Background: Breastfeeding has nutritional, immunological, behavioral, economic benefits, provides mother-infant bonding. Understanding women’s awareness, views preconception, during pregnancy is increasingly being recognized as vital for providing effective support that would encourage best of breastfeeding. Objective: Community based study was done to know about rural tribal women’s awareness, views, about breastfeeding, preconception and during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: After institute’s ethics committee’s approval, present study was carried out in tribal communities of 100 villages where community-based mother child care activities were initiated after having developed a health facility for 24 hrs 7 days services in one of the 100 villages. Minimum 20 from each village, making a total of 2400 nonpregnant women, 1040 pregnant women of 15 to 45 years old, minimum 10 from each village became study subjects. All women were interviewed in villages. Information regarding their awareness about breastfeeding preconception and during pregnancy was collected after taking consent. Results: All 2400 women interviewed preconception said, they knew that breastmilk was best. After birth they would not give anything other than breastmilk to their babies. However only 726 (30.25%) women knew that mothers first milk after birth decreased risk of diseases, 502 (20.92%) said mothers’ milk was easily digested by baby and 1172 (48.83%) said that mothers milk helped in proper growth of baby. Out of 1040, pregnant women, 999 (96%) were aware of advantages of exclusive breastfeeding and 921 (97.7%) also favored immediate breastfeeding. Only 22 (2.3%) said initiation of breastfeeding should be delayed. Conclusion: While rural women preconception, during pregnancy were aware that breast milk was best of breastfeeding. But they were not aware about initiation of breastfeeding at the earliest, colostrum and exclusive breastfeeding which is needed even in present era.
{"title":"Community Based Study of Awareness of Breastfeeding Amongst Rural Tribal Women, Preconception and During Pregnancy.","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/sjogr.02.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/sjogr.02.1006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breastfeeding has nutritional, immunological, behavioral, economic benefits, provides mother-infant bonding. Understanding women’s awareness, views preconception, during pregnancy is increasingly being recognized as vital for providing effective support that would encourage best of breastfeeding. Objective: Community based study was done to know about rural tribal women’s awareness, views, about breastfeeding, preconception and during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: After institute’s ethics committee’s approval, present study was carried out in tribal communities of 100 villages where community-based mother child care activities were initiated after having developed a health facility for 24 hrs 7 days services in one of the 100 villages. Minimum 20 from each village, making a total of 2400 nonpregnant women, 1040 pregnant women of 15 to 45 years old, minimum 10 from each village became study subjects. All women were interviewed in villages. Information regarding their awareness about breastfeeding preconception and during pregnancy was collected after taking consent. Results: All 2400 women interviewed preconception said, they knew that breastmilk was best. After birth they would not give anything other than breastmilk to their babies. However only 726 (30.25%) women knew that mothers first milk after birth decreased risk of diseases, 502 (20.92%) said mothers’ milk was easily digested by baby and 1172 (48.83%) said that mothers milk helped in proper growth of baby. Out of 1040, pregnant women, 999 (96%) were aware of advantages of exclusive breastfeeding and 921 (97.7%) also favored immediate breastfeeding. Only 22 (2.3%) said initiation of breastfeeding should be delayed. Conclusion: While rural women preconception, during pregnancy were aware that breast milk was best of breastfeeding. But they were not aware about initiation of breastfeeding at the earliest, colostrum and exclusive breastfeeding which is needed even in present era.","PeriodicalId":273647,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126808625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To describe the effects of intra-ovarian platelet-rich plasma injection on the ovarian stimulation outcomes in women referring to an in vitro fertilization center. Method: We conducted a single-center retrospective study on 179 women that underwent intra-ovarian platelet-rich plasma injection over the last three years. Inclusion criteria included women over age 35 with at least one ovary with a history of infertility, hormonal abnormalities, absence of menstrual cycle and premature ovarian failure. Results: Mean (±SD) patient age was 43 ± 4 years. Both serum FSH levels and serum E2 significantly reduced after treatment from 29.0 pg/ml to 18.0 pg/ml; p<0.0001 and from 65.6 pg/ml to 47.2 pg/ml; p= 0.034 respectively. None of the 179 women reported any complications post operatively. After PRP, 17/179 (9.49%) women became pregnant. Conclusion: The results of our observational study revealed that PRP intra-οvarian injection is associated with improved function of ovarian tissue. Future further randomized clinical trials in this field are needed to shed light in the use of PRP in ovarian rejuvenation.
