Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a7
C. Otto, P. Gretschel, E. Ramugondo
INTRODUCTION: The strong association between perinatal HIV infection and poor performance in academic learning is further challenged by various barriers to learning in the South African context of basic education. This study investigated the efficacy of a novel play-informed, caregiver-implemented, home-based intervention (PICIHBI) for improving academic learning in HIV-positive children METHODOLOGY: A single-blinded, randomised comparison group design was selected to compare PICHIBI with conventional one-on-one occupational therapy interventions. Children with HIV aged 5 to 8 years old on ART and their primary caregiver (N=23) were randomly allocated to an intervention group. The primary outcome of academic learning was measured using the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales-Extended Revised and the short form Beery-Buktenica Visual Motor Integration test, 5th edition at baseline, mid (5 months) and post-intervention (after 10 months RESULTS: At baseline, the total sample (n=23) presented with below-average performance in all assessed academic learning outcomes. Between-group differences for all academic learning outcomes were not significant at mid or post-test assessment points. A statistically significant within-group change in visual motor integration was noted in the PICIHBI from baseline to mid-test (p=.019). In the conventional group, there were statistically significant changes in visual perception from baseline to mid (p=.001) and baseline to post-test (p=.009). The sub scale Performance in the conventional group improved significantly from baseline to mid-test (p=.027 CONCLUSION: While improvements were noted, children in both groups continued to present with academic learning concerns at post-test. These concerns motivate the need for continued monitoring and further investigation into the feasibility and effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions targeting the academic learning challenges of this population Implications for practice This paper adds to an emerging body of evidence aiming to demonstrate the effect of occupational therapy interventions on occupational outcomes for children with perinatal HIV infection. The paper presents a detailed overview of the conceptualisation of learning as an occupational outcome. The paper further presents consideration of the practical challenges linked to the implementation of, adherence to and sustainability of rehabilitation interventions in low to middle-income countries.
{"title":"Comparing the impact of two occupational therapy interventions on academic learning outcomes for children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus","authors":"C. Otto, P. Gretschel, E. Ramugondo","doi":"10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a7","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The strong association between perinatal HIV infection and poor performance in academic learning is further challenged by various barriers to learning in the South African context of basic education. This study investigated the efficacy of a novel play-informed, caregiver-implemented, home-based intervention (PICIHBI) for improving academic learning in HIV-positive children METHODOLOGY: A single-blinded, randomised comparison group design was selected to compare PICHIBI with conventional one-on-one occupational therapy interventions. Children with HIV aged 5 to 8 years old on ART and their primary caregiver (N=23) were randomly allocated to an intervention group. The primary outcome of academic learning was measured using the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales-Extended Revised and the short form Beery-Buktenica Visual Motor Integration test, 5th edition at baseline, mid (5 months) and post-intervention (after 10 months RESULTS: At baseline, the total sample (n=23) presented with below-average performance in all assessed academic learning outcomes. Between-group differences for all academic learning outcomes were not significant at mid or post-test assessment points. A statistically significant within-group change in visual motor integration was noted in the PICIHBI from baseline to mid-test (p=.019). In the conventional group, there were statistically significant changes in visual perception from baseline to mid (p=.001) and baseline to post-test (p=.009). The sub scale Performance in the conventional group improved significantly from baseline to mid-test (p=.027 CONCLUSION: While improvements were noted, children in both groups continued to present with academic learning concerns at post-test. These concerns motivate the need for continued monitoring and further investigation into the feasibility and effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions targeting the academic learning challenges of this population Implications for practice This paper adds to an emerging body of evidence aiming to demonstrate the effect of occupational therapy interventions on occupational outcomes for children with perinatal HIV infection. The paper presents a detailed overview of the conceptualisation of learning as an occupational outcome. The paper further presents consideration of the practical challenges linked to the implementation of, adherence to and sustainability of rehabilitation interventions in low to middle-income countries.","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122914877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a4
