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Criminal Proceedings in Absentia: Reflections during the Special Military Operation 缺席刑事诉讼:特别军事行动期间的思考
Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-2-14-21
Sergey D. Militsin
The article discusses the features of absentee proceedings in criminal cases. The author substantiates the need and possibility of completing the preliminary investigation and sending the criminal case to court in the absence of the accused upon the occurrence of certain circumstances and conditions during a special military operation conducted by the Russian Federation.
文章讨论了刑事案件缺席诉讼的特点。作者证实了在俄罗斯联邦开展特别军事行动期间出现某些情况和条件时,在被告缺席的情况下完成初步调查并将刑事案件送交法院的必要性和可能性。
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引用次数: 0
National Security Authorities: Terminology Features 国家安全机构:术语特点
Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-2-22-28
V. V. Kudinov
The article is dedicated to relevant issues of legal act drafting in the security assurance sphere in the Russian Federation. The author shows some features of the development of the legal regulation in the activities of security authorities based on an analysis of regulations of our country. The use of “national security authority” and “security authority” terms in the Russian laws is shown in the historical development, from 1917 to the present day.
文章专门论述了俄罗斯联邦安全保障领域法律起草的相关问题。作者在分析我国法规的基础上,介绍了安全部门活动中法律规范发展的一些特点。俄罗斯法律中 "国家安全机关 "和 "安全机关 "用语的使用是根据从 1917 年至今的历史发展而确定的。
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引用次数: 0
On Some Aspects of Social Protection of Special Military Operation Participants 论特殊军事行动参与者社会保障的几个方面
Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-2-28-34
Sergey V. Trofimov
The article studies theoretical and practical issues of the legal regulation of social protection of Russian citizens taking part in military actions in the south-east of Ukraine within the framework of the special military operation. The author proves that there is a need for the immediate development of new and amendment of the existing provisions of tax laws that regulate the application of legal mechanisms of social support of special military operation participants and their family members. Attention is paid to the existing undervaluation of seriousness of the current position, gaps and discrepancies in regulations that govern issues of social protection of Russian citizens fighting to protect the interests of the Russian state.
文章研究了在特别军事行动框架内参加乌克兰东南部军事行动的俄罗斯公民社会保护法律调节的理论和实践问题。作者证明,有必要立即制定新的税法条款并对现有税法条款进行修订,以规范特别军事行动参与者及其家庭成员社会支持法律机制的应用。作者还指出了目前存在的低估现状严重性的问题,以及为保护俄罗斯国家利益而战斗的俄罗斯公民的社会保障问题的相关法规中存在的漏洞和差异。
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引用次数: 0
Legal and Organizational Determinants of the Structure of Military Ministries and Departments 军事部委结构的法律和组织决定因素
Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-2-35-40
Evgeny A. Glukhov
The article analyzes the regulatory regulation of the construction of federal state bodies, which provide for military service. It is noted that the structure of any military department should be derived from the functions performed by it and aimed at their optimal performance. Since it should dynamically change along with the development of military science, means and methods of warfare, it is not appropriate to fix the structure of military organizations in a nor-mative manner, at the same time it should be defined in order to clarify the powers of military structures in relations with other persons and the most optimal achievement of their goals.
文章分析了规定兵役的联邦国家机构建设的法规条例。文章指出,任何军事部门的结构都应从其履行的职能中衍生出来,并以其最佳表现为目标。由于军事组织的结构应随着军事科学、战争手段和方法的发展而动态变化,因此不宜以一种消极的方式固定军事组织的结构,同时应确定军事组织的结构,以明确军事组织在与其他人的关系中的权力,并以最佳方式实现其目标。
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引用次数: 0
Private Military Companies of the 21st Century as Mission-Oriented Corporations 21 世纪以使命为导向的私营军事公司
Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-2-2-6
Aleksey V. Barkov, Igor P. Petrash
The purpose of the article is to present evidence of the novelty of the structure of private military companies of the 21st century by exclusion of their prototype of the 11th to the 19th century and demonstration of testing of certain elements of the experimental legal regime in respect of such subjects within the framework of a working hypothesis, taking into account corporate law trends of the 21st century.
文章的目的是通过排除 11 至 19 世纪私营军事公司的原型,证明 21 世纪私营军事公司结构的新颖性,并在考虑到 21 世纪公司法趋势的前提下,在工作假设的框架内对有关此类主体的试验性法律制度的某些要素进行测试论证。
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引用次数: 0
Barrack Hooliganism (Art. 335 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). Article 1. On the History and Essence of the Issue 兵营流氓罪(《俄罗斯联邦刑法典》第 335 条)。第 1.问题的历史和本质
Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-2-7-13
Nikita A. Kolokolov
The author studies the concept of barrack hooliganism (abuse, bullying, hazing) understood as the aggregate of obviously illegal demonstrative attempts of some military servicemen to establish control over other military servicemen by applying mental, physical and sexual violence (shadow law). An in-depth study of this subject gives grounds to conclude that barrack hooliganism is not just a historical category but an international one.
作者研究了军营流氓行为(虐待、欺凌、欺侮)的概念,将其理解为一些军人通过使用精神、身体和性暴力(影子法律)对其他军人进行控制的明显非法示范企图的总和。对这一主题的深入研究使我们有理由得出这样的结论:军营流氓行为不仅是一个历史范畴,而且是一个国际范畴。
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引用次数: 0
On the Hills of Manchuria... 满洲山丘上...
Pub Date : 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-2-41-45
Maria I. Potekhina, Evgeny N. Yakovets
The article talks about diplomatic, economic and military measures on the part of the Russian Empire aimed at annexing new eastern lands, including Manchuria. The efforts of our country related to solving this problem are analyzed in historical retrospect. Special attention is paid to the construction of the Manchurian Railway (later the Chinese Eastern Railway), which passed through the specified province of China. The reasons that did not allow the annexation of Manchuria to the territory of our country at the time are analyzed. The significance of these events is assessed in the light of the current geopolitical situation in the world.
