T. Joshi, Hrishikesh Gossain, C. Cordeiro, D. Agrawal
In this paper we propose a novel three phase route recovery mechanism for routing over switched single beam directional antennas. We enhance the popular dynamic source routing (DSR) protocol to the underlying directional layer and include an improved broadcast mechanism to facilitate an efficient route discovery. In the event of a link failure, our optimized directional routing protocol (DRP) proceeds in three phases to recover the route to the destination: (i) antenna beam handoff (ii) local route recovery and (iii) zonal route recovery. We have compared the performance of DRP with the DSR protocol over both omnidirectional and directional antenna models in conditions of varying network mobility. Our results clearly indicate that DRP is robust to link failures even in highly mobile scenarios.
{"title":"Route recovery mechanisms for ad hoc networks equipped with switched single beam antennas","authors":"T. Joshi, Hrishikesh Gossain, C. Cordeiro, D. Agrawal","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.39","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we propose a novel three phase route recovery mechanism for routing over switched single beam directional antennas. We enhance the popular dynamic source routing (DSR) protocol to the underlying directional layer and include an improved broadcast mechanism to facilitate an efficient route discovery. In the event of a link failure, our optimized directional routing protocol (DRP) proceeds in three phases to recover the route to the destination: (i) antenna beam handoff (ii) local route recovery and (iii) zonal route recovery. We have compared the performance of DRP with the DSR protocol over both omnidirectional and directional antenna models in conditions of varying network mobility. Our results clearly indicate that DRP is robust to link failures even in highly mobile scenarios.","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131102182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Sobeih, Wei-Peng Chen, J. Hou, Lu-Chuan Kung, Ning Li, Hyuk Lim, Hung-Ying Tyan, Honghai Zhang
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained considerable attention in the past few years. As such, there has been an increasing need for defining and developing simulation frameworks for carrying out high-fidelity WSN simulation. In this paper, the authors presented a modeling and simulation framework for WSNs in J-Sim - an open-source, component-based compositional network simulation environment that is developed entirely in Java. This framework is built upon the autonomous component architecture (ACA) and the extensible internetworking framework (INET) of J-Sim, and provides an object-oriented definition of (i) target, sensor and sink nodes, (ii) sensor and wireless communication channels, and (iii) physical media such as seismic channels, mobility model and power model (both energy-producing and energy-consuming components). Application-specific models can be defined by sub-classing classes in the simulation framework and customizing their behaviors. The use of the proposed WSN simulation framework was demonstrated by implementing several well-known localization, geographic routing, and directed diffusion protocols. In addition, performance comparisons were performed (in terms of execution time incurred, and the memory used) in simulating several typical WSN scenarios in J-Sim and ns-2. The simulation study indicates that the proposed WSN simulation framework in J-Sim is much more scalable than ns-2 (especially in memory usage).
{"title":"J-Sim: a simulation environment for wireless sensor networks","authors":"Ahmed Sobeih, Wei-Peng Chen, J. Hou, Lu-Chuan Kung, Ning Li, Hyuk Lim, Hung-Ying Tyan, Honghai Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.27","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained considerable attention in the past few years. As such, there has been an increasing need for defining and developing simulation frameworks for carrying out high-fidelity WSN simulation. In this paper, the authors presented a modeling and simulation framework for WSNs in J-Sim - an open-source, component-based compositional network simulation environment that is developed entirely in Java. This framework is built upon the autonomous component architecture (ACA) and the extensible internetworking framework (INET) of J-Sim, and provides an object-oriented definition of (i) target, sensor and sink nodes, (ii) sensor and wireless communication channels, and (iii) physical media such as seismic channels, mobility model and power model (both energy-producing and energy-consuming components). Application-specific models can be defined by sub-classing classes in the simulation framework and customizing their behaviors. The use of the proposed WSN simulation framework was demonstrated by implementing several well-known localization, geographic routing, and directed diffusion protocols. In addition, performance comparisons were performed (in terms of execution time incurred, and the memory used) in simulating several typical WSN scenarios in J-Sim and ns-2. The simulation study indicates that the proposed WSN simulation framework in J-Sim is much more scalable than ns-2 (especially in memory usage).","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123698807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many scientific simulations are large programs which despite careful debugging and testing will probably contain errors when deployed to the Web for use. Based on the assumption that such scientific simulations do contain errors and the underlying computing systems do fail due to hardware or software errors, the authors investigate and explore robust methods for developing and deploying autonomic Web-based simulations(AWS) based on the vision of autonomic computing.