Lisa-Mari de Klerk, Monia Kramer, Bianca Pieterse, Kirsten Anne Smith, Anthea Jansen, Omololu Aluko, B. Pretorius
INTRODUCTION: Empathy, often described as the comprehension of another person's state of mind, enables one to appreciate social environments and anticipate others' behaviour. In occupational therapy, the therapeutic use of self, which is grounded in empathy, is commonly considered essential, as it enables therapists to manage a therapeutic relationship with clients. However, high caseloads, stressors and pressure to perform often impact empathy levels. This study aimed to determine the empathy levels of undergraduate occupational therapy students, as well as factors affecting empathy levels METHOD: A quantitative approach was used, with an observational, cross-sectional study methodology, employing an electronic survey consisting of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and a questionnaire developed by the researchers RESULTS: In total, 112 (response rate 70.4%) students participated in the study. Overall, the students had a satisfactory level of empathy. Of concern, however, was the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and the lack of clinical fieldwork experience, which possibly contributed to the lower empathy levels observed among second-and third-year students CONCLUSION: From the findings, it is suggested that more attention should be given to empathy, as it plays an integral role in practice with clients, as well as in the training of occupational therapy students Implications for practice The findings suggest the opportunity for interventions and support systems that can help students manage high caseloads, stressors, and performance pressures, while also fostering and maintaining empathy. Implementing strategies such as stress management programs, mindfulness training, and self-care initiatives can help mitigate the negative impact on empathy levels and promote the development of empathetic skills in future occupational therapists. The research study's results have implications for the professional practice of occupational therapy. It emphasizes the need for ongoing education and training programs that focus on empathy development and maintenance throughout a therapist's career. By providing therapists with the tools, resources, and support to sustain their empathy levels in challenging work environments, the study suggests that the quality of care provided to clients can be enhanced, leading to better therapeutic outcomes and overall client satisfaction. Organizational changes within healthcare settings may be necessary to address workload issues and create a supportive environment that nurtures empathy among occupational therapy professionals.
{"title":"Empathy and associated influencing factors in occupational therapy students: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Lisa-Mari de Klerk, Monia Kramer, Bianca Pieterse, Kirsten Anne Smith, Anthea Jansen, Omololu Aluko, B. Pretorius","doi":"10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a4","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Empathy, often described as the comprehension of another person's state of mind, enables one to appreciate social environments and anticipate others' behaviour. In occupational therapy, the therapeutic use of self, which is grounded in empathy, is commonly considered essential, as it enables therapists to manage a therapeutic relationship with clients. However, high caseloads, stressors and pressure to perform often impact empathy levels. This study aimed to determine the empathy levels of undergraduate occupational therapy students, as well as factors affecting empathy levels METHOD: A quantitative approach was used, with an observational, cross-sectional study methodology, employing an electronic survey consisting of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and a questionnaire developed by the researchers RESULTS: In total, 112 (response rate 70.4%) students participated in the study. Overall, the students had a satisfactory level of empathy. Of concern, however, was the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and the lack of clinical fieldwork experience, which possibly contributed