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STRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI VEGETASI SEBAGAI DASAR RESTORASI DEGRADASI HUTAN DI KAWASAN PERLINDUNGAN BLOK SINTANG PT FINNANTARA INTIGA 环境结构和植被组成是环境恢复环境退化的基础
Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.26418/JT.V11I2.44365
Edi Rustadi Setiadharma, B. Burhanuddin, M. Anwari
This study aims to examine the composition and structure of the vegetation in the protected forest area of PT Finnantara Intiga's Sintang block and determine the pattern of forest restoration and the types of vegetation that will be used for restoration of degraded forests. This research was conducted at PT Finnantara Intiga Sintang Block which is located in five land cover areas, of which three are reference secondary swamp forest (KPPN, KPSL and river border) and two areas are degraded forest (shrub and open land). This study uses a survey method with a line plot system. The sample was determined by means of purposive sampling. Based on the results of research data analysis, the number of species found at all levels at the KPSL location was nine species, at the KPPN location there were eleven species, at the River Border location there were eight species, at the Semak Belukar location there were seven species and at the Open Land location there were four species. In general, the horizontal structure of forest stands in damaged forest ecosystems is below the horizontal structure of natural forest stands as a reference. This shows that the level of vegetation density at the location of shrubs and open land has decreased so that forest restoration measures are needed to increase the density closer to natural forest ecosystems that have not been damaged. The pattern of forest restoration for scrub areas and open land referring to the Guidelines for Restoration in Conservation Areas (JICA, 2014) is natural succession. The pattern of forest restoration that will be implemented must take into account the physical conditions of the field and local socio-cultural considerations based on stakeholder considerations. The type of vegetation for enrichment and planting activities at the shrub location refers to the KPSL location as a reference because it tends to have similarities with the community similarity index of 52.03%. The type of vegetation for enrichment and planting activities on open land locations refers to the KPPN location as a reference because it tends to have similarities with the community similarity index of 52.17%. Keywords:  Composition, forest degradation, restoration, structureAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji komposisi dan struktur vegetasi di kawasan hutan perlindungan blok Sintang PT Finnantara Intiga serta menentukan pola pemulihan hutan dan jenis vegetasi yang akan digunakan untuk restorasi hutan terdegradasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PT Finnantara Intiga Blok Sintang yang terletak di lima areal tutupan lahan, dimana tiga areal sebagai hutan rawa sekunder referensi (KPPN, KPSL dan sempadan sungai) dan dua areal di hutan yang terdegradasi (semak belukar dan lahan terbuka). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan cara jalur berpetak. Sampel ditentukan dengan cara Purposive Sampling. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian, Jumlah jenis yang ditemui di semua tingkatan di lokasi KPSL ada sembilan jenis,
本研究旨在研究PT Finnantara Intiga’s Sintang区块森林保护区的植被组成和结构,确定森林恢复模式和退化森林恢复的植被类型。本研究在PT Finnantara Intiga Sintang地块进行,该地块位于5个土地覆盖区,其中3个为参考次生沼泽森林(KPPN、KPSL和河缘),2个为退化森林(灌木和开阔地)。本研究采用线形图系统的调查方法。采用目的抽样法测定样品。研究数据分析结果表明,KPSL样地各层次物种数量为9种,KPPN样地为11种,River Border样地为8种,Semak Belukar样地为7种,Open Land样地为4种。作为参考,受损森林生态系统林分水平结构一般低于天然林分水平结构。这表明在灌木和开阔地位置的植被密度水平已经下降,因此需要采取森林恢复措施来增加密度,使其更接近未被破坏的天然林生态系统。参考《保护区恢复指南》(JICA, 2014),灌木林和空地的森林恢复模式为自然演替。将要实施的森林恢复模式必须考虑到实地的实际条件和基于利益攸关方考虑的当地社会文化因素。灌木位置的富集和种植活动植被类型以KPSL位置为参考,其群落相似指数趋于52.03%。在开阔地位置上进行富集和种植活动的植被类型以KPPN位置为参考,其群落相似指数为52.17%,趋于相似。摘要:penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji komposisi dan strukturr vegetasi di kawasan hutan perlindungan blok Sintang PT Finnantara Intiga serta menentukan pola pemulihan hutan danjenis vegetasi yang akan digunakan untuk restorasi hutan terdegradation .[摘要]Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di PT Finnantara Intiga block Sintang yang terletak di lima areal tutupan lahan, dimana tiga areal sebagai hutan rawa sekunder referensi (KPPN, KPSL dan sempadan sungai) dandua areal di hutan yang ter退化(semak belukar dan lahan terbuka)。Penelitian ini mongunakan方法调查,dengan cara jalur berpetak。样品的不同之处就在于有目的的取样。Berdasarkan hasil分析数据penelitian, Jumlah jenis yang ditemui di semua tingkatan dilokasi KPPN ada sembilan jenis, dilokasi KPPN ada sebelas jenis, dilokasi Sempadan Sungai ada delapan jenis, dilokasi Semak Belukar ada tujuh jenis, dilokasi Lahan Terbuka ada empat jenis。[参考文献]木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草、木本草。我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是,我的意思是。Pola pemulihan hutan untuk area semak belukar dan lahan terbuka merujuk pada Pedoman Tata Cara Restorasi di Kawasan Konservasi (JICA, 2014) adalah suksesi alami。Pola pemulihan hutan yang akan dilaksanakan harus成员pertimbangkan kondisi fisik lapangan dan social budaya setempat berdasarkan pertimbangan利益相关者。Jenis vegetasi untuk kegiatan pengkayaan danpenanaman pakada lokasi semak belukar mengacu pakada lokasi KPSL sebagai referensi karena kekenderungan memiliki kemiripan dengan dengan indeks kesamaan komunitas sebesar 52,03%。Jenis vegetasi untuk kegiatan pengkayaan dan penanaman pada lokasi lahan terbuka mengacu pada lokasi KPPN sebagai referensi karena kecenderungan memiliki kemiripan dengan dengan indeks kesamaan komunitas sebesar 52,17%。Kata kunci:退化hutan, komposisi, restorasi, struktur
