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2016 International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (INDEL)最新文献

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Modelling the generation of Joule heating in defective thin oxide films 在有缺陷的氧化薄膜中模拟焦耳热的产生
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797782
A. Haris, Kico Iris, Tahirbegovic Anel, M. Adnan, H. Senad
Thin oxide films are dominantly used as insulating materials in a wide range of CMOS electronic devices. Continuous scaling, governed by Moores Law, dictates that the thickness of oxides materials could be as thin as a few nanometers. Consequently, a generation of oxide defects, through field-driven and thermal-driven processes, presents a serious reliability challenge. On the other hand, a controllable formation of oxide defects in simple metal-insulator (oxide)-metal devices has recently attracted significant attention for the realization of Resistive RAMs (RRAMs) novel type of non-volatile memory technology that offers a low programming energy [1], a rapid switching [2], and a very high levels of integration [3]. In this paper we model the generating of Joule heating as a result of the current flow through a defective thin oxide layer. We use the representation of resistive network as well as the Fourier Heat Equation to simulate the oxide matrix and the heat flow. Our simulation demonstrates that temperatures generated by the Joule heating can easily reach the value of 900K or more after a few hundred microseconds. Precise control of the current flow timing is the key parameter to prevent the extensive heating and the oxide damage.
氧化物薄膜主要用作各种CMOS电子器件的绝缘材料。根据摩尔定律,氧化物材料的厚度可以薄到几纳米。因此,通过场驱动和热驱动工艺产生的氧化缺陷对可靠性提出了严重的挑战。另一方面,在简单的金属-绝缘体(氧化物)-金属器件中,氧化物缺陷的可控形成最近引起了人们对电阻存储器(rram)的极大关注,这种新型非易失性存储器技术提供了低编程能量[1]、快速开关[2]和非常高的集成度[3]。在本文中,我们模拟了由于电流流过有缺陷的薄氧化层而产生的焦耳加热。我们用电阻网络的表示和傅里叶热方程来模拟氧化基和热流。我们的模拟表明,焦耳加热产生的温度在几百微秒后很容易达到900K或更高的值。精确控制电流时间是防止大面积发热和氧化损伤的关键参数。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling and analysis of DC-DC SEPIC converter with coupled inductors 带耦合电感的DC-DC SEPIC变换器建模与分析
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797807
Onur Kircioglu, Murat Unlu, S. Çamur
Nowadays, DC/DC converters are widely used in industrial applications and renewable energy systems. A SEPIC (single-ended primary inductance converter) DC-DC converter is capable of operating in either step-up or step-down mode and commonly used in a battery charger system. This paper presents the modeling and analyzing of the SEPIC with coupled and uncoupled inductors. In this study, the state-space averaged (SSA) model is established and built in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The obtained SEPIC model was simulated for different input parameters, and results of coupled and uncoupled are compared. Moreover, the small signal model is used for linearization of the SSA model of the SEPIC with coupled and uncoupled inductors, hence the transfer function of control (duty cycle) to output voltage is formulated. Bode plots of the duty cycle to output voltage transfer functions are constructed, and the result can be used in various applications to design a closed-loop controller to regulate the output voltage.
目前,DC/DC变换器广泛应用于工业应用和可再生能源系统中。SEPIC(单端初级电感转换器)DC-DC转换器能够在升压或降压模式下工作,通常用于电池充电器系统。本文对具有耦合和不耦合电感的SEPIC进行了建模和分析。本文在MATLAB/Simulink环境下建立了状态空间平均(SSA)模型。对得到的SEPIC模型在不同输入参数下进行了仿真,并对耦合和不耦合的结果进行了比较。利用小信号模型对电感耦合和非耦合SEPIC的SSA模型进行线性化处理,得到控制占空比对输出电压的传递函数。构造了占空比到输出电压传递函数的波德图,其结果可用于各种应用中设计闭环控制器来调节输出电压。
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引用次数: 35
Performance analysis of control schemes for direct torque control of dual three-phase induction machine 双三相感应电机直接转矩控制方案的性能分析
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797792
Aleksandar Markovic, P. Matić
In this paper performance analysis of Direct Torque Control (DTC) schemes for control of dual three-phase induction machine is presented. Several hysteresis comparator based DTC schemes with variable switching frequency and a space vector modulation based DTC scheme with constant switching frequency are under the scope. The schemes are modeled and systematically analyzed by intensive computer simulations. The results of these two DTC approaches are compared. Criteria for performance analysis are quality of torque control, x1-y1 subspace copper losses and simplicity of implementation.
