Lviv clinical bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Peculiarities of the Ukrainian model of Fracture Risk Assessment (FRAX®) among patients with liver cirrhosis accompanied by impaired bone mineral density: its diagnostic and prognostic value","authors":"N. Drobinska, O. Abrahamovych, M. Abrahamovych, S. Tolopko, S. Guta, R. Ivanochko","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.054","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The problem of osteoporotic fractures and the evaluation thresholds for intervention in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) remains obscure so far. Ukrainian model of fracture risk assessment (FRAX®) has never been implemented among patients with LC in Ukraine. The aim of the study. To find out the peculiarities of the Ukrainian model of Fracture Risk Assessment, its diagnostic and prognostic value for implementation among patients with liver cirrhosis accompanied by impaired bone mineral density. Materials and methods. 90 patients with LC (27 women and 63 men aged 18 to 66 years) were randomly assigned into the study. Stratification into groups was based on information about bone condition. 72 patients were included into an experimental group (EG, patients with impaired bone mineral density (IBMD), which was divided into two subgroups – EG A (patients with osteopenia, 46) and EG B (patients with osteoporosis, 26). Control group (CG) included 18 patients without IBMD. The peculiarities of the fracture risk factors and evaluation thresholds according to the Ukrainian FRAX® model (2019) amoung patients with LC with bone disorders were established (significant differences between frequency of features in groups and substantial stochastic associations of features with IBMD or its manifestations were investigated). The diagnostic characteristcs (diagnostic value, predictive value, likelihood ratio) of the detected features for IBMD in general, osteopenia and osteoporosis in particular, were revealed, and after that the post-test probability of certain bone disorders was determined among all patients with LC in the case of applying the identified features. The results. It was found that although most of the risk factors occurred more often in patients with bone disorders, significant differences were detected only between the frequency of previous fractures in EG and CG, including EG B and CG, and EG A and EG B; between the frequency of cases of normal body weight, as well as overweight in EG and CG, including EG B and CG. The evaluation thresholds according to the Ukrainian FRAX® model also differed significantly: the values above the upper evaluation threshold – in EG B and CG and in EG A and EG B; the intermediate values of fracture risk – in EG A and CG; the values below the lower evaluation threshold – in EG and CG, as well as in EG A and CG and in EG B and CG, including. Bone disorders had a substantial direct stochastic association in the following cases: IBMD in general – with the previous fractures, normal body weight and values above the upper evaluation threshold; osteopenia – with the previous fractures, normal body weight and intermediate values of fracture risk; osteoporosis – with the previous fractures, normal body weight and values above the upper evaluation threshold. All manifestations of bone disorders had substantial negative stochastic association with overweight and values below the lower evaluation threshold, as wel","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127722497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role Of HTRA Serine Peptidase 1, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor А, Tumor Necrosis Factor Gene Polymorphisms in the Treatment Of Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration","authors":"N. Malachkova, O. Al-Jarrah","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.045","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) of the retina is still considered the leading cause of vision loss in the elderly. The multifactoriality of the disease impairs the clinical effectiveness of modern AMD treatment methods. however, the study of single-nucleotide polymorphisms, in particular, of the HtrA serine peptidase 1 (HTRA1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF A) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) genesis a promising link on the way to improve and develope more effective treatment strategies of the disease. The Aim of the Study. To investigate role of HTRA 1, VEGF A and TNF gene polymorphisms in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration. Materials and Methods. 