Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00008
M. Thinyane, Lauri Goldkind
Technology, and specifically Artificial Intelligence, is transforming society in profound bivalent ways with positive and negative impacts. There is a recognition that AI offers immense potential for improving human well-being, which has been formulated at length from many perspectives, including the economic, social, psychological, developmental, and health perspectives. Critical questions with regards to these AI for well-being systems are, “What does success as far as employing AI to support human well-being look like?” and perhaps more importantly, “How do we inform system development processes to ensure the said success?” AI ethical frameworks and design guidelines have been formulated that address these questions by articulating some notion of successful or desired AI. Further, approaches such as participatory design, value-sensitive design, and goal-oriented requirements engineering aim to connect system development processes with high-level contextual concerns and non-functional softgoals. However, to establish the effectiveness of these instruments for informing AI for well-being solutions, it is necessary to have normative analysis and evaluation frameworks that recognize the innate complexity and multidimensionality of human well-being. This paper presents Herman Dooyeweerd’s philosophy as one such framework and provides a formulation of well-being informed by his Theory of Aspects and his “simultaneous realization of norms” principle. The paper then presents a multi-aspectual analysis of AI Ethics frameworks to illustrate and suggest a mechanism that can be employed across diverse contexts and domains for requirement analysis and requirements refinement for technology solutions in general, but specifically for AI for well-being solutions.
技术，特别是人工智能，正在以深刻的双重方式改变社会，带来积极和消极的影响。人们认识到，人工智能为改善人类福祉提供了巨大的潜力，这已经从许多角度详细阐述，包括经济、社会、心理、发展和健康角度。关于这些人工智能福祉系统的关键问题是，“就使用人工智能来支持人类福祉而言，成功是什么样子的?”也许更重要的是，“我们如何通知系统开发过程以确保上述成功?”人工智能伦理框架和设计指南已经制定，通过阐明成功或理想的人工智能的一些概念来解决这些问题。此外，诸如参与式设计、价值敏感设计和面向目标的需求工程等方法旨在将系统开发过程与高级上下文关系和非功能软件目标联系起来。然而，为了确立这些工具为人工智能提供福祉解决方案的有效性，有必要建立规范的分析和评估框架，以认识人类福祉的固有复杂性和多维性。本文将Herman Dooyeweerd的哲学作为这样一个框架，并根据他的面向理论(Theory of Aspects)和“规范的同步实现”原则提供了一个幸福的公式。然后，本文对人工智能伦理框架进行了多方面的分析，以说明并提出一种机制，该机制可用于不同背景和领域，用于一般技术解决方案的需求分析和需求优化，但特别适用于人工智能福祉解决方案。
{"title":"A Multi-Aspectual Requirements Analysis for Artificial Intelligence for Well-being","authors":"M. Thinyane, Lauri Goldkind","doi":"10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00008","url":null,"abstract":"Technology, and specifically Artificial Intelligence, is transforming society in profound bivalent ways with positive and negative impacts. There is a recognition that AI offers immense potential for improving human well-being, which has been formulated at length from many perspectives, including the economic, social, psychological, developmental, and health perspectives. Critical questions with regards to these AI for well-being systems are, “What does success as far as employing AI to support human well-being look like?” and perhaps more importantly, “How do we inform system development processes to ensure the said success?” AI ethical frameworks and design guidelines have been formulated that address these questions by articulating some notion of successful or desired AI. Further, approaches such as participatory design, value-sensitive design, and goal-oriented requirements engineering aim to connect system development processes with high-level contextual concerns and non-functional softgoals. However, to establish the effectiveness of these instruments for informing AI for well-being solutions, it is necessary to have normative analysis and evaluation frameworks that recognize the innate complexity and multidimensionality of human well-being. This paper presents Herman Dooyeweerd’s philosophy as one such framework and provides a formulation of well-being informed by his Theory of Aspects and his “simultaneous realization of norms” principle. The paper then presents a multi-aspectual analysis of AI Ethics frameworks to illustrate and suggest a mechanism that can be employed across diverse contexts and domains for requirement analysis and requirements refinement for technology solutions in general, but specifically for AI for well-being solutions.","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121929444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00001
