Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807506
I. Munina, P. Turalchuk, E. Kunakovskaya, I. Vendik
Biological medium surrounding an implanted device is characterized by a high dielectric permittivity and a loss factor. This fact results in a degradation of the electromagnetic signal. It's important to note that biological tissue and free space have a high dielectric constant which leads to a strong wave reflection from the interface. The phenomenon of the total internal reflection at the interface between the biological tissue and the air is under consideration. The improving the transmission coefficient between an implanted antenna and an antenna of reader can be obtained by using additional matching layer. The influence of this layer on the wave propagation on the interface of biological tissue/free space was studied analytically and by using full wave simulation. Realization of a miniature dipole antenna with SAW resonator was suggested for wireless remote temperature monitoring. The proposed results were confirmed by the full-wave simulation using SEMCAD X by SPEAG and the experimental validation.
{"title":"Estimation of attenuation of EM waves propagating through interface biological tissue/free space","authors":"I. Munina, P. Turalchuk, E. Kunakovskaya, I. Vendik","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807506","url":null,"abstract":"Biological medium surrounding an implanted device is characterized by a high dielectric permittivity and a loss factor. This fact results in a degradation of the electromagnetic signal. It's important to note that biological tissue and free space have a high dielectric constant which leads to a strong wave reflection from the interface. The phenomenon of the total internal reflection at the interface between the biological tissue and the air is under consideration. The improving the transmission coefficient between an implanted antenna and an antenna of reader can be obtained by using additional matching layer. The influence of this layer on the wave propagation on the interface of biological tissue/free space was studied analytically and by using full wave simulation. Realization of a miniature dipole antenna with SAW resonator was suggested for wireless remote temperature monitoring. The proposed results were confirmed by the full-wave simulation using SEMCAD X by SPEAG and the experimental validation.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125521634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807617
N. Leonor, R. Caldeirinha, M. Sánchez, T. Fernandes
This paper presents a feasibility study on the extension of the point scatterer formulation to characterise the electromagnetic behaviour of tree trunk formations. The original propagation model, successfully used in the canopy layer, uses various point scatterers with specific radiation characteristics, distributed within a computational volume, to describe the effect of the trees present in the radiowave propagation path. Subsequently, a ray-tracing based algorithm is used to gather all the interactions between the different point scatterers present in the simulation channel. This propagation model is now extended and applied to the trunk layer. To this extent, re-radiation measurements of both metallic and dielectric cylinders were performed in a controlled environment, inside an anechoic chamber, at 9.4, 18.8 and 37.6 GHz, were used to assess the model performance when dealing with single and isolated tree trunks. The proposed propagation model was then assessed against directional spectra measurements conducted within tree trunk formation scenarios at 9.4, 18.8 and 37.6 GHz. Additionally, a comparison analysis with a discretised radiative energy transfer (dRET) approach is conducted, where a relatively good agreement has been found.
{"title":"A feasibility study on the extension of the point scatterer formulation to raised canopy forests","authors":"N. Leonor, R. Caldeirinha, M. Sánchez, T. Fernandes","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807617","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a feasibility study on the extension of the point scatterer formulation to characterise the electromagnetic behaviour of tree trunk formations. The original propagation model, successfully used in the canopy layer, uses various point scatterers with specific radiation characteristics, distributed within a computational volume, to describe the effect of the trees present in the radiowave propagation path. Subsequently, a ray-tracing based algorithm is used to gather all the interactions between the different point scatterers present in the simulation channel. This propagation model is now extended and applied to the trunk layer. To this extent, re-radiation measurements of both metallic and dielectric cylinders were performed in a controlled environment, inside an anechoic chamber, at 9.4, 18.8 and 37.6 GHz, were used to assess the model performance when dealing with single and isolated tree trunks. The proposed propagation model was then assessed against directional spectra measurements conducted within tree trunk formation scenarios at 9.4, 18.8 and 37.6 GHz. Additionally, a comparison analysis with a discretised radiative energy transfer (dRET) approach is conducted, where a relatively good agreement has been found.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127545471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807581
Junqi Lu, Hu Yang, G. Wen, Deren Li
An aperiodic phased array antenna architecture for space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is presented. The proposed array antenna possesses several advantages compare to traditional periodic arrays, including using phase-only control to fit different beam shaping and steering requirements, and consuming fewer RF energy to generate same receiving signal power level. An executive approach for the design of proposed array is introduced. Performance of proposed aperiodic array when being applied to space SAR application are evaluated. Positive evaluation results demonstrate the feasibility of proposed antenna as well as the effectiveness of the design method.