to the lower empathy levels observed among second-and third-year students CONCLUSION: From the findings, it is suggested that more attention should be given to empathy, as it plays an integral role in practice with clients, as well as in the training of occupational therapy students Implications for practice The findings suggest the opportunity for interventions and support systems that can help students manage high caseloads, stressors, and performance pressures, while also fostering and maintaining empathy. Implementing strategies such as stress management programs, mindfulness training, and self-care initiatives can help mitigate the negative impact on empathy levels and promote the development of empathetic skills in future occupational therapists. The research study's results have implications for the professional practice of occupational therapy. It emphasizes the need for ongoing education and training programs that focus on empathy development and maintenance throughout a therapist's career. By providing therapists with the tools, resources, and support to sustain their empathy levels in challenging work environments, the study suggests that the quality of care provided to clients can be enhanced, leading to better therapeutic outcomes and overall client satisfaction. Organizational changes within healthcare settings may be necessary to address workload issues and create a supportive environment that nurtures empathy among occupational therapy professionals.","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129472419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a6
Nonjabulo Ndaba, Nicole van Heerden, Jessica Heaver, Sonali Rambhuron, Fariyah Khan, Busisiwe Shandu, Ilda Ndlovu, D. Naidoo, P. Govender, B. Pretorius
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a worldwide shift of academic programmes towards a predominantly online forum. There was therefore a need to explore how students experienced these shifts to ensure optimal learning. This study describes students' experiences of online teaching, learning and assessment and perception of their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study was employed using a four-part self-administered online survey. Following a pilot study with 11 community service occupational therapists, the survey was sent to all eligible participants (N=118) with a response rate of 85% (n=91). Data were collected from second to fourth year registered occupational therapy students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in 2021. Data were analysed descriptively using R Studio Suite RESULTS: Over 50% of the students reported a positive online experience. Adequate access to infrastructure enabled optimal online learning. However, students experienced difficulty with structuring self-study time, theoretical application and time allocated for online tests. Additional challenges included stress and time management and managing the increased requirements for self-directed learning. Coping was enhanced by the availability and access to student support services CONCLUSION: The key issues identified in the study need to be addressed to enhance online delivery of the curriculum IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Online teaching, learning, and assessment in occupational therapy curriculum requires review and adaptation to facilitate optimal student learning On an online platform, or with digital learning, students require support with aspects such as structuring of their self-directed learning time, personal time and stress management An understanding of the online experiences of students may assist in the development and revision of curricula that are responsive to students' needs and which may aid in optimal learning outcomes.
导言:2019冠状病毒病大流行导致全球学术课程转向以在线论坛为主。因此，有必要探索学生如何经历这些转变，以确保最佳的学习。本研究描述了2019冠状病毒病大流行期间学生在线教学、学习和评估的经历以及对其心理健康的感知。方法:采用描述性横断面定量研究，采用四部分自我管理的在线调查。在对11名社区服务职业治疗师进行初步研究后，将调查问卷发送给所有符合条件的参与者(N=118)，回复率为85% (N= 91)。数据收集自2021年夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省大学二至四年级注册职业治疗学生。使用R Studio Suite对数据进行了描述性分析。结果:超过50%的学生报告了积极的在线体验。充分利用基础设施可以实现最佳的在线学习。然而，学生们在安排自学时间、理论应用和分配在线测试时间方面遇到了困难。其他挑战包括压力和时间管理，以及管理对自主学习日益增加的需求。学生支持服务的可用性和可及性提高了学生的应对能力。研究中确定的关键问题需要得到解决，以加强课程的在线交付对实践的影响职业治疗课程的在线教学、学习和评估需要进行审查和调整，以促进学生的最佳学习。在在线平台或数字化学习中，学生需要在组织自主学习时间等方面得到支持。个人时间和压力管理了解学生的在线体验可以帮助开发和修订课程，以满足学生的需求，并有助于获得最佳的学习成果。
