Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics最新文献

英文中文

[Research progress on the pathogenesis autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease]. 【常染色体隐性遗传性多囊肾病发病机制的研究进展】。

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230209-00086

H X Li, R C Che, A H Zhang, G X Ding

引用次数: 0

[Clinical characteristics and related factors analysis of adrenal crisis occurred in children with primary nephrotic syndrome]. 【原发性肾病综合征患儿肾上腺危象的临床特点及相关因素分析】。

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230509-00323

N Guan, H J Xiao, B G Su, X H Zhong, F Wang, S N Zhu

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and related factors of corticosteroid induced adrenal crisis (AC) in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (NS). Methods: Case control study. The case group included 7 children aged 1 to 18 years with NS combined with AC hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital from January 2016 to May 2021 (AC group). According to the ratio of case group: control group 1: 4, 28 children aged 1 to 18 years who were diagnosed with NS without AC during the same period were matched as controls (non-AC group). Clinical data were collected. The clinical characteristics of AC were described. The clinical parameters were compared between the 2 groups by t test, Mann-Whitney U test or Fisher's test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the cutoff values of clinical parameters for prediction of AC. Results: The AC group included 4 boys and 3 girls aged 6.9 (4.6, 10.8) years. The non-AC group included 20 boys and 8 girls aged 5.2 (3.3, 8.4) years. All AC events occurred during the relapse of NS with infection. Seven children had gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Six children had poor mental state or impaired consciousness. No significant differences in NS course, corticosteroid treatment course, corticosteroid type, steroid dosage, steroid medication interval, the proportion of gastroenteritis and fever existed between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the non-AC group, the duration from the onset of the relapse of NS until hospitalization in the AC group was significantly shorter (0.2 (0.1, 0.6) vs. 1.0 (0.4, 5.0) month,U=25.50, P=0.005). The 24 h urinary total protein (UTP) level was significantly higher in the AC group (193 (135, 429) vs. 81 (17, 200) mg/kg, U=27.00,P=0.036) than the non-AC group. The serum albumin level in the AC group was significantly lower((13.1±2.1) vs. (24.5±8.7) g/L,t=-6.22,P<0.001) than the non-AC group. There were significantly higher total white blood cell counts ((26±9)×109 vs. (11±5)×109/L,t=4.26,P=0.004), percentage of neutrophils (0.71±0.08 vs. 0.60±0.19,t=2.56,P=0.017) and the proportion of children with C reactive protein level≥8 mg/L (3/7 vs. 0,P=0.005) in the AC group than in the non-AC group. ROC curve analysis showed that the cutoff value of 24 h UTP was 122 mg/(kg·d) with a sensitivity of 100.0% and specificity of 70.4%. The cutoff value of serum albumin was 17.0 g/L with a sensitivity of 100.0% and specificity of 82.1%. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms and poor mental state were prominent manifestations of AC in children with NS. High 24 h UTP level, low serum albumin level, high peripheral white blood cell counts, high neutrophils percentage, and high C-reactive protein level during the early s

目的：探讨儿童原发性肾病综合征（NS）皮质类固醇诱发肾上腺危象（AC）的临床特点及相关因素。方法：病例对照研究。病例组包括2016年1月至2021年5月在北京大学第一医院住院的7名1至18岁NS合并AC的儿童（AC组）。根据病例组与对照组1:4的比例，将同期诊断为NS但无AC的28名1至18岁儿童作为对照组（非AC组）。收集临床数据。介绍了AC的临床特点。通过t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验或Fisher检验比较两组的临床参数。受试者操作特征（ROC）曲线用于分析预测AC的临床参数的临界值。结果：AC组包括4名男孩和3名女孩，年龄分别为6.9（4.6，10.8）岁。非AC组包括20名男孩和8名女孩，年龄分别为5.2岁（3.3岁、8.4岁）。所有AC事件均发生在NS感染复发期间。7名儿童出现恶心、呕吐和腹痛等胃肠道症状。六名儿童精神状态不佳或意识受损。两组在NS病程、皮质类固醇疗程、皮质类固醇种类、类固醇用量、类固醇用药间隔、肠胃炎和发热比例等方面无显著性差异（均P>0.05），AC组从NS复发到住院的时间显著缩短（0.2（0.1，0.6）vs.1.0（0.4，5.0）个月，U=25.50，P=0.005）。AC组24小时尿总蛋白（UTP）水平显著高于非AC组（193（135429）vs.81（17200）mg/kg，U=27.00，P=0.036）。AC组的血清白蛋白水平显著低于非AC组（（13.1±2.1）vs.（24.5±8.7）g/L，t=-6.22，P9vs.（11±5）×109/L，t=4.26，P=0.004），中性粒细胞百分比（0.71±0.08 vs.0.60±0.19，t=2.56，P=0.017），C反应蛋白水平≥8 mg/L的儿童比例（3/7 vs.0，P=0.005）。ROC曲线分析显示，24 h UTP的临界值为122mg/（kg·d），敏感性为100.0%，特异性为70.4%；血清白蛋白的临界值是17.0g/L，敏感性为100.%，特异度为82.1%。NS复发早期高24小时UTP水平、低血清白蛋白水平、高外周白细胞计数、高中性粒细胞百分比和高C反应蛋白水平可能与NS儿童AC的发生有关。