{"title":"An aperiodic phased array antenna for space-bome synthetic aperture radar","authors":"Junqi Lu, Hu Yang, G. Wen, Deren Li","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807581","url":null,"abstract":"An aperiodic phased array antenna architecture for space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is presented. The proposed array antenna possesses several advantages compare to traditional periodic arrays, including using phase-only control to fit different beam shaping and steering requirements, and consuming fewer RF energy to generate same receiving signal power level. An executive approach for the design of proposed array is introduced. Performance of proposed aperiodic array when being applied to space SAR application are evaluated. Positive evaluation results demonstrate the feasibility of proposed antenna as well as the effectiveness of the design method.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128814431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807536
Y. Madany, H. Elkamchouchi, Bishoy I. Halim
Metamaterials represent a new paradigm in electromagnetic science and technology. They have already leaded to many unprecedented microwave applications, which may be classified in three categories: guided-wave, radiated-wave and refracted-wave applications. Radiated-wave applications cover several types of novel antennas and reflectors, which may be 1D or 2D, passive or active, and static or dynamically tuned. Progress in metamaterial technologies places challenging demands on material properties and therefore structured electromagnetic materials. The development of composite right / left-handed transmission lines (CRLH-TLs) has received considerable attention due to the unique propagation characteristics. The CRLH-TLs are the metamaterials with both of the RH and the LH properties. In this paper, study and design of smart frequency agility control system has been introduced and investigated. The proposed CRLH-TL has been evaluated using a commercial software. The final proposed system with smart control unit has been fabricated and the scattering characteristics have been illustrated using network analyzer to meet the multifunction operation requirements for communication and radar applications.
{"title":"Smart frequency agility control system using compact microstrip CRLH-TL array structure for communication and radar applications","authors":"Y. Madany, H. Elkamchouchi, Bishoy I. Halim","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807536","url":null,"abstract":"Metamaterials represent a new paradigm in electromagnetic science and technology. They have already leaded to many unprecedented microwave applications, which may be classified in three categories: guided-wave, radiated-wave and refracted-wave applications. Radiated-wave applications cover several types of novel antennas and reflectors, which may be 1D or 2D, passive or active, and static or dynamically tuned. Progress in metamaterial technologies places challenging demands on material properties and therefore structured electromagnetic materials. The development of composite right / left-handed transmission lines (CRLH-TLs) has received considerable attention due to the unique propagation characteristics. The CRLH-TLs are the metamaterials with both of the RH and the LH properties. In this paper, study and design of smart frequency agility control system has been introduced and investigated. The proposed CRLH-TL has been evaluated using a commercial software. The final proposed system with smart control unit has been fabricated and the scattering characteristics have been illustrated using network analyzer to meet the multifunction operation requirements for communication and radar applications.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127667274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807524
I. Morrow, M. Finnis
This paper contributes to the validation and experimental determination of the complex permittivity and permeability of microwave materials intended for use with antennas. The two-port microwave scattering coefficients were measured for samples of the materials in closed coaxial and rectangular waveguide systems. A non-iterative and stable version of the Nicholson Ross and Weir transmission reflection technique was used to determine the complex constitutive parameters. Extracted results for microwave materials including Aluminium Nitride, Boron Nitride and a Silicone binding agent are presented. Some preliminary data on a manufactured Barium Titanate and Carbon fibre polymer composite microwave absorber is also described.
