Abstract Scattering and absorption of light in water leads to degradation of images captured under the water. This degradation includes diminished colors, low brightness and undistinguishable objects in the image. To improve the quality of such degraded images, we have proposed fusion based underwater image enhancement technique that focuses on improving of the contrast and color of underwater images using contrast stretching and Auto White Balance. Our proposed method is very simple and straightforward that contributes greatly in uplifting the visibility of underwater images.
{"title":"Hazy Underwater Image Enhancement Based on Contrast and Color Improvement Using Fusion Technique","authors":"Ritu Singh, M. Biswas","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Scattering and absorption of light in water leads to degradation of images captured under the water. This degradation includes diminished colors, low brightness and undistinguishable objects in the image. To improve the quality of such degraded images, we have proposed fusion based underwater image enhancement technique that focuses on improving of the contrast and color of underwater images using contrast stretching and Auto White Balance. Our proposed method is very simple and straightforward that contributes greatly in uplifting the visibility of underwater images.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122690337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper presents the use fuzzy logic with adaptive resonance theory-1 in signature verification. Fuzzy model is capable of stable learning of recognition categories in response to arbitrary sequences of binary input pattern. The work was carried out on two famous available signature corpuses i.e. MCYT (Online Spanish signatures database) and GPDS (Grupo de Procesado Digital de la se?al). Local binary patterns (LBP) and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCM) features were calculated for robust offline signature verification system. Training and verification was done using fuzzy adaptive resonance theory-1(FART-1). The system is trained and verified for different datasets to increase the accuracy of the classifier. The results thus obtained are robust than other existing techniques. The FAR and FRR for the system is 0.74% and 0.83% respectively.
摘要本文提出了模糊逻辑与自适应共振理论在签名验证中的应用。模糊模型能够稳定地学习识别类别，以响应任意序列的二进制输入模式。这项工作是在两个著名的可用签名库上进行的，即MCYT(在线西班牙语签名数据库)和GPDS (Grupo de Procesado Digital de la se?al)。针对鲁棒离线签名验证系统，计算了局部二值模式(LBP)和灰度共生矩阵(GLCM)特征。采用模糊自适应共振理论1(FART-1)进行训练和验证。该系统针对不同的数据集进行了训练和验证，以提高分类器的准确性。由此获得的结果比其他现有技术具有更强的鲁棒性。系统的FAR和FRR分别为0.74%和0.83%。
{"title":"Fuzzy Logic Based Adaptive Resonance Theory-1 Approach for Offline Signature Verification","authors":"Charu Jain, Priti Singh, A. Rana","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents the use fuzzy logic with adaptive resonance theory-1 in signature verification. Fuzzy model is capable of stable learning of recognition categories in response to arbitrary sequences of binary input pattern. The work was carried out on two famous available signature corpuses i.e. MCYT (Online Spanish signatures database) and GPDS (Grupo de Procesado Digital de la se?al). Local binary patterns (LBP) and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCM) features were calculated for robust offline signature verification system. Training and verification was done using fuzzy adaptive resonance theory-1(FART-1). The system is trained and verified for different datasets to increase the accuracy of the classifier. The results thus obtained are robust than other existing techniques. The FAR and FRR for the system is 0.74% and 0.83% respectively.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128980325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The paper describes the process of actual experiment for practical confirmation of the effectiveness of new technologies. New software is proposed for investigating a real stochastic process. Technology and software are designed for fast calculation, analysis of adequate estimates of statistical characteristics, confirming the effectiveness of suggested technology, with high accuracy.
