Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059142
Xin Lin, Lei Huang, Weize Sun
In this paper, a new method to jointly estimate the direction-of-departures and direction-of-arrivals of bistatic multiple-input multiple-output radar in additive impulsive noise is proposed based on parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Since most of the existing method in PARAFAC model are based on the Frobenius norm, which are sensitive to outliers, we utilize the ℓP-norm to measure the residual error tensor, where 1 < p < 2, and transform it to an iterative ℓ2 minimization problem. We first construct the received data with the tensorial structure and then apply an alternative approach based on the iteratively reweighted least squares to recover the factor matrices. In the end, standard subspace techniques, i.e., MUSIC, is proposed for target estimation. Simulation results show that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of mean angular error under α-stable noise.
本文提出了一种基于并行因子分析(PARAFAC)的双基地多输入多输出雷达在加性脉冲噪声条件下的出发方向和到达方向联合估计方法。由于PARAFAC模型中现有的方法大多是基于Frobenius范数，对离群值敏感，我们利用p -范数测量残差张量，其中1 < p < 2，并将其转化为一个迭代的最小化问题。我们首先用张量结构构造接收到的数据，然后应用一种基于迭代加权最小二乘的替代方法来恢复因子矩阵。最后，提出了标准子空间技术，即MUSIC，用于目标估计。仿真结果表明，该方法在α稳定噪声下的平均角误差优于现有方法。
{"title":"ℓp-PARAFAC for joint DOD and DOA estimation in bistatic MIMO radar","authors":"Xin Lin, Lei Huang, Weize Sun","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059142","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new method to jointly estimate the direction-of-departures and direction-of-arrivals of bistatic multiple-input multiple-output radar in additive impulsive noise is proposed based on parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). Since most of the existing method in PARAFAC model are based on the Frobenius norm, which are sensitive to outliers, we utilize the ℓP-norm to measure the residual error tensor, where 1 < p < 2, and transform it to an iterative ℓ2 minimization problem. We first construct the received data with the tensorial structure and then apply an alternative approach based on the iteratively reweighted least squares to recover the factor matrices. In the end, standard subspace techniques, i.e., MUSIC, is proposed for target estimation. Simulation results show that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in terms of mean angular error under α-stable noise.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128690296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059428
Yue Zhang, Yongqiang Guo, Zengping Chen
Ubiquitous radar is a multi-beam staring system that is capable of achieving highly sophisticated Doppler discrimination. This paper focuses on the range-Doppler domain signal processing method for medium PRF (Pulse Repetition Frequency) ubiquitous radar. Firstly, the system architecture is introduced and the range-Doppler domain characteristics are analyzed based on the data of a ubiquitous radar test bed. Then a method of unwanted Doppler echoes detection and analysing is proposed. Finally, a processing scheme is proposed to handle the Doppler ambiguity problem in the medium FPF system. The testing results confirm the feasibility of the proposed method.
{"title":"Range-Doppler domain signal processing for medium PRF ubiquitous radar","authors":"Yue Zhang, Yongqiang Guo, Zengping Chen","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059428","url":null,"abstract":"Ubiquitous radar is a multi-beam staring system that is capable of achieving highly sophisticated Doppler discrimination. This paper focuses on the range-Doppler domain signal processing method for medium PRF (Pulse Repetition Frequency) ubiquitous radar. Firstly, the system architecture is introduced and the range-Doppler domain characteristics are analyzed based on the data of a ubiquitous radar test bed. Then a method of unwanted Doppler echoes detection and analysing is proposed. Finally, a processing scheme is proposed to handle the Doppler ambiguity problem in the medium FPF system. The testing results confirm the feasibility of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124635062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059167
Yunlong Yang, X. Mao, Chunlei Zhao
For the high frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR), the presence of ionospheric clutter seriously degrades its capability of receiving target echoes. Thus various ionospheric clutter mitigation methods are investigated based on space domain. However, the gains of antennas in vertical incidence can lead to channel amplitude inconsistency, which can degrade the performances of aforementioned space-domain-based methods. To solve this problem, a polarimetric-adaptive-based space-polarization collaborative algorithm (PAB-SPCA) is proposed by exploiting polarization domain, and enhances performance of ionospheric clutter suppression in the space-polarization domain. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for channel amplitude consistency and provides superior suppression performance.
