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TAJIK COMMUNITIES IN RUSSIAN REGIONS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: EMPLOYMENT AND SOLIDARITY 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间俄罗斯地区塔吉克族社区:就业与团结
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2021-1-05
S. Ryazantsev, Zafar K. Vazirov, Osim K. Kasymov
In the course of field research, statistical and sociological data were collected on the number, socio-demographic structure and problems of Tajik migrants in various regions of the Russian Federation. During the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, Tajik migrants faced social and economic difficulties. The pandemic has significantly complicated the situation of Tajik citizens — temporary labor migrants in Russia. Many were unable to leave Russia before the borders were closed, and during the lockdown they lost their jobs and sources of income. The loss of a job turned into problems both for the migrants who remained in Russia and for their families, who could not receive remittances from Russia. Many labor migrants were forced to look for work, adapt to the new socio-economic situation, experienced pressure from the security forces, lost their health and were in a state of stress. Labor migrants from Tajikistan, who initially lost income during the lockdown in April-May 2020, were gradually able to adapt to the new socio-economic conditions and restore their monetary income, continuing to provide assistance to their families in their homeland. Three types of Tajik public associations in Russia have been identified and described: organizations positioning themselves through the ethnocultural component and carrying out cultural projects; organizations providing various types of assistance to citizens and immigrants from Tajikistan (for example, labor migrants); organizations uniting representatives of socio-demographic groups from Tajikistan (for example, working with youth). The article also analyzes the forms of solidarity of Tajik communities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia; it is revealed that the main burden of supporting Tajik migrants was carried by ethnic entrepreneurs and non-governmental organizations.
在实地研究过程中,收集了关于俄罗斯联邦各地区塔吉克移民人数、社会人口结构和问题的统计和社会学数据。在俄罗斯2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,塔吉克移民面临社会和经济困难。大流行使塔吉克公民——在俄罗斯的临时劳工移民——的处境严重复杂化。许多人在边境关闭之前无法离开俄罗斯,在封锁期间,他们失去了工作和收入来源。失业给留在俄罗斯的移民和他们的家人带来了麻烦,因为他们无法收到来自俄罗斯的汇款。许多移徙劳工被迫寻找工作,适应新的社会经济形势,承受来自安全部队的压力,失去健康,处于紧张状态。在2020年4月至5月的封锁期间,来自塔吉克斯坦的劳工移民最初失去了收入,但他们逐渐适应了新的社会经济条件,恢复了货币收入,继续为家乡的家人提供帮助。在俄罗斯的塔吉克公共协会有三种类型:通过民族文化组成部分定位自己并开展文化项目的组织;向塔吉克斯坦公民和移民(例如劳工移民)提供各种援助的组织;联合塔吉克斯坦社会人口群体代表的组织(例如,与青年合作)。文章还分析了在俄罗斯2019冠状病毒病大流行期间塔吉克社区团结的形式;结果显示,支助塔吉克移民的主要负担是由民族企业家和非政府组织承担的。
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引用次数: 2
APPROACHES TO DIGITALIZATION OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY FROM THE STANDPOINT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY 从经济安全的角度探讨俄罗斯经济数字化的途径
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2019-1-2-05
Z. K. Zoidov
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引用次数: 0
THE INITIAL COST OF FIXED ASSETS AND ITS MODIFICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE APPLICATION OF NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS 固定资产的初始成本及其在新会计准则下的变动
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2023-1-2-12
Z. Rabadanova
In order to maintain the technical condition of fixed assets in accordance with the requirements of production, it is important to form and implement projects to upgrade, modernize and restore existing production facilities. The valuation of the organization's fixed assets serves as the most important condition for the formation of objective accounting and reporting information on them. The correct assessment determines the formation of the real value of depreciation deductions, the total amount of expenses and calculation. The article discusses the accounting and economic problems of the formation of the valuation of fixed assets in the context of the introduction of the new FSB 6/2020 "Fixed assets". The importance of an objective assessment of the value of the property assets of the enterprise is substantiated, the types of valuation of fixed assets are systematized. Objective valuation of fixed assets, the methods of their revaluation, depreciation charges, and their reflection in accounting and reporting selected and approved in the accounting policy ultimately affect the efficiency of enterprises. The innovations in terms of the formation of the initial, fair and revalued value are shown. Conclusions are drawn regarding the advantages and disadvantages of the system of valuation of fixed assets that has been in place since 2022 in modern Russian accounting practice.