{"title":"Experimental Study of Stochastic Processes, Determining their Characteristics and Conducting Real Experiments on the Operated Bridge","authors":"U. Sattarova","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper describes the process of actual experiment for practical confirmation of the effectiveness of new technologies. New software is proposed for investigating a real stochastic process. Technology and software are designed for fast calculation, analysis of adequate estimates of statistical characteristics, confirming the effectiveness of suggested technology, with high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131769065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Recognition of objects in pictures and movies requires the use of techniques, such as filtering, segmentation and classification. Image filtering is required to remove all artifacts that hinder the unequivocal identification and sharpen interesting objects. Segmentation refers to finding areas of images respected to individual objects. For the selected areas corresponding to objects in the selected picture, the classification of objects finally gives information about the type of object which orientation is made. This paper presents a method for the classification of objects from drawings as a bitmap using the method of fundamental solutions (MFS). The MFS was tested on the selected bitmap depicting simple geometric shapes. The correlations between errors occurring on the boundary for particular shapes are used for the selection of geometric shape figures. Due to this correlation, it is possible to recognize the shape of the image appearing on the drawing by an analysis consisting of the comparison of recognized points describing the shape of contour to a database containing solutions of boundary value problems for the selected shape. In one way, the comparison of the pattern can determine which shape from database it is most similar to in terms of contour. This article appear that this approach is very simple and clearly. In result, this method can be used to recognition of the objects in the systems of real-time processing.
{"title":"Application of the Fundamental Solution Method to Object Recognition in the Pictures","authors":"T. Klekiel","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recognition of objects in pictures and movies requires the use of techniques, such as filtering, segmentation and classification. Image filtering is required to remove all artifacts that hinder the unequivocal identification and sharpen interesting objects. Segmentation refers to finding areas of images respected to individual objects. For the selected areas corresponding to objects in the selected picture, the classification of objects finally gives information about the type of object which orientation is made. This paper presents a method for the classification of objects from drawings as a bitmap using the method of fundamental solutions (MFS). The MFS was tested on the selected bitmap depicting simple geometric shapes. The correlations between errors occurring on the boundary for particular shapes are used for the selection of geometric shape figures. Due to this correlation, it is possible to recognize the shape of the image appearing on the drawing by an analysis consisting of the comparison of recognized points describing the shape of contour to a database containing solutions of boundary value problems for the selected shape. In one way, the comparison of the pattern can determine which shape from database it is most similar to in terms of contour. This article appear that this approach is very simple and clearly. In result, this method can be used to recognition of the objects in the systems of real-time processing.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123820521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The article presents a possible way to detect key points. The tests were carried out by the case of detection of a reference object in static images. For comparative purposes, Chris Harris & Mike Stephens [11] and Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF) detectors [2, 3] were used. The descriptors were built based on the Fast Retina Key point (FREAK) [1, 16] and SURF algorithms [2, 3]. Six different configurations of key point detection methods with the above descriptors were implemented. The obtained results have been presented on exemplary images and in the table. They show that this type of detection of an element of interest can be successful and should be developed.
摘要本文提出了一种可能的关键点检测方法。以静态图像中参考物体的检测为例进行了测试。为了比较，我们使用了Chris Harris & Mike Stephens[11]和accelerated - up Robust Features (SURF)检测器[2,3]。描述符是基于Fast Retina Key point (FREAK)[1,16]和SURF算法[2,3]构建的。利用上述描述符实现了6种不同配置的关键点检测方法。所得结果已在示例图像和表中给出。它们表明，这种对感兴趣的元素的检测是成功的，应该得到发展。
{"title":"Comparison of Selected Methods for Detecting a Reference Element using Key Points in Static Images","authors":"Joanna Kulawik","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents a possible way to detect key points. The tests were carried out by the case of detection of a reference object in static images. For comparative purposes, Chris Harris & Mike Stephens [11] and Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF) detectors [2, 3] were used. The descriptors were built based on the Fast Retina Key point (FREAK) [1, 16] and SURF algorithms [2, 3]. Six different configurations of key point detection methods with the above descriptors were implemented. The obtained results have been presented on exemplary images and in the table. They show that this type of detection of an element of interest can be successful and should be developed.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116212446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Vision based games is a type of software that can become a promising, modern neuroreha-bilitation tool. This paper presents the possibilities offered for the implementation of this kind of software by the open source vision library. The methods and functions related to the aspect of image processing and analysis are presented in terms of their usefulness in creating programs based on the analysis of the images acquired from the camera. On the basis of the issues contained in the paper, the functionality of the library is presented in terms of the possibilities related primarily to the processing of video sequences, detection, tracking and analysis of the movement of objects. As part of the work, the software that meets the requirements for modern neurorehablitation games has been implemented. Its main part is responsible for the identification of the current position of the user’s hand and is based on the image captured from the webcam. Whereas the tasks set for the user used among others supporting visual-motor coordination. The main subject of the research was the analysis of the impact of the applied methods of initial image processing on the correctness of the chosen tracking algorithm. It was proposed and experimentally examined the impact of operations such as morphological transformations or apply an additional mask on a functioning of the CamShift algorithm. And hence on the functioning of the whole game which analyzing the user’s hand movement.