{"title":"Intra-Ovarian Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections: Single-Centre Experience.","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/sjogr.02.1005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/sjogr.02.1005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To describe the effects of intra-ovarian platelet-rich plasma injection on the ovarian stimulation outcomes in women referring to an in vitro fertilization center. Method: We conducted a single-center retrospective study on 179 women that underwent intra-ovarian platelet-rich plasma injection over the last three years. Inclusion criteria included women over age 35 with at least one ovary with a history of infertility, hormonal abnormalities, absence of menstrual cycle and premature ovarian failure. Results: Mean (±SD) patient age was 43 ± 4 years. Both serum FSH levels and serum E2 significantly reduced after treatment from 29.0 pg/ml to 18.0 pg/ml; p<0.0001 and from 65.6 pg/ml to 47.2 pg/ml; p= 0.034 respectively. None of the 179 women reported any complications post operatively. After PRP, 17/179 (9.49%) women became pregnant. Conclusion: The results of our observational study revealed that PRP intra-οvarian injection is associated with improved function of ovarian tissue. Future further randomized clinical trials in this field are needed to shed light in the use of PRP in ovarian rejuvenation.","PeriodicalId":273647,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research","volume":"201 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122178307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background: Vaginal discharge is one of the most common complaint of patients presenting in Gynecology OPD and clinical diagnosis remains subjective, hence the present study was conducted to compare clinical diagnosis with simple side lab tests with swabs sent to microbiology laboratory for further evaluation and results compared to evaluate whether diagnosis can be improved. Material and methods: Vaginal swabs were collected from 100 sexually active patients presenting with vaginal discharge for Wet mount (direct microscopy and KOH mount), pH test and Whiff test (labeled as side lab test for presumptive diagnosis) and for relevant cultures in laboratory of microbiology Department. Results: The study revealed poor correlation (19%) between clinical diagnosis and final laboratory diagnosis (kappa coefficient 0.1982). This may effect treatment provided only on the basis of clinical (visual) examination. However, very encouraging correlation (71%) was observed between presumptive and final lab diagnosis (kappa coefficient= 0.7149) The diagnostic accuracy of these side lab tests for physiological discharge, bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, mixed vaginitis, trichomoniasis was 84%, 88%, 95.1%, 89% and 98%, respectively, in reference to final lab tests. Conclusion: Simple side lab tests improve diagnosis of vaginitis and should be incorporated in all teaching and tertiary care centers for better management of vaginitis.
{"title":"Should Side Lab Tests for Diagnosis of Vaginitis Be Resumed.","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/sjogr.02.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/sjogr.02.1004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Vaginal discharge is one of the most common complaint of patients presenting in Gynecology OPD and clinical diagnosis remains subjective, hence the present study was conducted to compare clinical diagnosis with simple side lab tests with swabs sent to microbiology laboratory for further evaluation and results compared to evaluate whether diagnosis can be improved. Material and methods: Vaginal swabs were collected from 100 sexually active patients presenting with vaginal discharge for Wet mount (direct microscopy and KOH mount), pH test and Whiff test (labeled as side lab test for presumptive diagnosis) and for relevant cultures in laboratory of microbiology Department. Results: The study revealed poor correlation (19%) between clinical diagnosis and final laboratory diagnosis (kappa coefficient 0.1982). This may effect treatment provided only on the basis of clinical (visual) examination. However, very encouraging correlation (71%) was observed between presumptive and final lab diagnosis (kappa coefficient= 0.7149) The diagnostic accuracy of these side lab tests for physiological discharge, bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, mixed vaginitis, trichomoniasis was 84%, 88%, 95.1%, 89% and 98%, respectively, in reference to final lab tests. Conclusion: Simple side lab tests improve diagnosis of vaginitis and should be incorporated in all teaching and tertiary care centers for better management of vaginitis.","PeriodicalId":273647,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122364359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Purpose: In the context of in vitro fertilization treatment ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome can lead to a serious illness. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood, but is associated with several cytokines, enzymes and growth factors. VEGF is considered among others to be a significant factor. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there are correlations between VEGF serum concentrations and clinical and biochemical parameters of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Thus, VEGF could be used as a clinical parameter of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Methods: Three patient groups were formed in which VEGF measurements were performed. In the first group, patients with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after stimulation treatment and hospitalization were examined. In the second group, patients with stimulation for in vitro fertilization but without OHSS were considered and in the third group, patients without stimulation treatment were recorded. The groups were comparatively statistically evaluated. Results: There was a clear association between the VEGF scores and duration of hospitalization in the diseased patients. The VEGF determinations did not differentiate between stimulated patients with and without ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. However, there was a significant difference between stimulated and unstimulated patients. Conclusion: The determination of VEGF seems to be of limited use as a clinically useful parameter for the assessment and prognosis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Methodological weakness of the retrospective study design should be a reason for caution in interpreting the results.
