Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601532
R. Persico, G. Leucci, D. Dei, F. Parrini, M. Pieraccini, L. Matera, M. Ciminale
We present the first application in the field of a reconfigurable stepped frequency system. The system has been designed in collaboration between the Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage IBAM-CNR Lecce the Department of. Electronics and Telecommuncations of the University of Florence and the Company Ingegneria dei Sistemi IDS S.p.A., Pisa. We show some results achieved in the chapel of the ex hospital of the Holy Spirit in Lecce and we compare them with the results obtained by using a commercial pulsed GPR system.
我们提出了在可重构阶跃频率系统领域的第一个应用。该系统是在考古和纪念性遗产研究所IBAM-CNR莱切系的合作下设计的。佛罗伦萨大学的电子和电信以及比萨的Ingegneria dei Sistemi公司。我们展示了在莱切前圣灵医院的小教堂取得的一些结果，并将它们与使用商业脉冲GPR系统获得的结果进行了比较。
{"title":"Applications of a reconfigurable stepped frequency GPR in the chapel of the Holy Spirit, Lecce (Italy)","authors":"R. Persico, G. Leucci, D. Dei, F. Parrini, M. Pieraccini, L. Matera, M. Ciminale","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601532","url":null,"abstract":"We present the first application in the field of a reconfigurable stepped frequency system. The system has been designed in collaboration between the Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage IBAM-CNR Lecce the Department of. Electronics and Telecommuncations of the University of Florence and the Company Ingegneria dei Sistemi IDS S.p.A., Pisa. We show some results achieved in the chapel of the ex hospital of the Holy Spirit in Lecce and we compare them with the results obtained by using a commercial pulsed GPR system.","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115874791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601508
N. Diamanti, P. Annan, D. Redman
In this paper we examine the transient electromagnetic field variation around dipole antennas placed on the surface of a half-space. To achieve this we employ three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) numerical modelling. We have previously shown how antenna height, shielding and ground properties impact the directionality and energy flow. Here, we report how the transient fields around a dipole change their amplitude, shape and frequency content. Further, we demonstrate how the aforementioned attributes change as we move away from the source.
{"title":"Quantifying GPR transient waveforms in the intermediate zone","authors":"N. Diamanti, P. Annan, D. Redman","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601508","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we examine the transient electromagnetic field variation around dipole antennas placed on the surface of a half-space. To achieve this we employ three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) numerical modelling. We have previously shown how antenna height, shielding and ground properties impact the directionality and energy flow. Here, we report how the transient fields around a dipole change their amplitude, shape and frequency content. Further, we demonstrate how the aforementioned attributes change as we move away from the source.","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121744823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601507
D. J. Daniels, Erika Utsi
The physics and technology of ground penetrating radar [GPR] and its ability to detect buried targets are well understood and proven even though the underlying physics and engineering are not simple. Its performance can be predicted with some accuracy given information on the characteristics of the soil and target. Where new developments in GPR can demonstrate proven outcomes within a framework of statistically based evidence and procedures, as well as known science and engineering methodology, then prospective end users can be confident in their use. However, some performance claims that need very careful scrutiny are proposed by certain operators. These claims are usually quickly discounted by the well informed, but appear plausible to the less knowledgeable and it is the aim of this paper to help end-users ask the right questions. The promise of “new” scientific breakthroughs, even where these remain unproven using the normal scientific procedures and in some cases transcend known physics, can mislead those unfamiliar with the proven science and technology underlying GPR. This paper very briefly reviews the fundamental physics of ground penetrating radar and methods of establishing whether or not it will accomplish a given goal. Several examples of claims regarding ground penetrating radar are described as well as the criteria against which new techniques are normally assessed. The paper concludes with a simple check list that could be applied by those about to consider the acquisition or use of ground penetrating services or equipment.
