This paper discusses the development of a ReSTful Web Service platform for serving Mixed Reality content at Nokia Research Center. The paper gives an overview of the Mixed Reality domain, the requirements for the platform and its implementation. We further outline a method for developing resource oriented web services, beginning with high-level requirements, formalizing them as UML models and refining them to a ReSTful API specification. The approach is demonstrated with detailed examples of designing one particular API subset for Mixed Reality annotations.
本文讨论了为诺基亚研究中心提供混合现实内容服务的ReSTful Web Service平台的开发。本文概述了混合现实领域、平台的要求及其实现。我们进一步概述了开发面向资源的web服务的方法，从高级需求开始，将它们形式化为UML模型，并将它们细化为ReSTful API规范。通过为混合现实注释设计一个特定API子集的详细示例演示了该方法。
{"title":"Developing a ReSTful mixed reality web service platform","authors":"Petri Selonen, P. Belimpasakis, Yu You","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798387","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the development of a ReSTful Web Service platform for serving Mixed Reality content at Nokia Research Center. The paper gives an overview of the Mixed Reality domain, the requirements for the platform and its implementation. We further outline a method for developing resource oriented web services, beginning with high-level requirements, formalizing them as UML models and refining them to a ReSTful API specification. The approach is demonstrated with detailed examples of designing one particular API subset for Mixed Reality annotations.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133759272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we introduce a practical approach to share the user interface of MVC compatible interactive applications with remote devices that have the ability to adapt the user interface to their specific look and feel. We present the system architecture and the methodology to model the user interface as a set of RESTful resources. The remote user interface and the application state are synchronized using an Web-based event-driven system.
{"title":"A RESTful architecture for adaptive and multi-device application sharing","authors":"Vlad Stirbu","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798388","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we introduce a practical approach to share the user interface of MVC compatible interactive applications with remote devices that have the ability to adapt the user interface to their specific look and feel. We present the system architecture and the methodology to model the user interface as a set of RESTful resources. The remote user interface and the application state are synchronized using an Web-based event-driven system.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116746250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Although desktop developers often have trouble consciously understanding RESTful concepts like "hypermedia as the engine of application state", this does not prevent them from intuitively understanding client-side tools based on these concepts. However, I encountered unexpected developer resistance after implementing a security protocol I and other web developers had thought uncontroversial: the most common mechanism for authorizing OAuth request tokens.
{"title":"Developers enjoy hypermedia, but may resist browser-based OAuth authorization","authors":"L. Richardson","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798377","url":null,"abstract":"Although desktop developers often have trouble consciously understanding RESTful concepts like \"hypermedia as the engine of application state\", this does not prevent them from intuitively understanding client-side tools based on these concepts. However, I encountered unexpected developer resistance after implementing a security protocol I and other web developers had thought uncontroversial: the most common mechanism for authorizing OAuth request tokens.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124753313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Savas Parastatidis, J. Webber, Guilherme Silveira, Ian S. Robinson
This paper discusses the role of the REpresentational State Transfer (REST) architectural style in the development of distributed applications. It also gives an overview of how RESTful implementations of distributed business processes and structures can be supported by a framework such as Restfulie.
本文讨论了REpresentational State Transfer (REST)架构风格在分布式应用程序开发中的作用。它还概述了分布式业务流程和结构的RESTful实现如何得到Restfulie等框架的支持。
{"title":"The role of hypermedia in distributed system development","authors":"Savas Parastatidis, J. Webber, Guilherme Silveira, Ian S. Robinson","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798379","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the role of the REpresentational State Transfer (REST) architectural style in the development of distributed applications. It also gives an overview of how RESTful implementations of distributed business processes and structures can be supported by a framework such as Restfulie.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125253784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we describe issues encountered in designing and implementing a set of RESTful services to extend and replace web services that have been in commercial use since 1998. Applicability of REST to the service requirements, suitability of available tools, and interoperability between multiple clients and servers are discussed.
{"title":"Replacing legacy web services with RESTful services","authors":"C. Engelke, Craig Fitzgerald","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798381","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we describe issues encountered in designing and implementing a set of RESTful services to extend and replace web services that have been in commercial use since 1998. Applicability of REST to the service requirements, suitability of available tools, and interoperability between multiple clients and servers are discussed.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114297628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hadley, Santiago M. Pericás-Geertsen, P. Sandoz
The REST architectural style, as defined by Roy Fielding in his thesis [3], is characterized by four constraints: (i) identification of resources (ii) manipulation of resources through representations (iii) self-descriptive messages and (iv) hyper-media as the engine of application state. It is constraint (iv), hypermedia as the engine of application state or HATEOAS for short, that is the least understood and the focus of this paper. HATEOAS refers to the use of hyperlinks in resource representations as a way of navigating the state machine of an application.