162 people with diagnosed wet AMD took part in the investigation. They received anti-VEGF A therapy in the form of injections of aflibercept monthly for half a year. Structural changes of the eyes were studied using optical coherence tomography (OCT); polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies were performed using a Bio-Rad CFX 96 apparatus (BioRad, USA) using a reagent package (Lytech, Russia). Statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed using a set of software packages Statistica 10 (StatSoft, Inc., USA) and SPSS 23.0. Results. It was revealed best prognostic significance in patients with the TC rs2010963 genotype of the VEGFA gene was registered during the analysis of OCT 2 (RR=2.7; 95% CI 1.556 – 4.8), OCT 4 (RR=2.9 ; 95% CI 1.7 – 5.03) and OCT 8 (RR=2.6; 95% CI 1.6 – 4.12) sections, while in patients with the CC genotype these indicators in the OCT 2 section were: RR= 6.1; 95% CI 3.66 – 10.27; in OCT zone 4 RR=4.9; 95% CI 2.9 – 8.29, and in the OCT section 8: RR=4.23; 95% CI 2.7 – 6.556, which indicates a more pronounced influence of the CC genotype. When analyzing rs1800629 of the TNF gene, the best prognostic significance of the GA genotype was established in the OCT 4 (RR=1.77; 95% CI 1.218 – 2.56) and OCT 8 (RR=1.9; 95% CI 1.17 – 3.175) areas (p-value less than 0.05), with the AA genotype in OCT 4 (RR=3.77; 95% CI 2.17 – 6.58), OCT 8 (RR=3.1; 95% CI 1 .7 – 5.59) zones and when evaluating changes in visual acuity of patients with wet AMD (RR=4.2; 95% CI 2 – 8.98). No statistically significant results were found in the evaluation of the HTRA1 gene rs11200638 (p-value more than 0.05). Conclusions. The data obtained in our study indicate a direct influence of the vascular endothelial growth factor A (rs2010963) and tumor necrosis factor (rs1800629) polymorphisms on the emergence of resistance to aflibercept. However, the study of this influence in the presence of the HtrA serine peptidase 1 gene rs11200638 requires further research.","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"181 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121125822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Analysis of the Spectrum of Congenital Malformations Diagnosed Prenatally Based on the Lviv Medical Genetics Center during 2018-2020 yy","authors":"O. Hnateiko, N. Kitsera, N. Helner, M. Teneta, Z. Hnateiko, I. Vijtovych","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.014","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. According to the WHO, about 3 % of infants worldwide are born with a congenital malformation (CM). The aim of the study. To conduct a retrospective analysis of the spectrum of congenital malformations diagnosed during pregnancy based on the Lviv Medical Genetics Center during 2018-2020 yy. Materials and methods. Clinical and epidemiological, as well as medical and statistical data on CM diagnosed prenatally between 2018-2020 were collected from primary source documents (Form No. 49) and then analyzed at the Lviv Medical Genetics Center ʺInstitute of Hereditary Pathology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraineʺ, Lviv. The Student’s t-test was used to determine the difference between the arithmetic means. The null hypotheses were tested using a t-test at the significance level of p-value less than 0.05. Results. A total of 11062 pregnant women were examined between 2018-2020: CM at different stages of pregnancy were diagnosed in 454 cases, which accounted for 4.1 % of cases and did not exceed the population value. There was a 2.3-fold reduction in the number of pregnant women presented to the Medical Genetics Center in 2020, probably due to the global coronavirus pandemic – from 5007 women in 2018 to 2212 females in 2020. However, the number of CM diagnosed prenatally in 2020 was not statistically significant (p-value more than 0.05) as compared to the average value for these years and 2018. In 2018, a total of 5007 pregnant women were examined at the Lviv Medical Genetics Center. In 136 (4.8 %) cases, fetal malformations were diagnosed before 22 weeks of gestation, while in 26 (1.2 %) cases, pregnancy was affected by congenital anomaly in its second half. In 2019, there were examined 3843 pregnant women. In169 (7.8 %) cases, CM were diagnosed before 22 weeks of gestation, that was statistically significant as compared to 2018 (p-value less than 0.05) and in 20 (1.2 %) cases, fetal anomalies were detected in the second half of pregnancy, that was not statistically significant as compared to the previous year (p-value more than 0.05). In 2020, we examined 2212 pregnant women. Reducing the number of visits to our medical center was probably due to the coronavirus pandemic. There were95 (5.0 %) cases of fetal malformations diagnosed before 22 weeks of gestation and 8 (2.5 %) cases of congenital anomalies detected in the second half of pregnancy. The number of CM diagnosed prenatally was the highest in 2019 – 4.9 %; however, there was no statistically significant difference (p-value more than 0.05) in the average values for these years – 4.1 % and 3.2 % in 2020 and 2018, respectively. In 2020, the incidence of congenital malformations diagnosed after 22 weeks of gestation was significantly higher (p-value less than 0.05) than in other years – 2.5 % and 1.2 %, respectively. Conclusions. Between 2018-2020, the incidence of congenital malformations diagnosed at different stages of pregnancy was 4.1 %. Congenital malformation s of th","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117038094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colonization of new and reused dental implant healing abutments by oral microbiota during implantation period","authors":"V. Vovk, M. Panaś, M. Sobchyshyn, P. Kriukov","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.040","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Reuse of implant healing abutments is common in dental practice, mainly due to economical reasons. The aim of the study. To analyze and compare the colonization of new and reused dental implant healing abutments by oral microbiota in patients subjected to dental implantation. Materials and methods. 