{"title":"GPR case histories and known physical principles","authors":"D. J. Daniels, Erika Utsi","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601507","url":null,"abstract":"The physics and technology of ground penetrating radar [GPR] and its ability to detect buried targets are well understood and proven even though the underlying physics and engineering are not simple. Its performance can be predicted with some accuracy given information on the characteristics of the soil and target. Where new developments in GPR can demonstrate proven outcomes within a framework of statistically based evidence and procedures, as well as known science and engineering methodology, then prospective end users can be confident in their use. However, some performance claims that need very careful scrutiny are proposed by certain operators. These claims are usually quickly discounted by the well informed, but appear plausible to the less knowledgeable and it is the aim of this paper to help end-users ask the right questions. The promise of “new” scientific breakthroughs, even where these remain unproven using the normal scientific procedures and in some cases transcend known physics, can mislead those unfamiliar with the proven science and technology underlying GPR. This paper very briefly reviews the fundamental physics of ground penetrating radar and methods of establishing whether or not it will accomplish a given goal. Several examples of claims regarding ground penetrating radar are described as well as the criteria against which new techniques are normally assessed. The paper concludes with a simple check list that could be applied by those about to consider the acquisition or use of ground penetrating services or equipment.","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122624208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601520
S. Lambot, A. Tran, F. André
We p resent an intrinsic way for modeling radar antennas operating in near-field conditions for wave propagation in planar layered media. Fundamental antenna features consist of an equivalent set of infinitesimal electric dipoles, field points and associated global reflection and transmission coefficient functions. These antenna characteristic functions permit to describe wave propagation between the radar reference plane and the equivalent source dipoles and field points. Near-field antenna-medium coupling is inherently accounted for and the antenna characteristics do not depend on the medium. We show an example of application in which the dielectric permittivity of a sand subject to a range of water contents is estimated from measurements collected with a vector network analyzer connected to a Vivaldi antenna. A very close agreement between the measurements and the model was obtained and the retrieved permittivities were very well consistent with the corresponding water contents. The proposed method shows great promise for digital soil mapping using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and non-destructive testing of materials.
{"title":"Intrinsic modeling of radar antennas: From far-field to near-field conditions","authors":"S. Lambot, A. Tran, F. André","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601520","url":null,"abstract":"We p resent an intrinsic way for modeling radar antennas operating in near-field conditions for wave propagation in planar layered media. Fundamental antenna features consist of an equivalent set of infinitesimal electric dipoles, field points and associated global reflection and transmission coefficient functions. These antenna characteristic functions permit to describe wave propagation between the radar reference plane and the equivalent source dipoles and field points. Near-field antenna-medium coupling is inherently accounted for and the antenna characteristics do not depend on the medium. We show an example of application in which the dielectric permittivity of a sand subject to a range of water contents is estimated from measurements collected with a vector network analyzer connected to a Vivaldi antenna. A very close agreement between the measurements and the model was obtained and the retrieved permittivities were very well consistent with the corresponding water contents. The proposed method shows great promise for digital soil mapping using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and non-destructive testing of materials.","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129083972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601522
M. R. Mahmoudzadeh, J. Got, S. Lambot, C. Grégoire
Inspecting how robustly and safely the roads are built in order to develop better methods for both design and quality control of materials is an important task in road engineering. In this research we studied the potential of full-wave model of Lambot et al. 2004 for far-field ground-penetrating radar (GPR) configuration in order to retrieve the physical and electromagnetic properties of the road, including both asphalt and subbase layers. Two different GPR systems, namely, stepped frequency GPR and impulse GPR systems were used to collect data along a 50 m long transect. Accurate positioning was performed using a dGPS and a survey wheel. Both GPR data sets were processed using GPR full-wave inversion in the time domain focusing on the asphalt and subbase reflections. Comparison of the results from both GPR systems showed a good agreement between them. In addition, results showed that a compacted zone on the road leads to a compaction feature influenced the retrieved road parameters. The proposed radar data processing method demonstrated a strong potential of the GPR full-wave model to be used for quantitative road inspection.