{"title":"A space-polarization collaborative algorithm for HFSWR","authors":"Yunlong Yang, X. Mao, Chunlei Zhao","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059167","url":null,"abstract":"For the high frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR), the presence of ionospheric clutter seriously degrades its capability of receiving target echoes. Thus various ionospheric clutter mitigation methods are investigated based on space domain. However, the gains of antennas in vertical incidence can lead to channel amplitude inconsistency, which can degrade the performances of aforementioned space-domain-based methods. To solve this problem, a polarimetric-adaptive-based space-polarization collaborative algorithm (PAB-SPCA) is proposed by exploiting polarization domain, and enhances performance of ionospheric clutter suppression in the space-polarization domain. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for channel amplitude consistency and provides superior suppression performance.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130643724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059282
M. Jahangir, C. Baker
Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are pilotless aircraft (drone) and are characterized by having very small radar cross-sections, relatively slow motion profiles and low operating altitudes compared with manned aircraft. As a direct consequence they are considerably more difficult to detect and track. This is exacerbated in traditional 2-D scanning radar which struggle to find a compromise between the conflicting needs to simultaneously have short re-visit times and high Doppler resolution. Here, we use Holographic Radar™ (HR) that employs a 2-D antenna array and appropriate signal processing to create a multibeam, 3-D, wide-area, staring surveillance sensor capable of achieving high detection sensitivity, whilst providing fine Doppler resolution with update rates of fractions of a second. The ability to continuously dwell on targets over the entire search volume enables HR to achieve a level of processing gain sufficient for detection of very low signature targets such as miniature UAS against a background of complex stationary and moving clutter. In this paper trials results are presented showing detection of a small hexacopter UAS using a 32 by 8 element L-Band receiver array. The necessary high detection sensitivity means that many other small moving targets are detected and tracked, birds being a principle source of clutter. To overcome this a further stage of processing is required to discriminate the UAS from other moving objects. Here, a machine learning decision tree classifier is used to reject non-drone targets resulting in near complete suppression of false tracks whilst maintaining a high probability of detection for the drone.
{"title":"Persistence surveillance of difficult to detect micro-drones with L-band 3-D holographic radar™","authors":"M. Jahangir, C. Baker","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059282","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are pilotless aircraft (drone) and are characterized by having very small radar cross-sections, relatively slow motion profiles and low operating altitudes compared with manned aircraft. As a direct consequence they are considerably more difficult to detect and track. This is exacerbated in traditional 2-D scanning radar which struggle to find a compromise between the conflicting needs to simultaneously have short re-visit times and high Doppler resolution. Here, we use Holographic Radar™ (HR) that employs a 2-D antenna array and appropriate signal processing to create a multibeam, 3-D, wide-area, staring surveillance sensor capable of achieving high detection sensitivity, whilst providing fine Doppler resolution with update rates of fractions of a second. The ability to continuously dwell on targets over the entire search volume enables HR to achieve a level of processing gain sufficient for detection of very low signature targets such as miniature UAS against a background of complex stationary and moving clutter. In this paper trials results are presented showing detection of a small hexacopter UAS using a 32 by 8 element L-Band receiver array. The necessary high detection sensitivity means that many other small moving targets are detected and tracked, birds being a principle source of clutter. To overcome this a further stage of processing is required to discriminate the UAS from other moving objects. Here, a machine learning decision tree classifier is used to reject non-drone targets resulting in near complete suppression of false tracks whilst maintaining a high probability of detection for the drone.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123419867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059463
Haifeng Yang, Yongliang Wang, W. Xie, Yuanshui Di
For adaptive target detection in a collocated Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with a symmetrical spaced linear array, we propose an adaptive detector according to the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) criterion. The proposed detector does not need training data and exploits the persymmetric structures in the receive signal. Simulation results show that the proposed detector significantly outperforms the conventional detectors when the number of the transmit waveform samples is moderate.
{"title":"Persymmetric adaptive target detection without training data in collocated MIMO radar","authors":"Haifeng Yang, Yongliang Wang, W. Xie, Yuanshui Di","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059463","url":null,"abstract":"For adaptive target detection in a collocated Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with a symmetrical spaced linear array, we propose an adaptive detector according to the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) criterion. The proposed detector does not need training data and exploits the persymmetric structures in the receive signal. Simulation results show that the proposed detector significantly outperforms the conventional detectors when the number of the transmit waveform samples is moderate.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123650961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059418
M. Hanqing, Wang Dong, S. Junfeng, Tian Jiang
3D printing is a new technology in antenna manufacturing. In this paper, a wideband 45 degree polarization antenna array is designed and manufactured by metallic 3d printing technology. With the employment of a bulkhead between two ridges, the antenna dimension in the scanning plane is reduced, thus a ±30°scanning capability is achieved. The operating bandwidth of the antenna covers X and Ku bands with 2 octave bandwidth.