{"title":"Correlation Between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS); A Retrospective Study.","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/sjogr.02.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/sjogr.02.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose: In the context of in vitro fertilization treatment ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome can lead to a serious illness. Its pathogenesis is not fully understood, but is associated with several cytokines, enzymes and growth factors. VEGF is considered among others to be a significant factor. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there are correlations between VEGF serum concentrations and clinical and biochemical parameters of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Thus, VEGF could be used as a clinical parameter of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Methods: Three patient groups were formed in which VEGF measurements were performed. In the first group, patients with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome after stimulation treatment and hospitalization were examined. In the second group, patients with stimulation for in vitro fertilization but without OHSS were considered and in the third group, patients without stimulation treatment were recorded. The groups were comparatively statistically evaluated. Results: There was a clear association between the VEGF scores and duration of hospitalization in the diseased patients. The VEGF determinations did not differentiate between stimulated patients with and without ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. However, there was a significant difference between stimulated and unstimulated patients. Conclusion: The determination of VEGF seems to be of limited use as a clinically useful parameter for the assessment and prognosis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Methodological weakness of the retrospective study design should be a reason for caution in interpreting the results.","PeriodicalId":273647,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130313418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Poor ovarian response (POR) is a multifactorial problem with less ovarian reserve and its incidence varies between 9% and 24%, therefore, early identification is It is better to reduce the risk of cycle cancellation as well as side effects. Purpose: To compare the use of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone GnRH flare-up versus GnRH antagonist protocol, in poor responders preparing for Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection ICSI, as regards embryo quality, cycle parameters and clinical outcomes. Patients and methods: RCT included one hundred and six qualified poor responders performing ICSI were divided into 2 groups each containing 53 patients. Group 1 received GnRH flare-up protocol and group 2 received GnRH antagonist protocol. Data were collected for both groups. Results: No significant difference was found between both groups as regards patient age (p value 0.4), body mass index (p value 0.5), day 3 FSH level (p value 0.06), infertility cause, number of oocytes and MII oocytes and number of embryos transferred. Significant difference was found in the number of gonadotropin ampoules with less ampules in the flare-up group, 64 versus 76 ampules, peak estradiol level, which was higher in the flare-up group, 1192 versus 798 and the quality of embryos in favor of GnRH flare-up group (P-value= 0.017, 0.009 and 0.044) respectively. No significant difference was found in pregnancy and miscarriage rates (p value 0.90 and 0.87 respectively). Conclusion: Flare-up protocol is more effective than GnRH antagonist protocol as regards the improved embryo quality, with more top-quality embryos in the flare-up protocol group.