{"title":"[Clinical characteristics and related factors analysis of adrenal crisis occurred in children with primary nephrotic syndrome].","authors":"N Guan, H J Xiao, B G Su, X H Zhong, F Wang, S N Zhu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230509-00323","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230509-00323","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and related factors of corticosteroid induced adrenal crisis (AC) in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (NS). Methods: Case control study. The case group included 7 children aged 1 to 18 years with NS combined with AC hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital from January 2016 to May 2021 (AC group). According to the ratio of case group: control group 1: 4, 28 children aged 1 to 18 years who were diagnosed with NS without AC during the same period were matched as controls (non-AC group). Clinical data were collected. The clinical characteristics of AC were described. The clinical parameters were compared between the 2 groups by t test, Mann-Whitney U test or Fisher's test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the cutoff values of clinical parameters for prediction of AC. Results: The AC group included 4 boys and 3 girls aged 6.9 (4.6, 10.8) years. The non-AC group included 20 boys and 8 girls aged 5.2 (3.3, 8.4) years. All AC events occurred during the relapse of NS with infection. Seven children had gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Six children had poor mental state or impaired consciousness. No significant differences in NS course, corticosteroid treatment course, corticosteroid type, steroid dosage, steroid medication interval, the proportion of gastroenteritis and fever existed between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the non-AC group, the duration from the onset of the relapse of NS until hospitalization in the AC group was significantly shorter (0.2 (0.1, 0.6) vs. 1.0 (0.4, 5.0) month,U=25.50, P=0.005). The 24 h urinary total protein (UTP) level was significantly higher in the AC group (193 (135, 429) vs. 81 (17, 200) mg/kg, U=27.00,P=0.036) than the non-AC group. The serum albumin level in the AC group was significantly lower((13.1±2.1) vs. (24.5±8.7) g/L,t=-6.22,P<0.001) than the non-AC group. There were significantly higher total white blood cell counts ((26±9)×109 vs. (11±5)×109/L,t=4.26,P=0.004), percentage of neutrophils (0.71±0.08 vs. 0.60±0.19,t=2.56,P=0.017) and the proportion of children with C reactive protein level≥8 mg/L (3/7 vs. 0,P=0.005) in the AC group than in the non-AC group. ROC curve analysis showed that the cutoff value of 24 h UTP was 122 mg/(kg·d) with a sensitivity of 100.0% and specificity of 70.4%. The cutoff value of serum albumin was 17.0 g/L with a sensitivity of 100.0% and specificity of 82.1%. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms and poor mental state were prominent manifestations of AC in children with NS. High 24 h UTP level, low serum albumin level, high peripheral white blood cell counts, high neutrophils percentage, and high C-reactive protein level during the early s","PeriodicalId":23998,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics","volume":"61 9","pages":"805-810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10128835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Autologous umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of severe skin injury in an extremely low birth weight infant]. [自体脐带间充质干细胞治疗极低出生体重婴儿严重皮肤损伤]。

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230324-00206

G C Chen, T Yang, Q Zhao, J M Tang, H Chuan, L Lin, H X Gao

引用次数: 0

[Diagnosis and treatment of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis in children]. 儿童抗中性粒细胞细胞质抗体相关性血管炎的诊断与治疗

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230703-00437

A H Zhang, C H Zhu

引用次数: 0

[Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Fabry disease]. [法布里病的诊断和治疗的最新进展]。

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230314-00179

J L Liu, H Xu

引用次数: 0

[Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans in children (2023)]. [小儿闭塞性细支气管炎诊治专家共识（2023）]。