{"title":"Experiences of online occupational therapy education during the COVID-19 pandemic at a South African university","authors":"Nonjabulo Ndaba, Nicole van Heerden, Jessica Heaver, Sonali Rambhuron, Fariyah Khan, Busisiwe Shandu, Ilda Ndlovu, D. Naidoo, P. Govender, B. Pretorius","doi":"10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a6","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a worldwide shift of academic programmes towards a predominantly online forum. There was therefore a need to explore how students experienced these shifts to ensure optimal learning. This study describes students' experiences of online teaching, learning and assessment and perception of their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study was employed using a four-part self-administered online survey. Following a pilot study with 11 community service occupational therapists, the survey was sent to all eligible participants (N=118) with a response rate of 85% (n=91). Data were collected from second to fourth year registered occupational therapy students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal in 2021. Data were analysed descriptively using R Studio Suite RESULTS: Over 50% of the students reported a positive online experience. Adequate access to infrastructure enabled optimal online learning. However, students experienced difficulty with structuring self-study time, theoretical application and time allocated for online tests. Additional challenges included stress and time management and managing the increased requirements for self-directed learning. Coping was enhanced by the availability and access to student support services CONCLUSION: The key issues identified in the study need to be addressed to enhance online delivery of the curriculum IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Online teaching, learning, and assessment in occupational therapy curriculum requires review and adaptation to facilitate optimal student learning On an online platform, or with digital learning, students require support with aspects such as structuring of their self-directed learning time, personal time and stress management An understanding of the online experiences of students may assist in the development and revision of curricula that are responsive to students' needs and which may aid in optimal learning outcomes.","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"242 3‐5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132442990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a2
Shelley Louise Barter, Alexandra Jean Williams, G. Rencken, Nonjabulo Ndaba, P. Govender, Hester van Biljon
INTRODUCTION: In occupational therapy, three-dimensional printing is being explored as an alternative design and manufacturing technique to the conventional fabrication of orthotics and assistive devices. The global applications and literature are rapidly growing, but the South African - specific literature is deficient. The Technology Acceptance Model depicts that one's perception of any particular technology is a significant determinant of their acceptance of it, determining whether the technology system is successfully adopted or disregarded AIM: To determine the perceived acceptance of three-dimensional printing technology amongst occupational therapists in KwaZulu-Natal and whether exposure to the technology system, in the form of a three-dimensional printing workshop, influences their perception of the technology METHOD: The study followed a multi-method design consisting of two phases; phase one involved the creation of the intervention tool (workshop), which was developed through a process guided by Design-Based Research. Phase two involved the implementation of the intervention and data collection. Therapists documented their perceptions in a questionnaire before and after exposure; following a pre and post-test design, enabling comparison. The questionnaires were based on the Technology Acceptance Model, including 13 questions scored on a seven-point Likert scale and five open-ended questions. The quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and qualitative data were analysed thematically RESULTS: All four categories of the Technology Acceptance Model-based questionnaire displayed a significant change (p < 0.05) between the pre and post-test responses, with a medium effect size CONCLUSION: Exposure to three-dimensional printing influences therapists' perception of the technology IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE • The application of Three-Dimensional Printing (3DP) in occupational therapy practice has the potential to enable increased accuracy and precision of items fabricated by therapists; enabling customisation and individualisation to the exact specifications of a patient. • 3DP can open doors to a broad spectrum of items that are not easily accessible, affordable, or not even available, accessing ideas and blueprints from a global pool of resources through open-source sites. • With the process of fabrication being digital, not only does this reduce manual labour, but fabricating without touching the patient can reduce pain and prevent disruption of a repair/ surgical site/ wound. • The digital process also allows patients to see and visualise the product during the design process, enabling input prior to printing, contributing to reduced wastage.
