Purpose: The objective this study was to evaluate nitrogen fixation effectiveness, survival and compatibility of the isolates of on two different soils that came from Dabat and Shentia sites at Gondar, Ethiopia. The author recommends that the isolates test their nitrogen fixing potential under field conditions in slightly acidic and neutral soil before being used as commercial biofertilzer inoculants. The present study provides potential nitrogen fixer input for agricultural research centers. Methodology: Soil physicochemical analysis and most probable number were done according to their standard procedure. Three top strains were selected as inoculants for faba beans grown on the slightly acidic Shentia soil and the slightly neutral Dabat soil with their control. The symbiotic effectiveness of the strains was evaluated based on plant agronomy and total nitrogen of the plant. The results of the strains analyzed by SPSS version 26. Findings: The highest rhizobium population size was 5.8 x102 cells g-1 soil, while the lowest was 1.7 x102 cell g-1 soil observed at the Dabat and Shentia sites, respectively. There is limited nitrogen and phosphorus content other were enough. It was significant difference inter-strain difference in the all agronomic parameter of all treatments in soil compared to each based on agronomic parameter, but across soils there was no significant different except shoot fresh weight. The result of these studies showed that two Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.viciae isolates and other combinations of them had considerable effect on agronomic properties. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The application of biological nitrogen fixation through Rhizobium inoculums is promoted as a solution to the problem of poor soil fertility in areas where legumes are cultivated. In most of the developing countries, including Ethiopia, biological nitrogen fixation technology has not fully flourished, so this study was initiated to evaluate fixation potential of isolates.
{"title":"Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.viciae Potential Assessment using Dosha faba Bean Isolates from Central and North Gondar, Ethiopia","authors":"Emebet Kibkab, N. Berhane","doi":"10.47604/ijns.2511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijns.2511","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The objective this study was to evaluate nitrogen fixation effectiveness, survival and compatibility of the isolates of on two different soils that came from Dabat and Shentia sites at Gondar, Ethiopia. The author recommends that the isolates test their nitrogen fixing potential under field conditions in slightly acidic and neutral soil before being used as commercial biofertilzer inoculants. The present study provides potential nitrogen fixer input for agricultural research centers. \u0000Methodology: Soil physicochemical analysis and most probable number were done according to their standard procedure. Three top strains were selected as inoculants for faba beans grown on the slightly acidic Shentia soil and the slightly neutral Dabat soil with their control. The symbiotic effectiveness of the strains was evaluated based on plant agronomy and total nitrogen of the plant. The results of the strains analyzed by SPSS version 26. \u0000Findings: The highest rhizobium population size was 5.8 x102 cells g-1 soil, while the lowest was 1.7 x102 cell g-1 soil observed at the Dabat and Shentia sites, respectively. There is limited nitrogen and phosphorus content other were enough. It was significant difference inter-strain difference in the all agronomic parameter of all treatments in soil compared to each based on agronomic parameter, but across soils there was no significant different except shoot fresh weight. The result of these studies showed that two Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.viciae isolates and other combinations of them had considerable effect on agronomic properties. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The application of biological nitrogen fixation through Rhizobium inoculums is promoted as a solution to the problem of poor soil fertility in areas where legumes are cultivated. In most of the developing countries, including Ethiopia, biological nitrogen fixation technology has not fully flourished, so this study was initiated to evaluate fixation potential of isolates.","PeriodicalId":249098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"3 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140654683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The Africa Mining Vision (AMV) is a policy framework that was created by the African Union in 2009 to ensure that Africa utilizes its mineral resources strategically for broad-based, inclusive development. It is a blueprint tailored at addressing numerous challenges that has faced the sector in the past and at the core, improve the Livelihoods of local communities. Methodology: The study used desktop literature method. The study involved reviewing the key government policy documents relating to ASM and mining in general. The study reviewed the 7th National development plan, the amended Mines and minerals development Act of 2016 and Mosi-oa-Tunya declaration. Findings: This article, however, finds that 12 years after its inception, the AMV framework has not been fully implemented to address the critical constraints and leverage success factors in forging the creation of resilient communities around the ASM sub sector. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: There is generally a low level of awareness of the framework among key stakeholders and there is no clear policy direction, and or gap analysis to determine the obstacles to its implementation. This article derives its findings through accessing the Zambian Mining policy documents on ASM and mapping it with the key tenets of the AMV.