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引用次数: 0
EVALUASI PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN UJI KETURUNAN MERANTI MERAH (Shorea leprosula) UMUR 12 TAHUN DI AREAL IUPHHK-HA PT. ERNA DJULIAWATI KALIMANTAN TENGAH 12岁的红乌兰提(Shorea leprosula)对加里曼丹中部的AREAL IUPHHK-HA进行生长测试
Pub Date : 2021-07-09 DOI: 10.26418/JT.V11I2.46462
Abdurrani Muin
Red meranti (Shorea leprosula) is one of the superior plants in the application of intensive silviculture (SILIN). As a superior plant, PT. Erna Djuliawati has conducted a progeny test for S. leprosula in the IUPHHK-HA area in Central Kalimantan. The aim of this research was to determine the superior seedlot and genetic growth variation of the S. leprosula in the progeny test plot. The object studied was the 30 seedlots of S. leprosula plants in progeny test plot consists divided into 8 blocks, where each seedlot was 4 plants. The data collected consisted of diameter (cm), tree height (m) and percentage of tree life. The results showed that in the progeny test trial plot there were 5 seedlots with superior growth. The results of the analysis of variance on diameter, height and percentage showed a significant difference between the tested seedlots to the properties measured. High heritability values followed by wide genetic diversity indicate that the appearance of these characters is more determined by genetic factors. The value of moderate diameter genetic progress (8.6%) indicates that the diameter character is supported by genetic factors, so that it can facilitate the progress of selection.Keywords : Progeny test, Shorea leprosula, superior dan genetic variation. AbstrakMeranti merah (Shorea leprosula) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman unggulan dalam penerapan Silvikultur Intensif (SILIN). Sebagai tanaman unggulan, PT. Erna Djuliawati telah melakukan uji keturuan S. leprosula dalam areal IUPHHK-HA di Kalimantan Tengah. Tujuan penelitian  ingin menentukan seedlot yang unggul dan variasi pertumbuhan genetik tanaman uji keturunan S. leprosula dalam plot uji keturunan. Objek yang diteliti adalah tanaman meranti merah dalam plot uji keturunan sebanyak  30 seedlot yang terbagi dalam 8 blok, dimana setiap seedlot  sebanyak 4 tanaman. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari diameter (cm), tinggi pohon (m) dan pesentase hidup pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam plot uji coba keturunan terdapat 5 seedlot yang unggul pertumbuhannya. Hasil analisis keragaman (varians) terhadap diameter, tinggi dan persentase menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata di antara seedlot yang diuji terhadap sifat yang diukur. Nilai heritabilitas yang tinggi diikuti dengan keragaman genetik yang luas menunjukkan penampilan karakter tersebut lebih ditentukan oleh faktor genetik. Nilai kemajuan genetik diameter sedang (8,6 %) mengindikasikan karakter diameter tersebut didukung oleh faktor genetik, sehingga dapat memfasilitasi kemajuan seleksi.Kata kunci : Uji Keturunan, S. leprosula, unggul, dan variasi genetik.
红毛兰(Shorea lemasula)是集约化造林(SILIN)应用的优势植物之一。作为一种优良植物,Erna Djuliawati PT.在加里曼丹中部IUPHHK-HA地区进行了麻风S.的子代试验。本研究的目的是在子代试验田确定麻风葡萄的优种和遗传生长变异。研究对象为30个麻风种子小区,种子小区分为8个小区,每个小区4株。收集的数据包括直径(cm)、树高(m)和树木寿命百分比。结果表明,在子代试验小区中,有5个苗期生长较优。直径、高度和百分比方差分析结果表明,试验苗区与实测性状差异显著。高遗传力值和广泛的遗传多样性表明,这些性状的出现更多地是由遗传因素决定的。中等直径遗传进展值(8.6%)表明直径性状受到遗传因子的支持,有利于选择的进展。关键词:子代检验;麻风松果;优种遗传变异。摘要/ abstract摘要:meranti merah (Shorea lelesula) merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman unggulan dalam penerapan SILIN。Sebagai tanaman unggulan, PT. Erna Djuliawati telah melakukan uji keturuan S.麻风病dalam areal IUPHHK-HA di Kalimantan Tengah。麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病大麻风病Objek yang diteliti adalah tanaman meranti merah dalam plot uji keturunan sebanyak 30个地块yang terbagi dalam 8 block, dimana sebanyak 4个地块。资料阳穴穴直径(cm)、亭穴穴(m)、穴穴穴(m)。Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam plot uji coba keturunan terdapat 5苗期yang unggul pertumbuhannya。哈西尔分析了角根(变种)的直径,并对其进行了表征,menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata di antara seedlot yang diuji terhadap sifat yang diukur。Nilai heritabilit yang tinggi diikuti dengan keragaman genetitik yang luas menunjukkan penampilan karakter terseh lebih ditentukan oleh factor for genetik。Nilai kemajuan genetik diameter sedang (8.6%) menginkasikan karakter diameter tersebut didukung oleh factor genetik, sehinga dapat memfasilitasi kemajuan seleksi。Kata kunci: Uji Keturunan, S.麻风,unggul, dan variasi遗传。
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引用次数: 0
