Ismi Abidi, S. Gaddam, Saswat Kumar Pujari, C. Degwekar, Rijurekha Sen
Developing countries are home to the most polluted cities in the world. Particulate Matter (PM), one of the most serious air pollutants, needs to be measured at scale across urban areas in such countries. Factors potentially affecting PM like road traffic, green cover, industrial emissions etc., also need to be quantified, to enable fine-grained correlation analyses among PM and its causes. This paper presents an IoT platform with multiple sensors, latest deep neural network based edge-computing, local storage and communication support – to measure PM and its associated factors. Through real world deployments, the first in depth empirical analysis of a government enforced traffic control policy for pollution control, is presented as a use case of our IoT platform. We demonstrate the potential of IoT and edge computing in urban sustainability questions in this paper, especially in a developing region context. At the same time, we show how complex a real system like Particulate Matter’s factor analyses can be, and urge environmentalists to use sensors networks and fine-grained empirical datasets as ours in future, for more nuanced and data-driven policy discussions.
{"title":"Complexity of Factor Analysis for Particulate Matter (PM) Data: A Measurement Based Case Study in Delhi-NCR","authors":"Ismi Abidi, S. Gaddam, Saswat Kumar Pujari, C. Degwekar, Rijurekha Sen","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534808","url":null,"abstract":"Developing countries are home to the most polluted cities in the world. Particulate Matter (PM), one of the most serious air pollutants, needs to be measured at scale across urban areas in such countries. Factors potentially affecting PM like road traffic, green cover, industrial emissions etc., also need to be quantified, to enable fine-grained correlation analyses among PM and its causes. This paper presents an IoT platform with multiple sensors, latest deep neural network based edge-computing, local storage and communication support – to measure PM and its associated factors. Through real world deployments, the first in depth empirical analysis of a government enforced traffic control policy for pollution control, is presented as a use case of our IoT platform. We demonstrate the potential of IoT and edge computing in urban sustainability questions in this paper, especially in a developing region context. At the same time, we show how complex a real system like Particulate Matter’s factor analyses can be, and urge environmentalists to use sensors networks and fine-grained empirical datasets as ours in future, for more nuanced and data-driven policy discussions.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114794368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Online learning is playing a significant role, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we perform an interview study through in-depth interviews with 22 high school students of a developing country (Bangladesh) to find out about their experience and practices with online learning during the pandemic. Our findings reveal several usage strategies, challenges of the conventional usage of online learning, workarounds students adopt to address those challenges. Through the adaptability lens, we find that many students are adapting to online learning despite being in favor of it.
{"title":"Note: Learn Online: High School Students’ Adoption of Online Learning in Bangladesh during COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Rudaiba Adnin, Sadia Afroz, Sadia Sharmin","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534839","url":null,"abstract":"Online learning is playing a significant role, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we perform an interview study through in-depth interviews with 22 high school students of a developing country (Bangladesh) to find out about their experience and practices with online learning during the pandemic. Our findings reveal several usage strategies, challenges of the conventional usage of online learning, workarounds students adopt to address those challenges. Through the adaptability lens, we find that many students are adapting to online learning despite being in favor of it.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127642102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andy Spezzatti, E. Kheradmand, K. Gupta, Marie Peras, Roxaneh Zaminpeyma
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the framework adopted by the global community to encourage taking actions on the multiple challenges facing the world today to ensure environmental protection, health and well-being, and economic prosperity. This framework provides a detailed list of indicators that are interconnected and cover a holistic view on sustainable development. The goals were defined by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 and expected to be achieved by 2030. Since the release of this agenda, the research community has begun to intensify work in these areas, yet these efforts seem to be relatively limited. This is especially true about the employment of data and artificial intelligence (AI), which are not widely engaged in SDGs related topics. The AI-based research on SDGs and further developments depends heavily on the availability and accessibility of related real-world data collected by the community. However, there is no central, structured, and holistic database of datasets and metadata associated with the SDGs, which prevents large-scale collaboration on these topics. In this paper, we present the SDG Data Catalog, a global open-source database indexing SDG-related datasets, associated metadata, and research networks. We describe the construction of this catalog, which relies on state-of-the-art natural language processing models with human supervision. The catalog breaks down data silos and helps sustainability researchers navigate the data sea to initiate effective collaborations.