{"title":"Road inspection using full-wave inversion of far-field ground-penetrating radar data","authors":"M. R. Mahmoudzadeh, J. Got, S. Lambot, C. Grégoire","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601522","url":null,"abstract":"Inspecting how robustly and safely the roads are built in order to develop better methods for both design and quality control of materials is an important task in road engineering. In this research we studied the potential of full-wave model of Lambot et al. 2004 for far-field ground-penetrating radar (GPR) configuration in order to retrieve the physical and electromagnetic properties of the road, including both asphalt and subbase layers. Two different GPR systems, namely, stepped frequency GPR and impulse GPR systems were used to collect data along a 50 m long transect. Accurate positioning was performed using a dGPS and a survey wheel. Both GPR data sets were processed using GPR full-wave inversion in the time domain focusing on the asphalt and subbase reflections. Comparison of the results from both GPR systems showed a good agreement between them. In addition, results showed that a compacted zone on the road leads to a compaction feature influenced the retrieved road parameters. The proposed radar data processing method demonstrated a strong potential of the GPR full-wave model to be used for quantitative road inspection.","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125872228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601541
V. Utsi
This paper presents some measurements and conclusions from a very high frequency impulse GPR. With a frequency range from 2 to 8GHz, sub millimeter resolution is obtained. Typical applications are surface height measurements, delamination detection and thin layer pavement measurements.
{"title":"Sub millimeter resolution GPR","authors":"V. Utsi","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601541","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents some measurements and conclusions from a very high frequency impulse GPR. With a frequency range from 2 to 8GHz, sub millimeter resolution is obtained. Typical applications are surface height measurements, delamination detection and thin layer pavement measurements.","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116514870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601542
G. Villain, R. du Plooy, A. Ihamouten, S. Palma-Lopes, B. Thauvin, Xavier Dérobert
This paper deals with the use of electromagnetic nondestructive in-situ techniques to assess concrete condition. It shows the potential of these methods to monitor the ingress of water and chlorides into cover concrete. The electromagnetic properties that are studied here are electrical resistivity and dielectric permittivity, both sensitive to volumetric water content and chloride content. Results from an experimental study conducted on concrete slabs (and corresponding core cylinders) in a controlled laboratory environment are presented. Then, the discussion is focused on the ability of three EM techniques to assess the depth of the ingress front of the different salt solutions and discern between their salt concentrations (0, 15 and 30 g/L).
{"title":"Use of electromagnetic non-destructive techniques for monitoring the chloride ingress into concrete","authors":"G. Villain, R. du Plooy, A. Ihamouten, S. Palma-Lopes, B. Thauvin, Xavier Dérobert","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601542","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the use of electromagnetic nondestructive in-situ techniques to assess concrete condition. It shows the potential of these methods to monitor the ingress of water and chlorides into cover concrete. The electromagnetic properties that are studied here are electrical resistivity and dielectric permittivity, both sensitive to volumetric water content and chloride content. Results from an experimental study conducted on concrete slabs (and corresponding core cylinders) in a controlled laboratory environment are presented. Then, the discussion is focused on the ability of three EM techniques to assess the depth of the ingress front of the different salt solutions and discern between their salt concentrations (0, 15 and 30 g/L).","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121102900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601524
L. Mertens, A. Tran, S. Lambot
Physically-based filtering of antenna effects in far-field conditions, including antenna-ground interactions, can be performed using intrinsic antenna modeling based on antenna global reflection and transmission coefficients. This has been in particular validated for frequency domain radars for quantitative reconstruction of layered media using full-wave inversion and improved subsurface imaging. In this paper, we further extend the concept to time domain radars for which the source is not separated from the antenna characteristics. Then, we provide insights on the application of the method to near-field conditions. Radar measurements were performed with the antenna at different heights over a perfect electrical conductor (PEC) and on a sandy soil with buried targets. For the PEC measurements, far-field filtering performed very well and also provided relatively good results in near-field conditions, except for the shortest range. Far-field measurements for the sand also provided good results, although the antenna transfer functions had to be corrected to account for the varying time domain radar source (drift). The radar image was not improved for the on-ground radar configuration. Future research will focus on near-field filtering of antenna effects using a recent generalization of the far-field model to near-field conditions.