{"title":"Occupational therapists' acceptance of 3D printing","authors":"Shelley Louise Barter, Alexandra Jean Williams, G. Rencken, Nonjabulo Ndaba, P. Govender, Hester van Biljon","doi":"10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a2","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: In occupational therapy, three-dimensional printing is being explored as an alternative design and manufacturing technique to the conventional fabrication of orthotics and assistive devices. The global applications and literature are rapidly growing, but the South African - specific literature is deficient. The Technology Acceptance Model depicts that one's perception of any particular technology is a significant determinant of their acceptance of it, determining whether the technology system is successfully adopted or disregarded AIM: To determine the perceived acceptance of three-dimensional printing technology amongst occupational therapists in KwaZulu-Natal and whether exposure to the technology system, in the form of a three-dimensional printing workshop, influences their perception of the technology METHOD: The study followed a multi-method design consisting of two phases; phase one involved the creation of the intervention tool (workshop), which was developed through a process guided by Design-Based Research. Phase two involved the implementation of the intervention and data collection. Therapists documented their perceptions in a questionnaire before and after exposure; following a pre and post-test design, enabling comparison. The questionnaires were based on the Technology Acceptance Model, including 13 questions scored on a seven-point Likert scale and five open-ended questions. The quantitative data were analysed descriptively, and qualitative data were analysed thematically RESULTS: All four categories of the Technology Acceptance Model-based questionnaire displayed a significant change (p < 0.05) between the pre and post-test responses, with a medium effect size CONCLUSION: Exposure to three-dimensional printing influences therapists' perception of the technology IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE • The application of Three-Dimensional Printing (3DP) in occupational therapy practice has the potential to enable increased accuracy and precision of items fabricated by therapists; enabling customisation and individualisation to the exact specifications of a patient. • 3DP can open doors to a broad spectrum of items that are not easily accessible, affordable, or not even available, accessing ideas and blueprints from a global pool of resources through open-source sites. • With the process of fabrication being digital, not only does this reduce manual labour, but fabricating without touching the patient can reduce pain and prevent disruption of a repair/ surgical site/ wound. • The digital process also allows patients to see and visualise the product during the design process, enabling input prior to printing, contributing to reduced wastage.","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123636846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a8
Ayesha Dawood, P. Govender, Samantha J York, G. Rencken, M. Ogunlana, J. Linde
BACKGROUND: This qualitative study explored the knowledge to practice gaps of occupational therapists who have a vital role in neurodevelopmental supportive care for high-risk infants METHODS: Via purposive sampling, 17 therapists working in public health in South Africa were recruited to participate in virtual focus groups. Data were thematically analysed using a hybrid approach FINDINGS: Five themes emerged, which included (i) occupational therapy and neonatal care in the public health sector, (ii) knowledge acquisition and knowledge synthesis, (iii) knowledge translation and utilisation, (iv) contextual barriers and adaptation and (v) the ideal occupational therapist in the ideal neonatal setting. Facilitators, inhibitors, referrals, and interest in occupational therapy neonatal care were also highlighted CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge to practice gaps in occupational therapy include insufficient training, a decreased interest in neonatal care, staff shortages, multi-disciplinary team rotations and a reduced understanding of the professional role and scope of occupational therapy. Resources, training, and policy development appear to be necessary to inform a standard of care Implication for practice The role of the occupational therapist in supporting high risk infants is generally limited and remains somewhat unknown in current South African contexts. It is essential to identify knowledge-to-practice gaps for occupational therapists supporting high-risk infants in the public health sector for successful implementation of neurodevelopmental supportive care. By the exploration of practitioner opinions and insight through appreciating the role of the occupational therapist in managing high risk infants, contextually specific and relevant knowledge translation interventions may be developed and implemented which have implications for evidence-based practice and more successful outcomes in the high-risk infant.