文章讲述了俄罗斯帝国为吞并包括满洲在内的东部新土地而采取的外交、经济和军事措施。文章回顾了历史,分析了我国为解决这一问题所做的努力。其中特别关注了穿越中国特定省份的满洲铁路(后来的中国东部铁路)的修建。分析了当时不允许将满洲并入我国领土的原因。根据当前世界地缘政治形势,对这些事件的意义进行了评估。
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引用次数: 0
To the Problem of Substantiating the Content and Demand for the Principle of Objectivity in the Logic of the Modern Military Law Science 论证现代军事法学逻辑中客观性原则的内涵与要求问题
Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-1-2-5
Sergey V. Ivaneev, Sergey P. Kocheshev
The article examines the problems of substantiating the content and relevance of the principle of objectivity of consideration as a necessary element in the argumentation and proof of truth in military legal science. The article emphasizes that in order to solve the most important problem of modern humanity — the problem of peace, the creation and improvement of democratic forms of society in the face of new challenges and threats from the collective West, not only new pedagogical methods and technologies are needed, new teaching methods based on distance learning and computer communication space, on the potential of interactive processes in groups of students, but also new forms of implementation of education itself: an eco-philosophical worldview and a modern picture of the world, the principles of humanism and human dimensions, the inclusion of the category and value of “life” in the education system, as well as the implementation of the process of socialization of conscripts based on the requirements of a new integrity, including socio-ecological guidelines.
文章探讨了作为军事法学论证和证明真理的必要因素的客观考虑原则的内容和相关性的证实问题。文章强调,为了解决现代人类最重要的问题--和平问题,以及在西方集体面临新挑战和新威胁的情况下建立和完善民主社会形式,不仅需要新的教学方法和技术、基于远程学习和计算机通信空间的新教学方法、基于学生群体互动过程潜力的新教学方法,而且还需要新的教育实施形式本身:生态哲学世界观和现代世界观、人文主义原则和以人为本、将 "生命 "的范畴和价值纳入教育体系,以及根据新的完整性要求(包括社会生态准则)实施应征者的社会化进程。
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引用次数: 0
Senior Courts Guarding the Rights and Legitimate Interests of Military Servicemen: A Direct Reminder of Article 37 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Directly Applicable Law 维护军人权利和合法利益的高级法院:直接适用法律《俄罗斯联邦宪法》第 37 条的直接提醒
Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-1-38-45
Nikita A. Kolokolov
The article analyzes the recent practices of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the Judicial Chamber on Cases of Military Servicemen of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. The focus is on the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of specific servicemen who were illegally convicted and/or deprived of the right to appropriate monetary remuneration based on the decisions of military courts. The analysis includes specific examples.
文章分析了俄罗斯联邦宪法法院和俄罗斯联邦最高法院军人案件审判庭近期的做法。重点是保护根据军事法院判决被非法定罪和/或被剥夺适当金钱报酬权的特定军人的权利和合法利益。分析包括具体实例。
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引用次数: 0
Special Military Operation: Legal Problems 特别军事行动:法律问题
Pub Date : 2024-01-25 DOI: 10.18572/2070-2108-2024-1-6-10
Vladimir A. Vinokurov
In the article, through the prism of constitutional norms and norms of the Federal Constitutional Law “On Martial Law”, the new concept of “special military operation”, which appeared within the framework of a special legal regime of martial law, is considered. At the same time, the acts of the President of the Russian Federation, which introduced martial law on the territory of certain subjects of the Russian Federation, are taken into account. Based on the results of the analysis, an explanation of the phrase “special military operation” is proposed. The Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 19, 2022 No. 757 “On measures implemented in the subjects of the Russian Federation in connection with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 19, 2022 No. 756”, providing for measures to be implemented in the subjects of the Russian Federation in connection with the publication of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 19, 2022, is analyzed No. 756 “On the introduction of martial law in the territories of the Donetsk People's Republic, Luhansk People's Republic, Zaporozhye and Kherson regions”. Legal inconsistencies and legal and technical errors have been identified in the text of the analyzed act. As a result of the conducted research, proposals were formulated to amend the Federal Constitutional Law “On Martial Law” and to amend the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 757 of October 19, 2022 “On measures implemented in the subjects of the Russian Federation in connection with the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 756 of October 19, 2022”.
文章从宪法规范和《联邦宪法 "戒严法"》规范的角度,探讨了在戒严特别法律制度框架内出现的 "特别军事行动 "新概念。同时,还考虑了在俄罗斯联邦某些主体境内实行戒严的俄罗斯联邦总统令。根据分析结果,提出了对 "特别军事行动 "一词的解释。2022 年 10 月 19 日 "关于根据 2022 年 10 月 19 日第 756 号俄罗斯联邦总统令在俄罗斯联邦主体实施的措施 "的第 757 号俄罗斯联邦总统令。第 756 号 "关于在顿涅茨克人民共和国、卢甘斯克人民共和国、扎波罗热州和赫尔松州境内实行戒严 "分析 了根据 2022 年 10 月 19 日俄罗斯联邦第 756 号总统令在俄罗斯联邦主体实施的措施。在所分析的法案文本中发现了法律不一致之处以及法律和技术错误。根据研究结果,提出了修改《联邦宪法戒严法》和修改 2022 年 10 月 19 日 "关于根据 2022 年 10 月 19 日第 756 号俄罗斯联邦总统令在俄罗斯联邦主体实施的措施 "的第 757 号俄罗斯联邦总统令的建议。
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Military juridical journal
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