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Objective Assessment for Classification of Muscle Spasticity Level 目的评价肌肉痉挛程度的分级
A. A. Puzi, S. N. Sidek, I. M. Khairuddin, H. Yusof
An important component in rehabilitation process is the ability to assess the level of muscle spasticity in objective manner. Despite of many proven evidences, current method of assessments is still based on subjective evaluation which relies heavily on the skill, experience and intuition of the therapists. Thus, this paper aims to develop a classifier of muscle spasticity level based on the clinical data collected from the affected upper limb. In order to quantify the assessment systematically, a standard Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) tool was used to help develop ANFIS and SVM models. Data were collected from twenty-five subjects that met the requirements with prior consent. The data went through preprocessing stage and analyzed before seven features from the data were selected to form the dataset. The features were then went through one way ANOVA test to evaluate their statistically significant differences so as to best predict the assessment levels. Based on the results from the analysis, four features were finally selected and were then used to train the classifiers. The overall results from the ANFIS and SVM classifiers accorded the performance of 53.3% and 88.0% accuracy respectively in classifying the level of muscle spasticity.
在康复过程中一个重要的组成部分是客观评估肌肉痉挛程度的能力。尽管有许多确凿的证据,目前的评估方法仍然是基于主观评估,严重依赖于治疗师的技能、经验和直觉。因此,本文的目的是基于上肢的临床数据,开发一种肌肉痉挛程度的分类器。为了系统地量化评估,使用了标准的修正Ashworth量表(MAS)工具来帮助开发ANFIS和SVM模型。数据收集自25名符合要求且事先同意的受试者。数据经过预处理和分析,从数据中选择7个特征组成数据集。然后对特征进行单因素方差分析,以评估其统计显著性差异,从而最好地预测评估水平。根据分析结果,最终选择四个特征,然后使用这些特征来训练分类器。ANFIS和SVM分类器对肌肉痉挛程度的分类准确率分别为53.3%和88.0%。
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引用次数: 0
Extending Behavior Trees with Market-Based Task Allocation in Dynamic Environments 动态环境下基于市场任务分配的行为树扩展
Tao Wang, Dian-xi Shi, Wei Yi
Behavior tree (BT) is a novel control architecture in the robotic field. Being modular and reactive, BTs show great advantages in autonomous systems when applied to robot control. However, there are unsolved problems on the use of BTs in multi-robot scenarios include but are not limited to task allocation and robot coordination. In this work, we propose a market-based behavior tree method for task perception, allocation, and execution. This method introduces an auction mechanism to adjust commitments between different robots as the change of environment and extends BTs into multi-robot systems. We validate the proposed method quantitatively and qualitatively by simulation with Gazebo.
行为树(BT)是机器人领域中一种新颖的控制体系结构。bt具有模块化和反应性的特点,应用于机器人控制时,在自主系统中显示出很大的优势。然而,在多机器人场景下,bt的使用还存在未解决的问题,包括但不限于任务分配和机器人协调。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种基于市场的任务感知、分配和执行的行为树方法。该方法引入拍卖机制,根据环境变化调整不同机器人之间的承诺,并将bot扩展到多机器人系统中。通过Gazebo仿真软件对所提出的方法进行了定性和定量的验证。
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引用次数: 1
Heuristic Tentacle Algorithm for Local Path Planning Based on Obstacles Clustering Concept 基于障碍物聚类概念的启发式触手算法局部路径规划
Fangxu Liu, Weiming Li, Xueyuan Li, Tianyi Bai
This paper introduces a heuristic tentacle algorithm for local path planning of unmanned skid-steering vehicle. Mobility, safety and economy are three mainly focused aspects in the navigation of unmanned ground vehicles. Critical skidding and slipping often occur during the turning motion, which effect the vehicle's motion apparently. So vehicle kinematics are discussed and applied to construct the cluster of tentacles. Several path assessment criteria named obstacle avoidance, terrain roughness and distance to the global path are discussed. Based on the multi-density clustering processed in the global path planning, heuristic method is introduced to guide to search in sparse region. The simulation analysis shows the generated local path can avoid the obstacles along the global path. Simultaneously. the global path can be smoothed through kinematic aware tentacle algorithm.
