Pub Date : 2018-10-04DOI: 10.5871/bacad/9780197266373.003.0002
Jan O. Jonsson
This chapter provides a context to the integration of children of immigrants and their families by outlining key characteristics of our four survey countries, England, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden. For many immigrants, these countries are arguably very similar: affluent, safe, modern, democratic and predominantly secular. There are however differences: For example, the Netherlands and Sweden appear to be more ‘child friendly’, and Sweden has more ‘immigrant-friendly’ policies and shows less immigrant-sceptic popular attitudes, while England hosts more highly qualified immigrants. A substantial difference between our four countries lies in the composition of the immigrant population, with large heterogeneity in arriving groups (for example, in their human capital and host country language skills) and their reasons for migrating (labour migrants or refugees). In perspective of such differences, it is a challenge to assign inter-country differences in immigrant integration to receiving countries' differences in policy or other characteristics.
{"title":"Immigration and Integration: Key Characteristics of Host Countries and their Immigrants","authors":"Jan O. Jonsson","doi":"10.5871/bacad/9780197266373.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266373.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a context to the integration of children of immigrants and their families by outlining key characteristics of our four survey countries, England, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden. For many immigrants, these countries are arguably very similar: affluent, safe, modern, democratic and predominantly secular. There are however differences: For example, the Netherlands and Sweden appear to be more ‘child friendly’, and Sweden has more ‘immigrant-friendly’ policies and shows less immigrant-sceptic popular attitudes, while England hosts more highly qualified immigrants. A substantial difference between our four countries lies in the composition of the immigrant population, with large heterogeneity in arriving groups (for example, in their human capital and host country language skills) and their reasons for migrating (labour migrants or refugees). In perspective of such differences, it is a challenge to assign inter-country differences in immigrant integration to receiving countries' differences in policy or other characteristics.","PeriodicalId":269920,"journal":{"name":"Growing up in Diverse Societies","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127184253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-04DOI: 10.5871/bacad/9780197266373.003.0012
Irena Kogan
This chapter explores how sexual liberalisation values differ between young people with an immigrant background and their majority peers in Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands and England. It focuses in particular on cultural aspects of immigrant integration, including acculturative change associated with immigrant generations, as well as youth’s varying ethno-cultural heritages and religious affiliations. Analyses document the tendency to more-conservative attitudes among minorities with a more traditional background, in terms of both religious affiliation and country of origin. That cultural imprints are resilient towards acculturative tendencies is also sustained by our findings of no significant differences between first- and second-generation immigrants. Consistently across all four CILS4EU countries, the more religious individuals displayed lower levels of sexual liberalism, other things being equal. Parents are proved to be influential in young people’s value formation, with the congruence of values between parents and children being significantly stronger in more-religious families. Finally, the study highlights the assimilative role of interethnic mixing in terms of either intermarriages or young people’s interethnic friendship ties.
{"title":"Ethnic Minority Youth at the Crossroads: Between Traditionalism and Liberal Value Orientations","authors":"Irena Kogan","doi":"10.5871/bacad/9780197266373.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266373.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores how sexual liberalisation values differ between young people with an immigrant background and their majority peers in Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands and England. It focuses in particular on cultural aspects of immigrant integration, including acculturative change associated with immigrant generations, as well as youth’s varying ethno-cultural heritages and religious affiliations. Analyses document the tendency to more-conservative attitudes among minorities with a more traditional background, in terms of both religious affiliation and country of origin. That cultural imprints are resilient towards acculturative tendencies is also sustained by our findings of no significant differences between first- and second-generation immigrants. Consistently across all four CILS4EU countries, the more religious individuals displayed lower levels of sexual liberalism, other things being equal. Parents are proved to be influential in young people’s value formation, with the congruence of values between parents and children being significantly stronger in more-religious families. Finally, the study highlights the assimilative role of interethnic mixing in terms of either intermarriages or young people’s interethnic friendship ties.","PeriodicalId":269920,"journal":{"name":"Growing up in Diverse Societies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127932527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-04DOI: 10.5871/bacad/9780197266373.003.0006
M. Kalmijn
This chapter examines differences in the families of ethnic minority and majority youth in four European countries (England, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden). The focus is on the degree to which the father is absent, as indicated by family structure and the strength of the father–child tie. To explain differences, we use three perspectives: a migration perspective, an economic perspective and a cultural perspective. Considerable heterogeneity is observed: some groups have much higher levels of father absence than the majority (sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean and Latin America), whereas others have somewhat lower levels of father absence (Middle East, North Africa, South Asia). Cultural explanations partly explain the lower prevalence of father absence in some groups while suppressing the higher prevalence of father absence in other groups. Economic disadvantage, in contrast, partly explains the higher prevalence of father absence in some groups while suppressing the lower prevalence of father absence in others.
{"title":"Family Structure and Father Absence among Immigrant Children: The Role of Migration, Religion and Inequality","authors":"M. Kalmijn","doi":"10.5871/bacad/9780197266373.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266373.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines differences in the families of ethnic minority and majority youth in four European countries (England, Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden). The focus is on the degree to which the father is absent, as indicated by family structure and the strength of the father–child tie. To explain differences, we use three perspectives: a migration perspective, an economic perspective and a cultural perspective. Considerable heterogeneity is observed: some groups have much higher levels of father absence than the majority (sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean and Latin America), whereas others have somewhat lower levels of father absence (Middle East, North Africa, South Asia). Cultural explanations partly explain the lower prevalence of father absence in some groups while suppressing the higher prevalence of father absence in other groups. Economic disadvantage, in contrast, partly explains the higher prevalence of father absence in some groups while suppressing the lower prevalence of father absence in others.","PeriodicalId":269920,"journal":{"name":"Growing up in Diverse Societies","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127278805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-04DOI: 10.5871/BACAD/9780197266373.003.0013
Clemens Kroneberg
This chapter examines inter-ethnic differences in juvenile delinquency in the four CILS4EU countries. I employ a finer-grained and more comparable breakdown by generational status and ethnic origin than previous research. Although in some countries certain generations and groups exhibit greater prevalence rates, there is no general pattern of intergenerational differences and most group differences are statistically insignificant. The most consistent finding is the greater prevalence of high offending among minority boys in all four countries. With the exception of England, this pattern is largely due to differences in students’ self-control, moral beliefs and routine activities. Finally, I examine how language use and majority-group friendships relate to delinquency among minority students. Results show that in all countries having more majority-group friends tends to be associated with lower rates of delinquency. This casts into doubt the idea that minority students’ integration into native peer cultures puts them at risk.
{"title":"Reconsidering the Immigration–Crime Nexus in Europe: Ethnic Differences in Juvenile Delinquency","authors":"Clemens Kroneberg","doi":"10.5871/BACAD/9780197266373.003.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5871/BACAD/9780197266373.003.0013","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines inter-ethnic differences in juvenile delinquency in the four CILS4EU countries. I employ a finer-grained and more comparable breakdown by generational status and ethnic origin than previous research. Although in some countries certain generations and groups exhibit greater prevalence rates, there is no general pattern of intergenerational differences and most group differences are statistically insignificant. The most consistent finding is the greater prevalence of high offending among minority boys in all four countries. With the exception of England, this pattern is largely due to differences in students’ self-control, moral beliefs and routine activities. Finally, I examine how language use and majority-group friendships relate to delinquency among minority students. Results show that in all countries having more majority-group friends tends to be associated with lower rates of delinquency. This casts into doubt the idea that minority students’ integration into native peer cultures puts them at risk.","PeriodicalId":269920,"journal":{"name":"Growing up in Diverse Societies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130627854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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