{"title":"Integrated knowledge-translation in occupational therapists working with high-risk infants in South Africa: An explorative qualitative inquiry","authors":"Ayesha Dawood, P. Govender, Samantha J York, G. Rencken, M. Ogunlana, J. Linde","doi":"10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a8","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: This qualitative study explored the knowledge to practice gaps of occupational therapists who have a vital role in neurodevelopmental supportive care for high-risk infants METHODS: Via purposive sampling, 17 therapists working in public health in South Africa were recruited to participate in virtual focus groups. Data were thematically analysed using a hybrid approach FINDINGS: Five themes emerged, which included (i) occupational therapy and neonatal care in the public health sector, (ii) knowledge acquisition and knowledge synthesis, (iii) knowledge translation and utilisation, (iv) contextual barriers and adaptation and (v) the ideal occupational therapist in the ideal neonatal setting. Facilitators, inhibitors, referrals, and interest in occupational therapy neonatal care were also highlighted CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge to practice gaps in occupational therapy include insufficient training, a decreased interest in neonatal care, staff shortages, multi-disciplinary team rotations and a reduced understanding of the professional role and scope of occupational therapy. Resources, training, and policy development appear to be necessary to inform a standard of care Implication for practice The role of the occupational therapist in supporting high risk infants is generally limited and remains somewhat unknown in current South African contexts. It is essential to identify knowledge-to-practice gaps for occupational therapists supporting high-risk infants in the public health sector for successful implementation of neurodevelopmental supportive care. By the exploration of practitioner opinions and insight through appreciating the role of the occupational therapist in managing high risk infants, contextually specific and relevant knowledge translation interventions may be developed and implemented which have implications for evidence-based practice and more successful outcomes in the high-risk infant.","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121451666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a9
Fasloen Adams, D. Casteleijn, B. Pretorius, Kris Pizur-Barnekow, N. Pickens, Doris Pierce, Donald Fogelberg, Stacy Frauwirth, Pollie Price, S. Stephenson, Elelwani L. Ramugondo, Frank Kronenberg, Debbie Laliberte
INTRODUCTION: Occupational therapists work with groups of people who engage in collective occupations to have a positive influence on their health and wellbeing. Although the concept of collective occupations is described and defined in occupational science literature, little has been done on specific assessment tools to guide clinicians on how well people are engaging in collective occupations AIM: This article describes the development of an assessment tool to assess participation in collective occupations in a South African context METHOD: A mixed methods approach with a sequential exploratory design was used. Domains and items were generated from a literature review on collective occupations as well as semi-structured interviews with occupational therapy experts in community settings. Data were thematically analysed using a priori coding. The Vona du Toit Model of Creative ability was used to frame the coding. Domains and items emerged from the data RESULTS: The result was the development of five domains and 19 items that could be used to measure and describe collective participation in occupations. Domains include collective's motivation, ability to perform action, ability to form a collective, ability to produce and end product, emotional-cognitive functioning and collective relations Implications for practice: To work with groups of people, clinicians not only need to understand the nature of collective participation but also need to understand why people participate in them. They should also have insight in the abilities needed to effectively participate as a collective. Understanding of a collective's behaviour in the above-mentioned domains, could guide occupational therapists in planning intervention to enhance collective participation in occupations. The levels of collective participation could guide occupational therapists to gain insight into the potential and behaviour of collectives. Such understanding can enable effective intervention-, preventive- and promotive health programmes with collectives.
简介:职业治疗师与从事集体职业的人群一起工作，对他们的健康和福祉产生积极影响。尽管集体职业的概念在职业科学文献中有描述和定义，但很少有具体的评估工具来指导临床医生如何很好地参与集体职业。目的:本文描述了一种评估工具的开发，以评估南非背景下集体职业的参与情况。领域和项目来源于对集体职业的文献综述以及对社区环境中职业治疗专家的半结构化访谈。使用先验编码对数据进行主题分析。利用Vona du Toit创新能力模型构建编码框架。从数据中出现的领域和项目结果:结果是五个领域和19个项目的发展，可用于衡量和描述职业中的集体参与。领域包括集体的动机、执行行动的能力、形成集体的能力、生产和最终产品的能力、情感-认知功能和集体关系对实践的影响:为了与一群人一起工作，临床医生不仅需要了解集体参与的本质，还需要了解人们为什么参与其中。他们还应该了解作为一个集体有效参与所需的能力。了解集体在上述领域的行为，可以指导职业治疗师计划干预措施，以提高集体参与职业。集体参与的水平可以指导职业治疗师深入了解集体的潜力和行为。这种了解可以使集体的有效干预、预防和促进保健方案成为可能。
