In this study, information was collected on stave-built wooden vessels (buckets) from early medieval cemeteries in Polish lands, for which the distinguishing feature is metal fittings in the form of strips and / or crescent- shaped applications. In the light of the current state of knowledge, we have information on 33 containers of such design from nineteen cemeteries. The most numerous collection of them was discovered in Lutomiersk, from where eight graves with such vessels are known. Three containers were recorded in the cemetery in Pień, and in Kałdus, Lubień, Komorowo and Poznań-Śródka – two in each. The remaining sites provided single finds. These vessels were subjected to a typological, formal and chronological analysis, taking into account the context of discovery and provenance, and on this basis an attempt was made to interpret their meaning in funeral rites. In Polish lands, the deceased were buried with the type of vessel in question at the end of the 10th century, and this custom disappeared at the beginning of the 12th century.
{"title":"Nie tylko z drewna. Wiadra klepkowe obite blachą w grobach wczesnośredniowiecznych na terenie ziem polskich","authors":"Tomasz Kurasiński","doi":"10.23858/pa71.2023.3178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/pa71.2023.3178","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, information was collected on stave-built wooden vessels (buckets) from early medieval cemeteries in Polish lands, for which the distinguishing feature is metal fittings in the form of strips and / or crescent- shaped applications. In the light of the current state of knowledge, we have information on 33 containers of such design from nineteen cemeteries. The most numerous collection of them was discovered in Lutomiersk, from where eight graves with such vessels are known. Three containers were recorded in the cemetery in Pień, and in Kałdus, Lubień, Komorowo and Poznań-Śródka – two in each. The remaining sites provided single finds. These vessels were subjected to a typological, formal and chronological analysis, taking into account the context of discovery and provenance, and on this basis an attempt was made to interpret their meaning in funeral rites. In Polish lands, the deceased were buried with the type of vessel in question at the end of the 10th century, and this custom disappeared at the beginning of the 12th century.","PeriodicalId":272460,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Archeologiczny","volume":"19 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sylwia Siemianowska, Aleksandra Pankiewicz, Krzysztof Sadowski, Jakub Karol Pawlicki
The article concerns early medieval egg-shaped rattles from the area of Silesia. First of all, the issue of how they were made and glazed is studied. The issues of the origin of these products and their role in the culture of ancient societies, as problems repeatedly raised by other researchers, is treated marginally. Macro- and microscopic observations, experimental studies, as well as the results of analyses of the chemical composition of glazes and petrographic tests of ceramic bodies were used to study the technology of making eggs-shaped -rattles. On their basis, the probable process of their formation and glazing was reconstructed. While the making of the ceramic base did not require extraordinary skills, the glazing and decoration of the rattles took place in several stages, requiring knowledge of advanced pottery techniques. For their decoration, a specific category of glaze was used, namely high-lead non alkali glass.
{"title":"W kwestii techniki wykonania i szkliwienia wczesnośredniowiecznych pisanek-grzechotek ze Śląska.","authors":"Sylwia Siemianowska, Aleksandra Pankiewicz, Krzysztof Sadowski, Jakub Karol Pawlicki","doi":"10.23858/pa71.2023.2995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/pa71.2023.2995","url":null,"abstract":"The article concerns early medieval egg-shaped rattles from the area of Silesia. First of all, the issue of how they were made and glazed is studied. The issues of the origin of these products and their role in the culture of ancient societies, as problems repeatedly raised by other researchers, is treated marginally. Macro- and microscopic observations, experimental studies, as well as the results of analyses of the chemical composition of glazes and petrographic tests of ceramic bodies were used to study the technology of making eggs-shaped -rattles. On their basis, the probable process of their formation and glazing was reconstructed. While the making of the ceramic base did not require extraordinary skills, the glazing and decoration of the rattles took place in several stages, requiring knowledge of advanced pottery techniques. For their decoration, a specific category of glaze was used, namely high-lead non alkali glass.","PeriodicalId":272460,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Archeologiczny","volume":"11 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Przemysław Makarowicz, Przemysław Muzolf, Jan Romaniszyn
The barrow cemetery in Łubna (Łubna-Jakusy), Poland, excavated shortly after World War II , is one of the best-known necropolises in the western area of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle. During the archaeological research conducted by K. Jażdżewski, up to 27 mounds wereexcavated. In this article, the authors present and specify the absolute chronology of this site. Thanks to a search in the museum storerooms, it was possible to obtain osteological material, which was subsequently dated in the Poznań Radiocarbon Laboratory using the AM S method. These absolute dates combined with the results of a study of the archaeological material allowed the chronology of almost half of the excavated barrows to be defined. The dates obtained thanks to modelling functions answer the question about the timeframe the necropolis was in use. Additionally, the authors present a probable scenario for the development of the cemetery in Łubna, outlining the direction of expansion and characterizing its spatial arrangement.