Roy Fielding在他的论文[3]中定义的REST架构风格的特点是四个约束:(i)资源的识别(ii)通过表示对资源的操作(iii)自描述消息和(iv)作为应用程序状态引擎的超媒体。约束(iv)，超媒体作为应用状态的引擎，简称HATEOAS，是本文理解最少的，也是本文关注的重点。HATEOAS指的是在资源表示中使用超链接作为导航应用程序状态机的一种方式。
{"title":"Exploring hypermedia support in Jersey","authors":"M. Hadley, Santiago M. Pericás-Geertsen, P. Sandoz","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798378","url":null,"abstract":"The REST architectural style, as defined by Roy Fielding in his thesis [3], is characterized by four constraints: (i) identification of resources (ii) manipulation of resources through representations (iii) self-descriptive messages and (iv) hyper-media as the engine of application state. It is constraint (iv), hypermedia as the engine of application state or HATEOAS for short, that is the least understood and the focus of this paper. HATEOAS refers to the use of hyperlinks in resource representations as a way of navigating the state machine of an application.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127744155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gateway caches are intermediary components for reducing demands on destination servers, and therefore operational costs of a system. At scale, particularly with the advent of on-demand infrastructures such as EC2, etc., maximising cache efficiency translates into cost efficiency, resulting in a competitive advantage. In this position paper, we initially discuss advantages and limitations of HTTP caching mechanisms. We then propose to use HTTP Link: headers to maximise the efficiency of gateway (or reverse proxy) caching mechanisms and discuss early findings.
{"title":"Using HTTP link: header for gateway cache invalidation","authors":"M. Kelly, M. Hausenblas","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798380","url":null,"abstract":"Gateway caches are intermediary components for reducing demands on destination servers, and therefore operational costs of a system. At scale, particularly with the advent of on-demand infrastructures such as EC2, etc., maximising cache efficiency translates into cost efficiency, resulting in a competitive advantage. In this position paper, we initially discuss advantages and limitations of HTTP caching mechanisms. We then propose to use HTTP Link: headers to maximise the efficiency of gateway (or reverse proxy) caching mechanisms and discuss early findings.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122642343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traditionally, distributed computing problems have been solved by partitioning data into chunks small enough to be handled by commodity hardware. However, such partitioning is not possible in cases where there are a high number of dependencies or high dimensionality, such as in reasoning and expert systems, rendering such problems less tractable for distributed systems. By instead partitioning the problem, rather than the data, we can achieve a more general application of distributed computing. Partitioning the problem rather than the data may require tighter communication between members of the network, even though many networks can only be assumed to be weakly-connected. We believe that a decentralized implementation of propagator networks may resolve the problem. By placing several constraints on the merging of data transmitted over the network, we can easily synchronize information and achieve eventual convergence without implementing mechanisms needed for serialization. To this end, we present the design of a RESTful messaging mechanism, currently in the process of being implemented, that allows distributed propagator networks to be created, using mechanisms that result in eventual convergence of knowledge across a weakly-connected network. By utilizing a RESTful design of the mechanism, we can also achieve a reduction of bandwidth usage during synchronization through the use of caching.
{"title":"A RESTful messaging system for asynchronous distributed processing","authors":"Ian Jacobi, Alexey Radul","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798385","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, distributed computing problems have been solved by partitioning data into chunks small enough to be handled by commodity hardware. However, such partitioning is not possible in cases where there are a high number of dependencies or high dimensionality, such as in reasoning and expert systems, rendering such problems less tractable for distributed systems. By instead partitioning the problem, rather than the data, we can achieve a more general application of distributed computing.\u0000 Partitioning the problem rather than the data may require tighter communication between members of the network, even though many networks can only be assumed to be weakly-connected. We believe that a decentralized implementation of propagator networks may resolve the problem. By placing several constraints on the merging of data transmitted over the network, we can easily synchronize information and achieve eventual convergence without implementing mechanisms needed for serialization.\u0000 To this end, we present the design of a RESTful messaging mechanism, currently in the process of being implemented, that allows distributed propagator networks to be created, using mechanisms that result in eventual convergence of knowledge across a weakly-connected network. By utilizing a RESTful design of the mechanism, we can also achieve a reduction of bandwidth usage during synchronization through the use of caching.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127477492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past few years, the discussion between the two major architectural styles for designing and implementing Web services, the RPC-oriented approach and the resource-oriented approach, has been mainly held outside of traditional research communities. Mailing lists, forums and developer communities have seen long and fascinating debates around the assumptions, strengths, and weaknesses of these two approaches. The First International Workshop on RESTful Design (WS-REST 2010) has the goal of getting more researchers involved in the debate by providing a forum where discussions around the resource-oriented style of Web services design take place. Representational State Transfer (REST) is an architectural style and as such can be applied in different ways, can be extended by additional constraints, or can be specialized with more specific interaction patterns. WS-REST is the premier forum for discussing research ideas, novel applications and results centered around REST at the World Wide Web conference, which provides a great setting to host this first edition of the workshop dedicated to research on the architectural style underlying the Web.
