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Handbook on the Politics of Small States最新文献

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Small states: public management and policy-making 小国:公共管理和决策
Pub Date : 2020-03-04 DOI: 10.4337/9781788112932.00010
K. Sarapuu, Tiina Randma-Liiv
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引用次数: 9
ASIA AND THE PACIFIC 亚洲及太平洋地区
Pub Date : 2015-07-24 DOI: 10.4337/9781788112932.00027
Sean Williams
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引用次数: 0
CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN 中南美洲和加勒比地区
Pub Date : 2003-09-02 DOI: 10.4324/9780203168127-97
E. Díaz
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引用次数: 1
MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA 中东和非洲
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4337/9781788112932.00020
Carla E. Humud
After more than a decade of combating Al Qaeda in Afghanistan and Pakistan, the United States now faces an increasingly diverse threat from Al Qaeda affiliates in the Middle East and Africa and from emerging groups that have adopted aspects of Al Qaeda's ideology but operate relatively or completely autonomously from the group's senior leadership. U.S. counterterrorism debates have focused on " formal " Al Qaeda affiliates, and policymakers increasingly are considering options for addressing the range of threats posed by the wider spectrum of groups inspired by—or similar in goals and aspirations to—Al Qaeda. An additional challenge is the fluid nature of the threat, given the apparent fragmentation of Al Qaeda, and Ayman al Zawahiri's struggle to assert leadership of the group in light of challengers such as Islamic State leader Abu Bakr al Baghdadi. Finally, concerns regarding these issues might shape ongoing reevaluations of the federal statutes that underpin current U.S. counterterrorism policy, including the 2001 Authorization for Use of Military Force (AUMF, P.L. 107-40). In addition to the AUMF, Congress has addressed the emergence of Al Qaeda affiliates through a number of channels, including oversight of executive branch counterterrorism policies and practices; authorization and appropriations of U.S. funds for counterterrorism operations; and assistance for partner nations engaged in such operations. Note: In addition to focusing on Al Qaeda affiliates, or groups that have publicly sworn allegiance to Al Qaeda leadership and been formally accepted as affiliates, this report also profiles a selection of other groups such as the Islamic State (formerly known as ISIL or ISIS) and Boko Haram.
在与阿富汗和巴基斯坦的基地组织作战十多年后,美国现在面临着日益多样化的威胁,这些威胁来自基地组织在中东和非洲的分支机构,以及新兴组织,这些组织采用了基地组织意识形态的某些方面,但相对或完全独立于该组织的高级领导层。美国的反恐辩论集中在“正式的”基地组织分支上,政策制定者越来越多地考虑解决受基地组织启发或在目标和抱负上与基地组织相似的更广泛的团体所构成的一系列威胁。另一个挑战是威胁的流动性,考虑到基地组织的明显分裂,以及艾曼·扎瓦希里在伊斯兰国领导人阿布·巴克尔·巴格达迪等挑战者面前难以确立该组织的领导权。最后,对这些问题的关注可能会影响对支持当前美国反恐政策的联邦法规的重新评估,包括2001年使用军事力量的授权(AUMF, P.L. 107-40)。除AUMF外,国会还通过多种渠道应对基地组织附属机构的出现,包括监督行政部门的反恐政策和做法;美国反恐行动资金的授权和拨款;并为参与此类行动的伙伴国提供援助。注:除了关注基地组织附属组织,或公开宣誓效忠基地组织领导层并被正式接受为附属组织的组织外,本报告还介绍了一些其他组织,如伊斯兰国(以前称为ISIL或ISIS)和博科圣地。
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引用次数: 8
INTRODUCING SMALL STATES 介绍小州
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4337/9781788112932.00006
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引用次数: 0
BEYOND SOVEREIGNTY? SEMI/NON-SOVEREIGN SMALL STATES AND TERRITORIES 超越主权?半/非主权小国和领土
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.4337/9781788112932.00032
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引用次数: 0
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Handbook on the Politics of Small States
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