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230301-00146

引用次数: 0

[A control study of steroid withdrawal protection strategy after kidney transplantation in children]. [儿童肾移植后类固醇停药保护策略对照研究]。

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230212-00097

J Y Lu, M Zhang, J A Lin, H R Chen, Y J Li, X Gao, C X Wang, L S Liu, X Liao

Objective: To study the influence of steroid withdrawal protection strategy on height growth in pediatric patients after kidney transplantation. Methods: The prospective cohort study enrolled 40 stage 5 chronic kidney disease children receiving kidney transplantation from July 2017 to September 2022 at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center. Based on the primary preoperative disease, patients with immune abnormality-associated glomerular diseases or unknown causes were assigned to the steroid maintenance group, in which patients received steroid tapering within 3 months after surgery to a maintenance dose of 2.5 to 5.0 mg/d. While patients with hereditary kidney disease or congenital urinary malformations were assigned to the steroid withdrawal group, in which patients had steroids tapered off within 3 months. The characteristics of height catch-up growth and clinical data were compared between the 2 groups at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after kidney transplantation. T-test, repeated measurement of variance analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher exact test were used for the comparison between the 2 groups. Results: Among the 40 children, 17 were males, 23 were females, 25 were in the steroid withdraw group ((7.8±2.8) years old when receiving kidney transplantation) and 15 cases were in the steroid maintenance group ((7.6±3.5) years old when receiving kidney transplantation). The study population was followed up for (26±12) months. The total dose per unit body weight of steroids in the steroid withdrawal group was lower than that in the steroid maintenance group ((0.13±0.06) vs. (0.36±0.19) mg/(kg·d), t=5.83, P<0.001). The height catch-up rate (ΔHtSDS) in the first year after kidney transplantation in the steroid withdraw and steroid maintenance groups was 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) and 0.4 (0.1, 1.0), respectively; in the second year, the ΔHtSDS in the steroid withdraw group was significantly higher than that in the steroid maintenance group (1.1 (0.2, 1.7) vs. 0.3 (0, 0.8), U=28.00, P=0.039). The HtSDS in the steroid withdrawal group at the five follow-up time points was -2.5±0.8, -2.0±0.8, -1.5±0.8, -1.3±0.9 and -0.5±0.3, respectively, while in the steroid maintenance was -2.4±1.3, -2.2±1.1, -2.0±1.0, -1.8±1.0 and -1.6±1.0, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in HtSDS at different follow-up time points in both 2 groups (F=19.81, P<0.01), but no statistical differences in overall impact between the 2 groups (F=1.13, P=0.204). The steroid treatment was interaction with the increase of follow-up time (F=3.62, P=0.009). At the 24^th month after transplantation, the HtSDS in the steroid withdrawal group was significantly higher than that in the steroid maintenance group (P=0.047). Six patients in the steroid withdrawal group experienced antibody-mediated immune rejection (AMR), while 3

目的:探讨类固醇停药保护策略对儿童肾移植术后患者身高生长的影响。方法:前瞻性队列研究纳入了2017年7月至2022年9月在广州妇女儿童医疗中心接受肾移植的40名5期慢性肾病儿童。根据术前原发疾病，将免疫异常相关肾小球疾病或原因不明的患者分配到类固醇维持组，患者在术后3个月内接受类固醇逐渐减少，维持剂量为2.5 - 5.0 mg/d。而患有遗传性肾病或先天性泌尿系统畸形的患者被分配到类固醇停药组，其中患者在3个月内逐渐停用类固醇。比较两组患者在肾移植后基线、6、12、18、24个月的身高追赶生长特征及临床资料。两组间比较采用t检验、重复计量方差分析、Mann-Whitney U检验和Fisher精确检验。结果:40例患儿中，男性17例，女性23例，类固醇停用组25例(肾移植时为(7.8±2.8)岁)，类固醇维持组15例(肾移植时为(7.6±3.5)岁)。随访时间为(26±12)个月。类固醇停药组类固醇单位体重总剂量低于类固醇维持组((0.13±0.06)vs(0.36±0.19)mg/(kg·d)， t=5.83, pv = 0.3 (0,0.8)， U=28.00, P=0.039)。类固醇停药组HtSDS在5个随访时间点分别为-2.5±0.8、-2.0±0.8、-1.5±0.8、-1.3±0.9和-0.5±0.3，而类固醇维持组HtSDS分别为-2.4±1.3、-2.2±1.1、-2.0±1.0、-1.8±1.0和-1.6±1.0。两组患者HtSDS在不同随访时间点的差异均有统计学意义(F=19.81, PF=1.13, P=0.204)。类固醇治疗与随访时间的增加呈交互作用(F=3.62, P=0.009)。移植后24个月，类固醇停药组HtSDS显著高于类固醇维持组(P=0.047)。类固醇停药组有6例患者出现抗体介导的免疫排斥反应(AMR)，而类固醇维持组有3例。两组间AMR比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.06, P=0.814)。结论:类固醇停药保护策略有利于儿童肾移植术后患者身高的追赶性生长，不会增加术后抗体介导的免疫排斥反应的风险。