{"title":"Autonomic Web-based simulation","authors":"Yingping Huang, G. Madey","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.15","url":null,"abstract":"Many scientific simulations are large programs which despite careful debugging and testing will probably contain errors when deployed to the Web for use. Based on the assumption that such scientific simulations do contain errors and the underlying computing systems do fail due to hardware or software errors, the authors investigate and explore robust methods for developing and deploying autonomic Web-based simulations(AWS) based on the vision of autonomic computing.","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125131156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flight simulators have been part of aviation history since its beginning. With the development of modern aeronautics industry, flight simulators have gained an important place and the industry devoted to their manufacture has become significant. In the case of transportation aircraft, accurate mathematical models based on extensive experimental data have been developed by their manufacturers to optimize their aerodynamic and propulsive characteristics and to design efficient flight control systems. However, in the case of small general aviation aircraft this kind of knowledge is not commonly available and the design of accurate flight simulators can result in a tedious try and modify process until the simulator presents a qualitative behaviour close to the one of the real aircraft. This communication proposes through the use of neural networks a method to perform a direct estimation of the aerodynamic forces acting on aircraft. Artificial neural networks appear to be an appropriate numerical technique to achieve the mapping of these continuous relationships and detailed aerodynamics and thrust models should become no more mandatory to produce accurate flight simulation software.
{"title":"A neural approach for fast simulation of flight mechanics","authors":"G. Valmórbida, Wen-Chi Lu, F. Mora-Camino","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.8","url":null,"abstract":"Flight simulators have been part of aviation history since its beginning. With the development of modern aeronautics industry, flight simulators have gained an important place and the industry devoted to their manufacture has become significant. In the case of transportation aircraft, accurate mathematical models based on extensive experimental data have been developed by their manufacturers to optimize their aerodynamic and propulsive characteristics and to design efficient flight control systems. However, in the case of small general aviation aircraft this kind of knowledge is not commonly available and the design of accurate flight simulators can result in a tedious try and modify process until the simulator presents a qualitative behaviour close to the one of the real aircraft. This communication proposes through the use of neural networks a method to perform a direct estimation of the aerodynamic forces acting on aircraft. Artificial neural networks appear to be an appropriate numerical technique to achieve the mapping of these continuous relationships and detailed aerodynamics and thrust models should become no more mandatory to produce accurate flight simulation software.","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"39 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128267980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
HLA, a DoD high level architecture, is emerging as a standard platform for large-scale distributed interactive simulation systems. It mainly emphasizes on the reusability and interoperability of different simulation components. HLA was well designed and has been proved to have the ability to guarantee the desirable properties of reusability and the interoperability in distributed simulation systems from several aspects. However, HLA shows an apparent weaknesses when it comes to real-time simulation applications. Indeed, there are no specific rules provided with respect to real-time applications in HLA specifications. Therefore, there has not been any widely accepted real-time implementation specification for the HLA run-time infrastructure (HLA/RTI). In this paper, we propose a novel real-time RTI architecture which addresses the weakness of HLA/RTI in terms of real-time applications. We discuss our design and the implementation of our real-time RTI architecture with an emphasis on the real-time RTI end-system.