{"title":"The Use of Image Processing Methods to Improve the Detection of User’s Hand in Vision Based Games Used in Neurological Rehabilitation","authors":"Katarzyna Gospodarek","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Vision based games is a type of software that can become a promising, modern neuroreha-bilitation tool. This paper presents the possibilities offered for the implementation of this kind of software by the open source vision library. The methods and functions related to the aspect of image processing and analysis are presented in terms of their usefulness in creating programs based on the analysis of the images acquired from the camera. On the basis of the issues contained in the paper, the functionality of the library is presented in terms of the possibilities related primarily to the processing of video sequences, detection, tracking and analysis of the movement of objects. As part of the work, the software that meets the requirements for modern neurorehablitation games has been implemented. Its main part is responsible for the identification of the current position of the user’s hand and is based on the image captured from the webcam. Whereas the tasks set for the user used among others supporting visual-motor coordination. The main subject of the research was the analysis of the impact of the applied methods of initial image processing on the correctness of the chosen tracking algorithm. It was proposed and experimentally examined the impact of operations such as morphological transformations or apply an additional mask on a functioning of the CamShift algorithm. And hence on the functioning of the whole game which analyzing the user’s hand movement.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121812902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ł. Zabłudowski, B. Marciniak, S. Bujnowski, Z. Lutowski, M. Maszewski
Abstract The article presents the results of considerations regarding assuring the assumed probability of obtaining a correct transmission while limiting the emissivity of the WSN network. The first part presents the method of selecting the location of the acquisition node and analyzes the impact of the increase in transmission levels on the probability of obtaining a correct transmission. The second part presents and analyzes the method of reduction of the network’s emissivity at the assumed level of correct data transmission, and the end contains a summary and conclusions from the presented considerations.
{"title":"Analysis of Possibilities to Limitate the WSN Network Emissivity at Assumed Probability of Correct Transmission","authors":"Ł. Zabłudowski, B. Marciniak, S. Bujnowski, Z. Lutowski, M. Maszewski","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents the results of considerations regarding assuring the assumed probability of obtaining a correct transmission while limiting the emissivity of the WSN network. The first part presents the method of selecting the location of the acquisition node and analyzes the impact of the increase in transmission levels on the probability of obtaining a correct transmission. The second part presents and analyzes the method of reduction of the network’s emissivity at the assumed level of correct data transmission, and the end contains a summary and conclusions from the presented considerations.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123731745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Bujnowski, B. Marciniak, D. Ledziński, M. Maszewski, Z. Lutowski
Abstract The article presents the results of simulations conducted on the network which has been implemented in one of the cities with dense urban development. The simulations were conducted to verify how the lowering of the emission (this affected the topology of the network) of the network will affect the network reliability and time of the data collection.