ANALISIS KINERJA PENURUNAN DEFORESTASI DI 10 IZIN HUTAN DESA KECAMATAN BATU AMPAR
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.26418/jt.v11i1.45251
Denni Nurdwiansyah, Gusti Hardiansyah, Emi Roslinda
The effectiveness of devolution policies through social forestry programs in village forest schemes is still being debated at regional, national, and international levels. It departs from the fact that the community has limited resources in managing forests in the long run (35 years). The background of this research is to measure the implementation of devolution policy in 10 granted village forest licenses in the sub-district of Batu Ampar, Kubu Raya District, and its relationship with deforestation rates. The study was conducted by survey method and data collection with literature studies and observations. Observation aims to measure the biophysical condition of the forest as well as the social and economic conditions of the community in the village. The data is processed and analyzed using spatial analysis and performance analysis. The results showed that the devolution policy through the issuance of 10 village forest licenses was proven to be able to improve performance in reducing deforestation, especially after one year of the village forest permits were granted. Keywords: devolution, social forestry, village forest, deforestation, performance AbstrakEfektifitas kebijakan devolusi melalui program perhutanan sosial skema hutan desa masih menjadi perdebatan di level regional, nasional, dan internasional. Hal ini berangkat dari fakta keterbatasan sumber daya yang dimiliki masyarakat dalam mengelola hutan dalam jangka waktu panjang (35 tahun). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengurai implementasi kebijakan devolusi di 10 izin hutan desa Kecamatan Batu Ampar, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, dan pengaruhnya terhadap laju deforestasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei. Pengumpulan data dengan studi literatur dan observasi. Observasi bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi biofisik hutan serta kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat di desa. Data-data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis spasial dan analisis kinerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kebijakan devolusi melalui pemberian 10 izin hutan desa telah terbukti secara kumulatif mampu meningkatkan kinerja positif dalam penurunan deforestasi, terutama setelah satu tahun izin hutan desa diberikan.Kata kunci: devolusi, perhutanan sosial, hutan desa, deforestasi, kinerja
通过社会林业项目在乡村森林计划中的权力下放政策的有效性仍在地区、国家和国际层面上进行辩论。它脱离了社区在长期(35年)管理森林方面资源有限的事实。本研究的背景是测量Kubu Raya区Batu Ampar街道10个获得乡村森林许可证的下放政策实施情况及其与森林砍伐率的关系。本研究采用问卷调查法和资料收集法,结合文献研究和观察。观察的目的是测量森林的生物物理状况以及村庄社区的社会和经济状况。使用空间分析和性能分析对数据进行处理和分析。结果表明,通过发放10个村庄森林许可证的权力下放政策被证明能够改善减少森林砍伐的绩效,特别是在授予村庄森林许可证一年后。[关键词]权力下放,社会林业,乡村森林,毁林,绩效[摘要]fektifitas kebijakan devolusi melalui项目,perhutanan social skema, hutandesa masih menjadi perdebatan di level,区域,国家,国际。Hal ini berangkat dari fakta keterbatasan sumber daya yang dimiliki masyarakat dalam mengelola hutan dalam jangka waktu panjang (35 tahun)。Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengurai implementasi kebijakan devolusi di 10 izin hutan desa Kecamatan Batu Ampar, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, dan pengaruhnya terhadap laju砍伐森林。Penelitian dilakukan dengan方法测量。彭普兰资料登根研究文献和观察。中国科学院社会与经济研究所,中国科学院社会与经济研究所。数据-数据分析,数据分析,数据分析,数据分析,空间分析,数据分析。在森林砍伐方面,我们有一个很好的例子:森林砍伐,森林砍伐,森林砍伐,森林砍伐。Kata kunci:退化,perhutanan social, hutandesa,森林砍伐,kinerja
{"title":"ANALISIS KINERJA PENURUNAN DEFORESTASI DI 10 IZIN HUTAN DESA KECAMATAN BATU AMPAR","authors":"Denni Nurdwiansyah, Gusti Hardiansyah, Emi Roslinda","doi":"10.26418/jt.v11i1.45251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/jt.v11i1.45251","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of devolution policies through social forestry programs in village forest schemes is still being debated at regional, national, and international levels. It departs from the fact that the community has limited resources in managing forests in the long run (35 years). The background of this research is to measure the implementation of devolution policy in 10 granted village forest licenses in the sub-district of Batu Ampar, Kubu Raya District, and its relationship with deforestation rates. The study was conducted by survey method and data collection with literature studies and observations. Observation aims to measure the biophysical condition of the forest as well as the social and economic conditions of the community in the village. The data is processed and analyzed using spatial analysis and performance analysis. The results showed that the devolution policy through the issuance of 10 village forest licenses was proven to be able to improve performance in reducing deforestation, especially after one year of the village forest permits were granted. Keywords: devolution, social forestry, village forest, deforestation, performance AbstrakEfektifitas kebijakan devolusi melalui program perhutanan sosial skema hutan desa masih menjadi perdebatan di level regional, nasional, dan internasional. Hal ini berangkat dari fakta keterbatasan sumber daya yang dimiliki masyarakat dalam mengelola hutan dalam jangka waktu panjang (35 tahun). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengurai implementasi kebijakan devolusi di 10 izin hutan desa Kecamatan Batu Ampar, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, dan pengaruhnya terhadap laju deforestasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei. Pengumpulan data dengan studi literatur dan observasi. Observasi bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi biofisik hutan serta kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat di desa. Data-data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis spasial dan analisis kinerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kebijakan devolusi melalui pemberian 10 izin hutan desa telah terbukti secara kumulatif mampu meningkatkan kinerja positif dalam penurunan deforestasi, terutama setelah satu tahun izin hutan desa diberikan.Kata kunci: devolusi, perhutanan sosial, hutan desa, deforestasi, kinerja","PeriodicalId":250482,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal TENGKAWANG","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114693400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modal Sosial Masyarakat Dusun Melayang dalam Pemanfaatan Buah Tengkawang di Hutan Adat Pikul 村落的社会资本在皮库库尔的部落森林中自由开采
Pub Date : 2020-12-16 DOI: 10.26418/jt.v10i2.40980
Dewita Dewita, Emi Roslinda, S. M. Kartikawati
AbstrakModal sosial adalah kemampuan masyarakat untuk bekerjasama demi mencapai suatu tujuan bersama didalam suatu kelompok. Hutan Adat Pikul memiliki potensi tengkawang yang sangat melimpah yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat sekitar hutan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui modal sosial masyarakat yang terdiri dari modal sosial kognitif dan struktural dan hubungan modal sosial terhadap pemanfaatan buah tengkawang di hutan Adat Pikul. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep uphoff, dengan metode survei, teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara mendalam kepada responden kunci. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Dusun Melayang yang memanfaatkan buah tengkawang yang dipilih secara sengaja (purposive sampling) yang terdiri dari 30 orang. Besarnya tingkat modal sosial masyarakat analisis menggunakan persamaan selang nilai dan hubungan modal sosial dianalisis menggunakan uji koefisien Peringkat Sperman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa modal sosial dalam pemanfaatan buah tengkawang pada masyarakat Dusun Melayang tergolong tinggi. Modal sosial kognitif yang terdiri dari kepercayaan, kerjasama dan solidaritas serta Modal sosial struktural yang terdiri dari aturan, peranan, dan jaringan keduanya tergolong tinggi. Hubungan modal sosial terhadap pemanfaatan tengkawang memiliki hubungan yang searah dan kuat, kedua unsur modal sosial Kognitif dan struktural berhubungan sangat nyata terhadap pemanfaatan tengkawang. Korelasi nyata yang terjadi berupa korelasi positif yang menunjukkan semakin tinggi tingkat modal sosial struktural dan modal sosial kognitif yang terbentuk, semakin baik pula pemanfaatan buah tengkawang di hutan Adat Pikul.Kata kunci: Modal Sosial, Buah Tengkawang, Hutan Adat PikulAbstractThe Social capital is the ability of the community which work together to achieve a common goal within group. Pikul costomary forest has the potential of tengkawang that was abundant and utilized by the community around the forest to fulfill their daily needs. This study aimed to determine community social capital consists of cognitive and structural social capital and the relationship of social capital how to use of tengkawang fruit in the Pikul indigenous forest. This study used the concept of upoff, with survey methods, data collection techniques with interviews used questionnaires and in-depth interviews with key respondents. Respondents in this study were Melayang Hamlet community who used tengkawang fruit intentionally (purposive sampling) which consist of 30 people. The magnitude level of social capital used the value interval equation and the relationship of social capital was analyzed of Sperman rating coefficient test. The results showed the social capital in used tengkawang fruit in Melayang sub-village was classified as "high". The cognitive social capital consists of trust, cooperation and solidarity. The structural social capital consists of rules, roles, and networks were both cl
社会资本的抽象是社会为实现群体共同目标而合作的能力。Pikul的传统森林有巨大的繁荣潜力,使周围的森林得以维持生计。本研究旨在了解社区社会资本由认知和结构资本组成,以及社会资本与皮库尔传统森林中腾格里利弊的关系。本研究采用了uphoff的概念、调查方法、数据收集技术,采用问卷调查和关键受访者的深入采访。研究对象是一个利用30人自愿选择的采样水果的漂流村民。社会资本水平分析人士使用价值软管方程和社会资本关系分析的强度,使用精子排名的系数测试进行分析。研究结果显示,利用农村社区的社会资本也很高。由信任、合作和团结组成的认知社会资本以及由规则、角色和网络组成的结构社会资本都是高的。社会资本对腾和式利用的关系具有直接和牢固的关系,这两种认知和结构的社会资本因素对腾和式利用是非常真实的。真正的相关性是积极的,这表明形成的社会结构资本和认知社会资本越高,在部落森林中对tengkawang果实的利用就越好。关键词:社会资本、腾讯果实、本土丛林……社会资本是实现共同目标的能力。这座城市的森林有潜在的不良影响,这是由社区社区聚集在森林周围,满足他们的日常需求。这项研究将确定明蒂社区社会资本与社会资本关系以及社会资本关系如何在崎岖的森林中使用甘乃果。这项研究利用了upoff的概念、调查方法、收集技术数据这次研究的反应是30个人中失业的哈姆雷特社区。社会资本的价值水平利用了价值间隔和社会资本关系分析结果。这位代表在次村使用的社交资本中出售的果实和“高级”一样机密。认知社会资本信托、合作与团结的公司。结构社会资本对规则、罗氏和网络的构成都是机密的。过去参与的社会资本关系有一个直接和强大的关系,两种认知和结构的社会资本关系非常重要,与如何利用腾和式关系密切。真正的相关关系存在于积极的关系中,体现了高层次的社会资本和社会资本形式,这在圆柱形森林中得到了更好的水果。社会资本,天果,占领青藤