{"title":"Assessing the Implementation of the Key Tenets of the African Mining Vision with Zambia’s Key Mining Policy on Artisanal and Small Scale Mining","authors":"Nachinanga Siaciti, J. Masinja","doi":"10.47604/ijns.1747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijns.1747","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The Africa Mining Vision (AMV) is a policy framework that was created by the African Union in 2009 to ensure that Africa utilizes its mineral resources strategically for broad-based, inclusive development. It is a blueprint tailored at addressing numerous challenges that has faced the sector in the past and at the core, improve the Livelihoods of local communities. \u0000Methodology: The study used desktop literature method. The study involved reviewing the key government policy documents relating to ASM and mining in general. The study reviewed the 7th National development plan, the amended Mines and minerals development Act of 2016 and Mosi-oa-Tunya declaration. \u0000Findings: This article, however, finds that 12 years after its inception, the AMV framework has not been fully implemented to address the critical constraints and leverage success factors in forging the creation of resilient communities around the ASM sub sector. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: There is generally a low level of awareness of the framework among key stakeholders and there is no clear policy direction, and or gap analysis to determine the obstacles to its implementation. This article derives its findings through accessing the Zambian Mining policy documents on ASM and mapping it with the key tenets of the AMV.","PeriodicalId":249098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114463625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Urban expansion and growth is one of the basic characteristics of urbanisation process. This expansion has telling effects on available land space in urban areas. The continuing reduction in available land space has led to the encroachment on wetland areas and its subsequent development. This study was carried out in Port Harcourt Municipality Rivers State. The aim was to assess development projects in terms of land use on converted wetlands. Methodology: Purposive sampling technique was used to select four sites out of twenty four reclaimed sites identified within the study area.Three hundred and eighty (380) household heads from eight proximate communities to the four selected reclaimed sites was arrived at with the aid of Taro Yamane formulae and were interviewed using purposive sampling technique. The extent of wetland loss to physical development in the study area was ascertained by running a time series analysis using the Geographic Information System (GIS) technique. Data on physical development projects presently sited on the reclaimed wetlands were identified and their coordinates collected using handheld Global Positioning System (GPS), a process known as ground truthing. The coordinates of the different development projects presently sited on reclaimed wetlands so collected were interfaced with Google earth images of the different locations using the place-mark device available on Google earth software. Findings: The study revealed that predominant land use in site A (Eastern Bypass) is industrial land use and a growing competing administrative land use; in site B (Borikiri Sand field), the predominant Landuse is residential with a growing competing commercial land use; In Site C (Eagle Island), the predominant land use is residential and in Site D (Ibeto), the predominant land use is residential with a growing commercial and industrial hubs. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study therefore recommends that reclaimed wetlands in the study area be properly plan and the different development projects earmarked for such site be fully implemented; Government should strictly enforce the land use control measures utilizing sub-division regulation, zoning ordinance, building and housing codes including site and service approach to ensure proper utilisation of reclaimed sites.
