{"title":"Sewickley folio, Pennsylvania","authors":"M. J. Munn","doi":"10.3133/GF176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/GF176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270623,"journal":{"name":"Folios of the Geologic Atlas","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121568212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Olivet folio, South Dakota","authors":"J. E. Todd","doi":"10.3133/GF96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/GF96","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270623,"journal":{"name":"Folios of the Geologic Atlas","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125953314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chicago folio, Riverside, Chicago, Desplaines, and Calumet quadrangles, Illinois-Indiana","authors":"W. C. Alden","doi":"10.3133/GF81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/GF81","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270623,"journal":{"name":"Folios of the Geologic Atlas","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129712269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ellensburg folio, Washington","authors":"G. O. Smith","doi":"10.3133/GF86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/GF86","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270623,"journal":{"name":"Folios of the Geologic Atlas","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128499024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Raton-Brilliant-Koehler folio, New Mexico-Colorado","authors":"W. T. Lee","doi":"10.3133/GF214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/GF214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270623,"journal":{"name":"Folios of the Geologic Atlas","volume":"15 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120822444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tahlequah folio, Indian Territory-Arkansas","authors":"J. A. Taff","doi":"10.3133/GF122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/GF122","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270623,"journal":{"name":"Folios of the Geologic Atlas","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122274013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"St. Marys folio, Maryland-Virginia","authors":"G. B. Shattuck, B. L. Miller","doi":"10.3133/gf136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/gf136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270623,"journal":{"name":"Folios of the Geologic Atlas","volume":"27 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125687010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G-eneral relations. The region represented by the Wartburg atlas sheet lies, entirely in Tennessee. It is included between parallels 36° and 36° 30' and meridians 84° 30' and 85°, and Extentof it contains 963 square miles, divided q«at«rangie. between Scott, Morgan, Cumberland, and Fentress counties. In its geographic and geologic relations this quadrangle forms a part of the Appalachian province, which extends from the Deflnition of Atlantic coastal plain on the east to tuVprovince. the Mississippi lowlands on the west, and from central Alabama to southern New York. All parts of the region thus defined have a common history, recorded in its rocks, its geologic structure, and its topographic features. Only a part of this history can be read from an area so small as a single quadrangle; hence it it necessary to consider the individual quadrangle in its relations to the entire province. Subdivisions of the Appalachian province. The Appalachian province may be subdivided into three well-marked physiographic divisions, throughout each of which certain forces have produced similar results in sedimentation, in geologic structure, and in topography. These divisions extend the entire length of the province, from northeast to southwest. The central division is the Appalachian Valley. It is the best defined and most uniform of the three. In the southern part it coin_. . , *The Appala= cides with the belt of folded rocks g^S which forms the