{"title":"Towards physically-based filtering of the soil surface, antenna and coupling effects from near-field GPR data for improved subsurface imaging","authors":"L. Mertens, A. Tran, S. Lambot","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601524","url":null,"abstract":"Physically-based filtering of antenna effects in far-field conditions, including antenna-ground interactions, can be performed using intrinsic antenna modeling based on antenna global reflection and transmission coefficients. This has been in particular validated for frequency domain radars for quantitative reconstruction of layered media using full-wave inversion and improved subsurface imaging. In this paper, we further extend the concept to time domain radars for which the source is not separated from the antenna characteristics. Then, we provide insights on the application of the method to near-field conditions. Radar measurements were performed with the antenna at different heights over a perfect electrical conductor (PEC) and on a sandy soil with buried targets. For the PEC measurements, far-field filtering performed very well and also provided relatively good results in near-field conditions, except for the shortest range. Far-field measurements for the sand also provided good results, although the antenna transfer functions had to be corrected to account for the varying time domain radar source (drift). The radar image was not improved for the on-ground radar configuration. Future research will focus on near-field filtering of antenna effects using a recent generalization of the far-field model to near-field conditions.","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114579092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601505
I. Catapano, A. Affinito, L. Crocco, G. Gennarelli, F. Soldovieri
This work is concerned with the 3-D imaging problem of buried objects via enhanced microwave tomography ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys. In particular, we propose a model based imaging approach, which exploits the Born approximation and accounts for the vectorial nature of the scattering phenomenon as well as for the presence of the air-soil interface. Moreover, a truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) inversion scheme is applied to achieve stable and accurate results. The advantages offered by a full 3-D inversion algorithm with respect to the commonly adopted strategy, which produces 3-D images by interpolating 2-D reconstructions, are assessed against experimental data gathered in laboratory controlled conditions.
{"title":"Full 3-D electromagnetic subsurface imaging using ground penetrating radar","authors":"I. Catapano, A. Affinito, L. Crocco, G. Gennarelli, F. Soldovieri","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601505","url":null,"abstract":"This work is concerned with the 3-D imaging problem of buried objects via enhanced microwave tomography ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys. In particular, we propose a model based imaging approach, which exploits the Born approximation and accounts for the vectorial nature of the scattering phenomenon as well as for the presence of the air-soil interface. Moreover, a truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) inversion scheme is applied to achieve stable and accurate results. The advantages offered by a full 3-D inversion algorithm with respect to the commonly adopted strategy, which produces 3-D images by interpolating 2-D reconstructions, are assessed against experimental data gathered in laboratory controlled conditions.","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134383534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-07-02DOI: 10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601540
A. S. Turk, A. K. Keskin, Mustafa Dagcan Senturk, A. Magat, M. Ozakin, S. Aksoy
This paper presents ultra-wide band (UWB) TEM horn antennas and TEM horn-fed parabolic reflector designs., which are suitable for down-looking and forward-looking vehicle-mounted impulse GPR systems., respectively. On this scope., partial dielectric loaded., Vivaldi form and array configurations of the TEM horn structure are investigated., designed., simulated and measured. Vivaldi shaped TEM horn-fed parabolic reflector antenna prototype is proposed to reach hyper-wide band impulse radiation performances from 300 MHz up to 15 GHz for multi-band GPR operation that can provide both deep and high resolution imaging. The gain and input reflection performances are demonstrated with measurement results.
{"title":"Ultra wide band TEM horn and reflector antenna designs for down and forward looking ground penetrating radars","authors":"A. S. Turk, A. K. Keskin, Mustafa Dagcan Senturk, A. Magat, M. Ozakin, S. Aksoy","doi":"10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAGPR.2013.6601540","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents ultra-wide band (UWB) TEM horn antennas and TEM horn-fed parabolic reflector designs., which are suitable for down-looking and forward-looking vehicle-mounted impulse GPR systems., respectively. On this scope., partial dielectric loaded., Vivaldi form and array configurations of the TEM horn structure are investigated., designed., simulated and measured. Vivaldi shaped TEM horn-fed parabolic reflector antenna prototype is proposed to reach hyper-wide band impulse radiation performances from 300 MHz up to 15 GHz for multi-band GPR operation that can provide both deep and high resolution imaging. The gain and input reflection performances are demonstrated with measurement results.","PeriodicalId":257117,"journal":{"name":"2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127870078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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