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The redefinition of the relationship between the Serbian and Albanian nation: The basis of the security consolidation of Kosovo and Metohija 重新确定塞尔维亚和阿尔巴尼亚民族之间的关系:科索沃和梅托希亚安全巩固的基础
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo2203099s
S. Stojanović
A lot of arguments support the view that the so-called Republic of Kosovo represents a model of a state that is based on violence, injustice, imposition and the absence of any idea of compromise. The national arrogance and aggressive ideas of Greater Albania, as well as the megalomaniac, violent and undemocratic character of the actions of the interim authorities in Prishtina, represent a real danger for further dissolution of the Balkans, which is why this area is perceived as an area of unfinished conflicts. From the point of view of accomplishing national interests, Kosovo and Metohija represents the greatest security challenge for the Republic of Serbia. The danger of further collapsing and diminishing the Serbian ethnic space, especially of changing the original Serbian character of the southern Serbian province and threatening the identity heritage of the Serbian nation represent particularly dangerous trends in the conflictual character of relations between Serbs and Albanians. The importance of Kosovo and Metohija and the severity and complexity of the problem that the southern Serbian province faces emphasize the necessity of defining a long-term strategy for its solution. With its content, it has to be a clear expression of conceptual readiness for solving the complex Kosovo-Metohija problem. At the basis of such a strategy, which is the starting hypothesis of this paper, is the necessity of redefining the relationship between the Serbian and Albanian nation and stopping the inertia of centuries-old mistrust and animosity between them. The stated position, which has a strategic character, is the cornerstone of the security stabilization and reintegration of Kosovo and Metohija. The main methodological procedures of the research process in this paper are comparative historical method and the method of document content analysisthe case study method, comparative analysis method and historical method.
许多论点都支持这样一种观点,即所谓的科索沃共和国代表了一个以暴力、不公正、强迫和没有任何妥协想法为基础的国家的典范。大阿尔巴尼亚的民族傲慢和侵略思想,以及普里什蒂纳临时当局行动的狂妄自大、暴力和不民主的性质,构成了巴尔干进一步解体的真正危险,这就是为什么这个地区被认为是一个冲突未结束的地区。从实现国家利益的角度来看,科索沃和梅托希亚是塞尔维亚共和国面临的最大安全挑战。塞尔维亚民族空间进一步崩溃和缩小的危险,特别是改变塞尔维亚南部省份原有的塞尔维亚性质和威胁塞尔维亚民族的特性遗产的危险,是塞尔维亚人和阿尔巴尼亚人之间关系的冲突性质中特别危险的趋势。科索沃和梅托希亚的重要性,以及塞尔维亚南部省份面临的问题的严重性和复杂性,都强调有必要为解决这一问题制定一项长期战略。其内容必须明确表示在概念上愿意解决复杂的科索沃-梅托希亚问题。这一战略是本文的起始假设,其基础是必须重新确定塞尔维亚和阿尔巴尼亚民族之间的关系,并停止它们之间几个世纪以来的不信任和敌意的惯性。所表明的立场具有战略性质,是科索沃和梅托希亚安全、稳定和重新融合的基石。本文研究过程的主要方法论程序是比较历史法和文献内容分析法、案例研究法、比较分析法和历史法。
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引用次数: 0
Models of selective military service in modern conditions 现代条件下的兵役模式
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo2104001n
N. Nikolić
New security challenges in the second decade of the twenty-first century and their materialization through various forms of hybrid warfare have had an impact on the emergence of ideas of strengthening state capacities for defence and security. One of these ideas is related to the manning of the armed forces. The paper presents models of selective military service that are successfully implemented in several European countries, which have similar demographic potential as Serbia. The main characteristic of these models of selective recruitment is the selection of only those persons who are interested in completing their military service voluntarily. Thus, the high motivation of future soldiers has been provided, and the consequences that would result from forcing those who do not want to do their military service have been forestalled. Models of manning in several neutral European countries and Israel have also been presented in order to gain a comparative insight. Foreign experiences have been summarised in the form of guidelines for a possible concept of a model of selective military service, which would meet the existing limitations and improve opportunities for a greater number of motivated persons, given the problematic possibility of mechanical reintroduction of the old model of conscription. The objective of this paper is to consider the possibilities of implementing foreign experiences in the process of creating an optimal solution, while respecting limiting factors in order to provide a highly motivated human factor for manning the armed forces.
