Purpose: Ocular neoplasms, both primary and metastatic, may present with visual disturbance or vision loss and often are asymptomatic. Clinical examination may demonstrate leukocoria, abnormal pupillary light reflex, or a mass lesion with or without retinal detachment or hemorrhage. Retinoblastoma in children and uveal melanoma and ocular metastases in adults are the most important ocular malignant neoplasms referred for imaging to aid with diagnosis and staging. Familiarity with their common imaging appearances, the common patterns of spread, and the diagnostic findings of greatest concern to the optometrist or ocular oncologist will enhance accuracy of imaging interpretation. Methodology: Clinical examination and imaging using B-scan ultrasound, A-scan ultrasound, fluorescein angiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have complementary roles in ocular tumor staging and treatment assessment. Findings: Ocular neoplasm tumors are relatively rare but require unique diagnostic and treatment considerations given the functional importance of the eye and periocular structures and their unique metastatic behavior. In the following paper, a major malignant tumor of the ocular adnexa including the eyelid, conjunctiva and orbit will be reviewed. Frozen section control of the margins and, in selected cases, Mohs microsurgery have decreased the recurrence rate in malignant eyelid tumors. Intraoperative cryotherapy and postoperative topical mitomycin C have similarly contributed to better surgical outcomes in conjunctival malignant tumors including squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Immunotherapy with CD20 antibodies is a developing treatment in Ocular neoplasm lymphomas. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Optometrists by the new advances in clinical optometry training/research, and specialists in occuloplasty/ocularistry form part of the team for a multidisciplinary approach in the clinical management of neoplastic disorders of visual apparatus.
{"title":"Neoplastic Disorders of Visual Apparatus: Advances and Management","authors":"Dania Victor","doi":"10.47604/gjhs.1765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1765","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Ocular neoplasms, both primary and metastatic, may present with visual disturbance or vision loss and often are asymptomatic. Clinical examination may demonstrate leukocoria, abnormal pupillary light reflex, or a mass lesion with or without retinal detachment or hemorrhage. Retinoblastoma in children and uveal melanoma and ocular metastases in adults are the most important ocular malignant neoplasms referred for imaging to aid with diagnosis and staging. Familiarity with their common imaging appearances, the common patterns of spread, and the diagnostic findings of greatest concern to the optometrist or ocular oncologist will enhance accuracy of imaging interpretation. \u0000Methodology: Clinical examination and imaging using B-scan ultrasound, A-scan ultrasound, fluorescein angiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have complementary roles in ocular tumor staging and treatment assessment. \u0000Findings: Ocular neoplasm tumors are relatively rare but require unique diagnostic and treatment considerations given the functional importance of the eye and periocular structures and their unique metastatic behavior. In the following paper, a major malignant tumor of the ocular adnexa including the eyelid, conjunctiva and orbit will be reviewed. Frozen section control of the margins and, in selected cases, Mohs microsurgery have decreased the recurrence rate in malignant eyelid tumors. Intraoperative cryotherapy and postoperative topical mitomycin C have similarly contributed to better surgical outcomes in conjunctival malignant tumors including squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Immunotherapy with CD20 antibodies is a developing treatment in Ocular neoplasm lymphomas. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Optometrists by the new advances in clinical optometry training/research, and specialists in occuloplasty/ocularistry form part of the team for a multidisciplinary approach in the clinical management of neoplastic disorders of visual apparatus.","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133384281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The liver is largest metabolic organ involved in detoxification and synthesis of essential biomolecules in the human body. Liver damage occurs due to chronic alcohol abuse, viral infections (Hepatitis A, B, C) medicines, poor hygiene, smoking, dietary substances, chemicals (Carbon tetra chloride, thioacetamide, acetaminophen, D-Galactosamine) or herb induced hepatotoxicity. The liver filters all the blood from the digestive tract, before passing it to the rest of the body to avoid the entry of toxins in the other body system and prevent severe consequences. Hepatic insufficiency may increase plasma total cholesterol and triacylglycerols with high risk of atheroscelerosis and cardiovascular disease. Free radical formation in the alcohol use result in development of hepatitis leading to cirrhosis. Plants have been used to protect liver injury by various chemicals. Methodology: In this study we reviewed some popular herbal plants having hepatoprotective potential. Findings: Polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids are natural antioxidants and the consumption of foods that contain these compounds in large quantities seems to play an important role in prophylaxis against many diseases. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Herbal drugs are safe and have potential to cure hepatotoxicity. In India many plants have been identified as hepatoprotective drugs and used to treat liver disorders.
