Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981649
Harold Francisco Mazo Mantilla, A. Pavas, I. Durán
This paper presents an evaluation of the possible effects of increasing the harmonic voltage distortion limits on the lifetime of distribution transformers. This analysis is done through the combination of the current and voltage harmonic distortions to determine the effect on the transformer temperature rise and his impact on transformer aging. The effects of current harmonics on transformer load losses and aging have been widely studied. In contrast, the effects of voltage harmonics remain still scarcely investigated, very few documents analyze this disturbance related to transformer aging and quite rarely it has been included in the transformer aging models operating under non-sinusoidal conditions. Both harmonic distortion effects will be compared through the transformer thermal-electrical model to characterize the transformer loss of life for different levels of voltage and current distortion.
{"title":"Aging of distribution transformers due to voltage harmonics","authors":"Harold Francisco Mazo Mantilla, A. Pavas, I. Durán","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981649","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an evaluation of the possible effects of increasing the harmonic voltage distortion limits on the lifetime of distribution transformers. This analysis is done through the combination of the current and voltage harmonic distortions to determine the effect on the transformer temperature rise and his impact on transformer aging. The effects of current harmonics on transformer load losses and aging have been widely studied. In contrast, the effects of voltage harmonics remain still scarcely investigated, very few documents analyze this disturbance related to transformer aging and quite rarely it has been included in the transformer aging models operating under non-sinusoidal conditions. Both harmonic distortion effects will be compared through the transformer thermal-electrical model to characterize the transformer loss of life for different levels of voltage and current distortion.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123135098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981669
D. Escobar-Quiroga, S. Cuéllar-Carrillo, J. Gonzalez-Llorente
Due to the limited availability of energy quantity, the restrictions imposed on its dimensions, capacities and available surface area for the use of solar panels, the need to reach the maximum efficiency in the conversion of energy to supply a satellite is found. This is why the direct energy transfer (DET) and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are carried out. These algorithms are characterized by being simple, fast and efficient. A DC-DC buck converter is used as interface between the load and the solar panel to observe its behavior. In SaberRD software, the design and simulation of the algorithms is carried out by making changes in the radiation. The analysis of the simulations and the comparison between the two DET and MPPT systems are made, evidencing their correct performance.
{"title":"Evaluation of maximum power point tracking algorithms for small satellites","authors":"D. Escobar-Quiroga, S. Cuéllar-Carrillo, J. Gonzalez-Llorente","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981669","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the limited availability of energy quantity, the restrictions imposed on its dimensions, capacities and available surface area for the use of solar panels, the need to reach the maximum efficiency in the conversion of energy to supply a satellite is found. This is why the direct energy transfer (DET) and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are carried out. These algorithms are characterized by being simple, fast and efficient. A DC-DC buck converter is used as interface between the load and the solar panel to observe its behavior. In SaberRD software, the design and simulation of the algorithms is carried out by making changes in the radiation. The analysis of the simulations and the comparison between the two DET and MPPT systems are made, evidencing their correct performance.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123591278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981668
S. Cuéllar-Carrillo, D. Escobar-Quiroga, J. Gonzalez-Llorente
A description of control scheme for buck converters using de natural switching surface (NSS) is presented in this paper. The derivation of de switching Surface is performed in the normalized domain to obtain a general geometrical representation that is applicable to any combination of buck converter parameters. The control law, simulation and experimental implementation are performed on a buck converter in order to show the normalization advantages. This controller provides an excellent transient response during start-up and sudden load changes. Finally, the relation between the switching frequency and the general features of the steady state of the converter is studied. Also, an analysis of controller limitations is presented.
{"title":"Limitations of buck converter control implementation using the natural switching surfaces","authors":"S. Cuéllar-Carrillo, D. Escobar-Quiroga, J. Gonzalez-Llorente","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981668","url":null,"abstract":"A description of control scheme for buck converters using de natural switching surface (NSS) is presented in this paper. The derivation of de switching Surface is performed in the normalized domain to obtain a general geometrical representation that is applicable to any combination of buck converter parameters. The control law, simulation and experimental implementation are performed on a buck converter in order to show the normalization advantages. This controller provides an excellent transient response during start-up and sudden load changes. Finally, the relation between the switching frequency and the general features of the steady state of the converter is studied. Also, an analysis of controller limitations is presented.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124611931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981650
M. Ashritha, M. Sudheer
The offline SMPS are efficient, lightweight widely used converters in consumer electronics connected to utility mains. Because of high-frequency switching, they produce conducted and radiated EMI also offering low power factor to the utility mains. The two issues involved in the SMPS are to increase the Power Factor and to mitigate the EMI, to comply with EMC standards. Techniques for reducing the conducted EMI for offline SMPS and NUPF have been developed. A design procedure has been adopted for line filter and it has been tested on commercially available offline SMPS and on NUPF which was designed and fabricated. Experimentation and simulation are carried out with and without EMI line filter for a 30W flyback NUPF and a significant reduction in CM conducted EMI is presented. Advances in computer-aided design software and device models have enabled the simulation of NUPF converter and to obtain accurate waveforms. Simulation result obtained are in close agreement with experimental results.