Rewbah
{"title":"REWBAH 2020 Commentary","authors":"Rewbah","doi":"10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115367289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00013
Ebba Håkansson, E. Bjarnason
Digital technology plays an important role in our work places, and much time is spent in the virtual environments that technology provides. However, today’s digital work environments are often cumbersome and hard to use, and contribute to stress and ill-health with subsequent cost to the individual, to their employers and to society. Our long-term aim is to facilitate the development of IT systems that provide a healthy digital work environment by including a human factors and ergonomics (HFE) perspective in the requirements engineering (RE) process. IT systems can then be better adapted to professional users, rather than forcing them to adapt work processes to the tools provided. As a first step, we performed an exploratory case study of a recently implemented IT system at a major Nordic bank to identify relevant aspects of HFE to consider within RE. The study consisted of a literature review, observations and interviews. We present eight factors covering user support such as documentation and training, and system characteristics such as understandability, ease of learning, ease of remembering, user satisfaction, system interplay and work-process interplay. These initial results may support non-HFE experts in including these aspects in RE for digital work environments. The results are also a starting point for further research into incorporating HFE in RE.
{"title":"Including Human Factors and Ergonomics in Requirements Engineering for Digital Work Environments","authors":"Ebba Håkansson, E. Bjarnason","doi":"10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00013","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technology plays an important role in our work places, and much time is spent in the virtual environments that technology provides. However, today’s digital work environments are often cumbersome and hard to use, and contribute to stress and ill-health with subsequent cost to the individual, to their employers and to society. Our long-term aim is to facilitate the development of IT systems that provide a healthy digital work environment by including a human factors and ergonomics (HFE) perspective in the requirements engineering (RE) process. IT systems can then be better adapted to professional users, rather than forcing them to adapt work processes to the tools provided. As a first step, we performed an exploratory case study of a recently implemented IT system at a major Nordic bank to identify relevant aspects of HFE to consider within RE. The study consisted of a literature review, observations and interviews. We present eight factors covering user support such as documentation and training, and system characteristics such as understandability, ease of learning, ease of remembering, user satisfaction, system interplay and work-process interplay. These initial results may support non-HFE experts in including these aspects in RE for digital work environments. The results are also a starting point for further research into incorporating HFE in RE.","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128875163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00011
M. Levy
This study discusses the importance of well-being (WB) and the role of applications in promoting WB. While there are many applications that aim to promote WB in various aspects of daily life (e.g. healthy eating, mindfulness), most of them fail to engage users over time. This paper posits that understanding the users’ emotional needs and creating attachment between the users and the applications, are critical factors for determining user engagement. The paper shows how applying the design thinking methodology, and in particular its customer journey map (CJM) tool, to present offline and online journeys, can help scholars understand how a specific application can be used in everyday life, enabling users to become attached and engaged. The paper presents how this approach helped students cope with a challenge of creating applications for reducing stress among mentally challenged persons during a multidisciplinary workshop attended by engineering and design students.
