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Gender Differences in Hungarian Social Workers’ Professional Identity Components 匈牙利社会工作者职业认同成分的性别差异
Márta B. Erdős
Gender imbalance among social worker professionals is a potential problem in social service provision, and is indicative of social workers’ relatively low social prestige. The problem affects social worker professionals and service users globally. The dominant discourse on care, gender and gender imbalance (public perceptions on the profession, pay gaps and social positions) is deeply rooted in cultural traditions. In Hungary, a Soviet type emancipation and was present before the system change in 1989, strengthening women’s positions in the labor market and inviting them into practically all areas of work. At the same time the concept of care, connectedness and dialogue could not have a genuine and personal-level voice in these societies what has an impact on social workers’ and service users’ current positions. Authors, relying on Carol Gilligan’s theory on ethics of care, argue that care may have different manifestations but it is a common human orientation and responsibility. To study the gender aspects of social worker identity, authors employ Identity Structure Analysis, a unique method to explore identity issues, such as one’s or a social group’s evaluations, identifications and conflicted areas. Based on our results we can conclude that women social workers in Hungary have more core and less secondary profession-related constructs than men do. Further, they are more accepting about wounded healer-type transformations in the development of professional identity, and are less receptive to some elements of government rhetoric. At the same time, they value an academic degree in Social Work less than men do.
社会工作者专业性别失衡是社会服务提供中的一个潜在问题,这表明社会工作者的社会声望相对较低。这个问题影响着全球的社会工作者、专业人士和服务使用者。关于护理、性别和性别不平衡(公众对职业的看法、薪酬差距和社会地位)的主流话语深深植根于文化传统。在匈牙利,苏联式的解放在1989年制度变革之前就已经存在,加强了妇女在劳动力市场中的地位,并邀请她们参与几乎所有领域的工作。与此同时,关怀、联系和对话的概念在这些社会中无法产生真正的、个人层面的声音,这对社会工作者和服务使用者目前的立场产生了影响。作者根据卡罗尔·吉利根的关怀伦理理论,认为关怀可能有不同的表现形式,但它是人类共同的取向和责任。为了研究社会工作者身份的性别方面,作者采用了身份结构分析这一独特的方法来探讨身份问题,如个人或社会群体的评价、认同和冲突领域。根据我们的研究结果,我们可以得出结论,匈牙利的女性社会工作者比男性有更多的核心职业和更少的次级职业相关的构念。此外,他们更能接受受伤的治疗师在职业认同发展中的转变,而不太能接受政府的一些花言巧语。与此同时,她们比男性更不看重社会工作方面的学位。
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引用次数: 0
A 21st Century Movement: An Anthropological Study of the Budapest Bike Mafia 21世纪的运动:布达佩斯自行车黑手党的人类学研究
Szilvia Nyers
The aim of my research is to explore the Budapest Bike Mafia movement and to examine its operation, which formulated the vision of a tolerant, responsible society in which people act in a sustainable way to create dignified living conditions for those in need. Therefore, first of all, it is important to examine in what social environment the given organization is created, as well as all its characteristics. These include the patterns of its organization, the interpretation of the social problem it embraces, the efforts made to achieve the collective goals, the repertoire of the movement, the circle of participants, the symbols they use, and their communication. I believe the strength of a community is most evident in crisis situations, and our changing world poses a myriad of challenges to local society. Movements in this context can be considered litmus tests: their emergence not only reflects but also draws attention to the state of the given milieu. The ordinary history of the Bike Mafia is a great example to anyone of how we can do socially useful and good things. Philip Zimbardo’s research has already proven how average people can become monsters, or even heroes. In my presentation, I would like to introduce the movement I have researched through the story of these ordinary heroes.