21世纪第二个十年的新安全挑战及其通过各种形式的混合战争的具体化,对加强国家国防和安全能力的思想产生了影响。其中一个想法与武装部队的人员配备有关。本文介绍了在几个欧洲国家成功实施的选择性兵役模式,这些国家的人口潜力与塞尔维亚相似。这些选择性征兵模式的主要特点是只选拔有意自愿服兵役的人。因此,为未来的士兵提供了高度的动力,并预防了强迫那些不想服兵役的人可能产生的后果。还介绍了几个中立的欧洲国家和以色列的人员配备模式,以便获得比较的见解。国外的经验已以一种可能的选择性兵役模式概念的指导方针的形式加以总结,这种模式将满足现有的限制,并为更多有积极性的人改善机会,因为机械地重新采用旧的征兵模式的可能性存在问题。本文的目的是考虑在创造最佳解决方案的过程中实施外国经验的可能性,同时尊重限制因素,以便为武装部队的人员配备提供高度积极性的人为因素。
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引用次数: 0
The relation of personalized religiosity and militaristic political culture among the citizens of the Republic of Serbia 塞尔维亚共和国公民中个人化的宗教信仰与军国主义政治文化的关系
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo1901164m
Andrijana Maksimović, Z. Milosavljević
Proces sekularizacije je ucinio da klasicna religioznost izgubi tradicionalno dominantnu poziciju. Cini se da tu poziciju polako preuzimaju razliciti oblici svetovne religioznosti. Personalizovana religioznost se ne vezuje striktno za religioznost u klasicnom smislu. Ovu dimenziju religioznosti operacionalizujemo kroz sledece aspekte: verovanje u licnog Boga/duha/životnu silu, unutrasnja duhovnost, zainteresovanost za sveto/natprirodno, nalaženje utehe u veri, molitva i/ili meditacija. Militaristicka politicka kultura je oblik politicke kulture koji pociva na vojnoj vlasti. Preferencijal u odnosu militaristicki tip politicke kulture operacionalno merimo posredstvom cetvorostepene skale - "dobar", "veoma dobar", "los", "veoma los". Podaci koje smo koristili su iz Evropskog istraživanja vrednosti (European Value Study). To je komparativno kros-nacionalno i longitudinalno istraživanje koje se po jedinstvenoj metodologiji sprovodi u citavoj Evropi i to na svakih deset godina. Prvo ovakvo istraživanje je sprovedeno 1981. godine, a poslednje istraživanje je realizovano 2008/2009 godine. Srbija je ukljucena tek u poslednjem talasu istraživanja. Rezultati regresione analize ukazuju da je militaristicka politicka kultura pozitivan prediktor personalizovane religioznosti. Ovaj nalaz nas upucuje na to da postoji jaka veza između duhovnosti i vojne vlasti.
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引用次数: 0
Špijunaža kao oblik ugrožavanja poslovnih informacija
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo1903163t
N Dejan Tepavac
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引用次数: 0
Training of command staff for the use of units in crisis situations based on the application of modern technology 以现代技术的应用为基础,培训在危机情况下使用部队的指挥人员
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo1905026m
A. Milic, Aca Ranđelović, Saša Devetak
Crisis situations of the last decades occupy a significant place due to the consequences they create (expressed in losses that amount to hundreds of human lives and enormous amounts of money). Management in such crisis situations is conditioned by a large number of factors that need to be analyzed in detail during the preparation for prospective (expected) future crises. A possible way of reducing the consequences is the preparation of command management staff for such situations. Preparations based on the application of modern technologies (remote and simulation software) significantly result in better training of command structures for response and handling crisis situations. The required quality is achieved through the application of the distance learning platform, where individuals choose the time and place of learning, which creates the conditions for more focused and higher - quality training on simulation software. The Janus simulation software has been used in this paper. It enables training people (through different scenarios) to respond in different situations. An unlimited number of repetitions of different or the same scenarios allow people to train to respond to an unlimited number of different situations.