{"title":"Modal Sosial Masyarakat Dusun Melayang dalam Pemanfaatan Buah Tengkawang di Hutan Adat Pikul","authors":"Dewita Dewita, Emi Roslinda, S. M. Kartikawati","doi":"10.26418/jt.v10i2.40980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/jt.v10i2.40980","url":null,"abstract":"AbstrakModal sosial adalah kemampuan masyarakat untuk bekerjasama demi mencapai suatu tujuan bersama didalam suatu kelompok. Hutan Adat Pikul memiliki potensi tengkawang yang sangat melimpah yang dimanfaatkan masyarakat sekitar hutan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui modal sosial masyarakat yang terdiri dari modal sosial kognitif dan struktural dan hubungan modal sosial terhadap pemanfaatan buah tengkawang di hutan Adat Pikul. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep uphoff, dengan metode survei, teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara mendalam kepada responden kunci. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Dusun Melayang yang memanfaatkan buah tengkawang yang dipilih secara sengaja (purposive sampling) yang terdiri dari 30 orang. Besarnya tingkat modal sosial masyarakat analisis menggunakan persamaan selang nilai dan hubungan modal sosial dianalisis menggunakan uji koefisien Peringkat Sperman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa modal sosial dalam pemanfaatan buah tengkawang pada masyarakat Dusun Melayang tergolong tinggi. Modal sosial kognitif yang terdiri dari kepercayaan, kerjasama dan solidaritas serta Modal sosial struktural yang terdiri dari aturan, peranan, dan jaringan keduanya tergolong tinggi. Hubungan modal sosial terhadap pemanfaatan tengkawang memiliki hubungan yang searah dan kuat, kedua unsur modal sosial Kognitif dan struktural berhubungan sangat nyata terhadap pemanfaatan tengkawang. Korelasi nyata yang terjadi berupa korelasi positif yang menunjukkan semakin tinggi tingkat modal sosial struktural dan modal sosial kognitif yang terbentuk, semakin baik pula pemanfaatan buah tengkawang di hutan Adat Pikul.Kata kunci: Modal Sosial, Buah Tengkawang, Hutan Adat PikulAbstractThe Social capital is the ability of the community which work together to achieve a common goal within group. Pikul costomary forest has the potential of tengkawang that was abundant and utilized by the community around the forest to fulfill their daily needs. This study aimed to determine community social capital consists of cognitive and structural social capital and the relationship of social capital how to use of tengkawang fruit in the Pikul indigenous forest. This study used the concept of upoff, with survey methods, data collection techniques with interviews used questionnaires and in-depth interviews with key respondents. Respondents in this study were Melayang Hamlet community who used tengkawang fruit intentionally (purposive sampling) which consist of 30 people. The magnitude level of social capital used the value interval equation and the relationship of social capital was analyzed of Sperman rating coefficient test. The results showed the social capital in used tengkawang fruit in Melayang sub-village was classified as \"high\". The cognitive social capital consists of trust, cooperation and solidarity. The structural social capital consists of rules, roles, and networks were both cl","PeriodicalId":250482,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal TENGKAWANG","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121024873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ANALISIS BENTUK KELEMBAGAAN KELOMPOK TANI HUTAN RAKYAT DESA GATTARENG KECAMATAN MARIORIWAWO KABUPATEN SOPPENG
Pub Date : 2019-08-14 DOI: 10.26418/jt.v9i1.34763
Yusran, M. Alif, M. Aswan, Adrayanti Sabar
This present research aims to identify related actor, in the formation and development farmers by the format rules, format relation and important role management of people forests in the village of Gattareng. The result of this research is to give inforaton for the farmers about Institutional Form analysis of the people forests by the form, format relation and important role management of the people forests. In addition, this research is conducted in October – November 2017. The research site is in gattareng village, Marioriwawo district, Soppeng regency. The methods of data collection used in this research are observation and interview. Based on research results it was concluded that related actor in establishment and development farmers of the people forests is the farmers, village head in the village of Gattareng, Forestry service in soppeng regency and the peopleof the farmers. In the formation Baccewe farmers the village of gattareng Mr. Bide is the had of the farmers make a formal role and activties by Baccewe farmers. The formal role of Baccewe Farmers is, the membership of farmers where in the membership must have a farmers, meeting for the membership of the farmers must twice for a week and all of the applicable regulation have a sanctions. Important role  the management of people forests in the Village of Gattareng basically for public welfare of the people around the forests. Forestry service and agriculture servise in Soppeng regency do sustainable development of forest resources. By doing policy forest management optimize premises active engagement from people around the forest whose life depends on the forest. The goal is to improve people’s welfareKeyword: Farmers, Institutional, People Forests