4 groups, 20 patients, 36 healing abutments were examined using clinical and microbiological methods. Results. Clinical and microbiological analysis showed that biofilm formation was statistically higher on the reused IHAs compared to the new ones. Conclusions. The practice of administration of the reused healing abutments between patients should be reconsidered.","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130103218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Intestinal Microbiota, Endotoxemia and Systemic Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease","authors":"G. Fadieienko, А. Gridnev, I. Kushnir, T. Solomentseva, V. Chernova, V. Galchіnskaya","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.008","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Currently there are few and contradictory data concerning the influence of intestinal microbiota (IM) disturbances on the nature and severity of inflammatory processes in the liver tissue, the role of microbial metabolites in the activation of steatosis and fibrosis processes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of the study. To clarify the role of intestinal microbiota, endotoxemia and systemic inflammation in the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Materials and methods. 108 patients with NAFLD were examined, control group included 30 people. Detection of CRP and TNF-alpha levels, endotoxin in blood serum was carried out by the immunoenzymatic method. Determination of IM composition at the level of the main phylotypes was carried out by the method of quantitative polymerase chain reaction in real time. Results. A weak direct correlation between TNF-alpha, CRP and endotoxin with Firmicutes content (F), and an inverse correlation between CRP with Bacteroidetes content (B) was revealed. The dependence of the ratio of main intestinal phyla (F/B) on markers of systemic inflammation in NAFLD patients with different levels of endotoxin was evaluated. In patients with NAFLD, as endotoxin concentration increased, a deeper imbalance of IM was observed. In the group of patients with NAFLD with a high level of endotoxin, the maximum values of the F/B index were observed. Also, the increase in the intestinal permeability of the mucous barrier depended not only on changes in the IM, but also on systemic inflammation. The highest levels of endotoxemia were observed in patients with a high F/B index and increased activity of pro-inflammatory markers. In patients with NAFLD with varying degrees of fatty infiltration of the liver, an imbalance of IM was detected in comparison with the control group. As the degree of steatosis increased in NAFLD patients, an increase in Firmicutes content was observed. The maximum shift in the balance of the main phyla towards a decrease in the relative content of Bacteroidetes and an increase in Firmicutes was determined in patients with 3rd degree of steatosis (p-value less than 0.05). In the group of patients with a low and moderate degree of steatosis, a similar trend of IM disorders was observed, but these changes were insignificant. The relative number of Actinobacteria exposed no differences between the examined patients. The analysis of changes in IM in patients with NAFLD depending on the stage of liver fibrosis revealed no significant differences both from the control group and between groups with different degrees of fibrosis. The obtained data indicate that the imbalance of IM makes a significant contribution to the development of liver steatosis, while other important factors are involved in the formation of fibrosis processes, in particular, inflammation, the activity of intestinal metabolites and regulatory molecules. Conclusions.The imbalanc","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133345498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium-phosphorus metabolism and markers of its regulation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with violation of bone mineral density: character and diagnostic value","authors":"V. Chemes, O. Abrahamovych, U. Abrahamovych, R. Ivanochko, L. Kobak","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.076","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are twice as likely to have osteoporosis (OP) compared to the general population. The strength of bones depends on mineral substances, mainly represented by calcium phosphate microcrystals. The chief role in the regulation of calcium-phosphorus metabolism is played by vitamin D and parathormone (PTH). The aim of the study. To investigate markers of calcium-phosphorus metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis accompanied by bone mineral density (BMD) disorders and to find out their diagnostic value. Materials and methods. 