{"title":"Note: Leveraging Artificial Intelligence to build a Data Catalog and support research on the Sustainable Development Goals","authors":"Andy Spezzatti, E. Kheradmand, K. Gupta, Marie Peras, Roxaneh Zaminpeyma","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534829","url":null,"abstract":"The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the framework adopted by the global community to encourage taking actions on the multiple challenges facing the world today to ensure environmental protection, health and well-being, and economic prosperity. This framework provides a detailed list of indicators that are interconnected and cover a holistic view on sustainable development. The goals were defined by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 and expected to be achieved by 2030. Since the release of this agenda, the research community has begun to intensify work in these areas, yet these efforts seem to be relatively limited. This is especially true about the employment of data and artificial intelligence (AI), which are not widely engaged in SDGs related topics. The AI-based research on SDGs and further developments depends heavily on the availability and accessibility of related real-world data collected by the community. However, there is no central, structured, and holistic database of datasets and metadata associated with the SDGs, which prevents large-scale collaboration on these topics. In this paper, we present the SDG Data Catalog, a global open-source database indexing SDG-related datasets, associated metadata, and research networks. We describe the construction of this catalog, which relies on state-of-the-art natural language processing models with human supervision. The catalog breaks down data silos and helps sustainability researchers navigate the data sea to initiate effective collaborations.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126450215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Women’s safety in public spaces has become a prime concern in India. Much of the academic and non-academic efforts have focused on developing technology-mediated solutions such as mobile apps and helplines for combating harassment experiences. However, there is an acute understanding of women’s perceptions and desires around these technological solutions. In this work, we investigate women’s perceptions around technological interventions dedicated to safety, the nature of support they seek from technology, and the characteristics they desire technology to embody to offer support. We draw on interviews with women across urban areas of India, demonstrating how they currently navigate unsafe experiences and also unpack their desires around technological solutions encompassing precautionary, reactionary, and healing support for navigating public spaces in the future. Finally, we conclude with implications focusing on the need for embedded technological solutions and going beyond victim-centric approaches to design technology for safety.
{"title":"Understanding the Role of Technology-mediated Solutions for Women’s Safety in Urban India","authors":"Jasmeet Kaur, Meghna Gupta, Pushpendra Singh","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534843","url":null,"abstract":"Women’s safety in public spaces has become a prime concern in India. Much of the academic and non-academic efforts have focused on developing technology-mediated solutions such as mobile apps and helplines for combating harassment experiences. However, there is an acute understanding of women’s perceptions and desires around these technological solutions. In this work, we investigate women’s perceptions around technological interventions dedicated to safety, the nature of support they seek from technology, and the characteristics they desire technology to embody to offer support. We draw on interviews with women across urban areas of India, demonstrating how they currently navigate unsafe experiences and also unpack their desires around technological solutions encompassing precautionary, reactionary, and healing support for navigating public spaces in the future. Finally, we conclude with implications focusing on the need for embedded technological solutions and going beyond victim-centric approaches to design technology for safety.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121342445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ICTD authors often publish papers while their projects are still in progress. While valuable, this means that past conferences are full of projects with loose ends. In trying to learn from past research, we are missing much of the context—what happens after publication—despite it being necessary to fully understand a project’s results. From the 15 full papers at ACM DEV 2016, we consider 11 projects that developed digital technologies. Of those, we conducted interviews with authors of 6 of the projects. This novel approach to systematic analysis of the literature adds data unavailable via a traditional literature review. With this, we learn the full trajectories of these projects, including what came after publication, and aggregate learnings from author reflections. This forms what we call a project lifecycle review: we look at both the pre-publication and post-publication lifecycles of ICTD projects in order to understand their end-results and how they got there.
ICTD的作者经常在他们的项目还在进行的时候发表论文。虽然很有价值，但这意味着过去的会议充满了未完成的项目。在试图从过去的研究中学习的过程中，我们忽略了很多内容——发表后会发生什么——尽管完全理解一个项目的结果是必要的。从ACM DEV 2016的15篇论文全文中，我们考虑了11个开发数字技术的项目。其中，我们采访了6个项目的作者。这种对文献进行系统分析的新方法增加了通过传统文献综述无法获得的数据。这样，我们就可以了解这些项目的全部轨迹，包括出版后的情况，以及作者反思的汇总信息。这就形成了我们所说的项目生命周期审查:我们观察ICTD项目的发布前和发布后的生命周期，以便了解它们的最终结果以及它们是如何到达那里的。
{"title":"6 Years Later: Examining Long-term Project Outcomes","authors":"Elijah Greisz, P. Garrison","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534825","url":null,"abstract":"ICTD authors often publish papers while their projects are still in progress. While valuable, this means that past conferences are full of projects with loose ends. In trying to learn from past research, we are missing much of the context—what happens after publication—despite it being necessary to fully understand a project’s results. From the 15 full papers at ACM DEV 2016, we consider 11 projects that developed digital technologies. Of those, we conducted interviews with authors of 6 of the projects. This novel approach to systematic analysis of the literature adds data unavailable via a traditional literature review. With this, we learn the full trajectories of these projects, including what came after publication, and aggregate learnings from author reflections. This forms what we call a project lifecycle review: we look at both the pre-publication and post-publication lifecycles of ICTD projects in order to understand their end-results and how they got there.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131101133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arshia Arya, Saloni Dash, Syeda Zainab Akbar, J. Pal, Anirban Sen
Propagation of misinformation on various social media platforms is a common occurrence, especially around political events, religious beliefs, and public health. Fact checked articles, which investigate the credibility of dubious claims online, provide a reliable source of debunked misinformation. However, existing (older) fact checked articles remain an underutilized resource for understanding patterns in fake stories. We propose the use of Question Answering (QA) for analysing fact checked articles for systematically extracting metadata, potentially useful for downstream tasks such as misinformation detection, using a range of simple to nuanced questions. We find that the method gives us a context-specific understanding of common patterns and themes in misinformation, which is especially important in the Global South, where misinformation is layered with propagandist underpinning. Our findings suggest that this method can be extended by fine tuning on any event specific data set of fact checked articles to yield more robust and accurate results.
