Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-013
Cory Crawford
As a subtype of the broader question of what we might term artistic synaesthesia – in which the consonance and dissonance of verbal, visual, aural, haptic, and even olfactory modes of expression are constantly explored and challenged in their boundaries – ekphrasis and physiognomy provide occasion to think specifically about speech (or script) and sight in ancient practices of (re)presentation. Well known as it is in the study of classical and postclassical literature and its relation to the visual arts, modern discourse about ekphrasis makes its way into the study of the ancient Near East rarely, even less in the study of Northwest Semitic traditions. As we shall see, however, this is not because of the lack of relevant phenomena, but perhaps rather because of the lack of explicit theoretical discourse in the sources themselves. This should not preclude the investigation of ekphrasis or ekphrastic practices any more than the relatively late articulation of ekphrasis as a rhetorical strategy in the Progymnasmata should prevent the admission of Homeric evidence for such practices. Rather, the emergence of ekphrasis in the Second Sophistic and its many subsequent iterations have galvanized modern discourse on the verbal and visual arts in a way that heuristically provides a vocabulary for exploring and attending to the ways ancient authors and artists navigated the constraints of their art. Similarly, these questions are worth our attention even for earlier times and different places because of their potential for elucidating different configurations of the relation between the two. Indeed, this volume has provided the means for thinking about the transformation and sublimation of the visual in the literal in ancient Mesopotamia, and I wish here to extend the discussion to consider some ways in which the Northwest Semitic world demonstrates that, even without an explicit technical vocabulary or discourse, Levantine authors and artists were impelled “to breach the supposed boundaries between temporal and spatial arts.”1 If we define ekphrasis with most modern scholarship primarily (and roughly) as words about art objects (real or otherwise), Northwest Semitic examples of the Bronze and Iron Ages are easy to produce.2 What we do not find is any kind of explicit
{"title":"12. The question of ekphrasis in ancient Levantine narrative","authors":"Cory Crawford","doi":"10.1515/9783110642698-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110642698-013","url":null,"abstract":"As a subtype of the broader question of what we might term artistic synaesthesia – in which the consonance and dissonance of verbal, visual, aural, haptic, and even olfactory modes of expression are constantly explored and challenged in their boundaries – ekphrasis and physiognomy provide occasion to think specifically about speech (or script) and sight in ancient practices of (re)presentation. Well known as it is in the study of classical and postclassical literature and its relation to the visual arts, modern discourse about ekphrasis makes its way into the study of the ancient Near East rarely, even less in the study of Northwest Semitic traditions. As we shall see, however, this is not because of the lack of relevant phenomena, but perhaps rather because of the lack of explicit theoretical discourse in the sources themselves. This should not preclude the investigation of ekphrasis or ekphrastic practices any more than the relatively late articulation of ekphrasis as a rhetorical strategy in the Progymnasmata should prevent the admission of Homeric evidence for such practices. Rather, the emergence of ekphrasis in the Second Sophistic and its many subsequent iterations have galvanized modern discourse on the verbal and visual arts in a way that heuristically provides a vocabulary for exploring and attending to the ways ancient authors and artists navigated the constraints of their art. Similarly, these questions are worth our attention even for earlier times and different places because of their potential for elucidating different configurations of the relation between the two. Indeed, this volume has provided the means for thinking about the transformation and sublimation of the visual in the literal in ancient Mesopotamia, and I wish here to extend the discussion to consider some ways in which the Northwest Semitic world demonstrates that, even without an explicit technical vocabulary or discourse, Levantine authors and artists were impelled “to breach the supposed boundaries between temporal and spatial arts.”1 If we define ekphrasis with most modern scholarship primarily (and roughly) as words about art objects (real or otherwise), Northwest Semitic examples of the Bronze and Iron Ages are easy to produce.2 What we do not find is any kind of explicit","PeriodicalId":267123,"journal":{"name":"Visualizing the invisible with the human body","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114676126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-014
{"title":"13. Physiognomy as a secret for the king. The chapter on physiognomy in the pseudo-Aristotelian “Secret of Secrets”","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110642698-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110642698-014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":267123,"journal":{"name":"Visualizing the invisible with the human body","volume":"60 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133228367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-003
K. Zysk
on The
在
{"title":"2. Mesopotamian and Indian physiognomy","authors":"K. Zysk","doi":"10.1515/9783110642698-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110642698-003","url":null,"abstract":"on The","PeriodicalId":267123,"journal":{"name":"Visualizing the invisible with the human body","volume":"343 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115674640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-009
L. Marcucci
{"title":"8. Physiognomic roots in the rhetoric of Cicero and Quintilian: The application and transformation of traditional physiognomics","authors":"L. Marcucci","doi":"10.1515/9783110642698-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110642698-009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":267123,"journal":{"name":"Visualizing the invisible with the human body","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126292257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-016
{"title":"15. A lost Greek text on physiognomy by Archelaos of Alexandria in Arabic translation transmitted by Ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Dimashqī: An edition and translation of the fragments with glossaries of the Greek, Syriac, and Arabic traditions","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110642698-016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110642698-016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":267123,"journal":{"name":"Visualizing the invisible with the human body","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125098222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-017
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110642698-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110642698-017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":267123,"journal":{"name":"Visualizing the invisible with the human body","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132046930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-004
S. Salin
: The aim of the present study is to analyse the different types of texts in which the Assyro-Babylonian word umṣatu is attested. It probably denotes a skin mark and/or lesion, generally occurring on different parts of the body (of men, women, and sometimes also newborn children). This term is present not only in omen texts (physiognomic, teratologic, and terrestrial), but also in medical texts (both diagnostic and therapeutic). By analysing them, the present article will propose a more detailed interpretation of the word, so as to obtain a clearer idea of the type of skin problem indicated by umṣatu.
