Online social media (OSM) can be an appropriate tool in raising awareness, issuing warnings and retrieving information regarding health issues. This study proposes a web-based health Geographic Information System (GIS) by utilizing a fabrication of OSM sources like government data, news media and Twitter data. Web crawlers were developed to retrieve the historical datasets from the archives of the data sources. The processed data is represented geo-spatially using a developed WebGIS system. The sequential computation-driven system integrating spatial extensions of PostgreSQL database and OpenLayers allows us to analyze health-related information, conduct spatiotemporal queries, and generate spatial density distribution maps to determine the disease hot spots and visualize space-time connections at a local scale. The outcomes can support the agencies in framing healthcare-related policies based on geoinformation intelligence and data analysis on various datasets including social media. It can further pave the way towards an e-governance system for efficient healthcare service delivery to every section of the society.
{"title":"Big Data and WebGIS for Formulating Health Care Policy in India","authors":"Vaibhav Kumar, A. Sarkar, Arnab Jana","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532567","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of strategic framework in service delivery and decision making remains a void in health care, especially in developing nations. Online social media (OSM) can be an appropriate tool in raising awareness, issuing warnings and retrieving information regarding health issues. This study proposes a web-based health Geographic Information System (GIS) by utilizing a fabrication of OSM sources like government data, news media and Twitter data. Web crawlers were developed to retrieve the historical datasets from the archives of the data sources. The processed data is represented geo-spatially using a developed WebGIS system. The sequential computation-driven system integrating spatial extensions of PostgreSQL database and OpenLayers allows us to analyze health-related information, conduct spatiotemporal queries, and generate spatial density distribution maps to determine the disease hot spots and visualize space-time connections at a local scale. The outcomes can support the agencies in framing healthcare-related policies based on geoinformation intelligence and data analysis on various datasets including social media. It can further pave the way towards an e-governance system for efficient healthcare service delivery to every section of the society.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"260 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115815709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532537
Kader B T Shaikh, N. P. Jawarkar, V. Ahmed
Diagnosis or fault identification in real industrial machines using audio or sound signals is a challenging task. Active research has been pursued to determine acoustic features, classification & clustering algorithms that could estimate the state of an industrial machine. Acoustic features & classifiers from different domains have been successfully implemented for fault identification in industrial machines. This paper is a comparative study of propositions, experiments, applications and systems developed by various researchers. Effort has been made to generate a collection of test benches developed, results observed and conclusion arrived. These insights suggest deep learning and anomaly detection techniques as a promising technology for preventive maintenance in real industrial machines.
{"title":"Machine diagnosis using acoustic analysis: a review","authors":"Kader B T Shaikh, N. P. Jawarkar, V. Ahmed","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532537","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnosis or fault identification in real industrial machines using audio or sound signals is a challenging task. Active research has been pursued to determine acoustic features, classification & clustering algorithms that could estimate the state of an industrial machine. Acoustic features & classifiers from different domains have been successfully implemented for fault identification in industrial machines. This paper is a comparative study of propositions, experiments, applications and systems developed by various researchers. Effort has been made to generate a collection of test benches developed, results observed and conclusion arrived. These insights suggest deep learning and anomaly detection techniques as a promising technology for preventive maintenance in real industrial machines.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128748996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532565
R. Andrews
Electrical stimulation has been used for at least two millennia to treat nervous system disorders. The brain-machine inter face - physical contact between brain tissue and an implanted device - has under gone dramatic refinement over a much shorter period, the past century. Feedback guided electrical stimulation (a key component of cybernetics) is more recent still-less than a quarter century. Examples of major advances in the technology employed in the brain-machine inter face are presented, for both electrical and chemical activity in the brain. A first step towards a “neural prosthesis” or implanted replacement for a principal component of the brain's network architecture - a bioinspired synapse - is described. As noted by Norbert Wiener 75 years ago, technological advancements come with the danger that they may be used for nefarious purposes.
{"title":"The Brain-Machine Interface: Nanotechnology and Cybernetics 60 Years After Norbert Wiener","authors":"R. Andrews","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532565","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical stimulation has been used for at least two millennia to treat nervous system disorders. The brain-machine inter face - physical contact between brain tissue and an implanted device - has under gone dramatic refinement over a much shorter period, the past century. Feedback guided electrical stimulation (a key component of cybernetics) is more recent still-less than a quarter century. Examples of major advances in the technology employed in the brain-machine inter face are presented, for both electrical and chemical activity in the brain. A first step towards a “neural prosthesis” or implanted replacement for a principal component of the brain's network architecture - a bioinspired synapse - is described. As noted by Norbert Wiener 75 years ago, technological advancements come with the danger that they may be used for nefarious purposes.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128868610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532563
V. Dusek
Norbert Weiner preferred continuous processes and functions to discrete ones. Despite his very early proposal for a digital computer, Wiener's stochastic functions and prosthetic devices involved continuous (though often non-differentiable) functions. The contrast between continuous and discrete has pervaded all fields of science. Atomism, both ancient and modern, has had association with competitive social individualism. I suggest that the discrete unit model that pervades most contemporary theory of computation tends to be associated with social individualism. Wiener would have looked askance at the libertarian individualism and lack of a sense of communal cooperation characterizing most of the rise of the internet.