{"title":"Development Projects in Terms of Land Use on Converted Wetland Sites in Port Harcourt Municipality, Rivers State","authors":"A. Oscar, Samuel Dagogo, Tobi Stanisslous","doi":"10.47604/ijns.1748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijns.1748","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Urban expansion and growth is one of the basic characteristics of urbanisation process. This expansion has telling effects on available land space in urban areas. The continuing reduction in available land space has led to the encroachment on wetland areas and its subsequent development. This study was carried out in Port Harcourt Municipality Rivers State. The aim was to assess development projects in terms of land use on converted wetlands. \u0000Methodology: Purposive sampling technique was used to select four sites out of twenty four reclaimed sites identified within the study area.Three hundred and eighty (380) household heads from eight proximate communities to the four selected reclaimed sites was arrived at with the aid of Taro Yamane formulae and were interviewed using purposive sampling technique. The extent of wetland loss to physical development in the study area was ascertained by running a time series analysis using the Geographic Information System (GIS) technique. Data on physical development projects presently sited on the reclaimed wetlands were identified and their coordinates collected using handheld Global Positioning System (GPS), a process known as ground truthing. The coordinates of the different development projects presently sited on reclaimed wetlands so collected were interfaced with Google earth images of the different locations using the place-mark device available on Google earth software. \u0000Findings: The study revealed that predominant land use in site A (Eastern Bypass) is industrial land use and a growing competing administrative land use; in site B (Borikiri Sand field), the predominant Landuse is residential with a growing competing commercial land use; In Site C (Eagle Island), the predominant land use is residential and in Site D (Ibeto), the predominant land use is residential with a growing commercial and industrial hubs. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study therefore recommends that reclaimed wetlands in the study area be properly plan and the different development projects earmarked for such site be fully implemented; Government should strictly enforce the land use control measures utilizing sub-division regulation, zoning ordinance, building and housing codes including site and service approach to ensure proper utilisation of reclaimed sites.","PeriodicalId":249098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117308458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study assessed the effect of processing method on the carotenoid profile of oil from three varieties of the Nigerian oil palm fruits (elaise guinensis). Specific varieties of the elaise guinensis, which are the dura, pesifera and tenera were obtained from National Institute for oil palm research (NIFOR) in Edo state. Methodology: The samples were divided into two and processed in two different methods as commonly practiced in the East, the hot and cold processes. The oil extracted from each of the process was then analyzed for oil characteristics using standard analytical methods while the carotenoid profile was analyze using HPLC C21 column. The results generated were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings: The results of carotenoid constituent indentified include: lutein, neurosporene (trans), neurosporene (cis), α-Zeacarotene(cis), α-Zeacarotene(trans), phytoene, phytofluene, β-zeacarotene, 13 and 13’ cis α-carotene, 13 cis β-carotene, trans α-carotene, 9 cis α-carotene, trans β-carotene, αcarotene a(cis), α-carotene b(cis), α-carotene (trans), γ-carotene (trans), γ-carotene b(cis), lycopene (cis) and lycopene (trans). The results of physicochemical characteristics of the oil samples extracted range from 0.9220.004 - 0.9160.001 for specific gravity (SG), 8.100.17 - 4.880.04 mg KOH/g for acid value, 4.290.02 - 2.440.02 % for free fatty acid value (FFA), 6.000.21 to 204.670.98 mgKOH/g for saponification value and 9.530.23 - 5.250.33 mEq/kg; for peroxide value while the carotenoids values were between 53.735±0.10 and 123.389± 0.20 mg/100g. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: From the result we can observe that the main constituent of the palm oil carotenoid is the β -carotene which makes up to about 80% of the total carotene. Statistical analysis revealed that no significant difference exists between the mean of each of the processing method on the carotenoid profile of the oil sample analyzed.
