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Political Fandom and Social Media Code of Ethics 政治狂热和社交媒体道德准则
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2023.6.1
Sung-Jin Yoo
This article examines the institutional efforts centered on political parties to offset the negative effects of political fandom that are frequently discussed in the current society. Based on overseas cases, it proposes ‘social media code of ethics’ for political parties in Korea as a way to reduce the negative effects of digital democracy. The Netherlands have already set up an agreement between political parties and online platform users according to IDEA's recommendation, and British political parties are making efforts to prevent the side effects of affective polarization by including social media-related policies in their own rules. Unlike the situation in other countries, there is no content to reduce the political harm of social media in our party constitution, party rules, and ethics regulations. The code of ethics proposed in this article consists of active opposition to hate speech and reckless digital attacks by individual political parties, compliance with responsible digital ethics, and voluntary disciplinary action and punishment in case of non-compliance. The code of ethics, declared in the form of an agreement between political parties, can be a starting point for political parties and politicians to adapt with a responsible attitude in the new change of daily life in political fandom.
本文考察了以政党为中心的制度性努力,以抵消当前社会中经常讨论的政治狂热的负面影响。为了减少数字民主主义的负面影响,以国外的事例为基础,向国内政党提出了“社交媒体道德准则”。荷兰已经根据IDEA的建议制定了政党和网络平台用户之间的协议,英国政党也在努力将社交媒体相关政策纳入自己的规则,以防止情感两极分化的副作用。与其他国家的情况不同,我们的党章、党规和道德规范中没有减少社交媒体政治危害的内容。本文提出的道德准则包括积极反对个别政党的仇恨言论和鲁莽的数字攻击,遵守负责任的数字道德,以及在不遵守的情况下自愿采取纪律处分和惩罚。以政党之间的协议形式发表的伦理准则,可以成为政党和政治家在政治圈日常生活的新变化中以负责任的态度适应的起点。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on the Phased Change in Political Participation of Chinese Citizen 中国公民政治参与的阶段性变化研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2022.5.65
Hong Chen, Sang-Do Park
Political participation has an important significance in political democracy and national governance in modern society which is also the basic operating system of modern democracy. Chinese citizens' political participation has always emphasized the concept of democracy in terms of not laying the foundation of the socialist political system. However, previous studies analyze the political participation of Chinese citizens in terms of institutional and case studies, not in macro-level. Therefore, this study examines the time-series changes and current status of Chinese citizen political participation at a macro level. The early form of Chinese civic political participation was mobilization-type political participation, which was an important driving force to break away from the feudal era and maintain a stable state system in the early days of the modern China. The next form that emerged is participation in various 'movement' dimensions reflecting the times when economic development was prioritized with independent civic political participation at a limited level. In the third stage, the form of government-led political participation appeared intensively after the 2000s, and at the same time, it was a process of more democratic political reform and institutionalization of citizens' political participation. The last stage is political participation in China's policy criticism, which is expanding based on ICT. A new form of political participation is emerging around online networked opinion leaders, which will establish itself as a basic participation method for generations living in the smart era in the future. Based on this analysis, the paper is concluded by presenting suggestions and limitations for the sound development of Chinese civic politics.
政治参与在现代社会的政治民主和国家治理中具有重要意义,也是现代民主的基本运行制度。中国公民的政治参与一直强调民主的概念,而不是奠定社会主义政治制度的基础。然而,以往的研究对中国公民政治参与的分析主要是从制度和案例的角度出发,而非宏观层面。因此,本研究从宏观层面考察中国公民政治参与的时间序列变化和现状。中国公民政治参与的早期形式是动员式政治参与,这是近代中国早期摆脱封建时代、维持国家制度稳定的重要动力。出现的下一种形式是参与各种“运动”维度,反映了经济发展优先于有限水平的独立公民政治参与的时代。第三阶段是21世纪以后,政府主导的政治参与形式密集出现,同时也是一个更加民主的政治改革和公民政治参与制度化的过程。最后一个阶段是以信息通信技术(ICT)为基础扩大的中国政策批评的政治参与。以网络舆论领袖为中心的新型政治参与方式正在形成,这将成为未来智能时代世代的基本参与方式。在此基础上,本文提出了中国公民政治健康发展的建议和局限性。
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引用次数: 0
Political Decision Making and Conflict Resolution Methods 政治决策和冲突解决方法
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2022.5.3
Sangjoon Ka
The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanism of the operation of representative democracy, and to find out what decision-making methods Korean society takes in determining important issues, focusing on the operation of the National Assembly. In addition, the factors that affect the political decision-making method were investigated, and in particular, the reason why the current decision-making method did not work properly was examined through the seriousness of the conflict problem in Korean society. Likewise, the study looked at what changes are needed to make decisions in a more democratic way. To this end, citizens' perception of conflicts in Korean society was investigated, changes in the structure of conflicts in Korean society were examined, and the direction of change in decision-making methods was discussed.