{"title":"Poster: Leveraging Question Answering to Understand Context Specific Patterns in Fact Checked Articles in the Global South","authors":"Arshia Arya, Saloni Dash, Syeda Zainab Akbar, J. Pal, Anirban Sen","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534838","url":null,"abstract":"Propagation of misinformation on various social media platforms is a common occurrence, especially around political events, religious beliefs, and public health. Fact checked articles, which investigate the credibility of dubious claims online, provide a reliable source of debunked misinformation. However, existing (older) fact checked articles remain an underutilized resource for understanding patterns in fake stories. We propose the use of Question Answering (QA) for analysing fact checked articles for systematically extracting metadata, potentially useful for downstream tasks such as misinformation detection, using a range of simple to nuanced questions. We find that the method gives us a context-specific understanding of common patterns and themes in misinformation, which is especially important in the Global South, where misinformation is layered with propagandist underpinning. Our findings suggest that this method can be extended by fine tuning on any event specific data set of fact checked articles to yield more robust and accurate results.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125992148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Connie K. W. Liu, Kassie Wang, Miyuki Goay, Sofia (Hee Won) Yoon
Our project examines the relationship between the gender digital divide and associated ICT solutions, specifically in Ghana, South Africa, and India. Through literature review and interviews with organizations that develop ICT solutions, we then present a framework for current and future ICT implementations to effectively address and acknowledge the gender digital divide.
{"title":"Note: Examining the Gender Digital Divide in ICT: A Closer Look at Ghana, South Africa, and India","authors":"Connie K. W. Liu, Kassie Wang, Miyuki Goay, Sofia (Hee Won) Yoon","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534832","url":null,"abstract":"Our project examines the relationship between the gender digital divide and associated ICT solutions, specifically in Ghana, South Africa, and India. Through literature review and interviews with organizations that develop ICT solutions, we then present a framework for current and future ICT implementations to effectively address and acknowledge the gender digital divide.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121041069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: The mass media plays an important role in democratic societies to impose checks and balances on the functioning of various institutions of the state, and in shaping public opinion by informing people about the performance of these institutions. The agenda of the mass media can however be influenced by the government in power, especially if the media is dependent on the government for funding, or the government is powerful and can compromise the safety of media personnel. In this paper, we carefully examine the interactions between three factors: the performance in India of a social welfare scheme on rural employment guarantee (obtained from official records), the volume and sentiment of coverage of these factors in the mass media (obtained through an analysis of news articles of six English national newspapers), and the political alignment between the state governments in different states with the central government (obtained from election data). We construct a time series of these three datasets from 2014 to 2021, and show (a) how various performance factors of the welfare scheme are treated differently by the media in different states based on whether they are aligned or non-aligned with the Central government, and (b) whether coverage in the media is able to influence the performance of the welfare scheme. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to examine the interplay between media bias, government performance, and government influence, and helps uncover the complexities and nuances of these relationships.