本研究旨在通过加达林村人民森林的业态规则、业态关系和重要角色管理,识别农民形成和发展的相关行动者。本研究的结果是通过对人民林的形态、形式关系和重要角色经营的分析,为农民提供有关人民林制度形态分析的信息。此外,本研究是在2017年10月至11月进行的。研究地点位于索彭县Marioriwawo区gattareng村。本研究采用的数据收集方法为观察和访谈。在研究结果的基础上,得出了建立和发展农民民林的相关行动者是农民、加达岭村村长、索彭县林业局和农民群众。在巴切韦农民的形成中,巴切韦村的招拜德先生是农民的一种正式角色,是巴切韦农民的一种正式活动。Baccewe Farmers的正式作用是,在会员的农民中必须有一个农民,会员的农民会议必须每周两次,所有适用的法规都有一个制裁。人民森林的重要管理作用在加连村基本为周围人民群众谋公益林。索彭县林业局和农业局积极开展森林资源可持续发展工作。通过制定政策,森林管理优化了前提,使森林周围的人积极参与,他们的生活依赖于森林。目标是提高人民福利。关键词:农民;制度;人民森林
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引用次数: 0
PENGARUH PENGASAPAN TERHADAP KEAWETAN KAYU BINTANGUR (Chalophyllum sp.) DAN KAYU MEDANG (Chinnamomum sp) DARI SERANGAN RAYAP TANAH Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren PENGARUH PENGASAPAN TERHADAP KEAWETAN KAYU BINTANGUR (Chalophyllum sp.) DAN KAYU MEDANG (Chinnamomum sp) DARI SERANGAN RAYAP TANAH Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren
Pub Date : 2019-07-05 DOI: 10.26418/jt.v9i1.33838
Riki Andika, Farah Diba, Lolyta Sisillia
Medang wood (Chinnamumum sp) and Bintangur wood (Calophyllum sp) was used for timber construction even they have low quality on the durability. The efforts need to improve their durability, especially against subterranean termites, the most destructive wood organism. One methods of preservation which can improve the durability was fumigation. Fumigation can be processed with traditional methods and modern methods.  The aim of the study was to improve the durability of Medang wood (Chinnamumum sp) and Bintangur wood (Calophyllum sp)with modern fumigation methods and evaluation the durability against subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Wood sample was measured 2 cm x 2 cm x 1 cm. The fumigation treatment was conducted with oven. The oven size was 1 m x 1 m x 50 cm. Treatments of fumigation consits of 12 hours and 24 hours. The treatment of evaluation the durability agaisnt termites was conducted for 21 days. The wood sample was put on the bottle and 50 termites consist of 45 workers and 5 soldiers were put in the wood sample. The parameter of indicator was termite’s mortality and wood weight loss. Result of the research showed that average termites mortality was reach 100% at wood sample with fumigation method for 24 hours, and 89.2% for wood sample with fumigation method for 12 hours. Meanwhile in control wood the termite’s mortality only 8.6%. The level of termites mortality with fumigation methods for 24 hours was classified very strong and for fumigation methods for 12 hours was classified as strong. The average wood weight loss was 1.21% - 1.30%. This wood weight loss was classified as very low. From the research it is concluded that fumigation method can increased the durability of wood, both on Medang wood and Bintangur wood against the subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. The optimal fumigation methods was on 12 hours, both on Medang wood and Bintangur wood.Keywords: Calophyllum sp, Chinnamumum sp, Coptotermes curvignathus, fumigation, wood preservation
棉当木(Chinnamumum sp)和bintanangur木(Calophyllum sp)被用于木结构建筑,即使它们的耐久性质量较低。这些努力需要提高它们的耐久性,特别是对抗地下白蚁,这是最具破坏性的木材生物。熏蒸是一种可以提高保存时间的方法。熏蒸可采用传统方法和现代方法进行。本研究旨在利用现代熏蒸方法提高梅当木和白蚁木的耐久性,并评价其对地下白蚁的耐久性。木材样品的尺寸为2厘米× 2厘米× 1厘米。采用烘箱熏蒸处理。烘箱尺寸为1米× 1米× 50厘米。熏蒸处理分为12小时和24小时。对白蚁进行耐久性评价处理21 d。将木样放在瓶子上,将45名工人和5名士兵组成的50只白蚁放入木样中。指标参数为白蚁死亡率和木材失重。研究结果表明,熏蒸24 h的木样白蚁平均死亡率为100%,熏蒸12 h的木样白蚁平均死亡率为89.2%。而对照木白蚁的死亡率仅为8.6%。熏蒸24小时的白蚁死亡率等级为很强,熏蒸12小时的白蚁死亡率等级为很强。木材平均损失率为1.21% ~ 1.30%。这种木材的重量损失被归类为非常低。研究结果表明,熏蒸方法可以提高木材对地下白蚁(Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren)的耐久度。棉当木和平丹古尔木熏蒸12小时均为最佳。关键词:茶树,金菊,黄蚁,熏蒸,木材保鲜
{"title":"PENGARUH PENGASAPAN TERHADAP KEAWETAN KAYU BINTANGUR (Chalophyllum sp.) DAN KAYU MEDANG (Chinnamomum sp) DARI SERANGAN RAYAP TANAH Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren","authors":"Riki Andika, Farah Diba, Lolyta Sisillia","doi":"10.26418/jt.v9i1.33838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/jt.v9i1.33838","url":null,"abstract":"Medang wood (Chinnamumum sp) and Bintangur wood (Calophyllum sp) was used for timber construction even they have low quality on the durability. The efforts need to improve their durability, especially against subterranean termites, the most destructive wood organism. One methods of preservation which can improve the durability was fumigation. Fumigation can be processed with traditional methods and modern methods.  