{"title":"Effect of Processing Method on Carotenoid Profiles of Oils from Three Varieties of Nigerian Palm Oil (Elaise guinensis)","authors":"Orji Joshua","doi":"10.47604/ijns.1745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijns.1745","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study assessed the effect of processing method on the carotenoid profile of oil from three varieties of the Nigerian oil palm fruits (elaise guinensis). Specific varieties of the elaise guinensis, which are the dura, pesifera and tenera were obtained from National Institute for oil palm research (NIFOR) in Edo state. \u0000Methodology: The samples were divided into two and processed in two different methods as commonly practiced in the East, the hot and cold processes. The oil extracted from each of the process was then analyzed for oil characteristics using standard analytical methods while the carotenoid profile was analyze using HPLC C21 column. The results generated were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). \u0000Findings: The results of carotenoid constituent indentified include: lutein, neurosporene (trans), neurosporene (cis), α-Zeacarotene(cis), α-Zeacarotene(trans), phytoene, phytofluene, β-zeacarotene, 13 and 13’ cis α-carotene, 13 cis β-carotene, trans α-carotene, 9 cis α-carotene, trans β-carotene, αcarotene a(cis), α-carotene b(cis), α-carotene (trans), γ-carotene (trans), γ-carotene b(cis), lycopene (cis) and lycopene (trans). The results of physicochemical characteristics of the oil samples extracted range from 0.9220.004 - 0.9160.001 for specific gravity (SG), 8.100.17 - 4.880.04 mg KOH/g for acid value, 4.290.02 - 2.440.02 % for free fatty acid value (FFA), 6.000.21 to 204.670.98 mgKOH/g for saponification value and 9.530.23 - 5.250.33 mEq/kg; for peroxide value while the carotenoids values were between 53.735±0.10 and 123.389± 0.20 mg/100g. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: From the result we can observe that the main constituent of the palm oil carotenoid is the β -carotene which makes up to about 80% of the total carotene. Statistical analysis revealed that no significant difference exists between the mean of each of the processing method on the carotenoid profile of the oil sample analyzed.","PeriodicalId":249098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125139607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Ghana has suffered some disasters both natural and manmade. Several natural disasters have occurred from the days of biblical Noah until now. These natural disasters have taken various forms; floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruption tsunamis, tornadoes, landslides, hurricane, and among others. Within the past decades, natural disaster has become a global pandemic which hampers economic and social development. This global phenomenon has affected over 6 million people and cause economic damage of approximately $870,700,000 in Ghana .it is necessary or advisable to ascertain the causes of the natural disasters(floods) in Ghana and the propose an approach that disaster(floods) impacts and save lives and properties. My case study will be in Accra, the capital town of Ghana, which have been employed in my study since it recorded the highest natural disaster like (floods) and how best it can be managed using the statistical approach. Methodology: The study used Desktop literature approach. Findings: The study reveals that natural disasters are a great threat to humanity. Although they occurred long before the first human populated the planet, we likely contribute to an increase in natural disasters through our behavior. The number of natural disasters seems to be positively correlated to an increase in the earth’s temperature. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that countries should improve their emergency measures in order to save as many people as possible. They should also work together in order to mitigate the problem of natural disasters and ensure a livable future for future generations
{"title":"Numbers and Severity of Natural Disaster in Ghana","authors":"Emmanuel Nkrumah, A. Amponsah","doi":"10.47604/ijns.1749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijns.1749","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Ghana has suffered some disasters both natural and manmade. Several natural disasters have occurred from the days of biblical Noah until now. These natural disasters have taken various forms; floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruption tsunamis, tornadoes, landslides, hurricane, and among others. Within the past decades, natural disaster has become a global pandemic which hampers economic and social development. This global phenomenon has affected over 6 million people and cause economic damage of approximately $870,700,000 in Ghana .it is necessary or advisable to ascertain the causes of the natural disasters(floods) in Ghana and the propose an approach that disaster(floods) impacts and save lives and properties. My case study will be in Accra, the capital town of Ghana, which have been employed in my study since it recorded the highest natural disaster like (floods) and how best it can be managed using the statistical approach. \u0000Methodology: The study used Desktop literature approach. \u0000Findings: The study reveals that natural disasters are a great threat to humanity. Although they occurred long before the first human populated the planet, we likely contribute to an increase in natural disasters through our behavior. The number of natural disasters seems to be positively correlated to an increase in the earth’s temperature. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that countries should improve their emergency measures in order to save as many people as possible. They should also work together in order to mitigate the problem of natural disasters and ensure a livable future for future generations","PeriodicalId":249098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"19 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113955467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The production of sweet potato and Tigernut drink was conducted and sampled A, B, C, and D at ratios 100% TND: 0%SPD, 90% TND: 10% SPD, 80% TND: 20%SPD, and 70%TND: 30%SPD respectively. Methodology: These were analyzed for proximate and mineral analysis using methods described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists and sensory attributes using Lawless and Heymann (2010) method. The non-alcoholic beverage drinks were examined for moisture, carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber, and ash contents. Results: The proximate analysis of the sweetpotato and Tigernut blended beverage drink revealed that the beverage is a nutrient dense commodity with health promoting ability and high level of fiber, fat, moisture, and protein at the same time low in carbohydrate and ash. The fat content ranged from 8.46% to 12.30%, the moisture, protein, fiber, carbohydrate, and ash had the range between 60.02% - 68.14%, 8.10% - 8.50%, 5.10% - 7.10%, 8.50% - 10.00%, and 0.46% - 1.04% respectively. The minerals include Zinc, Calcium, Sodium, and Potassium that were analyzed with values (mg/100g) ranged from 26.94-53.89, 42.65-63.32, 5.83-11.67, and 554.67-1166.67 mg/100 respectively. There were increase in the mineral contents especially Zn, Na, and K. The mineral content of this beverage is good for adolescence, infants, and groups facing macro-minerals impairments. The sensory attributes of the samples were evaluated for taste, aroma, colour, and general acceptability. Highest degree of preference for aroma and general acceptability were observed in sample D, followed by sample C. A high degree of preference for taste was also seen in sample B, C, and D. In conclusion, the sensory attributes were highly graded in terms of sensory quality. It was concluded that the processing this beverage drink has the potential of bridging the gap of extreme need for health supporting beverage drinks. It will also impact the marketing of sweetpotatoes, increase productivity and providing income for farmers more importantly sweetpotato growers.
{"title":"Production, Proximate, Mineral and Sensory Evaluation of Non-Alcoholic Beverage from Tubers: Sweetpotato and Tigernut","authors":"Kaida Zubairu Idris, Abba Mansir, T. Ahmad","doi":"10.47604/ijns.998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/ijns.998","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The production of sweet potato and Tigernut drink was conducted and sampled A, B, C, and D at ratios 100% TND: 0%SPD, 90% TND: 10% SPD, 80% TND: 20%SPD, and 70%TND: 30%SPD respectively. \u0000Methodology: These were analyzed for proximate and mineral analysis using methods described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists and sensory attributes using Lawless and Heymann (2010) method. The non-alcoholic beverage drinks were examined for moisture, carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber, and ash contents. \u0000Results: The proximate analysis of the sweetpotato and Tigernut blended beverage drink revealed that the beverage is a nutrient dense commodity with health promoting ability and high level of fiber, fat, moisture, and protein at the same time low in carbohydrate and ash. The fat content ranged from 8.46% to 12.30%, the moisture, protein, fiber, carbohydrate, and ash had the range between 60.02% - 68.14%, 8.10% - 8.50%, 5.10% - 7.10%, 8.50% - 10.00%, and 0.46% - 1.04% respectively. The minerals include Zinc, Calcium, Sodium, and Potassium that were analyzed with values (mg/100g) ranged from 26.94-53.89, 42.65-63.32, 5.83-11.67, and 554.67-1166.67 mg/100 respectively. There were increase in the mineral contents especially Zn, Na, and K. The mineral content of this beverage is good for adolescence, infants, and groups facing macro-minerals impairments. The sensory attributes of the samples were evaluated for taste, aroma, colour, and general acceptability. Highest degree of preference for aroma and general acceptability were observed in sample D, followed by sample C. A high degree of preference for taste was also seen in sample B, C, and D. In conclusion, the sensory attributes were highly graded in terms of sensory quality. It was concluded that the processing this beverage drink has the potential of bridging the gap of extreme need for health supporting beverage drinks. It will also impact the marketing of sweetpotatoes, increase productivity and providing income for farmers more importantly sweetpotato growers.","PeriodicalId":249098,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Natural Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131685681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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