{"title":"A wideband 45 degree polarized electrical scanning antenna array manufactured by 3D printing with metals","authors":"M. Hanqing, Wang Dong, S. Junfeng, Tian Jiang","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059418","url":null,"abstract":"3D printing is a new technology in antenna manufacturing. In this paper, a wideband 45 degree polarization antenna array is designed and manufactured by metallic 3d printing technology. With the employment of a bulkhead between two ridges, the antenna dimension in the scanning plane is reduced, thus a ±30°scanning capability is achieved. The operating bandwidth of the antenna covers X and Ku bands with 2 octave bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123655862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059371
Yongping Song, T. Jin, B. Lu, Jiahua Zhu, Zhimin Zhou
The ghost clutter deteriorates target detection in through-the-wall imaging and is difficult to remove without the building structure information. In order to enhance the performance of ghost mitigation, a novel waveform optimization method is put forward in this paper to improve the signal to clutter ratio (SCR). Experiments on practical echo data further illustrate the improvement of SCR while keeping the imaging quality with the application of proposed waveform optimization.
{"title":"Waveform optimization in through-the-wall imaging for ghost mitigation","authors":"Yongping Song, T. Jin, B. Lu, Jiahua Zhu, Zhimin Zhou","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059371","url":null,"abstract":"The ghost clutter deteriorates target detection in through-the-wall imaging and is difficult to remove without the building structure information. In order to enhance the performance of ghost mitigation, a novel waveform optimization method is put forward in this paper to improve the signal to clutter ratio (SCR). Experiments on practical echo data further illustrate the improvement of SCR while keeping the imaging quality with the application of proposed waveform optimization.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121165745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059363
Chao Xie, Yichun Pan, Huan He
For distributed sky-wave over the horizon radar (DSOTHR), we analyzed of shortcomings of the generalized function method to establish its model of sea clutter. At the same time based on perturbation method derived the DSOTHR sea clutter model expression. Finally, the influence of various radar parameters on the sea clutter model is simulated, and presented the typical sea clutter model of DSOTHR after adding noise and the ionosphere broadening.
{"title":"Based on perturbation method of distributed sky-wave over the horizon radar sea clutter modeling","authors":"Chao Xie, Yichun Pan, Huan He","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059363","url":null,"abstract":"For distributed sky-wave over the horizon radar (DSOTHR), we analyzed of shortcomings of the generalized function method to establish its model of sea clutter. At the same time based on perturbation method derived the DSOTHR sea clutter model expression. Finally, the influence of various radar parameters on the sea clutter model is simulated, and presented the typical sea clutter model of DSOTHR after adding noise and the ionosphere broadening.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116219177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059168
Z. Bao, Jianwen Chen, Jiahui Qi
In the Over-The-Horizon Radar (OTHR), the sensing of the ionosphere environment is performed in additional process through a set of separate equipment, resulting low efficiency. On the idea of the cognitive OTHR, an approach to get the information of the ionosphere in the detection cycle is proposed in this paper, enabling the feedback from the receiver to the transmitter. Simulation results testify the validity of the method.
{"title":"Study on ionosphere environment online sensing for cognitive over-the-horizon radar","authors":"Z. Bao, Jianwen Chen, Jiahui Qi","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059168","url":null,"abstract":"In the Over-The-Horizon Radar (OTHR), the sensing of the ionosphere environment is performed in additional process through a set of separate equipment, resulting low efficiency. On the idea of the cognitive OTHR, an approach to get the information of the ionosphere in the detection cycle is proposed in this paper, enabling the feedback from the receiver to the transmitter. Simulation results testify the validity of the method.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116318221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059509
Baiyuan Ding, G. Wen, Xiaohong Huang, Jinrong Zhong, Conghui Ma
Attributed scattering center (ASC) is an important feature for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR). This paper uses Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to model the uncertainties of two ASC sets which are predicted by the template image and extracted from the testing image respectively. Then the distance between the two ASC sets is measured by the L2 distance between their GMMs. Finally, the target type is determined by the distances between the extracted ASC set and various types of predicted ASC sets using a nearest neighbor (NN) classifier. The proposed method avoids the problem of building a one-to-one correspondence between ASC sets so it is efficient and insensitive to noise-caused error and partial occlusion. Experiments on the moving and stationary acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) dataset demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed method.
{"title":"Target recognition in SAR images via Gaussian mixture modeling of attributed scattering center set","authors":"Baiyuan Ding, G. Wen, Xiaohong Huang, Jinrong Zhong, Conghui Ma","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2016.8059509","url":null,"abstract":"Attributed scattering center (ASC) is an important feature for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) automatic target recognition (ATR). This paper uses Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to model the uncertainties of two ASC sets which are predicted by the template image and extracted from the testing image respectively. Then the distance between the two ASC sets is measured by the L2 distance between their GMMs. Finally, the target type is determined by the distances between the extracted ASC set and various types of predicted ASC sets using a nearest neighbor (NN) classifier. The proposed method avoids the problem of building a one-to-one correspondence between ASC sets so it is efficient and insensitive to noise-caused error and partial occlusion. Experiments on the moving and stationary acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) dataset demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":245387,"journal":{"name":"2016 CIE International Conference on Radar (RADAR)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116329190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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