过去几十年的危机局势由于其造成的后果(表现为数百人的生命和巨额金钱的损失)而占有重要地位。在这种危机情况下的管理受到大量因素的制约,这些因素需要在为可能(预期)的未来危机做准备时进行详细分析。减少这种后果的一个可能方法是为这种情况准备指挥管理人员。以应用现代技术(远程和模拟软件)为基础的准备工作大大提高了对指挥结构的训练,以应对和处理危机局势。通过远程学习平台的应用,个人可以选择学习的时间和地点,从而达到所需的质量,这为在仿真软件上进行更集中和更高质量的培训创造了条件。本文采用了Janus仿真软件。它可以训练人们(通过不同的场景)在不同的情况下做出反应。无限次重复不同或相同的场景可以让人们训练出对无限种不同情况的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Uloga obaveštajnih službi u izgradnji bezbednosne funkcije države
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo1902069g
Radoslav Gaćinović
Ovaj rad je pokusaj autora da podseti strukture države i naucnu javnost na ulogu i znacaj obavestajnih službi u izgradnji kapaciteta bezbednosti demokratske države. Rad obavestajnih službi ne može uvek biti dostupan javnosti, njihov rad je u vecini tajan, neprekidan, metode specificne i nedostupne javnosti, i jedino takvim nacinom rada mogu doprineti izgradnji bezbednosne funkcije države, ali njihov rad mora kontrolisati parlament i vlada kako bi se izbegle mnoge negativnosti koje su u proslosti karakterisale rad obavestajnih službi. Savremeni obavestajno-bezbednosni sistem, u skladu sa definisanim nacionalnim interesima i spoljnopolitickim prioritetima, svoje postojanje i rad temelje na: strategijama nacionalne bezbednosti, zakonima o nacionalnoj bezbednosti, maticnim zakonima pojedinih obavestajnih ustanova koji bliže preciziraju delokrug rada, unutrasnju organizaciju, i metode rada službi, kao i sredstva i mere koje službe koriste.
这套丛书是作者试图向国家机构和公众宣传公共服务在建设安全民主国家能力中的作用和角色。Rad obavestajnih službi ne može uvek biti dostupan javnosti, ich rad je u vecini tajan, neprekidan, metode specificne i nedostupne javnosti, i jedino takvim nacinom rada mogu doprineti buildanju bezbednosne funkce države, vai ich rad musí kontrolisati parlament i vlada kako bi izbegle wielu Negnosti koje su u proslosti karakterisale rad obavestajnih službi.当前的安全保障体系,根据确定的国家利益和政治优先事项,其立场和活动的基础是:国家安全战略、国家安全法律、其他安全机构的母法,这些法律更密切地体现了国家安全战略、国家安全组织和国家安全政策。
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引用次数: 0
Peace as the purpose of the military 和平是军队的目的
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo2103036s
Dragan Stanar
The attitude of political system, and in a broader sense of political community, towards the military is largely defined by the understanding of the role and purpose that the military has in a society. The lack of the understanding of the true purpose of the military often leads to inadequate evaluation of this institution, both in political system and by general public. The objective of this paper is to define peace as the purpose of the military, which will enable a proper understanding of its vital political role as a necessary framework and preconditions for the existence and functioning of all other institutions in the society. The paper analyzes the perception of the role of the military institution and its members and offers an alternative definition of its function and purpose, which facilitates correct insight into the role of the military in the society and depicts its essential nature. An intuitive understanding of the role of the military, through misinterpretation of instrument (war) as the purpose itself, reduces its purpose to war, and thus determines the attitude of the lay political public towards this institution and its members. Therefore, it is necessary to offer an adequate answer to the question: why the purpose of the military is actually peace and not war, what kind of peace it is, and by which functions this institution fulfills its role. It is concluded that the military exercises the defined purpose of "good" peace in two ways - in peace by preserving it through the function of deterrence, and in war by establishing it as quickly as possible through victory.