{"title":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist flare-up versus Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocols in poor responders undergoing Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection ICSI.","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/sjogr.01.1002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/sjogr.01.1002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Poor ovarian response (POR) is a multifactorial problem with less ovarian reserve and its incidence varies between 9% and 24%, therefore, early identification is It is better to reduce the risk of cycle cancellation as well as side effects. Purpose: To compare the use of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone GnRH flare-up versus GnRH antagonist protocol, in poor responders preparing for Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection ICSI, as regards embryo quality, cycle parameters and clinical outcomes. Patients and methods: RCT included one hundred and six qualified poor responders performing ICSI were divided into 2 groups each containing 53 patients. Group 1 received GnRH flare-up protocol and group 2 received GnRH antagonist protocol. Data were collected for both groups. Results: No significant difference was found between both groups as regards patient age (p value 0.4), body mass index (p value 0.5), day 3 FSH level (p value 0.06), infertility cause, number of oocytes and MII oocytes and number of embryos transferred. Significant difference was found in the number of gonadotropin ampoules with less ampules in the flare-up group, 64 versus 76 ampules, peak estradiol level, which was higher in the flare-up group, 1192 versus 798 and the quality of embryos in favor of GnRH flare-up group (P-value= 0.017, 0.009 and 0.044) respectively. No significant difference was found in pregnancy and miscarriage rates (p value 0.90 and 0.87 respectively). Conclusion: Flare-up protocol is more effective than GnRH antagonist protocol as regards the improved embryo quality, with more top-quality embryos in the flare-up protocol group.","PeriodicalId":273647,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research","volume":"119 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129270223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract We present a case of a 30-year-old female who presented with one month of worsening dyspnea. On admission she was having pleuritic chest pain with associated cough and worsening dyspnea. CTA showed a moderate sized pleural effusion with two hypodensities noted in the liver. Patient received several thoracenteses and had abdominal distension that required paracentesis, which showed transudative fluid initially. There was a noted supraclavicular lymph node, however the patient refused lymph node biopsy. Retroperitoneal lymph node, which was seen on CT abdomen, was eventually biopsied which showed metastatic carcinoma with squamoid differentiation with unknown primary. Beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (b-HCG) was rechecked for the biopsy and was mildly elevated to 33. The patient refused gynecological evaluation, pelvic ultrasound revealed a distended endometrial cavity with heterogeneous contents and a complex left adnexal cyst. Pelvic MRI noted a large cervical mass (4.6x4.5x3.8cm) with parametrial invasion. Subsequently her status declined, and she was intubated for hypoxic respiratory failure. Patient unfortunately passed away. Autopsy confirmed metastatic cervical cancer with significant tumor burden as evidence of >80% of the liver with tumor. Although the patient’s pap smear previously did not culture for HPV, the lymph node biopsy stained positive with Pap stain and shown that the carcinoid cells were most affected by HPV. Later is was found that 3.5 years prior the patient had a Pap smear positive for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion however was lost to follow up. Although there have been studies that have examined cervical cancer and the intracellular expression of b-hCG, serum b-hCG is not known to be elevated in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. For women presenting with wide spread disease, gynecological malignancies should be ruled out regardless of age.
{"title":"Unusual Presentation of Metastatic Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Serum Positive Beta Human Chorionic Gonadotropin.","authors":"","doi":"10.46940/sjogr.01.1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46940/sjogr.01.1001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We present a case of a 30-year-old female who presented with one month of worsening dyspnea. On admission she was having pleuritic chest pain with associated cough and worsening dyspnea. CTA showed a moderate sized pleural effusion with two hypodensities noted in the liver. Patient received several thoracenteses and had abdominal distension that required paracentesis, which showed transudative fluid initially. There was a noted supraclavicular lymph node, however the patient refused lymph node biopsy. Retroperitoneal lymph node, which was seen on CT abdomen, was eventually biopsied which showed metastatic carcinoma with squamoid differentiation with unknown primary. Beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (b-HCG) was rechecked for the biopsy and was mildly elevated to 33. The patient refused gynecological evaluation, pelvic ultrasound revealed a distended endometrial cavity with heterogeneous contents and a complex left adnexal cyst. Pelvic MRI noted a large cervical mass (4.6x4.5x3.8cm) with parametrial invasion. Subsequently her status declined, and she was intubated for hypoxic respiratory failure. Patient unfortunately passed away. Autopsy confirmed metastatic cervical cancer with significant tumor burden as evidence of >80% of the liver with tumor. Although the patient’s pap smear previously did not culture for HPV, the lymph node biopsy stained positive with Pap stain and shown that the carcinoid cells were most affected by HPV. Later is was found that 3.5 years prior the patient had a Pap smear positive for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion however was lost to follow up. Although there have been studies that have examined cervical cancer and the intracellular expression of b-hCG, serum b-hCG is not known to be elevated in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. For women presenting with wide spread disease, gynecological malignancies should be ruled out regardless of age.","PeriodicalId":273647,"journal":{"name":"SunKrist Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130981577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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