{"title":"A novel approach to real-time RTI based distributed simulation system","authors":"A. Boukerche, Kaiyuan Lu","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.9","url":null,"abstract":"HLA, a DoD high level architecture, is emerging as a standard platform for large-scale distributed interactive simulation systems. It mainly emphasizes on the reusability and interoperability of different simulation components. HLA was well designed and has been proved to have the ability to guarantee the desirable properties of reusability and the interoperability in distributed simulation systems from several aspects. However, HLA shows an apparent weaknesses when it comes to real-time simulation applications. Indeed, there are no specific rules provided with respect to real-time applications in HLA specifications. Therefore, there has not been any widely accepted real-time implementation specification for the HLA run-time infrastructure (HLA/RTI). In this paper, we propose a novel real-time RTI architecture which addresses the weakness of HLA/RTI in terms of real-time applications. We discuss our design and the implementation of our real-time RTI architecture with an emphasis on the real-time RTI end-system.","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133048903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kamara, Darren Davis, L. Ballard, Ryan Caudy, F. Monrose
We present a discrete-event network simulator, called Simnet, designed specifically for analyzing network-security protocols. The design and implementation is focused on simplicity of abstraction and extensibility. Moreover, its modular architecture allows operators to dynamically customize running simulations. To demonstrate its strengths we present cases studies that focus on examining security-centric problem domains. In particular, we present an analysis of worm propagation modeling for worms with varying target selection algorithms on topologies representing a few million hosts. Additionally, we examine the use of countermeasures such as aggregate congestion control as a defense against DDoS attacks, and present analysis for a variant called direct-pushback. Lastly, we provide an empirical analysis of the computational and bandwidth overhead induced by proposed security extensions to DNS. These experiments hopefully illustrate that Simnet is not only scalable and efficient, but provides a viable platform for prototyping and analyzing non-trivial security protocols - a task which we argue cannot be easily accomplished elsewhere.
{"title":"An extensible platform for evaluating security protocols","authors":"S. Kamara, Darren Davis, L. Ballard, Ryan Caudy, F. Monrose","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.11","url":null,"abstract":"We present a discrete-event network simulator, called Simnet, designed specifically for analyzing network-security protocols. The design and implementation is focused on simplicity of abstraction and extensibility. Moreover, its modular architecture allows operators to dynamically customize running simulations. To demonstrate its strengths we present cases studies that focus on examining security-centric problem domains. In particular, we present an analysis of worm propagation modeling for worms with varying target selection algorithms on topologies representing a few million hosts. Additionally, we examine the use of countermeasures such as aggregate congestion control as a defense against DDoS attacks, and present analysis for a variant called direct-pushback. Lastly, we provide an empirical analysis of the computational and bandwidth overhead induced by proposed security extensions to DNS. These experiments hopefully illustrate that Simnet is not only scalable and efficient, but provides a viable platform for prototyping and analyzing non-trivial security protocols - a task which we argue cannot be easily accomplished elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132669129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work presents a system architecture and effective co-verification methodologies for the IEEE 802.11a medium access control (MAC) layer/physical (PHY) layer implementation. The architecture modeling includes hardware/software partitioning of a total system based on timing measurements from the C/C++ and Verilog design, and analysis of real-time requirements specified in the standard. The system is built on an evaluation platform that contains a Xilinx Virtex-11 FPGA and an Altera Excalibur ARM922. The authors presented an approach that combines emulation and simulation for efficient debugging of the IEEE 802.11a wireless LAN using various verification technologies.
{"title":"Effective co-verification of IEEE 802.11a MAC/PHY combining emulation and simulation technology","authors":"Il-Gu Lee, Seungbeom Lee, Sin-Chong Park","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.19","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a system architecture and effective co-verification methodologies for the IEEE 802.11a medium access control (MAC) layer/physical (PHY) layer implementation. The architecture modeling includes hardware/software partitioning of a total system based on timing measurements from the C/C++ and Verilog design, and analysis of real-time requirements specified in the standard. The system is built on an evaluation platform that contains a Xilinx Virtex-11 FPGA and an Altera Excalibur ARM922. The authors presented an approach that combines emulation and simulation for efficient debugging of the IEEE 802.11a wireless LAN using various verification technologies.","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126521716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article intends to demonstrate the applicability and usefulness of virtual reality (VR) technology to support real-time systems (RTS) simulations, as a form to evaluate the correctness of such systems. The virtual reality simulation (VR-SIM), a tool which incorporates VR modeling resources, is presented. This tool offers support to simulate the behavior of RTS, checking the scheduling of processes and timing constraints. The main concepts of RTS, simulation and VR are presented, the VR-SIM architecture and functionality are described and a RTS example from the industrial area is specified and simulated. Aspects of design and implementation of the tool, following an object-oriented approach, are discussed.
