Pub Date : 2020-03-31DOI: 10.1561/9781680836530.ch7
Petruţ A. Bogdan
{"title":"Learning in Neural Networks","authors":"Petruţ A. Bogdan","doi":"10.1561/9781680836530.ch7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/9781680836530.ch7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":247198,"journal":{"name":"SpiNNaker: A Spiking Neural Network Architecture","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133930568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1561/9781680836530.ch4
Andrew Rowley, Oliver Rhodes, Petruţ A. Bogdan, Christian Y. A. Brenninkmeijer, Simon Davidson, Donal K Fellows, S. Furber, A. Gait, Michael Hopkins, D. Lester, M. Mikaitis, L. Plana, A. B. Stokes
{"title":"Stacks of Software Stacks","authors":"Andrew Rowley, Oliver Rhodes, Petruţ A. Bogdan, Christian Y. A. Brenninkmeijer, Simon Davidson, Donal K Fellows, S. Furber, A. Gait, Michael Hopkins, D. Lester, M. Mikaitis, L. Plana, A. B. Stokes","doi":"10.1561/9781680836530.ch4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/9781680836530.ch4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":247198,"journal":{"name":"SpiNNaker: A Spiking Neural Network Architecture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131035546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1561/9781680836523.ch5
Petruţ A. Bogdan, R. James, Gabriel Fonseca Guerra, Garibaldi Pineda García, Basabdatta Sen-Bhattacharya
{"title":"5. Applications - Doing Stuff on the Machine","authors":"Petruţ A. Bogdan, R. James, Gabriel Fonseca Guerra, Garibaldi Pineda García, Basabdatta Sen-Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1561/9781680836523.ch5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/9781680836523.ch5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":247198,"journal":{"name":"SpiNNaker: A Spiking Neural Network Architecture","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124883319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1561/9781680836523.ch3
L. Plana, S. Temple, J. Heathcote, David M. Clark, J. Pepper, J. Garside, S. Furber
{"title":"3. Building SpiNNaker Machines","authors":"L. Plana, S. Temple, J. Heathcote, David M. Clark, J. Pepper, J. Garside, S. Furber","doi":"10.1561/9781680836523.ch3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/9781680836523.ch3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":247198,"journal":{"name":"SpiNNaker: A Spiking Neural Network Architecture","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131955678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1561/9781680836523.ch8
Dave Clark, Andreas Dixius, S. Furber, J. Garside, Michael Hopkins, S. Höppner, Dongwei Hu, Florian Kelber, Gengting Liu, Christian Mayr, M. Mikaitis, Felix Neumärker, J. Partzsch, S. Schiefer, Stefan Scholze, D. Shang, Marco Stolba
{"title":"8. Creating the Future","authors":"Dave Clark, Andreas Dixius, S. Furber, J. Garside, Michael Hopkins, S. Höppner, Dongwei Hu, Florian Kelber, Gengting Liu, Christian Mayr, M. Mikaitis, Felix Neumärker, J. Partzsch, S. Schiefer, Stefan Scholze, D. Shang, Marco Stolba","doi":"10.1561/9781680836523.ch8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/9781680836523.ch8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":247198,"journal":{"name":"SpiNNaker: A Spiking Neural Network Architecture","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133717127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1561/9781680836523.ch7
Petruţ A. Bogdan, Garibaldi Pineda García, Michael Hopkins, E. Jones, James Knight, Adam Perrett
{"title":"7. Learning in Neural Networks","authors":"Petruţ A. Bogdan, Garibaldi Pineda García, Michael Hopkins, E. Jones, James Knight, Adam Perrett","doi":"10.1561/9781680836523.ch7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1561/9781680836523.ch7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":247198,"journal":{"name":"SpiNNaker: A Spiking Neural Network Architecture","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123232888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1561/9781680836530.ch8
Dave Clark
Cosmos & History at its foundation embraced Alfred North Whitehead’s proclamation that the role of universities in general and philosophy in particular is ‘the creation of the future, so far as rational thought, and civilized modes of appreciation, can affect the issue.’ Whitehead believed that humans, including scientists and philosophers, are creating the future whether they acknowledge this or not, and whether or not they accept responsibility for what they are creating. A major problem with intellectual life in the modern world is that scientists and philosophers do not acknowledge they are playing this role and do not consider the implications of the ideas they are developing and the effects of these ideas. Largely, this is because they tacitly accept a Cartesian or Hobbesian world-view according to which humans as conscious beings are either external to the physical world or nothing but epiphenomena generated by bits of matter in motion and the forces of interaction between them. For Cartesians, life is not a matter of creating the future but rearranging matter in the physical world (which includes animals and lesser human beings) to serve extrinsically defined purposes. For Hobbesians, the laws of physics ultimately determine all that people do or think. Any sense of responsibility for their actions or what they produce has to be an illusion, and even consciousness is claimed by some to be an illusion. People are simply machines moved by appetites and aversions inevitably striving to dominate others; if possible, to have the entire world fear and obey them. Those who took consciousness, freedom of will and responsibility seriously pointed out the absurdity of the Hobbesian tradition because it denies the possibility of gaining scientific knowledge on the basis of which these ideas were being rejected. With Kant’s critical philosophy, a new Copernican Revolution was called for, putting human consciousness at the centre of the cosmos as in some sense its
《宇宙与历史》杂志在创立之初就采纳了阿尔弗雷德·诺斯·怀特黑德(Alfred North Whitehead)的宣言，即大学，尤其是哲学的作用是“创造未来，只要理性思维和文明的欣赏模式能够影响这个问题。”怀特黑德认为，人类，包括科学家和哲学家，正在创造未来，不管他们是否承认这一点，也不管他们是否为自己创造的东西承担责任。现代世界智力生活的一个主要问题是，科学家和哲学家不承认他们正在扮演这个角色，也不考虑他们正在发展的思想的含义和这些思想的影响。在很大程度上，这是因为他们默认了笛卡尔或霍布斯的世界观，根据这些世界观，人类作为有意识的存在，要么是外在的物理世界，要么只是由运动中的物质和它们之间相互作用的力量产生的副现象。对于笛卡尔来说，生命不是创造未来，而是重新安排物质世界(包括动物和更少的人类)中的物质，以服务于外在定义的目的。对于霍布斯主义者来说，物理定律最终决定了人们所做或所想的一切。对他们的行为或他们所产生的东西的任何责任感都是一种幻觉，甚至意识也被一些人声称是一种幻觉。人只不过是受欲望和厌恶驱使的机器，不可避免地想要控制别人;如果可能的话，让整个世界都敬畏并服从他们。那些认真对待意识、意志自由和责任的人指出了霍布斯传统的荒谬，因为它否认了获得科学知识的可能性，而这些观点正是在这种可能性的基础上被拒绝的。随着康德的批判哲学，一场新的哥白尼式革命被呼吁，将人类意识置于宇宙的中心，就像在某种意义上的宇宙一样
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