本研究的目的是考察代议制民主的运作机制,并找出韩国社会在决定重要问题时采取的决策方法,重点是国会的运作。此外,还调查了影响政治决策方式的因素,特别是通过韩国社会矛盾问题的严重性,分析了目前政治决策方式无法正常运作的原因。同样,该研究还研究了需要做出哪些改变才能以更民主的方式做出决策。为此,我们调查了韩国社会中公民对冲突的感知,考察了韩国社会冲突结构的变化,并讨论了决策方法变化的方向。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Local Politics through Permitting Local Political Parties 通过允许地方政党发展地方政治
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2022.5.31
Jeong-jin Lee
The current Political Party Act regulates the establishment of regional parties by limiting registration as a political party only when there is a central party in the capital city and five or more city/provincial parties nationwide. This is the reason why local politics cannot escape from the influence of central politics and local issues are not highlighted in local elections. Academia and civil society are demanding that the Political Party Act be amended to allow local parties, and related amendments have been proposed several times in the National Assembly. Looking at overseas cases, regional parties are allowed in countries with developed party politics, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Germany, and the influence of regional parties in local elections is increasing. Therefore, in terms of realizing grassroots democracy, it is necessary to allow participation of various political groups, including local parties, in local elections. In addition, in the long term, it is necessary to review the constitutional party-related provisions to expand the freedom of political party activities.
现行的《政党法》规定,只有在首都地区有一个中心党,在全国有5个以上的市道党,才能注册为政党。这就是为什么地方政治无法摆脱中央政治的影响,地方问题在地方选举中不被突出的原因。学界和市民社会要求修改《政党法》,允许地方政党存在,国会也多次提出了相关修正案。从国外的情况来看,美国、英国、日本、德国等政党政治发达的国家允许地方政党,地方政党在地方选举中的影响力正在增加。因此,在实现基层民主方面,有必要允许包括地方政党在内的各种政治团体参与地方选举。另外,从长远来看,为了扩大政党活动的自由,有必要重新审议宪法有关政党的规定。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the Role of Local Councils in Improving the Quality of Education in the Era of Population Decline 人口下降时代地方议会在提高教育质量中的作用分析
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2022.5.51
Deok Nan Lee
This study analyzes the phe prospect of school age population decline and the direction of future education reform were analyzed. And the role of local councils to improve the quality of education was studied. The main results are as follows. First, local councils need to actively improve the quality of preschool, elementary, and secondary education by reducing the number of students per class. Second, local councils need to promote the enactment of ordinances to support bridging the gap in higher education under the jurisdiction of local governments, ordinances to support distance education, and ordinances to support artificial intelligence education between universities, local governments, and education offices. Third, local councils need to pay attention to the enactment of ordinances to support educational cooperation between metropolitan and provincial offices of education and local universities.