{"title":"[A control study of steroid withdrawal protection strategy after kidney transplantation in children].","authors":"J Y Lu, M Zhang, J A Lin, H R Chen, Y J Li, X Gao, C X Wang, L S Liu, X Liao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230212-00097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230212-00097","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the influence of steroid withdrawal protection strategy on height growth in pediatric patients after kidney transplantation. Methods: The prospective cohort study enrolled 40 stage 5 chronic kidney disease children receiving kidney transplantation from July 2017 to September 2022 at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center. Based on the primary preoperative disease, patients with immune abnormality-associated glomerular diseases or unknown causes were assigned to the steroid maintenance group, in which patients received steroid tapering within 3 months after surgery to a maintenance dose of 2.5 to 5.0 mg/d. While patients with hereditary kidney disease or congenital urinary malformations were assigned to the steroid withdrawal group, in which patients had steroids tapered off within 3 months. The characteristics of height catch-up growth and clinical data were compared between the 2 groups at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after kidney transplantation. T-test, repeated measurement of variance analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher exact test were used for the comparison between the 2 groups. Results: Among the 40 children, 17 were males, 23 were females, 25 were in the steroid withdraw group ((7.8±2.8) years old when receiving kidney transplantation) and 15 cases were in the steroid maintenance group ((7.6±3.5) years old when receiving kidney transplantation). The study population was followed up for (26±12) months. The total dose per unit body weight of steroids in the steroid withdrawal group was lower than that in the steroid maintenance group ((0.13±0.06) vs. (0.36±0.19) mg/(kg·d), t=5.83, P<0.001). The height catch-up rate (ΔHtSDS) in the first year after kidney transplantation in the steroid withdraw and steroid maintenance groups was 1.0 (0.7, 1.4) and 0.4 (0.1, 1.0), respectively; in the second year, the ΔHtSDS in the steroid withdraw group was significantly higher than that in the steroid maintenance group (1.1 (0.2, 1.7) vs. 0.3 (0, 0.8), U=28.00, P=0.039). The HtSDS in the steroid withdrawal group at the five follow-up time points was -2.5±0.8, -2.0±0.8, -1.5±0.8, -1.3±0.9 and -0.5±0.3, respectively, while in the steroid maintenance was -2.4±1.3, -2.2±1.1, -2.0±1.0, -1.8±1.0 and -1.6±1.0, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in HtSDS at different follow-up time points in both 2 groups (F=19.81, P<0.01), but no statistical differences in overall impact between the 2 groups (F=1.13, P=0.204). The steroid treatment was interaction with the increase of follow-up time (F=3.62, P=0.009). At the 24th month after transplantation, the HtSDS in the steroid withdrawal group was significantly higher than that in the steroid maintenance group (P=0.047). Six patients in the steroid withdrawal group experienced antibody-mediated immune rejection (AMR), while 3 ","PeriodicalId":23998,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics","volume":"61 9","pages":"799-804"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10125566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Diagnosis and treatment of familial adenomatous polyposis in children]. 【儿童家族性腺瘤性息肉病的诊断与治疗】。

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230221-00117

Y L Hu, W X Chen, Y Jin, H Yang

引用次数: 0

[Evidence-based guideline for diagnosis and treatment of pediatric anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated glomerulonephritis (2023)]. [小儿抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关性肾小球肾炎循证诊疗指南（2023）]。

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230531-00368

引用次数: 0

[Investigation of extrauterine growth restriction in very preterm infants in Chinese neonatal intensive care units]. [中国新生儿重症监护病房极早产儿宫外生长受限的调查]。

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230609-00388

Y Y Lyu, Y Cao, Y X Chen, H Y Wang, L Zhou, Y Wang, Y C Wang, S Y Jiang, K L E E Lee, L Li, J H Sun