在过去几年中，设计和实现Web服务的两种主要体系结构风格(面向rpc的方法和面向资源的方法)之间的讨论主要在传统研究社区之外进行。邮件列表、论坛和开发人员社区对这两种方法的假设、优缺点进行了长期而有趣的辩论。第一届基于rest的设计国际研讨会(WS-REST 2010)的目标是通过提供一个围绕面向资源的Web服务设计风格进行讨论的论坛，让更多的研究人员参与到讨论中来。具象状态传输(Representational State Transfer, REST)是一种架构风格，因此可以以不同的方式应用，可以通过附加约束进行扩展，或者可以使用更具体的交互模式进行专门化。WS-REST是在万维网会议上讨论以REST为中心的研究思想、新应用程序和结果的主要论坛，它为举办致力于研究Web底层架构风格的研讨会的第一版提供了良好的环境。
{"title":"First International Workshop on RESTful Design (WS-REST 2010)","authors":"C. Pautasso, Erik Wilde, A. Marinos","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798375","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, the discussion between the two major architectural styles for designing and implementing Web services, the RPC-oriented approach and the resource-oriented approach, has been mainly held outside of traditional research communities. Mailing lists, forums and developer communities have seen long and fascinating debates around the assumptions, strengths, and weaknesses of these two approaches. The First International Workshop on RESTful Design (WS-REST 2010) has the goal of getting more researchers involved in the debate by providing a forum where discussions around the resource-oriented style of Web services design take place. Representational State Transfer (REST) is an architectural style and as such can be applied in different ways, can be extended by additional constraints, or can be specialized with more specific interaction patterns. WS-REST is the premier forum for discussing research ideas, novel applications and results centered around REST at the World Wide Web conference, which provides a great setting to host this first edition of the workshop dedicated to research on the architectural style underlying the Web.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126116241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article a formal model applying REST architectural principles to the description of semantic web services is introduced, including the discussion of its syntax and operational semantics. RESTful semantic resources are described using the concept of tuple spaces being manipulated by HTTP methods that are related to classical tuple space operations. On the other hand, RESTful resources creation, destruction and other dynamic aspects of distributed HTTP computations involving coordination between HTTP agents and services are modeled using process calculus style named channels and message passing mechanisms. The resulting model allows for a complete and rigorous description of resource based web systems, where agents taking part in a computation publish data encoded according to semantic standards through public triple repositories identified by well known URIs. The model can be used to describe complex interaction scenarios where coordination and composition of resources are required. One of such scenarios taken from the literature about web services choreography is analyzed from the point of view of the proposed model. Finally, possible extensions to the formalism, such as the inclusion of a description logics based type system associated to the semantic resources or possible extensions to HTTP operations are briefly explored.
{"title":"A formal definition of RESTful semantic web services","authors":"Antonio Garrote Hernández, M. García","doi":"10.1145/1798354.1798384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/1798354.1798384","url":null,"abstract":"In this article a formal model applying REST architectural principles to the description of semantic web services is introduced, including the discussion of its syntax and operational semantics. RESTful semantic resources are described using the concept of tuple spaces being manipulated by HTTP methods that are related to classical tuple space operations. On the other hand, RESTful resources creation, destruction and other dynamic aspects of distributed HTTP computations involving coordination between HTTP agents and services are modeled using process calculus style named channels and message passing mechanisms.\u0000 The resulting model allows for a complete and rigorous description of resource based web systems, where agents taking part in a computation publish data encoded according to semantic standards through public triple repositories identified by well known URIs. The model can be used to describe complex interaction scenarios where coordination and composition of resources are required. One of such scenarios taken from the literature about web services choreography is analyzed from the point of view of the proposed model. Finally, possible extensions to the formalism, such as the inclusion of a description logics based type system associated to the semantic resources or possible extensions to HTTP operations are briefly explored.","PeriodicalId":268294,"journal":{"name":"International Workshop on RESTful Design","volume":" 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113950957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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