{"title":"Protective Role of Herbal Plants in Hepatotoxicity","authors":"S. Babyvanitha, V. Vinothkumar, B. Jaykar","doi":"10.47604/gjhs.1761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1761","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The liver is largest metabolic organ involved in detoxification and synthesis of essential biomolecules in the human body. Liver damage occurs due to chronic alcohol abuse, viral infections (Hepatitis A, B, C) medicines, poor hygiene, smoking, dietary substances, chemicals (Carbon tetra chloride, thioacetamide, acetaminophen, D-Galactosamine) or herb induced hepatotoxicity. The liver filters all the blood from the digestive tract, before passing it to the rest of the body to avoid the entry of toxins in the other body system and prevent severe consequences. Hepatic insufficiency may increase plasma total cholesterol and triacylglycerols with high risk of atheroscelerosis and cardiovascular disease. Free radical formation in the alcohol use result in development of hepatitis leading to cirrhosis. Plants have been used to protect liver injury by various chemicals. \u0000Methodology: In this study we reviewed some popular herbal plants having hepatoprotective potential. \u0000Findings: Polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids are natural antioxidants and the consumption of foods that contain these compounds in large quantities seems to play an important role in prophylaxis against many diseases. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Herbal drugs are safe and have potential to cure hepatotoxicity. In India many plants have been identified as hepatoprotective drugs and used to treat liver disorders. ","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117262182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The study is aimed at determining the prevalence of plasmodiasis and anemia among children under age 10 in selected rural communities that attended Rural hospital, Doka. Methodology: A total of 255 thick film stained slides using the Giemsa staining technique were observed using the malaria microscopy method. Haematocrit was estimated using the centrifugation method having considered the age and sex of the participants. Findings: A total of 204 children representing 80% of the study participants were positive for malaria parasites. Malaria prevalence was heterogeneous and no significance was observed with sex. The prevalence in this study was throughout the year and was not dependent on season. The prevalence of anemia was 59.2% among 151 participants with a value of P<0.05 which is a strong indication that malaria is a risk factor for anemia Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The prevalence of malaria and anemia was very high based on this study. Hence, there is urgent need for massive intervention of insecticide- treated mosquito nets as well as health education in their mother’s tongue so as to identify signs and symptoms of malaria and as well as taking the right measures.
{"title":"Prevalence of Malaria and Anemia among Children under 10 Years Attending Rural Hospital Doka, Kaduna State between January to December, 2020","authors":"Brian Ajan","doi":"10.47604/gjhs.1762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1762","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study is aimed at determining the prevalence of plasmodiasis and anemia among children under age 10 in selected rural communities that attended Rural hospital, Doka. \u0000Methodology: A total of 255 thick film stained slides using the Giemsa staining technique were observed using the malaria microscopy method. Haematocrit was estimated using the centrifugation method having considered the age and sex of the participants. \u0000Findings: A total of 204 children representing 80% of the study participants were positive for malaria parasites. Malaria prevalence was heterogeneous and no significance was observed with sex. The prevalence in this study was throughout the year and was not dependent on season. The prevalence of anemia was 59.2% among 151 participants with a value of P<0.05 which is a strong indication that malaria is a risk factor for anemia \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The prevalence of malaria and anemia was very high based on this study. Hence, there is urgent need for massive intervention of insecticide- treated mosquito nets as well as health education in their mother’s tongue so as to identify signs and symptoms of malaria and as well as taking the right measures.","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"476 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122739759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The study sought to determine influence of funding on performance of Monitoring and Evaluation system of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus Programme in Msambweni Sub- County, Kwale County Methodology: A descriptive survey design was used. A total of 36 staff working in the HIV Programme were targeted because they are familiar with the M&E activities of the programme. All thirty-six staff working in the programme were used in this study as respondents. The researcher used Census survey in each facility because the number of subjects was manageable. Data was collected from the respondents using semi- structured questionnaires. The data was sorted, assessed for completeness and edited for errors, coded, and then entered into the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 where it was analysed using descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics that were used include percentages and frequencies. Data presentation was done using tables, charts and graphs. Findings: Results revealed that the budget allocated for most of the respondents is minimal and does not favour the monitoring and evaluation system. The study concluded that lack of sufficient budget allocation has a negative impact on the performance of the monitoring and evaluation system. Unique contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends for more money to be generated in to the budget allocated to favour the monitoring and evaluation system. Lastly but not least the study recommends that training should be encouraged on services delivery to the programme since it have got a very high impact on monitoring and evaluation system.