本研究分析了学龄人口下降的前景,并对未来教育改革的方向进行了分析。并研究了地方议会在提高教育质量方面的作用。主要结果如下:首先,地方自治团体应该通过减少每班学生的数量,积极提高学前、小学、中学教育的质量。第二,地方议会要推动制定支持地方政府管辖的高等教育弥合差距的条例、支持远程教育的条例、支持大学、地方政府和教育厅之间的人工智能教育的条例。第三,地方自治团体应该关注制定支持市道教育厅和地方大学之间教育合作的条例。
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引用次数: 0
Polling station Epidemic prevention and democratic issues 投票站防疫和民主问题
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2022.4.159
Seon-gyu Go
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the corona virus pandemic on South Korea's general election. We are paying particular attention to the election campaign and voter turnout. It will also analyze the impact on candidates' election campaigns and overseas elections. Election campaign spending has been cut in the 2020 general election due to the corona virus pandemic. Voter turnout for overseas elections has also dropped significantly. These two results mean that the corona virus is negatively affecting the election. How ever, early voting rates are increasing. The reason is that they chose early voting to avoid congestion on election day. In the with Corona era, flexible operation of election system and election law is required. A change in the role of the electoral management body is necessary, but an active role, not a passive one, is required. In the 2020 general election, the election management body made the process of election prevention transparent. Polling stations Voter participation is increasing as the quarantine process is made public. In South Korea, the issue of confidence in voters and election management bodies has become a political issue.
本文的目的是分析冠状病毒大流行对韩国议会选举的影响。我们特别关注竞选活动和选民投票率。还将分析对候选人竞选和海外选举的影响。受新冠疫情影响,2020年大选的竞选经费被削减。海外选举的投票率也大幅下降。这两项结果表明,新冠病毒正在对选举产生负面影响。然而,提前投票率正在上升。他们选择提前投票的原因是为了避免选举日的拥堵。在新冠时代,需要灵活的选举制度和选举法。必须改变选举管理机构的作用,但必须是积极的作用,而不是被动的作用。在2020年议会选举中,选举管理机构将选举预防过程透明化。△投票所:随着防疫过程的公开,选民的参与度正在增加。在韩国,对选民和选举管理机构的信任问题已经成为一个政治问题。
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引用次数: 0
The Ideological Background of Land Reform: Syngman Rhee's Understanding of "Democracy" 土地改革的思想背景:李承晚对“民主”的理解
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2022.4.129
H. Lee
During the Constituent Assembly that began in May 31 1948, Syngman Rhee, the Chairman of the National Assembly, supported Land Reform and mentioned about democracy. During his speech called "The Problem of Land Reform" in December 4 1948, President Syngman Rhee argued the three reasons why the Land Reform should be done: Christianity, abolition of discrimination according to social status, and democracy. The thesis analyzes how "democracy" was depicted in Rhee's major writings and activities in three periods. The Late period of Joseon (1895~1910) is when Rhee argued democracy, Christianity, and the ideology of freedom and equality through his writings at Hansung Prison. The Independence Movement period (1910~1945) is when Rhee, through interview and works, explained democracy as freedom and equality that rooted from the Bible. The early period of the foundation of Korea (1945~1950) is when Rhee, through speeches, applied his conviction in democracy through the Land Reform. The ideological background that abolished the landlordism continued for thousands years and distributed lands to farmers for the first time in the history was Rhee's democracy.
在1948年5月31日开始的制宪会议上,国会议长李承晚支持土地改革,并提到了民主主义。1948年12月4日,李昌晚总统在题为《土地改革的问题》的演讲中提出了基督教、废除社会地位歧视、民主主义等3个理由。本文分析了李承晚在三个时期的主要著作和活动中是如何描绘“民主”的。“朝鲜后期”(1895~1910年)是李仁济在汉城监狱通过写作主张民主主义、基督教、自由和平等思想的时期。在光复运动时期(1910~1945年),李承晚通过采访和作品将民主主义解释为《圣经》中的自由和平等。建国初期(1945~1950年)是李承晚通过演讲,通过土地改革实践民主主义信念的时期。废除地主主义延续了数千年,并在历史上第一次将土地分配给农民的思想背景是李承晚的民主主义。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on the Applicability of ‘Deliberative Democracy’ in the Candidate Selection of Korean Political Parties “协商民主”在韩国政党候选人选拔中的适用性研究
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2022.4.33
Wanghee Yoon
Candidate selection is an important issue that determines the quality of representative democracy. The final candidates selected by the people in the election are those who have passed the nomination process of the political party. In other words, the representatives chosen by the people cannot exceed the quality of party nominations. Therefore, the demand for “democratization” of candidate selection methods must now enter a new stage. It is not just democratization that returns the right of nomination to the people, but rather how the decision can be connected with a higher quality choice. In this respect, the problematic awareness of this study is focused on how to improve the quality of Korean party nominations. In this article, I focus on deliberative democracy in order to ensure that deliberation can be ensured in a thoughtful discussion, rather than a party's primary election being reduced to a 'survey democracy' based on opinion polls. If institutional planning is carried out in the candidate selection process in the future, it attempts to make an exploratory proposal on whether deliberative democracy can work.