本文对双三相感应电机的直接转矩控制(DTC)方案进行了性能分析。本文讨论了几种基于变开关频率迟滞比较器的DTC方案和基于恒定开关频率空间矢量调制的DTC方案。通过密集的计算机模拟,对这些方案进行了建模和系统分析。比较了两种DTC方法的结果。性能分析的标准是转矩控制的质量、x1-y1子空间铜损耗和实现的简单性。
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引用次数: 0
Novel architecture for networked control systems 网络化控制系统的新架构
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797806
A. Rakic, N. Bezanic, I. Popović
In this paper a novel architecture for control system design in networked environment is presented, where the consistent distribution of the control system functionalities is proposed to the dedicated time-aware system components. The sensing, actuating and algorithmic functionalities are uniformly encapsulated into the passive system components utilized as a network-accessible service groups. Service agents are introduced as novel active components of the distributed middleware that provide automation of real-time data transport between the service groups across the arbitrary control system network topology. The networked control system architecture and operation are verified through drying chamber temperature control case study where generalized predictive control algorithm is used for the process control and recursive least-square estimation for the monitoring and fault detection. The main benefit of the proposed architecture can be found in the domain of the system integration which is effectively decoupled from the design of individual system components. The system integration can be performed in run-time through the configuration of the consisting system components and the need of specialized closed-loop application is eliminated. System with just basic functionalities can be easily upgraded to full fault detection and SCADA coverage or any other advanced functionality.
本文提出了一种新的网络环境下控制系统设计体系结构,该体系结构将控制系统的功能一致地分配给专用的时间感知系统组件。传感、驱动和算法功能被统一封装到作为网络可访问服务组使用的被动系统组件中。服务代理作为分布式中间件的新颖活动组件被引入,它提供了跨任意控制系统网络拓扑的服务组之间实时数据传输的自动化。通过干燥室温度控制实例,验证了网络化控制系统的结构和运行,其中过程控制采用广义预测控制算法,监测和故障检测采用递推最小二乘估计。所提出的体系结构的主要好处可以在系统集成领域找到,它有效地从单个系统组件的设计中解耦。通过对组成系统组件的配置,可以在运行时完成系统集成,从而消除了对专用闭环应用程序的需求。只有基本功能的系统可以很容易地升级到全故障检测和SCADA覆盖或任何其他高级功能。
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引用次数: 2
The variable geometry inductors for the energy harvesting applications 用于能量收集应用的可变几何电感器
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797790
N. Djuric, G. Mijatović, D. Antic, K. Kasas-Lazetic
The energy harvesting applications becomes omnipresent, utilizing different harvesting techniques to collect energy from ambient. Recently, the electromagnetic field energy harvesting attracted attention, with objective to provide nearly unlimited power supply, particularly for variety of the low-power electronic devices. Furthermore, the inductive assemblies have been recognized as reliable, low cost and adaptive collectors for such kind of energy. Therefore, in this preliminary research paper, the inductive sensors with variable geometry have been analyzed, regarding increase of their overall inductance, with a basic idea to try in that way to collect and store more energy from surrounding electro magnetic field. The approach of partial inductance modeling has been used for the performance analyses of those inductors.