政治体制以及更广泛意义上的政治共同体对军队的态度在很大程度上取决于对军队在社会中的作用和目的的理解。由于对军队的真正目的缺乏了解,往往导致政治体制和公众对这一机构的评价不足。本文的目标是将和平定义为军队的目的,这将使人们能够正确理解其作为社会中所有其他机构存在和运作的必要框架和先决条件的重要政治作用。本文分析了对军事机构及其成员作用的认知,并对其功能和目的提出了另一种定义,有助于正确认识军队在社会中的作用,并描绘其本质性质。对军队作用的直观理解,通过对工具(战争)作为目的本身的误解,将其目的简化为战争,从而决定了非专业政治公众对这个机构及其成员的态度。因此,有必要对以下问题提供一个充分的答案:为什么军队的目的实际上是和平而不是战争,这是一种什么样的和平,这一机构通过何种职能履行其作用。结论是,军事演习以两种方式实现“良好”和平的定义目的-在和平中通过威慑功能维护和平,在战争中通过胜利尽快建立和平。
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引用次数: 0
Pravna priroda mere oduzimanja imovine proistekle iz krivičnog dela
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo1903133g
Jelena Gluščević, Dragan Radoman
Mera oduzimanja imovine proistekle iz krivicnog dela uvedena je posebnim zakonom i njena primena je propracena normativnom i institucionalnom podrskom kao obezbeđenje njenog opstajanja u savremenom sistemu krivicnih mera i sankcija. Bez obzira na sada vec visegodisnju primenu posebne mere, neopravdano je izostala ozbiljnija i obimnija teorijsko-pravna argumentacija njenih sustinskih karakteristika, njenog mesta u okviru krivicnopravnog sistema, kao i pitanja njene pravne prirode. Cilj rada jeste da pruži odgovor na pitanje njene pravne prirode, adekvatnu argumentaciju za takav odgovor, a koja ujedno opisuje njene sustinske karakteristike. Takvim prikazom nastoji se s jedne strane otklanjanju nedoumice koje su kod postojanja i primene posebne mere prisutne, kako zbog terminoloskih zabuna, tako i zbog nedovoljne istraženosti njenih specificnosti, a sa druge određivanju mesta koje joj, bez obzira na to sto nije obuhvacena odredbama KZ-a, njoj nesporno, ali i de facto pripada.
通过专门法律引入了刑事工作中的财产损失措施,并以规范和制度的方式对其应用进行了详细说明,以避免在现代刑事措施和制裁体系中使用该措施。Bez obzira na sada vec visegodisnju primenu posebnih measureu, neopravdano je izostala ozbiljnija i obimnija teorijno-pravna argumentacji jej sustinskih karakteristika, jejog mesta u rámci krivicnopravnog sistema, kao i pitanja jej juridical prirode.因此,在法律上的优先权、对诉讼的论证,以及对法律依据的选择上,我们都有责任。在此背景下,我们可以看到,在法律术语和具体法律规定的基础上,我们对 KZ-a、Njoj nesporno、ali i de facto pripada 进行了论证。
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引用次数: 0
The manipulation of religious feelings as a determinant of social conflicts: A case study of Nigeria 宗教情感的操纵是社会冲突的决定因素:以尼日利亚为例
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo2201016s
Nemanja Stevanović
Historically viewed, religion has had a role to overcome social conflicts and promote peace among opposing parties. However, it has often known to transform into the role of a direct or indirect cause of some form of violence. Therefore, the subject of the research in this paper is the correlation of social conflicts and religious determinants as their causes, among which the manipulation of religious feelings has a special place. The central topic of the paper is the manipulation of religious feelings, i.e. the methods and techniques used by these subjects to recruit new soldiers of religiosity, with the ultimate goal of gaining supremacy by force over the opposing party, in this case religion. Accordingly, such relations have been analysed in the Federal Republic of Nigeria, where, in addition to Christianity and Islam, as two dominant religions, there are several other local religions that together, for decades, have been in an open conflict for supremacy. In this regard, the consideration of the historical context of this type of conflict in Nigeria should indicate the main motives in its background, goals to be achieved in this manner, as well as answers to the question of whether believers, who, according to the postulates of both religions, should always be on the path of peace, in fact are abused through individual or systemic manipulation.
从历史上看,宗教在克服社会冲突和促进对立党派之间的和平方面发挥了作用。然而,人们常常知道它会转变为某种形式暴力的直接或间接原因。因此,本文的研究主题是社会冲突与宗教决定因素之间的相关性,其中宗教情感的操纵具有特殊的地位。本文的中心主题是对宗教情感的操纵,即这些主体使用的方法和技术来招募新的宗教士兵,最终目标是通过武力获得对对方的霸权,在这种情况下是宗教。因此,对尼日利亚联邦共和国的这种关系进行了分析,在那里,除了基督教和伊斯兰教这两个占主导地位的宗教外,还有其他几个地方宗教几十年来一直公开争夺至高无上的地位。在这方面,对尼日利亚这类冲突的历史背景的审议应表明其背景中的主要动机、以这种方式要实现的目标,以及对以下问题的回答:根据两种宗教的假设,信徒应该始终走在和平的道路上,但实际上是否受到个人或系统操纵的虐待。
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引用次数: 0
Uporedna analiza strategija nacionalne bezbednosti Republike Srbije i Republike Hrvatske
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/vojdelo1907114m
Radovan Miladinović, Hatidža Beriša
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引用次数: 0
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