介绍了一种用于无人驾驶滑转向车辆局部路径规划的启发式触手算法。移动性、安全性和经济性是无人驾驶地面车辆导航的三个主要关注点。在转向运动中经常发生临界打滑,严重影响车辆的运动。因此,讨论了机器人的运动学,并将其应用于构造触手簇。讨论了避障、地形粗糙度和到全局路径的距离等路径评估标准。基于全局路径规划中处理的多密度聚类,引入启发式方法指导稀疏区域的搜索。仿真分析表明,生成的局部路径可以避开全局路径上的障碍物。同时进行。通过运动感知触手算法实现全局路径的平滑。
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引用次数: 0
Semantic Similarity of XML Documents Based on Structural and Content Analysis 基于结构和内容分析的XML文档语义相似度
Irvin Dongo, Regina P. Ticona-Herrera, Yudith Cadinale, Renato Guzman
The eXtensible Markup Language (XML) has become the main standard for Web information representation and data exchange over the last decades. However, XML documents present high heterogeneity regarding their structure. Hence, there is still a need of new approaches to manage and recognize similar information that consider the content and the semantic, besides the document structure. Most current approaches semantically analyze the XML document content, regardless its structure or vice versa. In this paper, we propose LSI*, a new approach for XML documents similarity by integrating in the semantic analysis their structural composition. We extend the Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), which is based on Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), by considering the term itself and the context (i.e., structural path) in which it appears, to determine the semantic similarity between XML documents. To evaluate the performance of our proposal, we perform experiments to compare LSI* to state-of-the-art methods based on structural and content-structural analysis. Results show a precision up to 71, 43% when the XML structure is considered in the content analysis.
在过去几十年中,可扩展标记语言(XML)已经成为Web信息表示和数据交换的主要标准。但是,XML文档在结构方面表现出高度的异构性。因此,除了文档结构之外,还需要新的方法来管理和识别考虑内容和语义的类似信息。大多数当前的方法在语义上分析XML文档内容,而不考虑其结构,反之亦然。本文提出了一种新的XML文档相似度分析方法LSI*,该方法在语义分析中集成了XML文档的结构组成。我们扩展了基于奇异值分解(SVD)的潜在语义索引(LSI),通过考虑术语本身及其出现的上下文(即结构路径)来确定XML文档之间的语义相似性。为了评估我们建议的性能,我们进行了实验,将LSI*与基于结构和内容结构分析的最先进方法进行比较。结果表明,当在内容分析中考虑XML结构时,精度高达71.43%。
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引用次数: 3
An Improved Local Path Planning Algorithm Based on Kinematics Analysis of The Skid-Steered Wheeled Vehicle 基于滑移转向轮式车辆运动学分析的改进局部路径规划算法
B. Wang, Xueyuan Li, Shihua Yuan
Path planning research takes a significant position in the field of driverless driving, especially local path planning is a key point to ensure the safety of driverless vehicles. At present, the local path planning algorithm is mainly designed for the ackermann vehicle. However, due to the different steering principles, the local path planning algorithm based on the Ackerman steering principle is not suitable for the skid-steered wheeled vehicle. The local path planning algorithm does not consider the kinematics of the skid-steered wheeled vehicle. In this paper, the skid-steered wheeled vehicle is simplified to a single-axle model and the steering kinematics characteristic is analyzed. The classical Dynamic Window Approach (DWA) is improved based on the analysis of the kinematics characteristic of the skid-steered wheeled vehicle with the shortest passing time as the goal. The improved algorithm combines the available velocities of the right and left wheels at the next moment, and finally chooses the combination that takes the shortest time to avoid the obstacle. The planned local path can meet the steering requirements of the skid-steered wheeled vehicle. The improved algorithm is simulated in MATLAB, and the time passed in the map of 10m range is 42.1s.