Objective: To comprehensively assess the current status of extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in very preterm infants (VPI) and its associated factors in Chinese neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Methods: In this cohort study, 6 179 preterm infants born at <32 weeks' gestation were included, who were admitted to 57 hospitals in the China Neonatal Network in 2019 and hospitalized for ≥7 days. EUGR was evaluated by a cross-sectional definition (weight at discharge<10^th percentile for postmenstrual age), a longitudinal definition (decline in weight Z score>1 from birth to discharge), and weight growth velocity. The comparison between infants with and without EUGR was conducted by t-test, Mann-Whitney U test or χ² test as appropriate. Multivariable Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between EUGR with different definitions and maternal and neonatal factors, clinical practices, and neonatal morbidities. Results: A total of 6 179 VPI were enrolled in the study, with a gestational age of (29.8±1.5) weeks and birth weight of (1 365±304) g; 56.2% (3 474) of them were male. Among them, 48.4% (2 992 VPI) were cross-sectional EUGR and 74.9% (4 628 VPI) were longitudinal EUGR. Z score of weight was (0.13±0.78) at birth and decrease to (-1.35±0.99) at discharge. The weight growth velocity was 10.13 (8.42, 11.66) g/(kg·d). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that among the influential factors that could be intervened after birth, late attainment of full enteral feeds (OR_adjust=1.01, 95%CI 1.01-1.02, P<0.001; OR_adjust=1.01, 95%CI 1.01-1.02, P<0.001), necrotizing enterocolitis≥Ⅱstage (OR_adjust=2.64, 95%CI 1.60-4.35, P<0.001; OR_adjust=1.62, 95%CI 1.10-2.40, P<0.001) and patent ductus arteriosus (OR_adjust=1.94, 95%CI 1.50-2.51, P<0.001; OR_adjust=1.63, 95%CI 1.29-2.06, P<0.001) were all associated with increased risks of both cross-sectional and longitudinal EUGR. In addition, late initiation of enteral feeds (OR_adjust=1.06, 95%CI 1.02-1.09, P=0.020) and respiratory distress syndrome (OR_adjust=1.45, 95%CI 1.24-1.69, P<0.001) were all associated with cross-sectional EUGR. Breast milk feeding (OR_adjust=1.33, 95%CI 1.05-1.68, P<0.001) was associated with a higher risk of longitudinal EUGR. Conclusions: The incidence of EUGR in VPI in China is high. Some modifiable risk factors provide priorities to improve postnatal growth for VPI. Nutritional management of VPI and the efforts to decrease the incidence of complications are still the focus of clinical management in China.

目的:综合评价我国新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)极早产儿(VPI)的宫外生长受限(EUGR)现状及其相关因素。方法:在本队列研究中，6179名在经后年龄百分位数出生的早产儿，纵向定义(出生至出院体重Z评分下降>1)和体重增长速度。EUGR患儿与非EUGR患儿的比较采用t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验或χ2检验。采用多变量Logistic回归模型评估不同定义的EUGR与孕产妇和新生儿因素、临床实践和新生儿发病率之间的关系。结果:共纳入6 179例VPI，胎龄(29.8±1.5)周，出生体重(1 365±304)g;男性占56.2%(3 474人)。其中，横断面EUGR为48.4%(2 992个VPI)，纵向EUGR为74.9%(4 628个VPI)。体重Z评分出生时为(0.13±0.78)分，出院时为(-1.35±0.99)分。增重速度分别为10.13(8.42)、11.66)g/(kg·d)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，在出生后可干预的影响因素中，较晚获得全肠内喂养(ORadjust=1.01, 95%CI 1.01-1.02, PORadjust=1.01, 95%CI 1.01-1.02, PORadjust=2.64, 95%CI 1.60-4.35, PORadjust=1.62, 95%CI 1.10-2.40, PORadjust=1.94, 95%CI 1.50-2.51, PORadjust=1.63, 95%CI 1.29-2.06, PORadjust=1.06, 95%CI 1.02-1.09, P=0.020)和呼吸窘迫综合征(ORadjust=1.45, 95%CI 1.24-1.69, PORadjust=1.33, 95%CI 1.05-1.68，结论:中国VPI患者EUGR发生率较高。一些可改变的风险因素为改善VPI的出生后生长提供了优先考虑。VPI的营养管理和降低并发症的发生率仍然是中国临床管理的重点。

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