{"title":"Emotional Requirements for Well-being Applications : The Customer Journey","authors":"M. Levy","doi":"10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00011","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the importance of well-being (WB) and the role of applications in promoting WB. While there are many applications that aim to promote WB in various aspects of daily life (e.g. healthy eating, mindfulness), most of them fail to engage users over time. This paper posits that understanding the users’ emotional needs and creating attachment between the users and the applications, are critical factors for determining user engagement. The paper shows how applying the design thinking methodology, and in particular its customer journey map (CJM) tool, to present offline and online journeys, can help scholars understand how a specific application can be used in everyday life, enabling users to become attached and engaged. The paper presents how this approach helped students cope with a challenge of creating applications for reducing stress among mentally challenged persons during a multidisciplinary workshop attended by engineering and design students.","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133256730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00005
Tiina Freimann, Danel Jantra, K. Rannus
{"title":"Welcome from the Organizers","authors":"Tiina Freimann, Danel Jantra, K. Rannus","doi":"10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124832601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00009
S. Jantunen, A. Pesola, P. Janhunen, Tuomas Reijonen, Viljo Kuuluvainen
Digital health is an emerging field that brings together professionals from wide range of disciplines, including clinical medicine, health services research, behavioral science, education, engineering, and computer science. For embracing the opportunities of digital health and improving the health and wellbeing of people, we need new multidisciplinary development approaches. The purpose of this vision paper is to understand better what kinds of demands digital health-related development projects pose on RE-activities and what kind of RE approach would be appropriate to deal with the identified challenges. To this end, we first discuss the differences of research traditions that are related to digital health. We then explore one digital health –related development project with the attempt to: 1) distill characteristics of the development challenge, and 2) determine a RE approach to address the identified characteristics.
{"title":"Developing Wellbeing Service Effectiveness Platform : Some RE considerations","authors":"S. Jantunen, A. Pesola, P. Janhunen, Tuomas Reijonen, Viljo Kuuluvainen","doi":"10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00009","url":null,"abstract":"Digital health is an emerging field that brings together professionals from wide range of disciplines, including clinical medicine, health services research, behavioral science, education, engineering, and computer science. For embracing the opportunities of digital health and improving the health and wellbeing of people, we need new multidisciplinary development approaches. The purpose of this vision paper is to understand better what kinds of demands digital health-related development projects pose on RE-activities and what kind of RE approach would be appropriate to deal with the identified challenges. To this end, we first discuss the differences of research traditions that are related to digital health. We then explore one digital health –related development project with the attempt to: 1) distill characteristics of the development challenge, and 2) determine a RE approach to address the identified characteristics.","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128351128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00014
Muneef Alshammari, O. Doody, Ita Richardson
Persons with intellectual and developmental disability remain among the most vulnerable members of society and frequently face numerous barriers. This includes having poor access to health information systems (HIS), which may be further compromised by a lack of accessible HIS resources. To be more effective, HIS must be easily accessible and usable to be understood by users. The study explores the usability and accessibility of HIS that is used and accessed by people with mild intellectual and developmental disability. Through focus groups following which we drew on qualitative data, we explored and observed the accessibility and usability of HIS by men with mild intellectual and developmental disabilities aged between 18 and 35 years. The findings of our study show that there is substantial promise for using and accessing HIS by participants. However, we identified many barriers against and enablers for using and accessing these systems. We also identified some design requirements for developing health information system for persons with mild intellectual and developmental disability.
{"title":"Software Engineering Issues: An exploratory study into the development of Health Information Systems for people with Mild Intellectual and Developmental Disability","authors":"Muneef Alshammari, O. Doody, Ita Richardson","doi":"10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REWBAH51211.2020.00014","url":null,"abstract":"Persons with intellectual and developmental disability remain among the most vulnerable members of society and frequently face numerous barriers. This includes having poor access to health information systems (HIS), which may be further compromised by a lack of accessible HIS resources. To be more effective, HIS must be easily accessible and usable to be understood by users. The study explores the usability and accessibility of HIS that is used and accessed by people with mild intellectual and developmental disability. Through focus groups following which we drew on qualitative data, we explored and observed the accessibility and usability of HIS by men with mild intellectual and developmental disabilities aged between 18 and 35 years. The findings of our study show that there is substantial promise for using and accessing HIS by participants. However, we identified many barriers against and enablers for using and accessing these systems. We also identified some design requirements for developing health information system for persons with mild intellectual and developmental disability.","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123256433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00006
{"title":"REWBAH 2020 Committees","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127065014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00016
{"title":"REWBAH 2020 Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122926618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00003
{"title":"REWBAH 2020 Breaker Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/rewbah51211.2020.00003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":255019,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Well-Being, Aging, and Health (REWBAH)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125320290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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