我的研究目的是探索布达佩斯自行车黑手党运动,并检查其运作,它制定了一个宽容,负责任的社会的愿景,在这个社会中,人们以可持续的方式行动,为有需要的人创造有尊严的生活条件。因此,首先,重要的是要检查给定的组织是在什么样的社会环境中创建的,以及它的所有特征。这些包括其组织模式,对其所包含的社会问题的解释,为实现集体目标所做的努力,运动的曲目,参与者的圈子,他们使用的符号,以及他们的交流。我相信一个社区的力量在危机情况下是最明显的,我们不断变化的世界给当地社会带来了无数的挑战。在这种情况下的运动可以被视为试金石:它们的出现不仅反映了而且还引起了对特定环境状况的关注。自行车黑手党的普通历史对任何人来说都是一个很好的例子,告诉我们如何做对社会有益的好事。Philip Zimbardo的研究已经证明普通人可以变成怪物,甚至英雄。在我的演讲中,我想通过这些普通英雄的故事来介绍我所研究的运动。
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引用次数: 0
„Between two worlds” – the connections between the educational and social mobility of Roma in Hungary int he light of a career guidance program “两个世界之间”——根据职业指导计划,匈牙利罗姆人的教育和社会流动之间的联系
Boros Julianna
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引用次数: 0
Angels of Darkness: Rethinking suicidal ideation from a gender perspective 黑暗天使:从性别角度重新思考自杀的想法
Dolores Alemany-Martínez
The prevalence of suicidal ideation in young women might be linked to some distinguishable features that are strikingly common among them. Going further than the medical diagnosis of a certain mental disposition since teenagehood, this research tries to understand the importance of gender in relation to the presence of common predictors in their creative writing output. The corpus for study was based on selected written production by Amy Levy (1861-1889), Annemarie Schwarzenbach (1908-1942) and Alejandra Pizarnik (1936-1972). The authors were chosen as representative female writers marked by suicide attempts. Whether short fiction or poetry and having lived in different times and cultural backgrounds, the psyches of the women present in this research show astonishing resemblance. Similarities can be traced and identified regarding tabooed sexual orientation, maternity as a stigma, a constant fear of social disapproval, a sense of incompleteness and the inner dialogue around different voices of the individual. The findings support the view that suicide is gendered. Understanding the relevance of gender in suicide will help understand the underlying interpretations of women's suicidality in a wider perspective. This contemporary epidemiology needs to be clearly described and identified in order to be made visible and eradicated not by individual strive, but through social catharsis.
年轻女性自杀意念的流行可能与她们之间一些明显的共同特征有关。除了对青少年时期的某种心理倾向进行医学诊断之外,这项研究还试图了解性别在他们的创意写作成果中常见预测因素的重要性。研究的语料库是基于艾米·利维(1861-1889)、安玛丽·施瓦岑巴赫(1908-1942)和亚历杭德拉·皮萨尼克(1936-1972)的精选书面作品。这些作者被选为有自杀倾向的代表性女作家。无论是短篇小说还是诗歌,生活在不同的时代和文化背景中,这项研究中出现的女性的心理都显示出惊人的相似之处。在禁忌的性取向、作为耻辱的生育、对社会不赞成的持续恐惧、不完整感和围绕个人不同声音的内心对话等方面,可以找到并确定相似之处。研究结果支持了自杀与性别有关的观点。了解性别与自杀的相关性将有助于从更广泛的角度理解对女性自杀行为的潜在解释。这种当代流行病学需要清楚地描述和识别,以便通过社会宣泄而不是个人努力使其可见并根除。
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引用次数: 0
Post-Socialist Path in Urban Development 后社会主义城市发展路径
Viktória Borda
Nowadays all welfare states without exception must face the increasing level of poverty and social exclusion. The situation in post socialist states, where the transition deepened the instability of the economy, is even worse. Social security is at risk by the territorial manifestation of segregation not only for vulnerable groups but a broader part of the society. Post-socialist societies faced three different types of changes at the end of the 20th century. On the one hand, the transformation of totalitarian political structure and the redesign of the economy into a democracy or market economy, on the other hand, the growth of the service sector, which has ousted the dominance of industrial production, and, thirdly, integration from their isolated position into the global world economy. All of these have influenced the development of cities as spatial projections of societies. Most of the East-Central and Eastern European cities have been fighting for sustainable development for the last couple of decades and are trying to reposition themself to the changing regional and global environment. This paper aims to present the impacts that have affected cities in the regime-changing countries during the socio-economic transition and how these influenced the development or even the decline of urban functions compared to urbanization processes in other regions of the world.