Coosa Valley of c arac er' Georgia and Alabama and the Great Valley of East Tennessee and Virginia. Throughout the central and northern portions the eastern side only is marked by great valleys such as the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, the Cumberland Valley of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and the Lebanon Valley of northeastern Pennsylvania the western side being a succession of ridges alternating with narrow valleys. This division varies in width from 40 to 125 miles. It is sharply outlined on the southeast, by the Appalachian Mountains and on the northwest by the Cumberland Plateau and the Allegheny Mountains. Its rocks are almost wholly sedimentary and in large measure calcareous. The strata, which must originally have been relief tonrack , , . ° . character. nearly horizontal, now intersect the surface at various angles and in narrow belts. The surface differs with the outcrop of different kinds of rock, so that sharp ridges and narrow valleys of great length follow the narrow belts of hard and soft rock. Owing to the large amount of calcareous rock brought up on the steep folds of this division, its surface is more readily worn down by streams and is lower and less broken than that of the divisions on either side. The eastern division of the province embraces the Appalachian Mountains, a system which is made up of many minor ranges and TheAppaIa_ which, under various local names, ex2K"; *££££" tends from southern New York to ranges* central Alabama. Some of its prominent parts are the South Mountain of Pennsylvania, t
G-eneral关系。瓦特堡地图集所代表的地区完全位于田纳西州。它包括在平行线36°和36°30'之间，子午线84°30'和85°之间，它的范围包括963平方英里，分为q ' at '范围。斯科特，摩根，坎伯兰和芬特雷斯县之间在地理和地质关系上，这个四边形构成了阿巴拉契亚省的一部分，从东部的大西洋沿岸平原的通缩延伸到tuv省。西部是密西西比低地，从阿拉巴马中部到纽约南部。这样界定的地区的所有部分都有一个共同的历史，记录在其岩石、地质结构和地形特征中。这段历史只能从一个四合院这么小的地方读到一部分;因此，有必要考虑单个四边形与整个省的关系。阿巴拉契亚省的分支。阿巴拉契亚省可以再划分为三个明显的地理分区，在每一个分区中，某种力量在沉积、地质构造和地形上产生了相似的结果。这些分区从东北到西南，横跨整个省份。中部地区是阿巴拉契亚山谷。它是三者中定义最好、最统一的。在南部它是……阿巴拉山脉与褶皱岩石带一起形成了乔治亚州和阿拉巴马州的库萨山谷以及东田纳西州和弗吉尼亚州的大峡谷。在整个中部和北部，只有东部是巨大的山谷，如弗吉尼亚州的谢南多厄谷，马里兰州和宾夕法尼亚州的坎伯兰谷，宾夕法尼亚州东北部的黎巴嫩谷，西部是一连串的山脊和狭窄的山谷交替。这个分界线的宽度从40英里到125英里不等。它的东南部是阿巴拉契亚山脉，西北部是坎伯兰高原和阿勒格尼山脉。它的岩石几乎完全是沉积的，而且大部分是钙质的。地层，最初一定是缓蚀岩层，。°。的性格。几乎是水平的，现在以不同的角度和窄带相交于表面。不同种类岩石的露头使地表不同，因此在狭窄的硬岩和软岩带后面会有很长的尖锐的山脊和狭窄的山谷。由于大量的钙质岩石生长在这个分水岭陡峭的褶皱上，它的表面更容易被河流冲刷，比两边的分水岭更低，更少破碎。该省的东部地区包括阿巴拉契亚山脉，这是一个由许多小山脉和阿巴拉契亚山脉组成的系统，在各种当地名称下，阿巴拉契亚山脉是“2000”;从纽约南部到阿拉巴马州中部。它的一些突出部分是宾夕法尼亚州的南山，马里兰州和弗吉尼亚州的蓝岭和卡托克廷山，田纳西州和北卡罗来纳州的大烟山，以及佐治亚州的科胡塔山脉。这一分区的许多岩石或多或少都是结晶性的。这条线的性质，要么是由岩石经过不同程度的变质作用而变成板岩和片岩的沉积物，要么是由熔融状态凝固而成的火成岩，如花岗岩和辉绿岩。阿巴拉契亚省的西部地区包括坎伯兰高原和阿勒格尼山脉，以及田纳西州、肯塔基州和俄亥俄州的低地。它的西北边界是不确定的，但可以看作是一条任意的线，与密西西比河相吻合，一直到开罗，然后穿过伊利诺斯州和印第安纳州。它的东部边界由阿勒格尼前线和坎伯兰悬崖沿阿巴拉契亚山谷明确划定。这个分区的岩石几乎完全是沉积形成的，几乎保持水平。地表的特征取决于岩石的特征和姿态，是一个或多或少完全磨损的高原。在该省的南半部，变化多端的高原有时很广阔，地势完全平坦，但它通常被河流分成或大或小的平顶区域。在西弗吉尼亚州和宾夕法尼亚州的部分地区，“高原被溪流切割得很陡，留下了不规则的圆形凸起和山脊，与原来的表面几乎没有相似之处。”高原的西部部分已经完全被侵蚀掉了，现在的地面相对较低，水平，或起伏。阿巴拉契亚省的海拔高度。 阿巴拉契亚省作为一个整体大致呈圆顶状，其表面沿东部边缘从500英尺的高度上升到阿巴拉契亚山脉的顶峰，然后向西下降到俄亥俄州和密西西比河的同样高度。省的每个分区都有一个或多个顶点。因此，阿巴拉契亚山脉逐渐上升，从少...... .'。阿拉巴马州的海拔高度超过1000英尺，北卡罗来纳州西部的海拔高度超过6600英尺。在弗吉尼亚州南部，海拔从最高点下降到4000到3000英尺，在弗吉尼亚州中部上升到4000英尺，在马里兰州和宾夕法尼亚州之间下降到2000到1500英尺。阿巴拉契亚山谷的海拔高度从阿拉巴马州的500英尺或更低到查塔努加海拔附近的900英尺，在田纳西-阿帕西亚-奇安山谷和弗吉尼亚州的分界线处海拔2000英尺，在新河和田纳西河的分界处海拔2600或2700英尺。从这里开始，它在新河流域下降到2200英尺，在詹姆斯河流域下降到1500到1000英尺，在波托马克河流域下降到1000到500英尺，在宾夕法尼亚州保持不变。这些数字代表了山谷表面的平均高度，低于这个高度，河道下沉到50到250英尺，高于这个高度，山谷的山脊上升到500到2000英尺。高原或西部地区的海拔从该省南部边缘的500英尺增加到阿拉巴马州北部的1500英尺，田纳西州中部的2000英尺和肯塔基州东南部的3500英尺。西弗吉尼亚州的海平面在3000到4000英尺之间，宾夕法尼亚州的海平面下降到2000英尺左右。从它的最高海拔，沿着东部边缘，高原逐渐向西倾斜，尽管它通常被一个突然的悬崖与内部低地分开。阿巴拉契亚省的排水系统。该省的排水部分向东流向大西洋，部分向南流向大西洋……”墨西哥湾的L方向，部分向西至密西西比河。除了宾夕法尼亚州的一小部分地区和阿拉巴马州的另一部分地区外，该省所有的西部或高原地区都被向西流入俄亥俄河的溪流所排干。东部或阿巴拉契亚山脉的北部部分向东流向大西洋，而新河以南的所有地区，除了东部斜坡，都由田纳西河的支流向西或由库萨河的支流向南流出。溪流在阿巴拉契亚山谷的位置取决于地质构造。一般来说，它们的流动过程。沿着较软岩石的露头，沿着较小的山谷，平行于大峡谷的溪流边，安排长距离。这些纵向的溪流流入许多较大的横向河流，这些河流穿过一个或另一个限制山谷的屏障。在该省的北部，它们形成了特拉华河、萨斯奎哈纳河、波托马克河、詹姆斯河和罗阿诺克河，每条河都穿过阿巴拉契亚山脉，在一个狭窄的缺口中向东流入大海。在该省的中部，在肯塔基州和弗吉尼亚州，这些纵向的溪流形成了新河(或卡纳瓦河)，它向西流经坎伯兰高原，在一个深而狭窄的峡谷中流入俄亥俄河。从新河向南到乔治亚州北部，大峡谷被田纳西河的支流排干，田纳西河在查塔努加离开了宽阔的山谷，穿过高原进入一个峡谷，向西流入俄亥俄河。查塔努加以南的河流直接流入墨西哥湾。魏堡四合院的当地地理。在瓦特堡四合院的范围内，只出现了一个地理分区——坎伯兰高原。到目前为止，这一地区的大部分地区都是发育良好的高原，但沿着它的东部和南部边界，不规则的山脉高出高原的高度相当高。这个地区的排水系统与几个河流系统有支流关系。该地区的南半部是通过。”。当地河流奥贝得河和埃默里河汇入Tensystemsnessee河，北半部经南福克的坎伯兰河汇入俄亥俄河，而西缘由奥贝河汇入坎伯兰河和俄亥俄河。坎伯兰河的南叉。奥贝河就在这个四合院里。山上的溪流从源头迅速下降到1400或1500英尺的高度，在这个四合院的边界和靠近高原边缘的地方，它们从这个高度下降到800或900英尺的速度较慢。高原上的溪流在海拔1500到1800英尺的地方涌上水面，在源头附近迅速下降，在下游有许多缓慢的延伸。