The aim of the study was to improve the durability of Medang wood (Chinnamumum sp) and Bintangur wood (Calophyllum sp)with modern fumigation methods and evaluation the durability against subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. Wood sample was measured 2 cm x 2 cm x 1 cm. The fumigation treatment was conducted with oven. The oven size was 1 m x 1 m x 50 cm. Treatments of fumigation consits of 12 hours and 24 hours. The treatment of evaluation the durability agaisnt termites was conducted for 21 days. The wood sample was put on the bottle and 50 termites consist of 45 workers and 5 soldiers were put in the wood sample. The parameter of indicator was termite’s mortality and wood weight loss. Result of the research showed that average termites mortality was reach 100% at wood sample with fumigation method for 24 hours, and 89.2% for wood sample with fumigation method for 12 hours. Meanwhile in control wood the termite’s mortality only 8.6%. The level of termites mortality with fumigation methods for 24 hours was classified very strong and for fumigation methods for 12 hours was classified as strong. The average wood weight loss was 1.21% - 1.30%. This wood weight loss was classified as very low. From the research it is concluded that fumigation method can increased the durability of wood, both on Medang wood and Bintangur wood against the subterranean termites Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. The optimal fumigation methods was on 12 hours, both on Medang wood and Bintangur wood.Keywords: Calophyllum sp, Chinnamumum sp, Coptotermes curvignathus, fumigation, wood preservation","PeriodicalId":250482,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal TENGKAWANG","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133908004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EKSTRAK BUAH BAKAU Rhizophora mucronata Lamk SEBAGAI PEWARNA ALAMI PADA KAIN KATUN
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.26418/jt.v9i1.33632
Tasya Nabilla Septiandini, Muflihati
The fruit of Rhizophora mucronata Lamk content of tannin which can be used as natural dye color. Research purposes was to extract the fruit of R. mucronata, used the extract with fixation material as cotton natural dye, and evaluation the resistance of the color. The research was conducted for three months at Wood Technology laboratory and Wood workshop laboratory at Forestry Faculty Tanjungpura University. The fruit of R. mucronata was extraction with aquades with ratio 1:10 (weight/volume) at temperature ±80ºC for 60 minutes. The fixation materials were tawas, kapur tohor and tunjung. The cotton was dipped into the extract then analyzes the change of the color before and after the coloring process. After that the cotton was dipped into the fixation materials. The ratio of fixation materials and aquades was 1:20 (weight/volume). After coloring the change of the color was measured. Evaluation the resistance of the color after fixation was made refer on ASTM D 870-02-2002 for hot water treatment and ASTM D-1308-02-2013 for cold water treatment. The quality of color was measured with Munsell Soil Color Chart and Hunter Lab. The result of research showed that extract of R. mucronata give a pink color to the cotton with average value of ∆E was 22.74. The retention of extract to cotton was 4.47 g/cm3. The additional of fixation materials, i.e. tunjung and kapur tohor resulted the drak color meanwhile tawas made the lightest color. The average ∆E values were 6.16-39.84. Extract of fruit of R. mucronata with additional of tunjung as fixation materials can be used for natural dye for cotton and wood. Keywords : kapur tohor, natural dye, Rhizophora mucronata, tawas, tunjung
根霉果实中鞣质含量高,可用作天然染料着色。本研究的目的是提取红桃果实,用固定物作为棉花天然染料,并评价其对颜色的抗性。该研究在丹戎普拉大学林业学院木材技术实验室和木材车间实验室进行了三个月的研究。采用重量体积比为1:10的水提液,在±80℃条件下提取60分钟。固定材料分别为:tawas、kapur tohor和tunjung。将棉花浸入浸提液中,分析染色前后棉花颜色的变化。然后将棉花浸入固定材料中。固定材料与水基质的比例为1:20(重量/体积)。上色后,测量颜色的变化。评价固色后的耐色性,热水处理参照ASTM D 870-02-2002,冷水处理参照ASTM D-1308-02-2013。颜色质量采用孟塞尔土壤颜色图和亨特实验室测定。研究结果表明,红毛草提取物使棉花呈粉红色,∆E平均值为22.74。提取液对棉花的保留率为4.47 g/cm3。添加固定材料,即tunjung和kapur tohor,使其颜色较暗,同时使其颜色最浅。平均∆E值为6.16 ~ 39.84。以冬青果提取物为固定物,可作为棉花和木材的天然染料。关键词:kapur tohor,天然染料,根霉,tawas, tunjung
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引用次数: 1
UJI EFEKTIFITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG JAMBU MONYET (Bellucia pentamera Naudin) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Escherichia coli DAN Salmonella typhi 测试猴子番石榴皮提取物(Bellucia戊mera Naudin)对大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的生长的抗菌作用
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.26418/jt.v9i1.33635
Farid Priandi, F. Yusro, F. Diba, Y. Mariani, Nurhaida
People still use plants as a medicine to overcome a disease, because it is easily to obtain and relatively does not provide significant negative effects. One of the plants utilized by the people is Bellucia pentamera Naudin (B. pentamera). Diarrhea and typhoid fever are diseases that often assault Indonesian people. The bacterias were used in this study were Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella typhi (S. typhi). This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial effectiveness of B. pentamera bark extracts against E. coli and S. typhi, by Kirby-Bauer diffusion method with PCA as the media. The highest extract concentration against E. coli is 400 mg/ml possess an inhibition of 20±1 mm, and towards S. typhi is 80 mg/ml which possess an inhibition of 24.67±0,58 mm.Keywords: Bellucia pentamera, Disc Diffussion, Efectiveness, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi.