{"title":"Level of Funding and Performance of Monitoring and Evaluation System of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus Programme in Msambweni Sub- County, Kwale County","authors":"Rachael Musyoka, Serah Kimaru","doi":"10.47604/gjhs.1635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1635","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study sought to determine influence of funding on performance of Monitoring and Evaluation system of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus Programme in Msambweni Sub- County, Kwale County \u0000Methodology: A descriptive survey design was used. A total of 36 staff working in the HIV Programme were targeted because they are familiar with the M&E activities of the programme. All thirty-six staff working in the programme were used in this study as respondents. The researcher used Census survey in each facility because the number of subjects was manageable. Data was collected from the respondents using semi- structured questionnaires. The data was sorted, assessed for completeness and edited for errors, coded, and then entered into the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 where it was analysed using descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics that were used include percentages and frequencies. Data presentation was done using tables, charts and graphs. \u0000Findings: Results revealed that the budget allocated for most of the respondents is minimal and does not favour the monitoring and evaluation system. The study concluded that lack of sufficient budget allocation has a negative impact on the performance of the monitoring and evaluation system. \u0000Unique contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends for more money to be generated in to the budget allocated to favour the monitoring and evaluation system. Lastly but not least the study recommends that training should be encouraged on services delivery to the programme since it have got a very high impact on monitoring and evaluation system.","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133694480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This article attempts to examine the critical role that physical health infrastructure and associated facilities play in the delivery of effective integrated primary health care services for mental patients in Zambia. The working definition for ‘physical infrastructure’ in the paper relates to wider capacities in form of hospital buildings, bed spaces, medical equipment, and professional healthcare personnel, among other elements that facilitate effective operations of a health facility. Methodology: This study has used both quantitative and qualitative data from various sources to map the debate on the impact of inadequate infrastructure on mental health patients in Zambia’s health system. Findings: Inadequate health infrastructure has had a negative impact on the well-being of mental health patients and other sectors of the Zambian society. The entire country has only one ill-resourced main hospital, offering mental health services and has been overwhelmed by a combination of insufficient infrastructure and effects of COVID-19 pandemic. Unique contributions to theory, practice, and policy: For the health reforms to be effective, it is recommended that the conceptual integrated health system in Zambia be anchored on universal allocation of adequate resources and operationalization of mental health policies that genuinely connect with social determinants of mental health issues within communities. The involvement of non-governmental organizations providing an interface between communities and governments should be supported by organizational and multi-institution capacity and coordination. A systems theory informed this study and has been elaboratively discussed in the second chapter of this paper
{"title":"ZAMBIA’S MENTAL HEALTH PATIENTS: VICTIMS OF UNSPEAKABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CHALLENGE IN ZAMBIA’S HEALTH SYSTEM","authors":"Kapumpe Chilufya","doi":"10.47604/gjhs.1489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1489","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This article attempts to examine the critical role that physical health infrastructure and associated facilities play in the delivery of effective integrated primary health care services for mental patients in Zambia. The working definition for ‘physical infrastructure’ in the paper relates to wider capacities in form of hospital buildings, bed spaces, medical equipment, and professional healthcare personnel, among other elements that facilitate effective operations of a health facility. \u0000Methodology: This study has used both quantitative and qualitative data from various sources to map the debate on the impact of inadequate infrastructure on mental health patients in Zambia’s health system. \u0000Findings: Inadequate health infrastructure has had a negative impact on the well-being of