Pub Date : 2010-05-20DOI: 10.1109/CITCON.2010.5470076
P. Paone
In May of 2009, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a number of new limits on emissions of pollutants from the cement industry under the provisions of the Clean Air Act. Among the proposed limits, a new set of emissions standards for mercury has garnered a great deal of attention from environmentalists and industry advocates alike. While the limits have not been finalized, it has become clear that a number of plants will need some type of control for mercury emissions. This paper explores several options for reducing mercury emissions in the cement industry.
{"title":"Mercury controls for the cement industry","authors":"P. Paone","doi":"10.1109/CITCON.2010.5470076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITCON.2010.5470076","url":null,"abstract":"In May of 2009, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed a number of new limits on emissions of pollutants from the cement industry under the provisions of the Clean Air Act. Among the proposed limits, a new set of emissions standards for mercury has garnered a great deal of attention from environmentalists and industry advocates alike. While the limits have not been finalized, it has become clear that a number of plants will need some type of control for mercury emissions. This paper explores several options for reducing mercury emissions in the cement industry.","PeriodicalId":250209,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE-IAS/PCA 52nd Cement Industry Technical Conference","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134315619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-09DOI: 10.1109/ICPS.2010.5489878
G. Fox
Coordination studies utilize time current curves to determine the extent to which upstream overcurrent protective device pick-up and time delays must be increased to provide selectivity with downstream devices. These increases in device time delays result in increased let through energy and greater arc flash hazards. Advanced breaker trip unit technologies, including zone selective interlock, maintenance mode, and enhanced time current curve adjustment options, limit let through energy and reduce arc flash hazards without compromising system selectivity. This paper will detail how these new technologies can be utilized within cement facilities to enhance system reliability and protect personnel.
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Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/CITCON.2010.5470071
K. A. Krugh, J. Sommers
Because over 90% of accidents in the cement industry are related to unsafe behaviors, efforts that are only geared toward providing a safe working environment will not deliver the results that we, as an industry, need to achieve: zero harm to employees. In addition to ensuring safe physical conditions of a workplace, a living, breathing behavioral based safety program must be implemented. Many examples of successful systems exist, amongst these are the Safety Observation System (SOS) and Near Miss Reporting Program currently utilized within Holcim (US). The SOS program is based on the regular participation of all employees recording their observations of tasks being performed by colleagues. Opportunities for improvement, as well as good practices, are loaded onto a web based database for frequent management review and follow up actions. Not only does this keep all employees actively involved in promoting safe working behaviors, it drives continuous improvement as well. Additionally, a focus on “near-miss” reporting, which works best with a reward/non-disciplinary policy, is perhaps one of the most effective tools in truly preventing serious injuries and fatalities, be they behavioral based issues or not.
{"title":"Safety Observation System and Near Miss Reporting Programs: Methods to maintain employee engagement in behavioral based safety practices","authors":"K. A. Krugh, J. Sommers","doi":"10.1109/CITCON.2010.5470071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITCON.2010.5470071","url":null,"abstract":"Because over 90% of accidents in the cement industry are related to unsafe behaviors, efforts that are only geared toward providing a safe working environment will not deliver the results that we, as an industry, need to achieve: zero harm to employees. In addition to ensuring safe physical conditions of a workplace, a living, breathing behavioral based safety program must be implemented. Many examples of successful systems exist, amongst these are the Safety Observation System (SOS) and Near Miss Reporting Program currently utilized within Holcim (US). The SOS program is based on the regular participation of all employees recording their observations of tasks being performed by colleagues. Opportunities for improvement, as well as good practices, are loaded onto a web based database for frequent management review and follow up actions. Not only does this keep all employees actively involved in promoting safe working behaviors, it drives continuous improvement as well. Additionally, a focus on “near-miss” reporting, which works best with a reward/non-disciplinary policy, is perhaps one of the most effective tools in truly preventing serious injuries and fatalities, be they behavioral based issues or not.","PeriodicalId":250209,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE-IAS/PCA 52nd Cement Industry Technical Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124301031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/CITCON.2010.5470073
M. Mutter
Entering into an Alternative Fuels program can be a daunting task requiring the commitment of significant resources by the cement manufacturer. These resources will include both personnel within the company as well as external expertise that is brought in to assist in the process along with the financial resources required through the trials, as well as installing the necessary equipment to burn the fuel. Many different aspects must be considered: local and national regulations and laws, local community reactions to both the use and transportation of the material, health and safety aspects for employees, impact upon the process and product quality and financial investment. In terms of the supply of the fuel the cement producer must consider the nature of the alternative fuel, its source, the necessary collection infrastructure together with its processing and homogenisation prior to use. One of the key processes that must be put in place at the very start of the program is to identify the strategy for the procurement of the selected fuel or fuels. Generally there is a capital investment requirement related to the use of the alternative fuel so it is essential that a secure supply of the fuel can be obtained both for a trial purpose and the longer term use. Decisions need to be taken as to whether the cement producer will use an external company to source the fuels or set up their own company to provide the fuels, as has been seen at many locations around the world. Considerations such as how quality control can be managed and what are the pricing agreements with the suppliers need to be addressed. This process should not be a continuous process which is deemed to be completed once the fuel is implemented but a continual process seeking out different fuels for use within the process as the economics within the waste industry change and the availability of certain fuels decreases. Within this paper CPI will describe some of its experiences with using different alternative fuels, comparing developing alternative fuels markets with mature markets, outline strategies that have been successful with fuels suppliers and also describe how market trends and economics work in the alternative fuels markets to assist cement manufacturers to develop long term fuels strategies.
{"title":"Procurement stratagies for Alternative Fuels","authors":"M. Mutter","doi":"10.1109/CITCON.2010.5470073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CITCON.2010.5470073","url":null,"abstract":"Entering into an Alternative Fuels program can be a daunting task requiring the commitment of significant resources by the cement manufacturer. These resources will include both personnel within the company as well as external expertise that is brought in to assist in the process along with the financial resources required through the trials, as well as installing the necessary equipment to burn the fuel. Many different aspects must be considered: local and national regulations and laws, local community reactions to both the use and transportation of the material, health and safety aspects for employees, impact upon the process and product quality and financial investment. In terms of the supply of the fuel the cement producer must consider the nature of the alternative fuel, its source, the necessary collection infrastructure together with its processing and homogenisation prior to use. One of the key processes that must be put in place at the very start of the program is to identify the strategy for the procurement of the selected fuel or fuels. Generally there is a capital investment requirement related to the use of the alternative fuel so it is essential that a secure supply of the fuel can be obtained both for a trial purpose and the longer term use. Decisions need to be taken as to whether the cement producer will use an external company to source the fuels or set up their own company to provide the fuels, as has been seen at many locations around the world. Considerations such as how quality control can be managed and what are the pricing agreements with the suppliers need to be addressed. This process should not be a continuous process which is deemed to be completed once the fuel is implemented but a continual process seeking out different fuels for use within the process as the economics within the waste industry change and the availability of certain fuels decreases. Within this paper CPI will describe some of its experiences with using different alternative fuels, comparing developing alternative fuels markets with mature markets, outline strategies that have been successful with fuels suppliers and also describe how market trends and economics work in the alternative fuels markets to assist cement manufacturers to develop long term fuels strategies.","PeriodicalId":250209,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE-IAS/PCA 52nd Cement Industry Technical Conference","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114494977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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