{"title":"The cemetery of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle community in Łubna in light of radiocarbon chronology (AMS)","authors":"Przemysław Makarowicz, Przemysław Muzolf, Jan Romaniszyn","doi":"10.23858/pa71.2023.3105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/pa71.2023.3105","url":null,"abstract":"The barrow cemetery in Łubna (Łubna-Jakusy), Poland, excavated shortly after World War II , is one of the best-known necropolises in the western area of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle. During the archaeological research conducted by K. Jażdżewski, up to 27 mounds wereexcavated. In this article, the authors present and specify the absolute chronology of this site. Thanks to a search in the museum storerooms, it was possible to obtain osteological material, which was subsequently dated in the Poznań Radiocarbon Laboratory using the AM S method. These absolute dates combined with the results of a study of the archaeological material allowed the chronology of almost half of the excavated barrows to be defined. The dates obtained thanks to modelling functions answer the question about the timeframe the necropolis was in use. Additionally, the authors present a probable scenario for the development of the cemetery in Łubna, outlining the direction of expansion and characterizing its spatial arrangement.","PeriodicalId":272460,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Archeologiczny","volume":"21 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prof. dr hab. Bogusław Gediga, 13 stycznia 1933 – 18 października 2022. Redaktor Naczelny „Przeglądu Archeologicznego” w latach 1990-2022","authors":"Małgorzata Markiewicz","doi":"10.23858/pa71.2023.3502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/pa71.2023.3502","url":null,"abstract":"-","PeriodicalId":272460,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Archeologiczny","volume":"20 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main aim of this paper is to present the potential of an integrated archaeological survey. Currently established survey practice combines a range of methods such as aerial archaeology, airborne laser scanning and geophysics, and analysis of historical maps. It is commonly assumed that the application of more methods will help to obtain more information about the registered archaeological site. However, a cumulation of collected data does not equate with a better understanding of the analyzed structures. Archaeologists often face fragmentary or even contradictory evidence provided by those methods. Integration of data requires a more flexible approach, a thorough questioning of collected data, meaningful comparison of different results, their re-interpretation and the formulation of new questions according to the mechanism of the hermeneutic circle. We illustrate these issues using the case study of an integrated survey at a medieval stronghold in Sądowel. In particular, we focused on various degrees of success with which different non-invasive methods were applied and changing interpretations of recorded structures.
{"title":"Nieinwazyjna prospekcja średniowiecznego grodziska w Sądowlu. Problem integracji rezultatów teledetekcji archeologicznej oraz historycznych źródeł kartograficznych","authors":"Grzegorz Kiarszys, Lidia Żuk, Wiesław Małkowski","doi":"10.23858/pa71.2023.3151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/pa71.2023.3151","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of this paper is to present the potential of an integrated archaeological survey. Currently established survey practice combines a range of methods such as aerial archaeology, airborne laser scanning and geophysics, and analysis of historical maps. It is commonly assumed that the application of more methods will help to obtain more information about the registered archaeological site. However, a cumulation of collected data does not equate with a better understanding of the analyzed structures. Archaeologists often face fragmentary or even contradictory evidence provided by those methods. Integration of data requires a more flexible approach, a thorough questioning of collected data, meaningful comparison of different results, their re-interpretation and the formulation of new questions according to the mechanism of the hermeneutic circle. We illustrate these issues using the case study of an integrated survey at a medieval stronghold in Sądowel. In particular, we focused on various degrees of success with which different non-invasive methods were applied and changing interpretations of recorded structures.","PeriodicalId":272460,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Archeologiczny","volume":"5 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article concerns the early medieval settlement at Niedźwiedź/Steklin located on Lake Steklin in the Dobrzyń Land commonly identified with the castrum Steclyn mentioned in the so-called Mogilno Falsification of 1065. Although research has up to now produced relatively little information on the stronghold itself, numerous luxury items discovered on the lake bottom within the remains of the wharves, as well as a bullion hoard recently found in a suburbium settlement testify to the special importance ofthis place on the northeastern border of the Piast state. The article discusses the origins and functions of the stronghold, as well as its role in the local supra-local settlement structure. It is also shown that its location directly on the long-distance route leading from Gniezno through Mogilno and Kujawy to Prussia enabled communication with Benedictine monks.