{"title":"Wiener's “Continuism” in Cybernetics and its Social Implications","authors":"V. Dusek","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532563","url":null,"abstract":"Norbert Weiner preferred continuous processes and functions to discrete ones. Despite his very early proposal for a digital computer, Wiener's stochastic functions and prosthetic devices involved continuous (though often non-differentiable) functions. The contrast between continuous and discrete has pervaded all fields of science. Atomism, both ancient and modern, has had association with competitive social individualism. I suggest that the discrete unit model that pervades most contemporary theory of computation tends to be associated with social individualism. Wiener would have looked askance at the libertarian individualism and lack of a sense of communal cooperation characterizing most of the rise of the internet.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"192 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127318315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532526
A. Jhunjhunwala, K. Jha, Anson Sando
India is highly dependent on coal for producing its electricity. Even though the per-capita emissions of GHG in India is lower than that of most developed, its total emissions of GHG is close to some of the big polluters. No wonder there is an increasing pressure on India to move towards Renewable Energy (RE). India now produces solar and wind-based electricity at costs lower or comparable to that of coal-based electricity. However, while coal-based electricity generation can be increased or decreased at will to match demand, that is not the case for solar and wind-based electricity, as the quantity produced entirely depends on nature, the sun-hours and the wind-hours. Only way generation could match demand is if there are massive energy-storage systems. This paper examines how office and commercial complexes in India can take the lead in becoming a 100% RE user by installing energy storage systems and carrying out effective energy management. It would show that this can be done to reduce the cost of electricity for such complexes, while they become near-100% RE users. The industrial-complexes and housing complexes may use a similar strategy to become an RE-user and this would help move India substantially towards 100% RE. The paper examines the technology and economic challenges that have to be overcome to get there.
{"title":"Some steps for India to move towards 100% Renewable Energy","authors":"A. Jhunjhunwala, K. Jha, Anson Sando","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532526","url":null,"abstract":"India is highly dependent on coal for producing its electricity. Even though the per-capita emissions of GHG in India is lower than that of most developed, its total emissions of GHG is close to some of the big polluters. No wonder there is an increasing pressure on India to move towards Renewable Energy (RE). India now produces solar and wind-based electricity at costs lower or comparable to that of coal-based electricity. However, while coal-based electricity generation can be increased or decreased at will to match demand, that is not the case for solar and wind-based electricity, as the quantity produced entirely depends on nature, the sun-hours and the wind-hours. Only way generation could match demand is if there are massive energy-storage systems. This paper examines how office and commercial complexes in India can take the lead in becoming a 100% RE user by installing energy storage systems and carrying out effective energy management. It would show that this can be done to reduce the cost of electricity for such complexes, while they become near-100% RE users. The industrial-complexes and housing complexes may use a similar strategy to become an RE-user and this would help move India substantially towards 100% RE. The paper examines the technology and economic challenges that have to be overcome to get there.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129215312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532523
M. Guha, Jai C. Galliott
This paper leverages Norbert Weiner's cybernetic paradigm to understand and contextualize the nature and character of the emergent battlespace in the Age of Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Weapon Systems. Given the emergence of the Internet of Things, which is co-constituting a technogeographical space, this paper contends that it is more productive to think of the emergent battlespace in cybernetic than in digital terms, which not only allows for the re-evaluation of the human, weapons, tactical mix, but which also necessitates a reassessment of the ethical concerns of warfare in the 21st Century.
{"title":"The Teleological Battlespace: Leveraging Norbert Weiner's Cybernetic Paradigm","authors":"M. Guha, Jai C. Galliott","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532523","url":null,"abstract":"This paper leverages Norbert Weiner's cybernetic paradigm to understand and contextualize the nature and character of the emergent battlespace in the Age of Artificial Intelligence and Autonomous Weapon Systems. Given the emergence of the Internet of Things, which is co-constituting a technogeographical space, this paper contends that it is more productive to think of the emergent battlespace in cybernetic than in digital terms, which not only allows for the re-evaluation of the human, weapons, tactical mix, but which also necessitates a reassessment of the ethical concerns of warfare in the 21st Century.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121576606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532522
N. Kalaiyarasi, T. Gopal
“Human technologies are made by humans, for humans”. In recent days pairing people with the system is getting easier. The systems and tools we use are becoming increasingly intelligent and more interconnected with autonomous behavior giving birth to cyber physical systems. The advances in the miniaturization of computation makes our tool behave intelligent using Artificial Intelligence. This intelligence in the form of a software where the inputs are taken from entities of real-time systems. The ultimate goal of the future research should be to emulate the functions of human-human and human-autonomy teams directly and evaluate their joint performance and contributions. Armed with this approach and existing technologies we can uncover novel approaches in Industry 4.0 and this paper ends with the overview of human-machine autonomy and ergonomics at variable autonomy.