mental health patients and other sectors of the Zambian society. The entire country has only one ill-resourced main hospital, offering mental health services and has been overwhelmed by a combination of insufficient infrastructure and effects of COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000Unique contributions to theory, practice, and policy: For the health reforms to be effective, it is recommended that the conceptual integrated health system in Zambia be anchored on universal allocation of adequate resources and operationalization of mental health policies that genuinely connect with social determinants of mental health issues within communities. The involvement of non-governmental organizations providing an interface between communities and governments should be supported by organizational and multi-institution capacity and coordination. A systems theory informed this study and has been elaboratively discussed in the second chapter of this paper","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123803780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Differences in cultural values, norms and conceptualization of mental illness may influence mental illness stigma differently across the globe. Both public and self stigma have widely been researched globally however, little is known about the specific experiences of stigma that females, and in particular mothers, with schizophrenia encounter as parents in Nigeria. The study aims to explore and compare internalized stigma among female parents and female non-parents. The secondary aim is to explore if any association exist between cultural beliefs on parenting with mental illness and internalized stigma among female patients with schizophrenia. Methodology: 142 female patients with schizophrenia attending the GOPD clinic at FNPH Maiduguri recruited through convenience sampling completed the study. They completed a socio-demographic questionnaire and a modified version of the Internalized stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI). Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Differences in self stigma were compared using chi-square for categorical variables and student t- test for continuous variables. P-value was set at 0.05. Findings: A total of 65 (75.6%) female parents and 32 (57.1%) of female non parents with schizophrenia had high self stigma. Female parents had a statically significant higher level of self stigma on the alienation subscale as well as the total score. Myths and misconceptions about parenting with mental illness were rampant. Conclusion: Self stigma is more prevalent among female parents with schizophrenia, with cultural beliefs and practices playing an important role in influencing stigma of mental illness. Further research of the impact of cultural factors on stigma of mental illness and culture specific interventions should be explored to reduce self stigma among parents with mental illness.
{"title":"INTERNALIZED STIGMA AND STIGMATIZING CULTURAL BELIEFS ON PARENTING WITH MENTAL ILLNESS AMONG FEMALE PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA: A COMPARISON OF FEMALE PARENT VERSUS NON PARENT","authors":"F. Shettima, I. Rabbebe, I. Wakawa, M. Wakil","doi":"10.47604/gjhs.1455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1455","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Differences in cultural values, norms and conceptualization of mental illness may influence mental illness stigma differently across the globe. Both public and self stigma have widely been researched globally however, little is known about the specific experiences of stigma that females, and in particular mothers, with schizophrenia encounter as parents in Nigeria. The study aims to explore and compare internalized stigma among female parents and female non-parents. The secondary aim is to explore if any association exist between cultural beliefs on parenting with mental illness and internalized stigma among female patients with schizophrenia. \u0000Methodology: 142 female patients with schizophrenia attending the GOPD clinic at FNPH Maiduguri recruited through convenience sampling completed the study. They completed a socio-demographic questionnaire and a modified version of the Internalized stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI). Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Differences in self stigma were compared using chi-square for categorical variables and student t- test for continuous variables. P-value was set at 0.05. \u0000Findings: A total of 65 (75.6%) female parents and 32 (57.1%) of female non parents with schizophrenia had high self stigma. Female parents had a statically significant higher level of self stigma on the alienation subscale as well as the total score. Myths and misconceptions about parenting with mental illness were rampant. \u0000Conclusion: Self stigma is more prevalent among female parents with schizophrenia, with cultural beliefs and practices playing an important role in influencing stigma of mental illness. Further research of the impact of cultural factors on stigma of mental illness and culture specific interventions should be explored to reduce self stigma among parents with mental illness.","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"120 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116702391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigated the impact of formal maternal education on child survival in Ghana using a probit model. Methodology:This study used data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey for the period of 1993 to 2008. It is nationally representative sample including urban and rural areas in the 10 regions of Ghana. It looks at trends in demographic and health indicators and is conducted every five years (GSS, 2009). . Findings: Mothers’ education had a positive and significant effect on child survival. In 2003 the probability of a child surviving up to age five increased by 15.4 percentage points for one year increase in mothers’ education, using control variables and 8.9 percentage points for a year increase in mothers’ education, after including socio-economic and reproductive factors of women, which revealed the true partial effect of maternal education. Unique contributions to theory practice and policy: It was observed that socio-economic and reproductive factors of women had an impact as well, hence policy makers should act to improve on these factors in order to complement the effect of formal maternal education to promote child survival in Ghana.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF FORMAL MATERNAL EDUCATION ON CHILD SURVIVAL IN GHANA","authors":"Samuel Laari, Shingo Takahashi","doi":"10.47604/gjhs.1418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1418","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigated the impact of formal maternal education on child survival in Ghana using a probit model. \u0000Methodology:This study used data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey for the period of 1993 to 2008. It is nationally representative sample including urban and rural areas in the 10 regions of Ghana. It looks at trends in demographic and health indicators and is conducted every five years (GSS, 2009). . \u0000Findings: Mothers’ education had a positive and significant effect on child survival. In 2003 the probability of a child surviving up to age five increased by 15.4 percentage points for one year increase in mothers’ education, using control variables and 8.9 percentage points for a year increase in mothers’ education, after including socio-economic and reproductive factors of women, which revealed the true partial effect of maternal education. \u0000Unique contributions to theory practice and policy: It was observed that socio-economic and reproductive factors of women had an impact as well, hence policy makers should act to improve on these factors in order to complement the effect of formal maternal education to promote child survival in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131331112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Personal development and pursuance of higher education in nursing is considered important for the nurses to stay abreast in the dynamic medical world and promote excellence in practice. There are workplace barriers that cause challenges for nurses who are upgrading as well as after upgrading. Objectives: Determine institution related challenges that determine whether a nurse enrolls in a diploma to degree nursing program, their performance during the program and their decision to hold on to the end Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive cross sectional design, carried out among a randomly sampled population of 220 nurses who work in the hospital. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires from a simple random sample of 140 nurses. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 22.0. Measures of central tendency mean and range were used. The findings have been presented in form of figures, tables, pie-charts and narrative texts. Results: A total of 120 participants filled questionnaires representing an 85% response rate. 78% (n=93) were female, and 22% (n=27) were male, Inferential analysis on institution related factors and their influence on upgrading nurses were assessed. Findings showed that the need for a promotion was the most important institution –related factors (n=62, 57.4%) underlying the motivation for nurses to upgrade (X2=17.601, df=7, p=0.014). Conclusion: Upgrading is a worthwhile venture for both the nurse and the work place. Promotion is one of the greatest motivational factors of upgrading. More diploma nurses think it is worth to upgrade. Recommendations: This research recommends that a caring curriculum should be designed for the working nurse and recognition and promotion according to education level and awareness of policies on promotion after upgrading.