{"title":"Simulation of real-time systems: an object-oriented approach supported by a virtual reality-based tool","authors":"T. Kirner, C. Kirner","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.41","url":null,"abstract":"This article intends to demonstrate the applicability and usefulness of virtual reality (VR) technology to support real-time systems (RTS) simulations, as a form to evaluate the correctness of such systems. The virtual reality simulation (VR-SIM), a tool which incorporates VR modeling resources, is presented. This tool offers support to simulate the behavior of RTS, checking the scheduling of processes and timing constraints. The main concepts of RTS, simulation and VR are presented, the VR-SIM architecture and functionality are described and a RTS example from the industrial area is specified and simulated. Aspects of design and implementation of the tool, following an object-oriented approach, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126241781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The high level architecture (HLA) is a standardized framework for distributed simulation that promotes reuse and interoperability of simulation components (federates). Federates are processes which communicate with each other in the simulation via the run time infrastructure (RTI). When running a large scale simulation over many nodes/workstations, some may get more workload than others. To run the simulation as efficiently as possible, the workload should be uniformly distributed over the nodes. Current RTI implementations are very static, and do not allow any load balancing. Load balancing of a HLA federation can be achieved by scheduling new federates on the node with least load and migrating executing federates from a highly loaded node to a lightly loaded node. Process migration has been a topic of research for many years, but not within the context of HLA. This paper focuses on process migration within the HLA framework.
{"title":"HLA federate migration","authors":"Gary S. H. Tan, Anders Persson, R. Ayani","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.25","url":null,"abstract":"The high level architecture (HLA) is a standardized framework for distributed simulation that promotes reuse and interoperability of simulation components (federates). Federates are processes which communicate with each other in the simulation via the run time infrastructure (RTI). When running a large scale simulation over many nodes/workstations, some may get more workload than others. To run the simulation as efficiently as possible, the workload should be uniformly distributed over the nodes. Current RTI implementations are very static, and do not allow any load balancing. Load balancing of a HLA federation can be achieved by scheduling new federates on the node with least load and migrating executing federates from a highly loaded node to a lightly loaded node. Process migration has been a topic of research for many years, but not within the context of HLA. This paper focuses on process migration within the HLA framework.","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126490754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobility of users significantly impacts performance of a mobile ad-hoc network. Most existing simulation tools offer only a few random mobility models, which poorly reflect user movements in outdoor scenarios. For example, they do not consider restrictions of a spatial environment. In this paper, we describe a comprehensive and extensible approach to model mobility of users in outdoor scenarios. It reflects the main factors that influence user movement: spatial environments, user travel decisions, and user movement dynamics. We identify model parameters and show how to set them for concrete scenarios. We provide a simulation environment implementing our approach. For concrete scenarios, the environment supports automatic derivation of some parameters from user position traces.
{"title":"Mobility modeling of outdoor scenarios for MANETs","authors":"I. Stepanov, P. Marrón, K. Rothermel","doi":"10.1109/ANSS.2005.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ANSS.2005.29","url":null,"abstract":"Mobility of users significantly impacts performance of a mobile ad-hoc network. Most existing simulation tools offer only a few random mobility models, which poorly reflect user movements in outdoor scenarios. For example, they do not consider restrictions of a spatial environment. In this paper, we describe a comprehensive and extensible approach to model mobility of users in outdoor scenarios. It reflects the main factors that influence user movement: spatial environments, user travel decisions, and user movement dynamics. We identify model parameters and show how to set them for concrete scenarios. We provide a simulation environment implementing our approach. For concrete scenarios, the environment supports automatic derivation of some parameters from user position traces.","PeriodicalId":270527,"journal":{"name":"38th Annual Simulation Symposium","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115280206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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