为了使固定资产的技术状态保持在符合生产要求的水平,对现有生产设施进行升级改造、现代化改造和修复,是形成和实施项目的重要内容。组织固定资产的估值是形成客观会计和报告信息的最重要条件。正确的评估决定了折旧扣除的真实价值的形成,以及费用总额的计算。本文在引入新的FSB 6/2020《固定资产》的背景下,讨论了固定资产估值形成的会计和经济问题。客观评估企业不动产价值的重要性得到了证实,固定资产估值的类型得到了系统化。在会计政策中选择和批准的固定资产的客观估值、重估方法、折旧费及其在会计和报告中的反映,最终影响企业的效益。在初始价值形成、公允价值形成和重估价值形成等方面进行了创新。结论是关于自2022年以来在现代俄罗斯会计实践中实施的固定资产估值制度的优点和缺点。
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引用次数: 0
CLUSTERING OF MUNICIPALITIES IN TERMS OF BUDGET PROVISION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIES 在预算提供和领土经济发展方面的城市集群
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2019-3-4-08
V. Tatarnikova
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引用次数: 0
IMPORT SUBSTITUTION UNDER SANCTIONS: ACHIEVEMENTS AND DIFFICULTIES 制裁下的进口替代:成就与困难
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2023-1-2-03
T. V. Lezhenina
At the present stage, the issue of import substitution is the main one for the functioning of the Russian economy. The 2022 sanctions have become many times larger than previous restrictions and have spread to various sectors of the economy. Under such conditions, the import of technologies and goods from Western countries has been significantly reduced, so it is necessary to expand parallel imports and create import-substituting industries in Russia itself. Previously, the EAEU was not the focus of Russian foreign policy. But today Western countries are seeking to eliminate Russia from the world economy and trade. Therefore, the maintenance of technological sovereignty, the creation of alternative financial mechanisms and external relations within the EAEU are becoming an important means for Russia to compensate for the damage from sanctions. They also provide an opportunity to adapt to changing conditions. At present, Russia has changed the direction of economic cooperation to the East and began to transform the market, relying on the countries of Asia and the BRICS. Today, the main areas of joint activity of the BRICS member countries are strengthening trade relations, cooperation in the digital economy, maintaining supply chains and climate-related issues.
现阶段,进口替代问题是影响俄罗斯经济运行的主要问题。2022年的制裁比以前的限制要大很多倍,并已蔓延到经济的各个领域。在这种情况下,从西方国家进口的技术和商品明显减少,因此有必要扩大平行进口,在俄罗斯国内创造进口替代产业。此前,欧亚经济联盟并不是俄罗斯外交政策的重点。但如今,西方国家正试图将俄罗斯从世界经济和贸易中剔除。因此,维护技术主权、建立替代金融机制和欧亚经济联盟内部的对外关系,正成为俄罗斯补偿制裁损害的重要手段。它们还提供了适应不断变化的环境的机会。目前,俄罗斯已经将经济合作的方向转向东方,开始转型市场,依靠亚洲国家和金砖国家。今天,金砖国家的主要合作领域是加强贸易关系、数字经济合作、维护供应链和应对气候变化。
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引用次数: 0
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND MONGOLIA 俄罗斯与蒙古经济合作发展的当前趋势
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2021-1-08
T. V. Lezhenina
In the post-Soviet era, after a period of stagnation of the 90s, Russia and Mongolia began to actively cooperate, using and updating the economic potential created during the years of cooperation between Mongolia and the USSR. Goal. Explore modern conditions for the transition from stagnation in relations between Russia and Mongolia to cooperation. Tasks. Assess the readiness of the two countries to resume wide-ranging communications on mutually beneficial conditions. Methodology. The use of methods of scientific knowledge, the experience of economic relations of large and small countries in conditions of instability of the world economy, new threats and challenges in the XXI century. Results. It is proved that on the basis of mutually beneficial economic cooperation and coordination of domestic and foreign policies, Russia and Mongolia have created guarantees to maintain peace and promote integration in the Asia-Pacific region. Findings. Using the example of studying bilateral relations between Russia and Mongolia together with tripartite ones in the new Russia-Mongolia-China format, the possibility of reducing the dominance of China's role in Mongolia, reducing American influence and pressure on the leadership of Mongolia in order to weaken the Russian and Chinese presence is proved.