如今,所有的福利国家无一例外地都必须面对日益严重的贫困和社会排斥。后社会主义国家的情况更糟,转型加深了经济的不稳定性。社会安全受到地域隔离的威胁,这种隔离不仅针对弱势群体,而且针对更广泛的社会群体。20世纪末,后社会主义社会面临着三种不同类型的变化。一方面,极权主义政治结构的转变和经济向民主或市场经济的重新设计,另一方面,服务部门的增长,它已经推翻了工业生产的主导地位,第三,从他们孤立的地位融入全球世界经济。所有这些都作为社会的空间投射影响了城市的发展。在过去的几十年里,大多数中东欧和东欧城市一直在为可持续发展而奋斗,并试图重新定位自己,以适应不断变化的区域和全球环境。本文旨在介绍社会经济转型期间对政权更迭国家城市的影响,以及与世界其他地区的城市化进程相比,这些影响如何影响城市功能的发展甚至下降。
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引用次数: 0
On Anarchism – Discourse Analysis 论无政府主义——话语分析
D. Cârstea
For a discussion on anarchism, one encounters a branching taxonomy of versions of it, sprouting from the various overlappings and crosscutting intersectionalities with other ideologies. The logical structure of likeness leaves no room for equivocation: to see the like is to see the same in spite of, and through, the different. But the presupposition underlying it is that there is a difference. And this is precisely my goal, namely to show that, in spite of overlappings, anarchism is different from other ideologies and, first and foremost, to justify the unique way in which anarchist discourse surfaces, namely in metaphorical garments. The texts which will be analysed are R. L. Stevenson’s “Britain, a Garden Enclosed” and Hilaire Belloc’s “Love of England”. Detectable isotopies, repetitions of semes belonging to the same semantic field, the anarchist one, are manifest in Stevenson’s “Britain, a Garden Enclosed”, though entangled with radicalist upsurges, smouldering throughout the text and surfacing in a manner which is contrapuntal of anarchist avowals. The expectation to find recurrent elements, of the kind mentioned above is confirmed on perusal of Hilaire Belloc’s text, as well.
在讨论无政府主义时,人们会遇到不同版本的分支分类法,这些版本来自于与其他意识形态的各种重叠和交叉交叉性。相似的逻辑结构没有给模棱两可留下任何余地:看到相似的东西就是看到相同的东西,尽管有不同,并且通过不同。但它背后的前提是存在差异。这正是我的目标,即表明,尽管有重叠,无政府主义不同于其他意识形态,首先,也是最重要的,证明无政府主义话语表面的独特方式,即隐喻的外衣。本文将分析r.l.史蒂文森的《英国,一个封闭的花园》和希莱尔·贝洛克的《英国之恋》。在史蒂文森的《英国,一个封闭的花园》中,尽管与激进主义的浪潮纠缠在一起,但可察觉的同位素,属于同一语义领域的重复的符号,在全文中都是明显的,并以一种与无政府主义宣言对位的方式出现。在阅读Hilaire Belloc的文本时也证实了找到上述那种反复出现的元素的期望。
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引用次数: 0
Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for Impact Assessment in Psychological Research: Case Study of Psychological Well-being 心理学研究中影响评估的模糊认知图:心理健康个案研究
H. Farahani
Assessing the impact of main factors on a given factor is important in various fields of psychological research. There are some methodological and statistical methods to tackle that problem. Recently, other methods and algorithms are being developed for this purpose. One of the methods is Fuzzy Cognitive Maps, which are recurrent neural network for modelling and simulations. The main advantage of this method is that it provides flexibility to model complex systems using causal relationships, thus allowing for what-if simulations. The key purpose of this paper is to introduce and apply this method in the Psychology field. More explicitly, this paper discusses this model in depth and applies it to a psychological well-being case study.
