Pub Date : 2019-02-15DOI: 10.1017/9781787443891.006
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Pub Date : 2019-02-15DOI: 10.1017/9781787443891.014
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Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.1017/9781787443891.004
J. Dale
In February 1111 Henry V's plan to receive imperial coronation was thrown into disarray when Pope Paschal II refused to crown him emperor unless he first renounced episcopal investiture. Following a tumultuous meeting at St Peter's on 12 February, Henry took the pope and a number of his cardinals captive. He held them until he had exhorted a privilege allowing him to continue investing bishops with a ring and staff. This privilege (soon after dubbed a pravilegium or ‘bad law’) was formally confirmed during Henry's imperial inauguration, which took place on 11 April. Some details of this ceremony were recorded by David Scottus, bishop of Bangor, who was apparently present as an imperial chaplain. His original account does not survive, but versions of it were incorporated into the anonymous Latin Kaiserchronik ( c. 1114) and, with significantly more detail, by William of Malmesbury into his Gesta regum Anglorum . According to William, David reported that the king was received at the Silver Gate by the bishops and cardinals and the whole clergy of Rome, and the prayer contained in the ordinal being begun by the bishop of Ostia … he was taken to the middle of the Rota, and there was the recipient of a second prayer from the bishop of Porto, as the Roman ordinal prescribes. They then took him with litanies to the shrine of the Apostles, and there the bishop of Ostia anointed him between the shoulders and on the right arm. Next he was taken by the Holy Father to the altar of the same Apostles, and there the pope himself set the crown upon his head, and he was consecrated emperor. After the crowning a mass of the Lord's Resurrection was celebrated, in which before making his communion our lord the pope gave a privilege to the emperor with his own hand. In his report David twice mentions an ordo , which in the second instance is described as romanus . These references are to a liturgical text for imperial inauguration. David has described a number of elements of this rite, including several prayers and the pre-eminent acts of unction and coronation.
1111年2月，亨利五世接受帝国加冕的计划陷入混乱，因为教皇帕斯卡尔二世拒绝为他加冕，除非他首先放弃主教的头衔。2月12日，在圣彼得大教堂举行了一场混乱的会议之后，亨利三世俘虏了教皇和一些红衣主教。他一直控制着他们，直到他获得了一项特权，允许他继续给主教们戴上戒指和权杖。这一特权(很快被称为“特权”或“坏法”)在4月11日亨利的帝国就职典礼上被正式确认。班戈主教大卫·斯科图斯(David Scottus)记录了仪式的一些细节，他显然是作为皇家牧师出席的。他的原始记录没有保存下来，但它的版本被纳入了匿名的拉丁凯撒纪事(约1114年)，并由马姆斯伯里的威廉(William of Malmesbury)纳入了他的《英国纪事》(Gesta regum Anglorum)，其中有更多的细节。根据威廉的说法，大卫报告说，国王在银门受到主教、红衣主教和罗马全体神职人员的欢迎，祷文中包含的祷文由奥斯提亚主教开始……他被带到罗塔的中间，那里有波尔图主教的第二次祷文，这是罗马祷文的规定。然后，他们把他带到了使徒的神殿，在那里，奥斯提亚的主教在他的肩膀之间和右臂上涂了膏。接着，圣父把他带到同一批使徒的祭坛前，教皇亲自把王冠戴在他的头上，他被封为神圣的皇帝。加冕仪式结束后，举行了主复活弥撒，在圣餐前，我们的主教皇亲自给了皇帝一个特权。大卫在他的报告中两次提到ordo，在第二种情况下被描述为romanus。这些参考文献是帝王就职典礼的礼仪文本。大卫描述了这个仪式的一些元素，包括几次祈祷和卓越的涂油仪式和加冕仪式。
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