{"title":"WORKING AND STUDYING: CHALLENGES FACED BY THE DIPLOMA NURSE WHILE UPGRADING","authors":"Stephen J. Kamau, J. Mwangi","doi":"10.47604/gjhs.1414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1414","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Personal development and pursuance of higher education in nursing is considered important for the nurses to stay abreast in the dynamic medical world and promote excellence in practice. There are workplace barriers that cause challenges for nurses who are upgrading as well as after upgrading. \u0000Objectives: Determine institution related challenges that determine whether a nurse enrolls in a diploma to degree nursing program, their performance during the program and their decision to hold on to the end \u0000Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive cross sectional design, carried out among a randomly sampled population of 220 nurses who work in the hospital. Data was collected using self-administered questionnaires from a simple random sample of 140 nurses. Data analysis was done by SPSS version 22.0. Measures of central tendency mean and range were used. The findings have been presented in form of figures, tables, pie-charts and narrative texts. \u0000Results: A total of 120 participants filled questionnaires representing an 85% response rate. 78% (n=93) were female, and 22% (n=27) were male, Inferential analysis on institution related factors and their influence on upgrading nurses were assessed. Findings showed that the need for a promotion was the most important institution –related factors (n=62, 57.4%) underlying the motivation for nurses to upgrade (X2=17.601, df=7, p=0.014). \u0000Conclusion: Upgrading is a worthwhile venture for both the nurse and the work place. Promotion is one of the greatest motivational factors of upgrading. More diploma nurses think it is worth to upgrade. \u0000Recommendations: This research recommends that a caring curriculum should be designed for the working nurse and recognition and promotion according to education level and awareness of policies on promotion after upgrading.","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128293541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
George Ouma, Farah Mohamed, G. Rithaa, Mohamed Hassan
Purpose: This inception report on the comprehensive assessment through desk reviews and analysis nutrition gaps in policy, political commitment, resource allocation and multi-sectoral coordination to inform the development of guideline and messages. This is as a follow-up of preliminary discussion held and concept agreed with the office of the national coordination for Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN), Somalia housed in the Office of Prime Minister (OPM), Federal Government of Somalia. This summary report presents findings from the assessment and a discussion of methodology, challenges and opportunities. By identifying and contextualizing new findings, nutrition advocacy assessment builds consensus in Somalia with a vision and path ahead for improved nutrition messaging and guidelines that various actors will use of advocacy work. Methodology: 30 documents were gathered and reviewed, including - national legislation, policies, guidelines, strategies and action plans to assess the inclusion of adolescents and current gaps. Interviews were conducted with 20 stakeholders from government, donors, UN, communities and non-governmental institutions in Somalia. The review, analysis and stakeholder interviews assessed the extent to which nutritional aspects were being addressed, any gaps in the policy landscape, commitments, multi-sectoral coordination, advocacy initiatives and recommendations for strengthening the enabling environment. Findings: It was established that awareness of SUN as a movement in Somalia was rated highly at however participation in SUN activities was very low and was left to nutritionist in the various sector/Institutions. Government has also shown a great political will and commitment to nutrition by ensuring policies and legislative frameworks are sufficient even though multi-sectoral nutrition integration is not optimal to impact desired impact. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: It was recommended that there is need to advocate political and administrative authorities, to further convince them to add nutrition among the top priorities of the governments, translate policies into actions and ensure allocation of funds for nutrition interventions. Also, Government must strongly provide leadership in nutrition policy development, programing and coordination.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITION ADVOCACY IN SOMALIA REPORT: GAPS, OPPORTUNITIES AND KEY MESSAGES","authors":"George Ouma, Farah Mohamed, G. Rithaa, Mohamed Hassan","doi":"10.47604/gjhs.1370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1370","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This inception report on the comprehensive assessment through desk reviews and analysis nutrition gaps in policy, political commitment, resource allocation and multi-sectoral coordination to inform the development of guideline and messages. This is as a follow-up of preliminary discussion held and concept agreed with the office of the national coordination for Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN), Somalia housed in the Office of Prime Minister (OPM), Federal Government of Somalia. This summary report presents findings from the assessment and a discussion of methodology, challenges and opportunities. By identifying and contextualizing new findings, nutrition advocacy assessment builds consensus in Somalia with a vision and path ahead for improved nutrition messaging and guidelines that various actors will use of advocacy work. \u0000Methodology: 30 documents were gathered and reviewed, including - national legislation, policies, guidelines, strategies and action plans to assess the inclusion of adolescents and current gaps. Interviews were conducted with 20 stakeholders from government, donors, UN, communities and non-governmental institutions in Somalia. The review, analysis and stakeholder interviews assessed the extent to which nutritional aspects were being addressed, any gaps in the policy landscape, commitments, multi-sectoral coordination, advocacy initiatives and recommendations for strengthening the enabling environment. \u0000Findings: It was established that awareness of SUN as a movement in Somalia was rated highly at however participation in SUN activities was very low and was left to nutritionist in the various sector/Institutions. Government has also shown a great political will and commitment to nutrition by ensuring policies and legislative frameworks are sufficient even though multi-sectoral nutrition integration is not optimal to impact desired impact. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: It was recommended that there is need to advocate political and administrative authorities, to further convince them to add nutrition among the top priorities of the governments, translate policies into actions and ensure allocation of funds for nutrition interventions. Also, Government must strongly provide leadership in nutrition policy development, programing and coordination.","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122305044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose of study: This study investigated the prevalence of Urinary Schistosomiasis in Zambia’s Sinazongwe district. Methodology: Three primary schools in Sinazongwe district were sampled by convenient sampling and these were: Mwezya primary, Sinakasikili primary and Maamba private. 542 urine samples were collected from pupils examined in the laboratory at Maamba Hospital. Snail survey was carried out along 3 streams that are near the selected schools; Siamaambo stream which is near Mwezya primary school, Kanzinze stream which is near Sinakasikili primary school and another stream also called Kanzinze which is near Maamba private school. Findings: Study revealed that schistosomiasis is still highly existent in the district despite the ongoing administration of praziquantel; nonetheless, most of the infections are of low intensity and more males were infected than females. From the snail survey, Bulinus globosus the intermediate host for Schistosoma haematobium was found to be among the several snail species in Siamaambo stream and released cercaria when exposed to a light source, therefore they were infected and were/are the source of the bilharzia infection in Mwezya (Mwezya primary school). Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: From results obtained, it can be seen that despite the administration of praziquantel to school going children, schistosomiasis will still be a problem in Sinazongwe district because the source of infection is not dealt with; as a result, there is continuous re-infection of the treated and untreated children. Therefore, comprehensive control by chemotherapy and snail control to eradicate the disease or at least lower the prevalence is recommended; and health officials that are involved in the administration of praziquantel should make follow-ups time-to-time after drug administration to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic program. Health education and provision of tap water is also recommended in this area to reduce frequent contact with contaminated water in streams.
{"title":"PREVALLENCE OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS (URINARY BILHARZIA) INSINAZONGWE DISTRICT","authors":"Munsaka Siankuku","doi":"10.47604/GJHS.1312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47604/GJHS.1312","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of study: This study investigated the prevalence of Urinary Schistosomiasis in Zambia’s Sinazongwe district. \u0000Methodology: Three primary schools in Sinazongwe district were sampled by convenient sampling and these were: Mwezya primary, Sinakasikili primary and Maamba private. 542 urine samples were collected from pupils examined in the laboratory at Maamba Hospital. Snail survey was carried out along 3 streams that are near the selected schools; Siamaambo stream which is near Mwezya primary school, Kanzinze stream which is near Sinakasikili primary school and another stream also called Kanzinze which is near Maamba private school. \u0000Findings: Study revealed that schistosomiasis is still highly existent in the district despite the ongoing administration of praziquantel; nonetheless, most of the infections are of low intensity and more males were infected than females. From the snail survey, Bulinus globosus the intermediate host for Schistosoma haematobium was found to be among the several snail species in Siamaambo stream and released cercaria when exposed to a light source, therefore they were infected and were/are the source of the bilharzia infection in Mwezya (Mwezya primary school). \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: From results obtained, it can be seen that despite the administration of praziquantel to school going children, schistosomiasis will still be a problem in Sinazongwe district because the source of infection is not dealt with; as a result, there is continuous re-infection of the treated and untreated children. Therefore, comprehensive control by chemotherapy and snail control to eradicate the disease or at least lower the prevalence is recommended; and health officials that are involved in the administration of praziquantel should make follow-ups time-to-time after drug administration to evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic program. Health education and provision of tap water is also recommended in this area to reduce frequent contact with contaminated water in streams.","PeriodicalId":260509,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Health Sciences","volume":"27 2-3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116556554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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