后苏联时代,在经历了90年代的停滞期后,俄罗斯和蒙古开始积极合作,利用和更新蒙古和苏联合作期间创造的经济潜力。的目标。探讨俄蒙关系从停滞走向合作的现代条件。任务。评估两国在互利条件下恢复广泛通信的准备情况。方法。使用科学知识的方法,在世界经济不稳定的条件下大小国家的经济关系的经验,在二十一世纪的新威胁和挑战。结果。事实证明,在互利的经济合作和内外政策协调的基础上,俄罗斯和蒙古为维护亚太地区的和平和促进一体化创造了保障。发现。本文以俄蒙双边关系以及俄蒙中三方关系为例,论证了降低中国在蒙古的主导地位,降低美国对蒙古领导层的影响和压力,从而削弱俄罗斯和中国存在的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
TRANSFORMATION OF THE SETTLEMENT SYSTEM IN THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT AT THE LEVEL OF MUNICIPAL FORMATION 远东联邦区在市级建制层面的安置制度转型
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2019-5-09
V. Bezverbny, T. Miryazov
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引用次数: 3
THE IMPACT OF SLOWING ECONOMIC GROWTH ON ITS ENERGY INTENSITY 经济增长放缓对能源强度的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2022-1-05
Anastasia V. Vlasova
The link between economic growth and energy intensity of an economy plays a vital role in providing insight into the specifics of the development of the variety of economies. It is generally assumed that economic growth slowing down is coupled with the decrease of the progress of technological development of the production of goods, investments in energy projects also experience a decrease. The energy intensity of the economy increases, its energy efficiency decreases. Conditionally fixed energy costs in projects also do not contribute to reducing energy intensity. Macrofactors, with increasingly dire impacts on the economy, overshadow the reduction of energy intensity. The paper reviews the contradictions between generally accepted trends and trends experienced by a particular economy (with the example of the Chinese economy). Despite the fact that a large number of foreign and domestic studies examine that link, it would be inappropriate to draw unequivocal conclusions. The author comes to the conclusion that the specifics of economic development have an overwhelming influence on the dynamics of energy intensity. The policy of the Chinese authorities uses rather adaptive mechanisms to adjust the future energy policy, which makes it possible to reduce energy intensity during the period of economic growth and when it slows down.