{"title":"Role of the Mass Media in Monitoring and Influencing the Performance of Social Welfare Schemes in India","authors":"Ashima Mittal, Sahil Dahake, Tanmay Patel, Utsav Deep, Diwakar Prajapati, Akshay Gupta, Vivek Singh, Aadish Jain, Aaditeshwar Seth","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534826","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The mass media plays an important role in democratic societies to impose checks and balances on the functioning of various institutions of the state, and in shaping public opinion by informing people about the performance of these institutions. The agenda of the mass media can however be influenced by the government in power, especially if the media is dependent on the government for funding, or the government is powerful and can compromise the safety of media personnel. In this paper, we carefully examine the interactions between three factors: the performance in India of a social welfare scheme on rural employment guarantee (obtained from official records), the volume and sentiment of coverage of these factors in the mass media (obtained through an analysis of news articles of six English national newspapers), and the political alignment between the state governments in different states with the central government (obtained from election data). We construct a time series of these three datasets from 2014 to 2021, and show (a) how various performance factors of the welfare scheme are treated differently by the media in different states based on whether they are aligned or non-aligned with the Central government, and (b) whether coverage in the media is able to influence the performance of the welfare scheme. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to examine the interplay between media bias, government performance, and government influence, and helps uncover the complexities and nuances of these relationships.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128728957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Singh, Jivitesh Jain, Lalitha Kameswari, P. Kumaraguru, J. Pal
With Twitter growing as a preferred channel for outreach among major politicians, there have been focused efforts on online communication, even in election campaigns in primarily rural regions. In this paper, we examine the relationship between politicians’ use of social media and the level of urbanization and literacy by compiling a comprehensive list of Twitter handles of political party functionaries and election candidates in the run-up to the 2022 State Assembly elections in Uttar Pradesh, India. We find statistically significant relationships between political Twitter presence and levels of urbanization and with levels of literacy. We also find a strong correlation between vote share and Twitter presence in the winning party, a relationship that is even stronger in urban districts. This provides empirical evidence that social media is already a central part of electoral outreach processes in the Global South, but that this is still selectively more relevant to voters in, and politicians standing for elections from urban and higher-educated regions.
{"title":"Note: Urbanization and Literacy as factors in Politicians’ Social Media Use in a largely Rural State: Evidence from Uttar Pradesh, India","authors":"A. Singh, Jivitesh Jain, Lalitha Kameswari, P. Kumaraguru, J. Pal","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534845","url":null,"abstract":"With Twitter growing as a preferred channel for outreach among major politicians, there have been focused efforts on online communication, even in election campaigns in primarily rural regions. In this paper, we examine the relationship between politicians’ use of social media and the level of urbanization and literacy by compiling a comprehensive list of Twitter handles of political party functionaries and election candidates in the run-up to the 2022 State Assembly elections in Uttar Pradesh, India. We find statistically significant relationships between political Twitter presence and levels of urbanization and with levels of literacy. We also find a strong correlation between vote share and Twitter presence in the winning party, a relationship that is even stronger in urban districts. This provides empirical evidence that social media is already a central part of electoral outreach processes in the Global South, but that this is still selectively more relevant to voters in, and politicians standing for elections from urban and higher-educated regions.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"333 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115265942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harshita Diddee, Kalika Bali, M. Choudhury, Namrata Mukhija
Deployment of speech and language technology for social good (LT4SG), especially those targeted at the welfare of marginalized communities and speakers of low-resource and under-served languages, has been a prominent theme of research within NLP, Speech and the AI communities. Many researchers, especially those working in core NLP/Speech domains, rely on a combination of individual expertise, experiences or ad hoc surveys for prioritizing between language technologies that provide social good to the end-users. This has been criticized by several scholars who argue that it is critical to include the target community during the LT’s design and development process. However, prioritization of communities, languages, technologies and design approaches presents a very large set of complex challenges to the technologists, for which there are no simple or off-the-shelf solutions. In this position paper, we distill our experiential insights into six fundamental conundrums that technologists face and must resolve while deciding which LT technology to build for which community, and by using what approach. We discuss that at the root of these conundrums lie certain fundamental ethical problems of a digital-divide that can be overcome only by resolving deeper ethical dilemmas of distributive justice. We urge the community to reflect on these conundrums and leverage shared experiential insights to reconcile the intent of broadly, any Technology for Social Good, with the ground realities of its deployment.
{"title":"The Six Conundrums of Building and Deploying Language Technologies for Social Good","authors":"Harshita Diddee, Kalika Bali, M. Choudhury, Namrata Mukhija","doi":"10.1145/3530190.3534792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3530190.3534792","url":null,"abstract":"Deployment of speech and language technology for social good (LT4SG), especially those targeted at the welfare of marginalized communities and speakers of low-resource and under-served languages, has been a prominent theme of research within NLP, Speech and the AI communities. Many researchers, especially those working in core NLP/Speech domains, rely on a combination of individual expertise, experiences or ad hoc surveys for prioritizing between language technologies that provide social good to the end-users. This has been criticized by several scholars who argue that it is critical to include the target community during the LT’s design and development process. However, prioritization of communities, languages, technologies and design approaches presents a very large set of complex challenges to the technologists, for which there are no simple or off-the-shelf solutions. In this position paper, we distill our experiential insights into six fundamental conundrums that technologists face and must resolve while deciding which LT technology to build for which community, and by using what approach. We discuss that at the root of these conundrums lie certain fundamental ethical problems of a digital-divide that can be overcome only by resolving deeper ethical dilemmas of distributive justice. We urge the community to reflect on these conundrums and leverage shared experiential insights to reconcile the intent of broadly, any Technology for Social Good, with the ground realities of its deployment.","PeriodicalId":257424,"journal":{"name":"ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies (COMPASS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123362031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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