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Referring to the World最新文献

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The Things We Do with Empty Names 我们用空洞的名字做的事情
Pub Date : 2014-08-14 DOI: 10.1093/ACPROF:OSO/9780199647057.003.0008
K. Taylor
This chapter undertakes to apply the previously developed theory of objective representational content to our thought and talk about apparently non-existent objects. It aims to show that we need not construe the referents of singular terms within fiction and within mathematics as possessing bona fide existence (or non-existence) while also providing a robust understanding of our singular representations when we think with such terms. The arguments depend on the trio of distinctions between merely objectual and fully objective linguistic and mental representations; non-veridical and veridical language games; and truth-similitude and literal truth. With these distinctions, the chapter exhibits the explanatory power of a theory on which empty singular terms are merely objectual yet are fundamental to our non-veridical language and thought games, possessing truth-similitude while falling short of literal truth.
本章致力于将先前发展的客观表征意旨理论应用于我们的思维,并讨论显然不存在的对象。它的目的是表明,我们不需要将小说和数学中的单数术语的所指解释为拥有真正的存在(或不存在),同时也提供了一个强大的理解,当我们用这些术语思考时,我们的单数表征。这些论点依赖于纯粹客观和完全客观的语言和心理表征之间的三个区别;非真实和真实语言游戏;真相——相似和字面上的真相。有了这些区别,本章展示了一种理论的解释力,在这种理论中,空洞的单一术语仅仅是客观的,但却是我们非真实语言和思维游戏的基础,拥有真理相似,但缺乏字面真理。
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引用次数: 2
Representing Representations 代表表示
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780195144741.003.0006
K. Taylor
This chapter champions the priority of objectual representations and reference to the world over fine-grained “inner” mental representations. The main argument rests upon demonstrating that our attitude ascriptions practices give priority to de re ascriptions of mental contents over de dicto ascriptions of mental contents. The argument thereby advances a rejection of the Fregean tradition that construes modes of presentations of objects as essential to the characterization of mental contents within attitude ascriptions. A novel argument is advanced invoking the evaluative commitments expressed with embedded referential slurring terms in argument position, showing them to reveal derogatory attitudes of the ascriber, not the ascribee, and then showing by analogy that the same obtains for existential and referential commitments: they do not typically invoke Fregean modes of presentation by which the ascribee cognizes the world. The chapter ends by reexamining substitution puzzles and the nature of de re belief.
这一章拥护客观表征和对世界的参考的优先级,而不是细粒度的“内部”心理表征。主要论点在于证明我们的态度归因实践优先于心理意旨的客观归因而不是心理意旨的客观归因。因此,该论点提出了对Fregean传统的拒绝,该传统认为对象的呈现模式对于态度归因中心理内容的表征至关重要。提出了一种新颖的论证,在论证位置上援引了用嵌入式指称模糊术语表达的评价性行为,表明它们揭示了归属者而不是归属者的贬义态度,然后通过类比表明存在主义和指称行为也得到了同样的结果:它们通常不会援引被归属者认知世界的Fregean呈现模式。本章以重新审视替代谜题和信仰的本质结束。
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引用次数: 15
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Referring to the World
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