能量收集应用变得无处不在,利用不同的收集技术从环境中收集能量。近年来,电磁场能量收集引起了人们的关注,其目的是为各种低功耗电子设备提供几乎无限的电源。此外,感应组件已被认为是可靠的、低成本的和自适应的这种能量集热器。因此,在这篇初步的研究论文中,我们对可变几何形状的电感传感器进行了分析,从增加其整体电感的角度出发,其基本思路是尝试从周围的电磁场中收集和储存更多的能量。采用局部电感建模的方法对这些电感进行了性能分析。
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引用次数: 6
Efficient finite control set-model predictive control for grid-connected photovoltaic inverters 并网光伏逆变器的高效有限控制集模型预测控制
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797793
Kazi Islam, Mohamed Abdelrahem, R. Kennel
Finite control set-model predictive control (FCS-MPC) is a promising control scheme for power converters/inverters and electric drives due to its flexibility and simplicity. Using all the possible voltage vectors (VVs) generated by the inverter (7 VVs for 2-level inverter) and a discrete-time model of the system, the future behavior of the inverter can be predicted. Then, a certain cost function is employed for selecting the best switching action that will be applied in the next sampling interval (7 evaluations of the cost function are required). Accordingly, the main disadvantage of the traditional FCS-MPC scheme is the heavy calculation load. In this paper, an efficient FCS-MPC method for a grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) inverter is proposed in order to reduce the calculation burden of the traditional FCS-MPC. Based on the required reference current, the reference voltage vector (VV) is directly calculated. Then the sector where this reference VV is located is identified from its angle. Consequently, the cost function is evaluated only three times to obtain the optimal switching vector. The performance of the proposed efficient FCS-MPC is compared with the traditional FCS-MPC and voltage oriented control (VOC) schemes by simulation results for all operation conditions.
有限控制集模型预测控制(FCS-MPC)由于其灵活性和简单性,是一种很有前途的电力变换器/逆变器和电力驱动控制方案。利用逆变器产生的所有可能的电压矢量(vv)(2电平逆变器为7个电压矢量)和系统的离散时间模型,可以预测逆变器的未来行为。然后,使用一定的代价函数来选择在下一个采样间隔中应用的最佳切换动作(需要对代价函数进行7次评估)。因此,传统的FCS-MPC方案的主要缺点是计算量大。为了减轻传统的FCS-MPC算法的计算负担,本文提出了一种高效的并网光伏逆变器FCS-MPC算法。根据所需的参考电流,直接计算参考电压矢量(VV)。然后从这个参考VV所在的扇区的角度来确定它。因此,成本函数只被评估三次,以获得最优的切换向量。仿真结果表明,本文提出的高效FCS-MPC与传统的FCS-MPC和电压定向控制(VOC)方案在各种工况下的性能进行了比较。
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引用次数: 18
Analysis of generalized droop control in medium and low voltage power electric grids 中低压电网广义下垂控制分析
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797817
M. Stanojević, K. Kasas-Lazetic, Nikola Duric, M. Prsa
The grid impedance ratio R/X value is the starting point for several conventional studies, such as DC power flow calculations. The conventional studies can be replaced with more generalized studies, in which the grid impedance ratio plays an important role. This paper presents a generalized droop control approach without the requisite estimation of the grid impedance ratio. Instead of performing large mathematical calculations, in order to estimate the grid impedance ratio, it is assumed that this ratio maintains a constant impact on the generalized droop control in medium and low voltage power electric grids. In this paper the performances of such a generalized droop control approach are compared to the performances of the conventional droop control approach, observing a system with two parallel connected voltage source inverters. Simulation results figure out the great advantages in application of modified generalized droop control, compared to the conventional droop control - maintaining better voltage levels as well as a more reasonable power sharing behavior.
栅极阻抗比R/X值是许多传统研究的起点,例如直流潮流计算。传统的研究可以被更广义的研究所取代,其中栅极阻抗比起着重要的作用。本文提出了一种不需要估计栅格阻抗比的广义下垂控制方法。为了估计栅极阻抗比,不需要进行大量的数学计算,而是假设栅极阻抗比对中低压电网的广义下垂控制保持恒定的影响。本文通过对两个电压源逆变器并联系统的观察,将这种广义下垂控制方法与传统下垂控制方法的性能进行了比较。仿真结果表明,与传统的下垂控制相比,改进的广义下垂控制具有保持更好的电压水平和更合理的功率共享行为的巨大优势。
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引用次数: 2
Low-voltage low-power CMOS design 低电压低功耗CMOS设计
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797813
B. Dokic, T. Pesic-Brdanin, D. Čavka
Minimal power dissipation is one of the main characteristics of portable devices, smart sensor networks and nodes, medical equipments, etc. The best choice is the sub threshold CMOS regime, where supply voltage is lower than threshold voltage of MOS transistor. In this paper it is shown that in sub threshold CMOS regime, dissipation is influenced by transistor threshold voltage, beside supply voltage and CMOS technology parameters. It is shown that by decreasing threshold voltage the total dissipation increases. An energy efficient design means multiple-threshold CMOS. The analytic model of CMOS inverter dissipation is confirmed with simulations of 1-bit adder in P Spice, with implementation of 90 nm CMOS technology parameters.