{"title":"Determination of the permittivity and permeability for some low-loss and high-loss microwave materials","authors":"I. Morrow, M. Finnis","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807524","url":null,"abstract":"This paper contributes to the validation and experimental determination of the complex permittivity and permeability of microwave materials intended for use with antennas. The two-port microwave scattering coefficients were measured for samples of the materials in closed coaxial and rectangular waveguide systems. A non-iterative and stable version of the Nicholson Ross and Weir transmission reflection technique was used to determine the complex constitutive parameters. Extracted results for microwave materials including Aluminium Nitride, Boron Nitride and a Silicone binding agent are presented. Some preliminary data on a manufactured Barium Titanate and Carbon fibre polymer composite microwave absorber is also described.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129540646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807479
J. Muhammed, P. Abdulla, Raphika Muhammed
A cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) excited by a rectangular waveguide with tapered section is presented in this paper. By introducing a tapered section of waveguide between the rectangular waveguide and square ground plane, the coupling to a low permittivity DRA can be improved substantially. Moreover, it offers a 10 dB bandwidth of 6.34% and a maximum gain of 6 dBi. Symmetrical broadside radiation patterns with low levels of cross polarization are maintained in both the planes. The proposed antenna is very much suitable for millimeter wave applications due to the very low losses of waveguide and DRA.
{"title":"Tapered waveguide fed cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna","authors":"J. Muhammed, P. Abdulla, Raphika Muhammed","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807479","url":null,"abstract":"A cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) excited by a rectangular waveguide with tapered section is presented in this paper. By introducing a tapered section of waveguide between the rectangular waveguide and square ground plane, the coupling to a low permittivity DRA can be improved substantially. Moreover, it offers a 10 dB bandwidth of 6.34% and a maximum gain of 6 dBi. Symmetrical broadside radiation patterns with low levels of cross polarization are maintained in both the planes. The proposed antenna is very much suitable for millimeter wave applications due to the very low losses of waveguide and DRA.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126446293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807567
N. Lyras, C. Kourogiorgas, A. Panagopoulos, S. Ventouras
The reliable design of modern satellite communication systems operating above 10GHz requires the accurate evaluation of the channel modeling. Rain attenuation is the dominant fading mechanism for satellite links at Ku, Ka and Q/V band. Channel modeling is also important for the optimum design of the Fade Mitigation Techniques (FMTs). In this paper we present annual, seasonal, and diurnal simulated, using synthetic storm technique (SST), rain attenuation statistics for hypothetical links from ALPHASAT at Ka and Q bands. Moreover we examine a simulated pico-scale diversity scheme and we present statistics of the dynamic diversity gain for various satellite link characteristics. Some significant conclusions for the design of high throughput satellite systems operating in Athens, Greece are drawn.
{"title":"Rain attenuation statistics at Ka and Q band in Athens using SST and short scale dynamic diversity gain evaluation","authors":"N. Lyras, C. Kourogiorgas, A. Panagopoulos, S. Ventouras","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807567","url":null,"abstract":"The reliable design of modern satellite communication systems operating above 10GHz requires the accurate evaluation of the channel modeling. Rain attenuation is the dominant fading mechanism for satellite links at Ku, Ka and Q/V band. Channel modeling is also important for the optimum design of the Fade Mitigation Techniques (FMTs). In this paper we present annual, seasonal, and diurnal simulated, using synthetic storm technique (SST), rain attenuation statistics for hypothetical links from ALPHASAT at Ka and Q bands. Moreover we examine a simulated pico-scale diversity scheme and we present statistics of the dynamic diversity gain for various satellite link characteristics. Some significant conclusions for the design of high throughput satellite systems operating in Athens, Greece are drawn.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121662972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807586
Fengzhou Wang, T. Arslan
This paper introduces a thin film-based wearable ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna implemented over an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) in order to reduce the effect of human body and improve gain and bandwidth characteristics. The proposed AMC is implemented using a low-cost and easily-fabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a flexible substrate to enhance radiation properties of the wearable antenna. The antenna used in this paper is based on a thin film of polyester and copper implemented in printed circuit board technology. The antenna and AMC are designed and simulated and the performance of the final design is verified in CST Microwave Studio.