人们仍然使用植物作为一种药物来克服疾病,因为它很容易获得,相对来说没有明显的负面影响。人们利用的植物之一是白桦(belucia pentamera Naudin)。腹泻和伤寒是印尼人常患的疾病。本研究使用的细菌是大肠杆菌(E. coli)和伤寒沙门氏菌(S. typhi)。本研究以PCA为培养基,采用Kirby-Bauer扩散法,分析五冬树树皮提取物对大肠杆菌和伤寒沙门氏菌的抑菌效果。对大肠杆菌的最高抑菌量为400 mg/ml,抑菌量为20±1 mm;对伤寒沙门氏菌的最高抑菌量为80 mg/ml,抑菌量为24.67±0.58 mm。关键词:五色白顶菌,盘状扩散,药效,大肠杆菌,伤寒沙门氏菌。
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引用次数: 1
ANALISIS LAHAN KRITIS DAN ARAHAN LAHAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH PADA SUBDAS DI KABUPATEN KAYONG UTARA MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK PENGINDERAAN JAUH DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.26418/jt.v9i1.33633
Murti Anom Suntoro, Dwi Astiani, Wiwik Ekyastuti
Critical land is a damaged land, thus losing or decreasing its function to the specified or expected limits. The identification and critical lands mapping is essential for the planning and determination of priority watersheds in order to the utilization and development of natural resources and land rehabilitation and soil conservation. Remote sensing is a technique that enable people to collect data without direct field measurement. The using of Landsat 8 image then analyzed by using Geographic Information System (GIS) is being expected to improve the ability to classify land cover, the map was then overlad with parameter map based on Regulation of Director General of Management of Watershed and Social Forestry Number P. 4 / V-Set / 2013 about technical guidance on the preparation of spatial data of other critical lands to identify critical lands in Kayong Utara Regency.Keywords: Degraded land, Geographic Information System (GIS), Remote sensing, overlay
临界土地是被破坏的土地,因此失去或减少其功能到规定的或预期的限度。为了利用和开发自然资源以及恢复土地和保持土壤,对规划和确定优先流域进行鉴定和绘制关键土地地图是必不可少的。遥感是一种使人们能够在没有直接实地测量的情况下收集数据的技术。利用地理信息系统(GIS)对Landsat 8图像进行分析,有望提高土地覆盖分类的能力,然后将该地图与基于流域和社会林业管理总局第P. 4 / V-Set / 2013号关于编制其他关键土地空间数据的技术指导的参数图重叠,以确定加永县的关键土地。关键词:退化土地;地理信息系统;遥感
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引用次数: 1
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI UNTUK MITIGASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM MELALUI SKEMA REDD+ 通过REDD+计划来减缓气候变化的工业森林管理策略
Pub Date : 2019-02-11 DOI: 10.26418/jt.v8i2.31243
Ganjar Oki Widhanarto, R. Purwanto, Ahmad Maryudi, Senawi
In 2009 the Goverment of Indonesia through the National Development Planning Agency has launched a Sectoral Climate Road Map, where the forestry sector relies on the development of industrial forest plantations (HTI) and forest management units (KPH) with the most efficient consideration of the cost budget and the effectiveness of technical feasibility for sustainability. The policy of HTI development by the Indonesian government furthermore has the opportunity to contribute to climate change mitigation through the REDD + scheme. This study aims to develop the strategies of  industrial forest plantation management for REDD + schemes. This study analyzed internal factors that become strengths and weaknesses as well as external factors that become opportunities and threats using SWOT analysis to develop the strategies. The management of HTI in case of  industrial forest plantation company PT. Finnantara Intiga (FI) was defined as an internal environment, while the external environment covers the entire environment related to HTI and REDD+. The results of the research showed that, the strength score is 1,817 and weakness is 1,186, so the difference is 0,631 (positive), as well as the element of opportunity is greater than the threat. The positive difference values both strength and opportunity indicate the priority strategies that will be used by PT. Finnantara Intiga in the REDD + scheme is an aggressive strategy (SO strategy)by using all the strengths and utilizing the opportunities.Keywords : Industrial forest plantation, REDD+, SWOT Analysis
2009年,印度尼西亚政府通过国家发展规划局启动了一项部门气候路线图,其中林业部门依赖于工业森林人工林(HTI)和森林管理单位(KPH)的发展,并最有效地考虑到成本预算和可持续性技术可行性的有效性。此外,印度尼西亚政府的HTI发展政策有机会通过REDD +计划为减缓气候变化作出贡献。本研究旨在为REDD +计划制定工业林场管理策略。本研究运用SWOT分析法分析了成为优势和劣势的内部因素以及成为机会和威胁的外部因素,以制定战略。以工业人工林公司PT. Finnantara Intiga (FI)为例,HTI的管理被定义为内部环境,而外部环境则涵盖了HTI和REDD+相关的整个环境。研究结果表明,优势得分为1817分,劣势得分为1186分,差异为0.631分(正),并且机会因素大于威胁因素。实力和机会的正差值表明PT将使用的优先策略。Finnantara Intiga在REDD +方案中是一种利用所有优势和利用机会的积极策略(SO策略)。关键词:工业人工林,REDD+, SWOT分析
{"title":"STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI UNTUK MITIGASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM MELALUI SKEMA REDD+","authors":"Ganjar Oki Widhanarto, R. Purwanto, Ahmad Maryudi, Senawi","doi":"10.26418/jt.v8i2.31243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/jt.v8i2.31243","url":null,"abstract":"In 2009 the Goverment of Indonesia through the National Development Planning Agency has launched a Sectoral Climate Road Map, where the forestry sector relies on the development of industrial forest plantations (HTI) and forest management units (KPH) with the most efficient consideration of the cost budget and the effectiveness of technical feasibility for sustainability. The policy of HTI development by the Indonesian government furthermore has the opportunity to contribute to climate change mitigation through the REDD + scheme. This study aims to develop the strategies of  industrial forest plantation management for REDD + schemes. This study analyzed internal factors that become strengths and weaknesses as well as external factors that become opportunities and threats using SWOT analysis to develop the strategies. The management of HTI in case of  industrial forest plantation company PT. Finnantara Intiga (FI) was defined as an internal environment, while the external environment covers the entire environment related to HTI and REDD+. The results of the research showed that, the strength score is 1,817 and weakness is 1,186, so the difference is 0,631 (positive), as well as the element of opportunity is greater than the threat. The positive difference values both strength and opportunity indicate the priority strategies that will be used by PT. Finnantara Intiga in the REDD + scheme is an aggressive strategy (SO strategy)by using all the strengths and utilizing the opportunities.Keywords : Industrial forest plantation, REDD+, SWOT Analysis","PeriodicalId":250482,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal TENGKAWANG","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128724189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Jurnal TENGKAWANG
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