最小功耗是便携式设备、智能传感器网络和节点、医疗设备等的主要特征之一。最佳的选择是亚阈值CMOS模式,即电源电压低于MOS晶体管的阈值电压。本文表明,在亚阈值CMOS状态下,耗散受晶体管阈值电压、电源电压和CMOS工艺参数的影响。结果表明,随着阈值电压的降低,总耗散增大。节能设计意味着多阈值CMOS。通过P Spice中1位加法器的仿真验证了CMOS逆变器耗散的解析模型,并实现了90 nm CMOS工艺参数。
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引用次数: 0
Multilevel inverter for standalone application with selective harmonic elimination 用于独立应用的多电平逆变器,具有选择性谐波消除
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797818
H. Goh, C. W. Ling, Q. S. Chua, K. Goh, S. Lee
Renewable energy demand increases due to environmentally friendly. Power electronics development enhance the power quality produced. Standalone application multilevel inverter can help in improve rural area which is no electrified. For a multilevel inverter, the output required low total harmonics distortion and voltage boosting character. However, the conventional multilevel inverter are high distortion with high switching frequency. This paper is presenting multilevel inverter with selective harmonics elimination on reduce total harmonics distortion (THD) apply in standalone concept. 9-level cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter is applied with optimize harmonics stepped waveform (OSHW) to compare performance with sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM). In OSHW, selective harmonics elimination is used to reduce the low harmonics component which is 3rd, 5th and 7th harmonics. Genetic algorithm are applied to solve the non-linear equation on solving the best switching angle. The result show OHSW have lower THD then SPWM. Meanwhile OHSW eliminated low harmonics component by the aid of genetic algorithm which exist due to the low switching frequency.
由于环境友好,可再生能源需求增加。电力电子技术的发展提高了电能质量。单机应用多电平逆变器可以帮助改善农村地区的无电状况。对于一个多电平逆变器,输出要求低总谐波失真和电压升压特性。然而,传统的多电平逆变器存在开关频率高、畸变大的问题。本文介绍了采用选择性谐波消除技术的多电平逆变器,以降低总谐波失真(THD)。采用优化谐波阶跃波形(OSHW)对9电平级联h桥多电平逆变器与正弦脉宽调制(SPWM)进行性能比较。在OSHW中,采用选择性谐波消去来减少低次谐波分量,即三、五、七次谐波。采用遗传算法求解非线性方程,求解最佳开关角。结果表明,OHSW比SPWM具有更低的THD。同时,利用遗传算法消除了由于开关频率低而存在的低次谐波分量。
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引用次数: 1
On the importance of electromagnetic models in RFIC design 论电磁模型在RFIC设计中的重要性
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/INDEL.2016.7797781
D. Grujić, Pavle Jovanović, M. Savic, L. Saranovac
Proper inclusion of EM analysis in the design flow of RF integrated circuits (RFIC) proves to be essential in avoiding costly re-spins, reducing both design cost and time-to-market. However, EM modeling and simulation is not straight-forward, due to the nature and complexity of the EM analysis, as well as the relative immaturity of the methodology and integration of appropriate tools in traditional IC design flow. The aim of this paper is to assist the RFIC designer in the area of EM simulation, first with presenting some modeling and simulation issues that are of importance for successful design, followed by a set of design examples presented from an EM perspective, illustrating problems, possible solution, and emphasizing the importance of EM modeling and simulation in modern RFIC design.
在射频集成电路(RFIC)的设计流程中适当地包含EM分析对于避免昂贵的重新旋转,降低设计成本和上市时间至关重要。然而,由于EM分析的性质和复杂性,以及传统IC设计流程中方法和适当工具的集成相对不成熟,EM建模和仿真并不直截了当。本文的目的是帮助RFIC设计师在EM仿真领域,首先提出一些对成功设计很重要的建模和仿真问题,然后从EM角度提出一组设计示例,说明问题,可能的解决方案,并强调EM建模和仿真在现代RFIC设计中的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2016 International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (INDEL)
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