{"title":"A wearable ultra-wideband monopole antenna with flexible artificial magnetic conductor","authors":"Fengzhou Wang, T. Arslan","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807586","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a thin film-based wearable ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna implemented over an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) in order to reduce the effect of human body and improve gain and bandwidth characteristics. The proposed AMC is implemented using a low-cost and easily-fabricated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a flexible substrate to enhance radiation properties of the wearable antenna. The antenna used in this paper is based on a thin film of polyester and copper implemented in printed circuit board technology. The antenna and AMC are designed and simulated and the performance of the final design is verified in CST Microwave Studio.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124095749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807547
M. Al-Sadoon, A. Abdullah, Ramzy S. Ali, Yuxiang Tu, Raed A. Abd-Alhameed, S. Jones, J. Noras
In this paper, a conical helical ring antenna array is proposed for detecting direction of arrival (DOA). This array is applied two angles of arrival (AOA) methods. These are minimum variance distortion-less response (MVDR) and MUSIC. The effect of mutual coupling is included on the estimation accuracy of angle of arrival. Six and eight elements ring antenna array with different spacing are studied. Results are presented that include the estimation error before and after compensation of mutual coupling.
{"title":"The effects of mutual coupling within antenna arrays on angle of arrival methods","authors":"M. Al-Sadoon, A. Abdullah, Ramzy S. Ali, Yuxiang Tu, Raed A. Abd-Alhameed, S. Jones, J. Noras","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807547","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a conical helical ring antenna array is proposed for detecting direction of arrival (DOA). This array is applied two angles of arrival (AOA) methods. These are minimum variance distortion-less response (MVDR) and MUSIC. The effect of mutual coupling is included on the estimation accuracy of angle of arrival. Six and eight elements ring antenna array with different spacing are studied. Results are presented that include the estimation error before and after compensation of mutual coupling.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124102498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807503
N. Neumann, D. Plettemeier
A prospective frequency band for short range communication is around 300 GHz where sufficient bandwidth is available for high data rates. Up- and down converters providing around 20 GHz bandwidth at a carrier frequency within 260 GHz to 400 GHz have been used. At such high frequencies, the propagation properties differ significantly from the known behavior at lower frequencies. Hence, different scenarios have been investigated: direct line-of-sight transmission, multiple reflections at dielectric surfaces and reflection on compound materials such as computer boards (PCBs). Data rates up to 42 Gbit/s have been shown. Additionally, an advanced modulation format (PAM-4) has been tested.
{"title":"Investigation of propagation scenarios for high speed transmission at 300 GHz","authors":"N. Neumann, D. Plettemeier","doi":"10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2016.7807503","url":null,"abstract":"A prospective frequency band for short range communication is around 300 GHz where sufficient bandwidth is available for high data rates. Up- and down converters providing around 20 GHz bandwidth at a carrier frequency within 260 GHz to 400 GHz have been used. At such high frequencies, the propagation properties differ significantly from the known behavior at lower frequencies. Hence, different scenarios have been investigated: direct line-of-sight transmission, multiple reflections at dielectric surfaces and reflection on compound materials such as computer boards (PCBs). Data rates up to 42 Gbit/s have been shown. Additionally, an advanced modulation format (PAM-4) has been tested.","PeriodicalId":253379,"journal":{"name":"2016 Loughborough Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC)","volume":"54 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124860175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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