候选人选拔是决定代议制民主主义质量的重要问题。国民在选举中选出的最终候选人是那些通过政党提名程序的人。换句话说,国民选出的代表不能超过政党推荐的质量。因此,对候选人选拔方法“民主化”的要求现在必须进入一个新的阶段。将公推权还给国民不仅是民主化问题,更重要的是如何将公推权与高质量的选择联系起来。在这方面,本研究的问题意识集中在如何提高韩国政党推荐质量上。在这篇文章中,我将重点放在协商民主上,以确保在深思熟虑的讨论中确保审议,而不是将政党的初选简化为基于民意调查的“调查民主”。如果未来在候选人选拔过程中进行制度规划,则试图对协商民主能否发挥作用提出探索性建议。
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引用次数: 0
An Analysis of Public Diplomacy in Local Councils 地方议会的公共外交分析
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2022.4.61
S. Jung
The purpose of this study is to seek practical and effective policy measures to revitalize public diplomacy in local councils by closely examining the current situation of public diplomacy in local councils from various angles and aspects. To this end. the public diplomatic environment of local councils was analyzed through news big data analysis, and the objective reality of 17 metropolitan councils was analyzed how local councils responded and changed after the enactment of the Public Diplomatic Act. In particular. by analyzing the diplomatic activities of the Busan Metropolitan Council for 14 years efforts were made to identify the problems and limitations that appear in actual operation. The effect of the Public Diplomatic Act should be able to spread beyond the diplomatic administration of local governments. To do this. various institutional supplements are needed to secure transparency and accountability in the operation of public diplomatic activities by reorganizing the legal basis at the local council level and to strengthen public diplomatic capabilities.
本研究的目的是通过对地方议会公共外交现状的多角度、多角度的审视,寻求切实有效的振兴地方议会公共外交的政策措施。为此目的。通过新闻大数据分析,分析地方议会公共外交环境,分析17个市道议会在《公共外交法》实施后的客观现实。在特定的。通过分析釜山市议会14年来的外交活动,找出了实际运作中存在的问题和局限性。《公共外交法》的效果应该超越地方自治团体的外交行政。来做这个。需要通过改组地方议会一级的法律基础和加强公共外交能力,在公共外交活动的运作中确保透明度和责任制的各种体制补充。
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引用次数: 0
Exploratory Study on Digital Policy and Trust in Parliament in Digital Transformation Era 数字化转型时代数字政策与议会信任的探索性研究
Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.54968/civicpol.2022.4.3
Hee Min
In the wake of digital transformation, Parliament should implement digital policies to ensure trust. However, digital technology by itself is unlikely to produce meaningful results in the policy-making process. Accordingly, this study focuses on the coexistence of high-level digital policy governance and distrust in Parliament. Furthermore, it explores the necessary conditions of digital policy for promoting public confidence in Parliament in this era of digital transformation. In particular, by analyzing the level of institution-based and process-based digital policies, this study examines the implications of the relationship between digital policy and trust in Parliament. Finally, to ensure trust in Parliament and reestablish its roles and functions, it is imperative to improve process-based digital policies.
在数字化转型之后,议会应该实施数字化政策以确保信任。然而,数字技术本身不太可能在决策过程中产生有意义的结果。因此,本研究侧重于高层数字政策治理与议会不信任的共存。此外,它还探讨了在这个数字化转型时代,提高公众对议会信心的数字政策的必要条件。特别是,通过分析基于制度和基于流程的数字政策的水平,本研究考察了数字政策与议会信任之间关系的含义。最后,为了确保对议会的信任并重建其角色和职能,必须改进基于流程的数字政策。
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引用次数: 0
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Center for Civic Politics Research
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