{"title":"Analysis of the Possibility of Emission Reduction for Complex WSN Networks by the Implementation of a Larger Number of Acquisition Nodes","authors":"S. Bujnowski, B. Marciniak, D. Ledziński, M. Maszewski, Z. Lutowski","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article presents the results of simulations conducted on the network which has been implemented in one of the cities with dense urban development. The simulations were conducted to verify how the lowering of the emission (this affected the topology of the network) of the network will affect the network reliability and time of the data collection.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"12 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132610940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract CONTEXT ADAPTIVE VARIABLE LENGTH CODING (CAVLC) is a method designed for coding residual pixel data after transform and quantization, in which different codes with variable length are chosen based on recently coded coefficients. Coded bitstream can be stored or transmitted. This method is optional in widely adopted H.264 video coding standard. The entire algorithm is a complex one, and also difficult to implement efficiently in Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), due to data dependency. When the complexity of the Register Transfer Logic (RTL) implementation rises, it impacts the duration and costs of development. Therefore, usage of High Level Synthesis (HLS) may be beneficial with these types of projects. In this paper first known to authors implementation of CAVLC and Exp-Golomb decoders for H.264 intra decoder in Impulse C language will be presented and compared with other implementations. Proposed solution is able to decode more then 720p@40fps with FPGA module clock at 166MHz.
{"title":"FPGA Implementation of H.264 CAVLC Decoder Using High-Level Synthesis","authors":"Slawomir Cichon, M. Gorgon","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract CONTEXT ADAPTIVE VARIABLE LENGTH CODING (CAVLC) is a method designed for coding residual pixel data after transform and quantization, in which different codes with variable length are chosen based on recently coded coefficients. Coded bitstream can be stored or transmitted. This method is optional in widely adopted H.264 video coding standard. The entire algorithm is a complex one, and also difficult to implement efficiently in Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), due to data dependency. When the complexity of the Register Transfer Logic (RTL) implementation rises, it impacts the duration and costs of development. Therefore, usage of High Level Synthesis (HLS) may be beneficial with these types of projects. In this paper first known to authors implementation of CAVLC and Exp-Golomb decoders for H.264 intra decoder in Impulse C language will be presented and compared with other implementations. Proposed solution is able to decode more then 720p@40fps with FPGA module clock at 166MHz.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128490359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selam Waktola, A. Bieberle, F. Barthel, M. Bieberle, U. Hampel, K. Grudzień, L. Babout
Abstract This paper presents an application of an ultrafast electron beam X-ray CT scanner for investigating the gravitational flow behavior of granulates through cylindrical silo model. The CT scanner allows obtaining crosssectional images of the granular material distribution with a spatial resolution of approximately 1 mm and a time resolution of 2 kHz. In order to conduct a deep analysis of the granular flow concentration changes, two image processing algorithm steps were applied. The first step deals with preprocessing and re-centering stacks of raw images. The second step divides the preprocessed image into several concentric rings and calculates the mean value to study radial concentration changes. Independent analysis of granular concentration in each ring provides useful knowledge to study the silo discharging during mass flow and funnel flow.
{"title":"Study of Flow Behavior of Granular Material Inside Cylindrical Silo Using Ultrafast X-Ray Imaging Technique","authors":"Selam Waktola, A. Bieberle, F. Barthel, M. Bieberle, U. Hampel, K. Grudzień, L. Babout","doi":"10.1515/ipc-2017-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ipc-2017-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents an application of an ultrafast electron beam X-ray CT scanner for investigating the gravitational flow behavior of granulates through cylindrical silo model. The CT scanner allows obtaining crosssectional images of the granular material distribution with a spatial resolution of approximately 1 mm and a time resolution of 2 kHz. In order to conduct a deep analysis of the granular flow concentration changes, two image processing algorithm steps were applied. The first step deals with preprocessing and re-centering stacks of raw images. The second step divides the preprocessed image into several concentric rings and calculates the mean value to study radial concentration changes. Independent analysis of granular concentration in each ring provides useful knowledge to study the silo discharging during mass flow and funnel flow.","PeriodicalId":271906,"journal":{"name":"Image Processing & Communications","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127365170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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