{"title":"Ergonomics of Human Machine Integration in Variable Autonomy","authors":"N. Kalaiyarasi, T. Gopal","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532522","url":null,"abstract":"“Human technologies are made by humans, for humans”. In recent days pairing people with the system is getting easier. The systems and tools we use are becoming increasingly intelligent and more interconnected with autonomous behavior giving birth to cyber physical systems. The advances in the miniaturization of computation makes our tool behave intelligent using Artificial Intelligence. This intelligence in the form of a software where the inputs are taken from entities of real-time systems. The ultimate goal of the future research should be to emulate the functions of human-human and human-autonomy teams directly and evaluate their joint performance and contributions. Armed with this approach and existing technologies we can uncover novel approaches in Industry 4.0 and this paper ends with the overview of human-machine autonomy and ergonomics at variable autonomy.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121230542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532581
Katina Michael
This paper presents a conceptual framework for Ethical, Legal and Social Aspects (ELSA) of the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency's (DARPA) ADvanced Acclimation and Protection Tool for Environmental Readiness (ADAPTER) Program. ADAPTER aims to develop a travel adapter for the human body, an implantable or ingestible bioelectronic carrier. This paper is written in my capacity as an unpaid ELSI panelist providing insights to the project and technical teams engaged with ADAPTER. The methodology employed in the work uses normativity to address the question of desirability and permissibility of an implantable for warfighters to achieve the goal of better sleep cycles and the diminishment of traveler's diarrhea. The paper's contribution is in defining ELSI, understanding ELSI aspects embedded in socio-technical systems design, the role of transdisciplinarity when applying ELSI, and presenting a conceptual framework that will be used to interrogate ADAPTER throughout the lifetime of the Program.
{"title":"DARPA's ADAPTER Program: Applying the ELSI Approach to a Semi-Autonomous Complex Socio-Technical System","authors":"Katina Michael","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532581","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a conceptual framework for Ethical, Legal and Social Aspects (ELSA) of the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency's (DARPA) ADvanced Acclimation and Protection Tool for Environmental Readiness (ADAPTER) Program. ADAPTER aims to develop a travel adapter for the human body, an implantable or ingestible bioelectronic carrier. This paper is written in my capacity as an unpaid ELSI panelist providing insights to the project and technical teams engaged with ADAPTER. The methodology employed in the work uses normativity to address the question of desirability and permissibility of an implantable for warfighters to achieve the goal of better sleep cycles and the diminishment of traveler's diarrhea. The paper's contribution is in defining ELSI, understanding ELSI aspects embedded in socio-technical systems design, the role of transdisciplinarity when applying ELSI, and presenting a conceptual framework that will be used to interrogate ADAPTER throughout the lifetime of the Program.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133923061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21cw48944.2021.9532558
{"title":"21CW2021 Online Conference Committee","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/21cw48944.2021.9532558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21cw48944.2021.9532558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115179400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-22DOI: 10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532512
J. Joseph, Nirmala Santiago
Tourism is a major source of revenue for many countries around the world. It provides jobs for the local residents, preserves natural resources, and uplifts culture and heritage, further economically benefiting the destination. In order to improve tourism, a system is developed which analyses the social media activity of users to understand their emotions. Sentiment analysis is generally done on text from comments or reviews, but this new system takes a different approach and tries to perform a sentiment analysis on the images that a user likes on social networking applications and detects features from these images to understand the mood of the user. These images are classified as ‘happy’ or ‘sad’, which is used to develop a context-based recommender system. To facilitate this several classification methods are implemented and compared to obtain the best method. The images are classified using Convolutional neural networks with different numbers of layers, by using Transfer learning with VGG16 and Inception Model, and by adding a novel layer of bilinear pooling to the VGG16 model to study its effect on the performance. The psychological effects of the emotion of a user on tourism recommendations are studied and relevant recommendations are made.
{"title":"An Intelligent Image Based Recommendation System for Tourism","authors":"J. Joseph, Nirmala Santiago","doi":"10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21CW48944.2021.9532512","url":null,"abstract":"Tourism is a major source of revenue for many countries around the world. It provides jobs for the local residents, preserves natural resources, and uplifts culture and heritage, further economically benefiting the destination. In order to improve tourism, a system is developed which analyses the social media activity of users to understand their emotions. Sentiment analysis is generally done on text from comments or reviews, but this new system takes a different approach and tries to perform a sentiment analysis on the images that a user likes on social networking applications and detects features from these images to understand the mood of the user. These images are classified as ‘happy’ or ‘sad’, which is used to develop a context-based recommender system. To facilitate this several classification methods are implemented and compared to obtain the best method. The images are classified using Convolutional neural networks with different numbers of layers, by using Transfer learning with VGG16 and Inception Model, and by adding a novel layer of bilinear pooling to the VGG16 model to study its effect on the performance. The psychological effects of the emotion of a user on tourism recommendations are studied and relevant recommendations are made.","PeriodicalId":239334,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128753907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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