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Deconstruction in a Nutshell: The Very Idea (!) 简而言之:解构主义(!)
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.5422/fordham/9780823290284.003.0003
J. Derrida
This chapter discusses the idea of deconstruction in a nutshell. The very meaning and mission of deconstruction is to show that things do not have definable meanings and determinable missions, that they are always more than any mission would impose, and that they exceed the boundaries they currently occupy. A “meaning” or a “mission” is a way to contain and compact things, like a nutshell, gathering them into a unity, whereas deconstruction bends all its efforts to stretch beyond these boundaries, to transgress confines, to interrupt and disjoin all such gathering. Whenever deconstruction finds a nutshell, the very idea is to crack it open and disturb this tranquility. The thrust of each of the questions put to Jacques Derrida in the “Roundtable” was to press him about the relevance of deconstruction to the most traditional values of institution, tradition, community, justice, and religion. Ultimately, Derrida was eloquent about the place of deconstruction at the heart of the most time-honored institutions.
本章简要地讨论了解构主义的思想。解构主义的意义和使命在于表明事物没有可定义的意义和可确定的使命,它们总是比任何使命所施加的都要多,它们超越了它们目前所占据的界限。“意义”或“使命”是一种包含和压缩事物的方式,就像一个果壳,将它们聚集成一个整体,而解构主义则竭尽全力超越这些界限,超越界限,打断和分离所有这些集合。每当解构主义找到一个果壳,它的想法就是把它敲开,扰乱这种宁静。在“圆桌会议”中,雅克·德里达所面临的每一个问题的主旨都是迫使他思考解构主义与制度、传统、社区、正义和宗教等最传统的价值观之间的相关性。最后,德里达雄辩地阐述了解构主义在历史最悠久的机构的核心地位。
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引用次数: 0
6. The Messianic: Waiting for the Future 6. 弥赛亚:等待未来
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.1515/9780823290680-011
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引用次数: 0
The Right to Philosophy 哲学的权利
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.5422/FORDHAM/9780823290284.003.0004
J. Derrida
This chapter examines how philosophy for Jacques Derrida is one of the most fundamental rights. However, rights come after responsibility. The work of deconstruction is set in motion, engaged only by a pledge of responsibility. This sense of responsibility being well understood, one may say that deconstruction reserves the right to ask any questions, to think any thought, to wonder aloud about any improbability, and to impugn the veracity of any of the most venerable verities. That seemingly self-righteous, even legalistic characterization does not mean that deconstruction takes itself to be the master and judge of all it surveys. Whenever deconstruction seems to cause or get itself into trouble — or even to look a little negative and destructive — one must remember that deconstruction is being very responsible and affirmative, indeed that deconstruction is affirmation, responsibility, and engagement, which are the touchstones of a new Enlightenment.
本章探讨了哲学对于雅克·德里达来说是最基本的权利之一。然而,权利在责任之后。解构的工作是启动的,只需要承担责任的承诺。这种责任感被充分理解后,人们可以说,解构主义保留了提出任何问题、思考任何想法、大声质疑任何不可能性、质疑任何最令人尊敬的真理的真实性的权利。这种看似自以为是、甚至是墨守成规的定性,并不意味着解构主义把自己当成它所考察的一切事物的主宰和审判者。每当解构主义似乎引起或使自己陷入麻烦,甚至看起来有点消极和破坏性时,我们必须记住,解构主义是非常负责任和肯定的,实际上,解构主义是肯定,责任和参与,这是新启蒙运动的试金石。
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引用次数: 0
7. Re-Joyce, Say "Yes" 7. Re-Joyce,说“Yes”
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.1515/9780823290680-012
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引用次数: 0
A Concluding Amen 结束语阿门
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1198zt6.14
J. Derrida
This chapter claims that deconstruction is hanging on by a prayer. Deconstruction is a way of hanging on by a prayer, a way of hanging on to a prayer. Amen is not the end of deconstruction's prayer but its beginning and sustaining middle, something that precedes and follows and constantly accompanies all its works and days. The chapter then describes how Jacques Derrida has said that one can be flexible on the point of putting deconstruction in a nutshell and occasionally interrupt or transgress the absolute prohibition against nutshells. As Derrida says in the “Roundtable,” “sometimes it is not a bad thing.”
这一章宣称,解构主义是靠祈祷来支撑的。解构主义是一种依靠祈祷者的方式,一种依靠祈祷者的方式。阿门不是解构主义祈祷的结束,而是它的开始和持续的中间部分,在它所有的工作和日子之前,之后,一直伴随着它。这一章接着描述了雅克·德里达是如何说的,一个人可以灵活地把解构放在一个果壳里,偶尔打断或违反对果壳的绝对禁止。正如德里达在《圆桌会议》中所说,“有时这并不是件坏事。”
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引用次数: 0
4. Community Without Community 4. 没有社区的社区
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.1515/9780823290680-009
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引用次数: 0
Introduction (2020) Specters of Derrida 《德里达的幽灵》(2020
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.1515/9780823290680-004
J. Caputo
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引用次数: 0
Community Without Community 没有社区的社区
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1198zt6.10
J. Derrida
This chapter investigates how postmodern difference, the difference that interests Jacques Derrida, is deeply multi-cultural, multi-lingual, and multi-racial. It represents what can be called a highly miscegenated “polymorphism.” Derrida does not dismiss the idea of unity and identity out of hand, for “pure” diversity would spell death no less surely than would a “pure” totalitarian unity. But he advocates highly heterogenous, porous, self-differentiating quasi-identities, unstable identities that are not identical with themselves, that do not close over and form a seamless web of the selfsame. What Derrida advocates, in a nutshell, is “democracy.” That is why he is troubled by the word “community.” What he does not like about the word “community” is its connotations of “fusion” and “identification.” The self-protective closure of “community” would be just about the opposite of what deconstruction is.
这一章探讨了后现代差异,即雅克·德里达感兴趣的差异,是如何深刻地多元文化、多元语言和多元种族的。它代表了一种可以被称为高度混杂的“多态性”。德里达并没有马上摒弃统一和同一性的概念,因为“纯粹的”多样性和“纯粹的”极权主义的统一一样,必然意味着死亡。但他提倡高度异质、多孔、自我区分的准身份,不稳定的身份,这些身份与自己不相同,不会闭合,也不会形成一个由相同的人组成的无缝网络。简而言之,德里达所倡导的是“民主”。这就是为什么他对“社区”这个词感到困扰。他不喜欢“社区”这个词的是它的“融合”和“认同”的内涵。“社区”的自我保护封闭与解构恰恰相反。
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引用次数: 3
3. Khôra: Being Serious with Plato 3.Khôra:认真对待柏拉图
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.1515/9780823290680-008
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引用次数: 0
Frontmatter
Pub Date : 2020-11-03 DOI: 10.1515/9780823290680-fm
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引用次数: 0
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Deconstruction in a Nutshell
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