评估主要因素对给定因素的影响在心理学研究的各个领域都很重要。有一些方法和统计方法可以解决这个问题。最近,正在为此目的开发其他方法和算法。其中一种方法是模糊认知图,它是一种用于建模和仿真的递归神经网络。这种方法的主要优点是,它提供了使用因果关系对复杂系统建模的灵活性,从而允许进行假设模拟。本文的主要目的是将这种方法引入心理学领域并加以应用。更明确地,本文深入讨论了这一模型,并将其应用于心理健康的案例研究。
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引用次数: 0
Culture and Education: Oman’s Soft Power Instruments 文化和教育:阿曼的软实力工具
Abdullah Hamed Maani
Oman is striving to promote good and equal relations with other states, and to adopt a policy of good neighbourliness and non-interference in others’ internal affairs. Moreover, it is working in maintaining respect for international law, conventions and customs. Nowadays, the Middle East goes through remarkable changes that require the use of quiet diplomacy and in a way; soft power. This paper offers a comprehensive understanding of educational tools as a public diplomacy and soft power instrument through analyzing state and non-state actors of Oman. The paper examines the extent to which the practices of Oman have succeeded in wielding soft power. A great deal cultural assets, Omani universities, number of international students in Oman and their contributions and the Omani international cultural initiatives will be examined and assessed. The research adopts a qualitative approach, in which analyzing the current literature. Moreover, some secondary data will be examined. At the end of this paper, we formulate some recommendations to help Oman to adapt its foreign policy with the dynamic international environment.
阿曼正在努力促进与其他国家的良好和平等关系,并采取睦邻友好和不干涉别国内政的政策。此外,它正在努力维护对国际法、公约和习惯的尊重。如今,中东正在经历着显著的变化,这需要使用安静的外交,在某种程度上;软实力。本文通过分析阿曼的国家和非国家行为体,全面了解教育工具作为公共外交和软实力工具的作用。本文考察了阿曼在运用软实力方面的成功程度。将审查和评估大量的文化资产、阿曼的大学、阿曼的国际学生人数及其贡献和阿曼的国际文化倡议。本研究采用定性研究方法,对现有文献进行分析。此外,还将审查一些二手数据。在本文的最后,我们提出了一些建议,以帮助阿曼的外交政策适应动态的国际环境。
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引用次数: 1
Online Dispute Resolutions 网上争议解决
Sezin AKTEPE ARTIK
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Holistic Development and Wellness: Experiences and Perspectives of Filipino Student Leaders 理解整体发展与健康:菲律宾学生领袖的经验与观点
Leandro A. Loyola
This study focused on how student leaders coming from different higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Philippines understand Holistic Development and Wellness based on their experiences and perspectives. Literature tells us about the clear role of HEIs in ensuring the holistic development and wellness of the students. It is part of their responsibility to create programs and policies that promote the development of students in different aspects. This responsibility is being shared among the members of the community like the administrators, teachers, and even with the students. Active student leaders are believed to play an active role in leading the implementation of programs and activities promoting holistic development and wellness. Given this, it is very crucial for them to understand the value of the two concepts as well as their role. This qualitative study utilized narrative inquiry as a method and approach in documenting and analyzing the student leaders’ understanding of holistic development and wellness. Their stories were captured after engaging in an interactive youth forum. Their narratives showed clear understanding of the concepts and regarded holistic development as being integrated with wellness that allows individuals reach full potential. Their experiences and perspectives as student leaders allowed them to propose possible contributions and set action plans to ensure holistic development and wellness of students in their respective institutions. This also allowed them to reflect on the support that they will be needing from the members of the school community.
本研究的重点是来自菲律宾不同高等教育机构(HEIs)的学生领袖如何根据他们的经验和观点理解整体发展和健康。文献告诉我们,高等教育机构在确保学生的全面发展和健康方面扮演着明确的角色。创建促进学生在不同方面发展的项目和政策是他们的责任之一。这个责任是由社区的成员共同承担的,比如管理人员、教师,甚至是学生。积极的学生领袖被认为在领导促进全面发展和健康的项目和活动的实施方面发挥积极作用。鉴于此,了解这两个概念的价值及其作用对他们来说非常重要。本质性研究利用叙事探究作为一种方法和途径来记录和分析学生领袖对整体发展和健康的理解。他们的故事是在参与互动青年论坛后被记录下来的。他们的叙述显示了对概念的清晰理解,并将整体发展视为与健康相结合,使个人能够充分发挥潜力。他们作为学生领袖的经验和观点使他们能够提出可能的贡献,并制定行动计划,以确保学生在各自院校的全面发展和健康。这也使他们能够反思他们需要从学校社区成员那里得到的支持。
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引用次数: 1
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Proceedings of ‏The 3rd International Conference on Modern Approach in Humanities and Social Sciences
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