{"title":"3. Umṣatu in omen and medical texts: An overview","authors":"S. Salin","doi":"10.1515/9783110642698-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110642698-004","url":null,"abstract":": The aim of the present study is to analyse the different types of texts in which the Assyro-Babylonian word umṣatu is attested. It probably denotes a skin mark and/or lesion, generally occurring on different parts of the body (of men, women, and sometimes also newborn children). This term is present not only in omen texts (physiognomic, teratologic, and terrestrial), but also in medical texts (both diagnostic and therapeutic). By analysing them, the present article will propose a more detailed interpretation of the word, so as to obtain a clearer idea of the type of skin problem indicated by umṣatu.","PeriodicalId":267123,"journal":{"name":"Visualizing the invisible with the human body","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133663733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-002
J. C. Johnson, C. Johnson
: In its original Graeco-Roman context, the term ekphrasis ( ex- ‘out’ + phrazein ‘to explain’) was quickly narrowed down to its usual present-day definition, as “a vivid description of a work of art,” 1 but in this contribution I argue that older definitions involving vividness and emotional involvement with the object of description are ideally suited for an extension of the concept to Mesopotamian literary practice. Vividness can already be identified, obliquely, in Irene Winter’s contrast between Western “representation” as opposed to Mesopotamian “manifestation,” where manifestation necessarily involves direct interaction between a worshiper or ritual specialist and the statue that acts in the stead of the king. I argue here that this kind of vividness can be redefined, in largely formal terms, as a rhetorical practice in which a typically third person description (aka “representation”) is altered so as to give the impression of first or second person direct partici-pation (aka “manifestation”). In Mesopotamia this rhetorical phenomenon is most clearly visible in the so-called Tigi Hymns, particularly when a votive object is directly addressed in the second person (and the ritual contextualization of these acts of direct address in well-defined sections of the hymnic genre). catalogue of ekphrastic descriptions in Classical Sumerian literature. … through a process of ritual transformation the material form was animated, the representation not standing for but actually manifesting the presence of the subject represented. The image was then indeed empowered to speak, or to see, or to act, through various culturally-subscribed channels. … The rituals of consecration, installation, and maintenance that differentiate Mesopotamian (and other) “manifestations” from European (and other) “representations” further intensify three simul-taneous representational identities cited above, and underscore the absolute aspect of the image. 8
在最初的希腊-罗马语境中，术语ekphrasis (ex- ' out ' + phrazein ' to explain ')很快被缩小到它现在通常的定义，即“对艺术作品的生动描述”，但在这篇文章中，我认为，涉及对描述对象的生动和情感参与的旧定义非常适合将这一概念扩展到美索不达米亚的文学实践。在艾琳·温特(Irene Winter)对比西方的“表现”和美索不达米亚的“表现”中，生动性已经可以被间接地识别出来，在美索不达米亚的“表现”中，表现必然涉及崇拜者或仪式专家与代替国王的雕像之间的直接互动。在这里，我认为这种生动可以被重新定义，在很大程度上是正式的术语，作为一种修辞实践，在这种实践中，典型的第三人称描述(又名“代表”)被改变，从而给人一种第一或第二人称直接参与(又名“表现”)的印象。在美索不达米亚，这种修辞现象在所谓的Tigi赞美诗中最为明显，特别是当一个祈愿的对象被直接以第二人称称呼时(以及这些直接称呼行为在明确定义的赞美诗流派部分的仪式语境化)。古典苏美尔文学中的语言描述目录。通过仪式转化的过程，物质形式被激活了，这种表现不是代表而是实际上表现了被表现主体的存在。通过各种文化订阅的渠道，图像确实被赋予了说话、观看或行动的权力。将美索不达米亚(和其他)“表现”与欧洲(和其他)“表征”区分开来的献祭、安装和维护仪式进一步强化了上述三个同时存在的表征身份，并强调了图像的绝对方面。8
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Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-fm
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110642698-fm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110642698-fm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":267123,"journal":{"name":"Visualizing the invisible with the human body","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128547592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.1515/9783110642698-001
Alessandro Stavru
{"title":"Introduction to “Visualizing the invisible with the human body: Physiognomy and ekphrasis in the ancient world”","authors":"Alessandro Stavru","doi":"10.1515/9783110642698-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110642698-001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":267123,"journal":{"name":"Visualizing the invisible with the human body","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127031434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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