{"title":"Wartburg folio, Tennessee","authors":"A. Keith","doi":"10.3133/GF40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/GF40","url":null,"abstract":"G-eneral relations. The region represented by the Wartburg atlas sheet lies, entirely in Tennessee. It is included between parallels 36° and 36° 30' and meridians 84° 30' and 85°, and Extentof it contains 963 square miles, divided q«at«rangie. between Scott, Morgan, Cumberland, and Fentress counties. In its geographic and geologic relations this quadrangle forms a part of the Appalachian province, which extends from the Deflnition of Atlantic coastal plain on the east to tuVprovince. the Mississippi lowlands on the west, and from central Alabama to southern New York. All parts of the region thus defined have a common history, recorded in its rocks, its geologic structure, and its topographic features. Only a part of this history can be read from an area so small as a single quadrangle; hence it it necessary to consider the individual quadrangle in its relations to the entire province. Subdivisions of the Appalachian province. The Appalachian province may be subdivided into three well-marked physiographic divisions, throughout each of which certain forces have produced similar results in sedimentation, in geologic structure, and in topography. These divisions extend the entire length of the province, from northeast to southwest. The central division is the Appalachian Valley. It is the best defined and most uniform of the three. In the southern part it coin_. . , *The Appala= cides with the belt of folded rocks g^S which forms the Coosa Valley of c arac er' Georgia and Alabama and the Great Valley of East Tennessee and Virginia. Throughout the central and northern portions the eastern side only is marked by great valleys such as the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, the Cumberland Valley of Maryland and Pennsylvania, and the Lebanon Valley of northeastern Pennsylvania the western side being a succession of ridges alternating with narrow valleys. This division varies in width from 40 to 125 miles. It is sharply outlined on the southeast, by the Appalachian Mountains and on the northwest by the Cumberland Plateau and the Allegheny Mountains. Its rocks are almost wholly sedimentary and in large measure calcareous. The strata, which must originally have been relief tonrack , , . ° . character. nearly horizontal, now intersect the surface at various angles and in narrow belts. The surface differs with the outcrop of different kinds of rock, so that sharp ridges and narrow valleys of great length follow the narrow belts of hard and soft rock. Owing to the large amount of calcareous rock brought up on the steep folds of this division, its surface is more readily worn down by streams and is lower and less broken than that of the divisions on either side. The eastern division of the province embraces the Appalachian Mountains, a system which is made up of many minor ranges and TheAppaIa_ which, under various local names, ex2K\"; *££££\" tends from southern New York to ranges* central Alabama. Some of its prominent parts are the South Mountain of Pennsylvania, t","PeriodicalId":270623,"journal":{"name":"Folios of the Geologic Atlas","volume":"235 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124402426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fredericksburg folio, Virginia-Maryland","authors":"N. H. Darton","doi":"10.3133/GF13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/GF13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":270623,"journal":{"name":"Folios of the Geologic Atlas","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129110361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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