{"title":"Assessment of participation in collective occupations: Domains and items","authors":"Fasloen Adams, D. Casteleijn, B. Pretorius, Kris Pizur-Barnekow, N. Pickens, Doris Pierce, Donald Fogelberg, Stacy Frauwirth, Pollie Price, S. Stephenson, Elelwani L. Ramugondo, Frank Kronenberg, Debbie Laliberte","doi":"10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a9","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Occupational therapists work with groups of people who engage in collective occupations to have a positive influence on their health and wellbeing. Although the concept of collective occupations is described and defined in occupational science literature, little has been done on specific assessment tools to guide clinicians on how well people are engaging in collective occupations AIM: This article describes the development of an assessment tool to assess participation in collective occupations in a South African context METHOD: A mixed methods approach with a sequential exploratory design was used. Domains and items were generated from a literature review on collective occupations as well as semi-structured interviews with occupational therapy experts in community settings. Data were thematically analysed using a priori coding. The Vona du Toit Model of Creative ability was used to frame the coding. Domains and items emerged from the data RESULTS: The result was the development of five domains and 19 items that could be used to measure and describe collective participation in occupations. Domains include collective's motivation, ability to perform action, ability to form a collective, ability to produce and end product, emotional-cognitive functioning and collective relations Implications for practice: To work with groups of people, clinicians not only need to understand the nature of collective participation but also need to understand why people participate in them. They should also have insight in the abilities needed to effectively participate as a collective. Understanding of a collective's behaviour in the above-mentioned domains, could guide occupational therapists in planning intervention to enhance collective participation in occupations. The levels of collective participation could guide occupational therapists to gain insight into the potential and behaviour of collectives. Such understanding can enable effective intervention-, preventive- and promotive health programmes with collectives.","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124867641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a5
T. Mthembu, Whelan Gwendean, Kristen Havenga, Irvin Thabang Mwadira, Kayla Oliver, Megan Alexander, B. Pretorius
BACKGROUND: Collective occupations are a vital part of the post-apartheid South African context because they enable parents and grandparents to pass on their legacies to the young people in families and communities. However, there are social inter-generational problems such as corruption, unemployment, family conflicts and poverty that disrupt the actions of inculcating occupational legacy AIM: This study explored young people's voices of occupational legacy in a post-apartheid South African context METHOD: A socio-narratology qualitative inquiry was employed to gain insight from eight participants who were recruited using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data, which were analysed thematically in a credible process RESULTS: Five themes that amalgamated collective occupations with occupational legacy were identified: decoloniality of 'knowledge generation and transfer', decoloniality of 'doing', decoloniality of 'being', decoloniality of 'becoming' and decoloniality of 'belonging' CONCLUSION: The findings add to our understanding of the power of occupational legacy in ameliorating the problematic situations that enabled the young people's continuity, social change and transformation through collective occupations. It is evident in the findings that the young people exerted maximal efforts to engage in occupational decision-making activities that were guided by the available opportunities so they may transition to the different contexts
{"title":"Decolonial turn of collective occupations in post-apartheid South Africa: Young people's voices of occupational legacy","authors":"T. Mthembu, Whelan Gwendean, Kristen Havenga, Irvin Thabang Mwadira, Kayla Oliver, Megan Alexander, B. Pretorius","doi":"10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a5","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Collective occupations are a vital part of the post-apartheid South African context because they enable parents and grandparents to pass on their legacies to the young people in families and communities. However, there are social inter-generational problems such as corruption, unemployment, family conflicts and poverty that disrupt the actions of inculcating occupational legacy AIM: This study explored young people's voices of occupational legacy in a post-apartheid South African context METHOD: A socio-narratology qualitative inquiry was employed to gain insight from eight participants who were recruited using purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data, which were analysed thematically in a credible process RESULTS: Five themes that amalgamated collective occupations with occupational legacy were identified: decoloniality of 'knowledge generation and transfer', decoloniality of 'doing', decoloniality of 'being', decoloniality of 'becoming' and decoloniality of 'belonging' CONCLUSION: The findings add to our understanding of the power of occupational legacy in ameliorating the problematic situations that enabled the young people's continuity, social change and transformation through collective occupations. It is evident in the findings that the young people exerted maximal efforts to engage in occupational decision-making activities that were guided by the available opportunities so they may transition to the different contexts","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1984 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131662849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a10