{"title":"Mitigation of CM conducted EMI IN SMPS","authors":"M. Ashritha, M. Sudheer","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981650","url":null,"abstract":"The offline SMPS are efficient, lightweight widely used converters in consumer electronics connected to utility mains. Because of high-frequency switching, they produce conducted and radiated EMI also offering low power factor to the utility mains. The two issues involved in the SMPS are to increase the Power Factor and to mitigate the EMI, to comply with EMC standards. Techniques for reducing the conducted EMI for offline SMPS and NUPF have been developed. A design procedure has been adopted for line filter and it has been tested on commercially available offline SMPS and on NUPF which was designed and fabricated. Experimentation and simulation are carried out with and without EMI line filter for a 30W flyback NUPF and a significant reduction in CM conducted EMI is presented. Advances in computer-aided design software and device models have enabled the simulation of NUPF converter and to obtain accurate waveforms. Simulation result obtained are in close agreement with experimental results.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116412495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981633
P. P. Machado, T. Abud, M. Fortes, B. Borba
The power factor (PF) levels are established by each country's national standards. In Brazil the lower power factor level allowed is 0.92. In order to monitor this quantity, the present paper uses Arduino to develop a PF metering system. It presents all the necessary theories concerning the calculus of the power factor itself, the programming logic applied to the data acquisition, and the details of the hardware components used in this system. In the end, two tests are conducted so that the meter accuracy can be evaluated. The results are compared with regulated measuring instruments.
{"title":"Power factor metering system using Arduino","authors":"P. P. Machado, T. Abud, M. Fortes, B. Borba","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981633","url":null,"abstract":"The power factor (PF) levels are established by each country's national standards. In Brazil the lower power factor level allowed is 0.92. In order to monitor this quantity, the present paper uses Arduino to develop a PF metering system. It presents all the necessary theories concerning the calculus of the power factor itself, the programming logic applied to the data acquisition, and the details of the hardware components used in this system. In the end, two tests are conducted so that the meter accuracy can be evaluated. The results are compared with regulated measuring instruments.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128133523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981682
Daniel Agudelo-Martinez, A. Pavas
Supraharmonic phenomena related to Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) in single operation are described through this article by means of circuit simulation. Simulations are carried out using a typical CFL circuit without any Power Factor Corrector stage. The corresponding electronic ballast is simulated in LTSpice® using a BJT Half Bridge Resonant Inverter configuration. Supraharmonic phenomena show strong dependence on inverter commutation frequency, EMC filter and rectifier's smoothing filter features. In this way, not only are supraharmonic emissions affected by device's inverter operation, but also by the equivalent impedance seen from its terminals.
{"title":"Simulation of supraharmonics: A Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) in single operation","authors":"Daniel Agudelo-Martinez, A. Pavas","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981682","url":null,"abstract":"Supraharmonic phenomena related to Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) in single operation are described through this article by means of circuit simulation. Simulations are carried out using a typical CFL circuit without any Power Factor Corrector stage. The corresponding electronic ballast is simulated in LTSpice® using a BJT Half Bridge Resonant Inverter configuration. Supraharmonic phenomena show strong dependence on inverter commutation frequency, EMC filter and rectifier's smoothing filter features. In this way, not only are supraharmonic emissions affected by device's inverter operation, but also by the equivalent impedance seen from its terminals.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131412410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981690
Fernando A. Fuentes Suarez, E. Ragaini
IEC61850 is commonly used in substations and in Medium Voltage distribution. Its advantages include interoperability among vendors, data standardization and possibility of computer-assisted protection system design. This paper shows that such advantages can be extended to Low Voltage if circuit breakers with embedded IEC61850 interface are used: an architecture for MV/LV substations based on such a concept is presentedalong with results of tests of relevant IEC61850 features, namely logic selectivity, breaker failure protection and real-time diagnostics.
{"title":"IEC61850-based protection system for MV/LV substations","authors":"Fernando A. Fuentes Suarez, E. Ragaini","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981690","url":null,"abstract":"IEC61850 is commonly used in substations and in Medium Voltage distribution. Its advantages include interoperability among vendors, data standardization and possibility of computer-assisted protection system design. This paper shows that such advantages can be extended to Low Voltage if circuit breakers with embedded IEC61850 interface are used: an architecture for MV/LV substations based on such a concept is presentedalong with results of tests of relevant IEC61850 features, namely logic selectivity, breaker failure protection and real-time diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134379196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981665
Julián Valbuena, Mateo Mancera, A. Pavas
This paper evaluates the impact of three management strategies in the users' reliability of a theoretical microgrid, located in Barranquilla, Colombia. The microgrid consists of a photovoltaic array, a wind park, a storage system and residential, commercial and industry customers. It is used probabilistic databases of solar radiation and wind speed along with demand profiles to simulate a realistic behavior to analyze the effect of demand side management scenarios. After simulating, decreases in outage unavailability and not supplied energy are found with each scenario. In addition, it is determined that demand side management effect does not change with a customers increasing or a changing in microgrid storage capacity. It only depends of demand profile management potential.