经济增长与一个经济体的能源强度之间的联系,在深入了解各种经济体发展的具体情况方面起着至关重要的作用。一般认为,经济增长放缓是伴随着商品生产的技术发展进步的减少,能源项目的投资也会减少。经济的能源强度增加,其能源效率降低。项目中有条件固定的能源成本也无助于降低能源强度。对经济影响日益严重的宏观因素使能源强度的降低黯然失色。本文回顾了普遍接受的趋势与特定经济体所经历的趋势之间的矛盾(以中国经济为例)。尽管大量的国外和国内研究审查了这一联系,但得出明确的结论是不恰当的。作者得出的结论是,经济发展的特殊性对能源强度的动态具有压倒性的影响。中国当局的政策采用了相当适应性的机制来调整未来的能源政策,这使得在经济增长期间和经济放缓期间降低能源强度成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE MECHANISM OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY 关于保障经营活动经济安全的机制问题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2021-2-05
V. Bessarabov, T. N. M. Tugan-Baranovsky
The article is devoted to the development of a mechanism for ensuring the economic security of entrepreneurial activity, the logical structure of which made it possible not only to simulate the process of its implementation, considered as a separate business process, but also to justify the selection of separate functional-subject areas, the regulation of which will increase the effectiveness of its application. At the same time, the logic of the development and interrelation of the mechanisms presented in the article proceeds from the possibility of considering them as separate systems (with characteristic structural elements and blocks) and processes aimed at timely neutralization of actions and prevention of threats to the economic security of entrepreneurial activity, which, ultimately, eventually, will lead to an increase in its level. With the help of the consistent application of both theoretical research methods (synthesis, analysis, abstraction) and empirical (modeling), a mechanism has been developed to ensure the economic security of entrepreneurial activity, the structure of which is distinguished by a stable interconnection of elements of theoretical, methodological, functional and practical blocks, and the implementation is the ARIS methodology, aimed at step-by-step modeling and organizational and methodological optimization of the process of identifying, assessing and countering threats to economic security.
本文致力于开发一种机制,以确保创业活动的经济安全,其逻辑结构不仅可以模拟其实施过程,将其视为单独的业务过程,而且可以证明选择单独的功能主题领域是合理的,对其进行监管将提高其应用的有效性。与此同时,文章中提出的机制的发展和相互关系的逻辑源于将它们视为单独的系统(具有特征的结构要素和块)和旨在及时消除行动和预防对企业活动的经济安全的威胁的过程的可能性,这最终将导致其水平的提高。在理论研究方法(综合、分析、抽象)和实证研究方法(建模)的一致应用的帮助下,已经形成了一种机制,以确保企业活动的经济安全,其结构的特点是理论、方法、功能和实践块的要素之间的稳定联系,并实施了ARIS方法。旨在逐步建立模型,并在组织和方法上优化查明、评估和对付经济安全威胁的过程。
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引用次数: 0
ASSESSMENT OF FOOD SECURITY UNDER INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS 国际制裁下的粮食安全评估
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.26653/2076-4650-2022-2-3-08
Mariya P. Belikova
This article is devoted to assessing the food security of the Russian Federation. An analysis of the level of food security in Russia in recent years was carried out, it was noted that the country, since 2016, has been improving the indicator of food security in the Global Food Security Index. Russia is among the top six countries that have increased the value of this index to the greatest extent. It was noted that Russia gained very high indicators in such components of the index as "Price Availability," "Quality and Safety," thereby showing the availability of food for the population and their quality. The challenges to the country's food security that it may face in connection with the imposition of new sanctions on it by a number of countries have been analyzed. It was noted that the greatest risks in this area are the import of seed material and hatching eggs, as well as potential problems with international logistics and import of agricultural machinery. It was noted that the state should not only invest in the development of agriculture, but also control the effectiveness of these investments.
本文专门讨论评估俄罗斯联邦的粮食安全问题。对俄罗斯近年来的粮食安全水平进行了分析,指出该国自2016年以来一直在改善全球粮食安全指数中的粮食安全指标。俄罗斯是该指数增幅最大的六个国家之一。有人指出,俄罗斯在指数的“价格可得性”、“质量和安全”等组成部分中获得了很高的指标,从而显示了人口的粮食可得性及其质量。一些国家对该国实施新的制裁,对该国粮食安全可能面临的挑战进行了分析。会议指出,这方面最大的风险是种子材料和孵化蛋的进口,以及国际物流和农业机械进口方面的潜在问题。有人指出,国家不仅要投资发展农业,而且要控制这些投资的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Scientific Review. Series 1. Economics and Law
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