路径规划研究在无人驾驶领域占有重要地位,尤其是局部路径规划是保证无人驾驶车辆安全的关键。目前,局部路径规划算法主要是针对ackermann车辆设计的。然而,由于转向原理不同,基于Ackerman转向原理的局部路径规划算法不适用于滑转向轮式车辆。局部路径规划算法没有考虑滑转向轮式车辆的运动学问题。本文将滑转向轮式车辆简化为单轴模型,分析了其转向运动学特性。以最短通过时间为目标,在分析滑转向轮式车辆运动学特性的基础上,对经典的动态窗口法进行了改进。改进后的算法结合左右车轮下一时刻的可用速度,最终选择避开障碍物所需时间最短的组合。规划的局部路径能够满足滑转向轮式车辆的转向要求。在MATLAB中对改进算法进行了仿真,在10m范围内的图中通过的时间为42.1s。
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引用次数: 1
Design of A Virtual Reality Scenario and Scent Generator for Sensory Training 一种用于感官训练的虚拟现实场景和气味发生器的设计
Jorge Ortega-Moody, Yosselin Castro Islas, Levi Howell, K. Jenab, Victoria Russ
In the food industry, what makes the difference between a company and its competitors is the quality of its food product, and one of the components that makes quality is the flavor of a product. As trends shift to meet consumer's health and wellness desires formulas are changed with companies trying to retain the same flavoring. This shifting has led to the increased demand of sensory analysis tests. Some of the limitations for sensory analysis is the required space to have the individual booths, time consuming preparation, and material costs. But even with the previous limitations, one of the most important is the training of new users and calibration of existing users. With the development of virtual reality this problem can be more easily rectified by creating a virtual scenario that utilizes all senses and reduces cost of training. The main objective of this research is the development of a virtual scenario for sensory training. This is achieved by recreating a traditional testing environment and training program to analyze scents provided by a scent generator prototype. The methodology will include the design of the training, recreating the environment, programming the interaction with the user and finally the development of a scent generator to release scents.
在食品行业,一家公司与其竞争对手之间的区别在于其食品的质量,而产品质量的一个组成部分是产品的味道。随着趋势的转变,以满足消费者的健康和保健需求,配方也在改变,公司试图保留相同的风味。这种转变导致对感官分析测试的需求增加。感官分析的一些限制是需要单独的展位空间,耗时的准备和材料成本。但是,即使有先前的限制,其中最重要的是培训新用户和校准现有用户。随着虚拟现实技术的发展,这个问题可以通过创建一个利用所有感官并降低培训成本的虚拟场景来更容易地解决。本研究的主要目的是开发一种用于感官训练的虚拟场景。这是通过重新创建传统的测试环境和训练程序来分析气味生成器原型提供的气味来实现的。该方法将包括培训的设计,环境的重建,编程与用户的互动,最后开发气味发生器释放气味。
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引用次数: 1
CHRONOROBOTICS CHRONOROBOTICS
T. Krajník, Tomáš Vintr, G. Broughton, Filip Majer, Tomáš Rouček, Jirí Ulrich, Jan Blaha, Veronika Pěčonková, Martin Rektoris
Chronorobotics is the investigation of scientific methods allowing robots to adapt to and learn from the perpetual changes occurring in natural and human-populated environments. We present methods that can introduce the notion of dynamics into spatial environment models, resulting in representations which provide service robots with the ability to predict future states of changing environments. Several long-term experiments indicate that the aforementioned methods gradually improve the efficiency of robots' autonomous operations over time. More importantly, the experiments indicate that chronorobotic concepts improve robots' ability to seamlessly merge into human-populated environments, which is important for their integration and acceptance in human societies.
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引用次数: 0
Automatic Text Summarization on Social Media 社交媒体上的自动文本摘要
Zhang Kerui, H. Haichao, Li Yuxia
In the Natural Language Processing (NLP) community, automatic text summarization is considered to be a very difficult problem. The textual content on the web, in particular, is growing at an exponential rate. The ability to decipher through such massive amount of data, in order to extract the useful information, is a major undertaking and requires an automatic mechanism to aid with the extant repository of information. A good text summarization system should understand the whole text, reorganize information, and generate coherent, informative and remarkably short summaries to convey the important information of the original text. In this paper, an innovative text summarization model has been constructed, which combines BERT, reinforcement learning, sequence-to-sequence and other technologies. Our model is evaluated on the LCSTS[1] dataset, which is a high-quality corpus of Chinese short text summarization dataset constructed from "Sina Weibo", The experiment shows that our method has made a great breakthrough in Rouge Scores compared with other researches.