{"title":"Reliability improvement in an isolated microgrid considering demand side management","authors":"Julián Valbuena, Mateo Mancera, A. Pavas","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981665","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the impact of three management strategies in the users' reliability of a theoretical microgrid, located in Barranquilla, Colombia. The microgrid consists of a photovoltaic array, a wind park, a storage system and residential, commercial and industry customers. It is used probabilistic databases of solar radiation and wind speed along with demand profiles to simulate a realistic behavior to analyze the effect of demand side management scenarios. After simulating, decreases in outage unavailability and not supplied energy are found with each scenario. In addition, it is determined that demand side management effect does not change with a customers increasing or a changing in microgrid storage capacity. It only depends of demand profile management potential.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133865848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981638
D. Montenegro, M. Bello, B. York, J. Smith
Nowadays, planning studies for distribution power systems require the inclusion of non-conventional loads. These loads refer to devices that converts energy integrating multiple functionalities not included in traditional simulation tools. These technologies are continuously changing and adding new functionalities that need to be tested before being implemented by utilities. However, most available simulation tools cannot respond to the rate of these changes because of either inadequate information on the power system equipment, several release of various versions of power system equipment, and some of these newly developed power system equipment/devices are too specialized; hence difficult to interface with the existing power system, among other issues. This paper presents a methodology for modeling new power system equipment technologies using Open Source Simulation Tools. The simulation tool proposed in this paper is EPRI Open Source Distribution System Simulator OpenDSS. By using OpenDSS, we discuss the implementation of a new energy storage device, which has smart inverter capabilities, and how to model it for a fast implementation in detailed daily simulations. The proposed methodology is a simple co-simulation technique to incorporate recent technologies on an existing distribution system; within existing simulation packages.
{"title":"Customizing controls for DER interconnection analysis using open source simulation tools","authors":"D. Montenegro, M. Bello, B. York, J. Smith","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981638","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, planning studies for distribution power systems require the inclusion of non-conventional loads. These loads refer to devices that converts energy integrating multiple functionalities not included in traditional simulation tools. These technologies are continuously changing and adding new functionalities that need to be tested before being implemented by utilities. However, most available simulation tools cannot respond to the rate of these changes because of either inadequate information on the power system equipment, several release of various versions of power system equipment, and some of these newly developed power system equipment/devices are too specialized; hence difficult to interface with the existing power system, among other issues. This paper presents a methodology for modeling new power system equipment technologies using Open Source Simulation Tools. The simulation tool proposed in this paper is EPRI Open Source Distribution System Simulator OpenDSS. By using OpenDSS, we discuss the implementation of a new energy storage device, which has smart inverter capabilities, and how to model it for a fast implementation in detailed daily simulations. The proposed methodology is a simple co-simulation technique to incorporate recent technologies on an existing distribution system; within existing simulation packages.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131194342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981640
D. Montenegro, J. González, R. Dugan
Quasi-Static-Time-Series (QSTS) simulation is a technique widely used in planning and research to evaluate the power system's behavior in daily, yearly and other time frames. This simulation technique has become increasingly relevant due to the interconnection of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and unconventional loads into the power grid. It models the control actions performed by devices such as voltage regulators, capacitor banks and smart inverters among others, and captures their behavior in time. The EPRI Open source Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS) includes all these features with its control models and its built-in time-based simulation modes. However, depending on the simulation needs users may select different simulation step sizes and control mode when working with QSTS simulations, adding systematic errors if not considered properly. This paper introduces the Multi-Rate control mode recently developed and implemented in OpenDSS. This control mode removes the error added when performing QSTS at different step sizes, keeping the simulation fidelity in accordance to the QSTS parameters set by OpenDSS users.
{"title":"Multi-rate control mode for maintaining fidelity in Quasi-Static-Time-Simulations","authors":"D. Montenegro, J. González, R. Dugan","doi":"10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PEPQA.2017.7981640","url":null,"abstract":"Quasi-Static-Time-Series (QSTS) simulation is a technique widely used in planning and research to evaluate the power system's behavior in daily, yearly and other time frames. This simulation technique has become increasingly relevant due to the interconnection of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and unconventional loads into the power grid. It models the control actions performed by devices such as voltage regulators, capacitor banks and smart inverters among others, and captures their behavior in time. The EPRI Open source Distribution System Simulator (OpenDSS) includes all these features with its control models and its built-in time-based simulation modes. However, depending on the simulation needs users may select different simulation step sizes and control mode when working with QSTS simulations, adding systematic errors if not considered properly. This paper introduces the Multi-Rate control mode recently developed and implemented in OpenDSS. This control mode removes the error added when performing QSTS at different step sizes, keeping the simulation fidelity in accordance to the QSTS parameters set by OpenDSS users.","PeriodicalId":256426,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131108961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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