A. Swanepoel, A. Manenshe, A. Lombard, J. McAdam, H. van Staden
{"title":"Employee wellness: Position paper of the Occupational Therapy Association of South Africa (OTASA)","authors":"A. Swanepoel, A. Manenshe, A. Lombard, J. McAdam, H. van Staden","doi":"10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"232 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114629202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3883/2023/vol53n2a1
P. Gretschel, B. Pretorius, H. Buchanan
{"title":"Responsible knowledge use: The importance of critical appraisal in occupational therapy research and publication","authors":"P. Gretschel, B. Pretorius, H. Buchanan","doi":"10.17159/2310-3883/2023/vol53n2a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3883/2023/vol53n2a1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121659318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a3
Rikki Greenberg, Patricia de Witt, Marica Botha, Hester van Biljon
INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is complex. In a low middle income country, like South Africa, early recognition of ASD rarely occurs on the primary health care (PHC) platform.To mitigate late diagnosis of ASD, which has a poorer prognosis, the purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge and clinical competencies required by inexperienced occupational therapists to improve early detection of and service delivery for children with ASD at the PHC level METHODS: A descriptive qualitative design explored the perceptions of occupational therapy experts as to the required knowledge and clinical competencies necessary for inexperienced occupational therapists to deliver services to children with ASD on the PHC platform. Thematic inductive analysis was used to analyse the data FINDINGS: Two themes emerged: Theme one: the perceived critical knowledge for early identification, assessment and treatment of children with ASD.Theme two: the clinical competencies required forassessment and effective treatment of children with ASD on the PHC level CONCLUSION: This study identified the perceived knowledge and clinical competencies needed to improve early identification and service community-based delivery for children with ASD on the PHC platform by early career occupational therapists IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE ■ This study provides critical knowledge and clinical competencies to occupational therapists to facilitate effective therapeutic services to children with ASD on the PHC platform. ■ The study identified appropriate screening, assessment and intervention that could assist occupational therapy service planners to reduce the gap of service delivery for children with ASD within the concept of UHC provision on a community-based level in SA. ■ Faculty at tertiary educational institutions may utilise the findings in order to adapt curriculums to better prepare inexperienced occupational therapists with working with children with ASD on the community-based level.
{"title":"Occupational therapy services for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder on the primary healthcare platform","authors":"Rikki Greenberg, Patricia de Witt, Marica Botha, Hester van Biljon","doi":"10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2310-3833/2023/vol53n2a3","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is complex. In a low middle income country, like South Africa, early recognition of ASD rarely occurs on the primary health care (PHC) platform.To mitigate late diagnosis of ASD, which has a poorer prognosis, the purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge and clinical competencies required by inexperienced occupational therapists to improve early detection of and service delivery for children with ASD at the PHC level METHODS: A descriptive qualitative design explored the perceptions of occupational therapy experts as to the required knowledge and clinical competencies necessary for inexperienced occupational therapists to deliver services to children with ASD on the PHC platform. Thematic inductive analysis was used to analyse the data FINDINGS: Two themes emerged: Theme one: the perceived critical knowledge for early identification, assessment and treatment of children with ASD.Theme two: the clinical competencies required forassessment and effective treatment of children with ASD on the PHC level CONCLUSION: This study identified the perceived knowledge and clinical competencies needed to improve early identification and service community-based delivery for children with ASD on the PHC platform by early career occupational therapists IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE ■ This study provides critical knowledge and clinical competencies to occupational therapists to facilitate effective therapeutic services to children with ASD on the PHC platform. ■ The study identified appropriate screening, assessment and intervention that could assist occupational therapy service planners to reduce the gap of service delivery for children with ASD within the concept of UHC provision on a community-based level in SA. ■ Faculty at tertiary educational institutions may utilise the findings in order to adapt curriculums to better prepare inexperienced occupational therapists with working with children with ASD on the community-based level.","PeriodicalId":274750,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Occupational Therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131036383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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