{"title":"The Piast castrum Steclyn - on the way towards Prussia","authors":"Wojciech Chudziak","doi":"10.23858/pa71.2023.3041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/pa71.2023.3041","url":null,"abstract":"The article concerns the early medieval settlement at Niedźwiedź/Steklin located on Lake Steklin in the Dobrzyń Land commonly identified with the castrum Steclyn mentioned in the so-called Mogilno Falsification of 1065. Although research has up to now produced relatively little information on the stronghold itself, numerous luxury items discovered on the lake bottom within the remains of the wharves, as well as a bullion hoard recently found in a suburbium settlement testify to the special importance ofthis place on the northeastern border of the Piast state. The article discusses the origins and functions of the stronghold, as well as its role in the local supra-local settlement structure. It is also shown that its location directly on the long-distance route leading from Gniezno through Mogilno and Kujawy to Prussia enabled communication with Benedictine monks.","PeriodicalId":272460,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Archeologiczny","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the caves of South East Asia, artefacts from the Pleistocene period known as the Hoabinhian culture are found. They also include the oldest evidence of using pottery technology in this region. The adoption of the new technology can be seen as a deeper specialization within the hunter-gatherer economy. The use of pottery facilitates and accelerates the thermal processing of food (i.e., cooking or possibly roasting). In addition, some foods require prolonged or repeated cooking; otherwise, they may be toxic or difficult to digest. The article analyzes vessels fragments from the XomTrai Cave and additionally from the Hiem Cave – both in Hoà Bình Province in Vietnam. Based on physical characteristics, four formal and technological groups were distinguished, corresponding to three phases of use. The first is related to the decline of the Hoabinhian communities – the so-called Dabutian (the Da But culture), the second with the early Neolithic Phung Nguyen culture (or horizon), and the third with the early Bronze Age Go Mun culture.
{"title":"The beginnings of pottery technology in Vietnam based on finds from the Xom Trai Cave in the Hoà Bình Province","authors":"Tomasz Gralak, Viet Nguyen","doi":"10.23858/pa71.2023.2872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/pa71.2023.2872","url":null,"abstract":"In the caves of South East Asia, artefacts from the Pleistocene period known as the Hoabinhian culture are found. They also include the oldest evidence of using pottery technology in this region. The adoption of the new technology can be seen as a deeper specialization within the hunter-gatherer economy. The use of pottery facilitates and accelerates the thermal processing of food (i.e., cooking or possibly roasting). In addition, some foods require prolonged or repeated cooking; otherwise, they may be toxic or difficult to digest. The article analyzes vessels fragments from the XomTrai Cave and additionally from the Hiem Cave – both in Hoà Bình Province in Vietnam. Based on physical characteristics, four formal and technological groups were distinguished, corresponding to three phases of use. The first is related to the decline of the Hoabinhian communities – the so-called Dabutian (the Da But culture), the second with the early Neolithic Phung Nguyen culture (or horizon), and the third with the early Bronze Age Go Mun culture.","PeriodicalId":272460,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Archeologiczny","volume":"8 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bibliografia prac Prof. dr. hab. Bogusława Gedigi","authors":"Izabella Dolata-Daszkiewicz","doi":"10.23858/pa71.2023.3503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23858/pa71.2023.3503","url":null,"abstract":"-","PeriodicalId":272460,"journal":{"name":"Przegląd Archeologiczny","volume":"24 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134954039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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