在自然语言处理(NLP)领域,文本自动摘要一直被认为是一个非常困难的问题。尤其是网络上的文本内容,正以指数级的速度增长。通过如此大量的数据进行解密,以提取有用的信息,这是一项重大任务,需要一种自动机制来辅助现有的信息库。一个好的文本摘要系统应该理解整个文本,重组信息,并生成连贯的、信息量大的、非常简短的摘要来传达原文的重要信息。本文结合BERT、强化学习、sequence-to-sequence等技术,构建了一种创新的文本摘要模型。我们的模型在LCSTS[1]数据集上进行了评估,该数据集是由“新浪微博”构建的中文短文本摘要数据集的高质量语料库,实验表明,与其他研究相比,我们的方法在Rouge Scores上取得了很大的突破。
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引用次数: 3
Research on Performance Degradation of Electronic Equipment Under Multi-type Shocks 多类型冲击下电子设备性能退化研究
Dongdong Zhang, Xiaochuan Ai
Aiming at the problems of electronic equipment long service life, less failure data and the reliability prediction, based on the analysis of physics of failure mechanism, a correlation competing failure model for the performance degradation process of electronic equipment under multi-type shocks is established, and the dynamic threshold is analyzed to obtain a more realistic reliability model. On the basis of stress damage analysis and structural analysis, this article presents the pre-evaluation process, and applies a kind of improved entropy weight method to comprehensively select and calculate the parameters describing the overall performance. Finally, by simulating the degradation process of the laser, the variation rule of its reliability is obtained, and the rationality and validity of the model are verified.
针对电子设备使用寿命长、失效数据少、可靠性预测难等问题,在分析失效机理的物理基础上,建立了电子设备在多类型冲击下性能退化过程的相关竞争失效模型,并对动态阈值进行了分析,得到了更为现实的可靠性模型。本文在应力损伤分析和结构分析的基础上,提出了预评价过程,并应用改进的熵权法对描述整体性能的参数进行了综合选择和计算。最后,通过对激光器退化过程的仿真,得到了其可靠性的变化规律,验证了模型的合理性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Infrared Pedestrian Detection Based on GAN Data Augmentation 基于GAN数据增强的红外行人检测
Jinda Hu, Yanshun Zhao, Xindong Zhang
Object detection, as an important branch of computer vision, has been widely studied in recent years. However, the lack of large labeled dataset obstructs the usage of convolutional neural networks (CNN) for detecting in thermal infrared (TIR) images. Most existing dataset focus on visible images, while thermal infrared images are helpful for detection even in a dark environment. To address this problem, we propose to use image-to-image translation models. These models allow us to translate the available labeled visible images to synthetic infrared images. Based on the original pedestrian dataset CVC-09, we use the pedestrian dataset CVC-14 to generate some labeled pedestrian infrared images. Finally, we compare original dataset with classic data augmentation and synthetic data augmentation training CNN. In addition, we explore the quality of synthetic TIR images using contrast experiments. The average precision of detection using classic data augmentation alone is 79.18%. By adding synthetic data augmentation, the average precision has improved to 82.24%. We believe that this method of synthetic data augmentation can be extended to other infrared detection applications and achieve other breakthroughs.
目标检测作为计算机视觉的一个重要分支,近年来得到了广泛的研究。然而,缺乏大型标记数据集阻碍了卷积神经网络(CNN)在热红外(TIR)图像检测中的应用。大多数现有数据集中在可见光图像上,而热红外图像即使在黑暗环境下也有助于检测。为了解决这个问题,我们建议使用图像到图像的翻译模型。这些模型使我们能够将可用的标记可见光图像转换为合成红外图像。在原始行人数据集CVC-09的基础上,使用行人数据集CVC-14生成一些标记的行人红外图像。最后,我们将原始数据集与经典数据增强和合成数据增强训练CNN进行了比较。此外,我们还通过对比实验探讨了合成TIR图像的质量。仅使用经典数据增强的平均检测精度为79.18%。通过加入合成数据增强,平均精度提高到82.24%。我们相信这种合成数据增强的方法可以推广到其他红外探测应用中,实现其他突破。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Proceedings of the 2020 4th International Symposium on Computer Science and Intelligent Control
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