76 patients with RA (64 premenopausal women and 12 mature men) were included in the study. All patients with RA were subjected to ultrasound bone densitometry and according to its results, patients were divided into three groups: patients with RA and osteopenia, patients with RA and OP; RA patients without BMD disorders. The control group included 22 healthy individuals of both genders without BMD abnormalities. To evaluate calcium-phosphorus metabolism, ionized calcium, total calcium, phosphorus, PTH, and vitamin D in blood serum, and levels of calcium and phosphorus in urine were detected. Results. It was revealed that concentration of total calcium in blood serum of patients with RA is lower compared to healthy individuals, while the same index in urine of patients with RA accompanied by osteopenia, OP or without BMD disorders is higher compared to healthy people. The concentration of vitamin D is significantly lower in patients with RA and OP compared to patients with RA with osteopenia, without BMD disorders, or healthy individuals. The concentration of PTH is higher in healthy individuals compared to patients with RA without BMD abnormalities or with osteopenia. Conclusions. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis with osteopenia or osteoporosis, significantly more often than in patients with rheumatoid arthritis without a violation of bone mineral density, ionized and total calcium, phosphorus in serum and urine, as well as vitamin D indices have deviations from the reference values and are of diagnostic significance.","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116522379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"7th McMaster International Review Course in Internal Medicine (MIRCIM) – 29.09-01.10.2022 (Krakow, Republic of Poland)","authors":"T. Negrych, O. Fayura, V. Chemes, L. Tsyganyk, I. Korniychuk, M. Farmaha, A. Fedets","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.087","url":null,"abstract":"On September 28 – October 1, 2022, the 7th MIRCIM 2022 international conference was held in Krakow (Poland). The conference, which brought together internal medicine doctors, family doctors, narrow specialists of a therapeutic profile, had eight sections corresponding to eight main sections of internal medicine – cardiology, endocrinology, pulmonology, nephrology, rheumatology, gastroenterology, hematology, chronic infections. Professors with international recognition from the USA, Canada, Germany, France, Great Britain, Israel, India, and Mexico had the lectures. In the endocrinological section, the determination of the content of thyroid hormone, the diabetes mellitus treatment new possibilities, the experience of diagnosis and treatment of glucocorticosteroid-induced adrenal insufficiency were discussed. In the section of cardiovascular diseases, the speakers proposed to discuss the issue of acute heart failure, differences in the occurrence and course of cardiovascular diseases in women and men. In the pulmonology session, the lectures on the modern treatment of asthma, the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with respiratory diseases exacerbations, and the issue of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity course reducing were presented. The nephrology section was presented by the reports on the topics: “Infections and kidneys”, “Optimal nephroprotection in patients with chronic kidney disease”. Professor Tracy Balboni emphasized the importance of spiritual care in the treatment of the critically ill patients and the role of spirituality in medicine and health care in general. The gastroenterology block of reports was devoted to the tactics of management and treatment of helicobacter pylori infection, intestinal polyps and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. As part of the hematology unit, Professor Andreas Greinacher spoke about heparin-induced, vaccine-induced and other immune thrombocytopenias. At the rheumatology section.","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114606431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulatory System Organs Comorbid Lesions in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Nature and Frequency; Characteristics Depending on Gender, Age and Disease Duration","authors":"L. Kobak, O. Abrahamovych, U. Abrahamovych, R. Ivanochko, V. Chemes","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.066","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease with numerous clinical manifestations and an unpredictable course. It often lasts for several months or years, with alternating remissions and exacerbations. Multiple organs can be affected simultaneously with varying degrees of severity, resulting in treatment- and disease-related comorbidities, including circulatory system diseases, which are one of the leading causes of death of SLE patients. The aim of the study. To find out the nature and frequency of the circulatory system organs comorbid lesions in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, to characterize them depending on the gender, age and the disease duration. Materials and methods. Prior to performing the study all patients signed the voluntary consent to participate in accordance with the requirements of Helsinki Declaration of Human Rights, the Council of Europe Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine. The cohort under investigation included 112 patients with diagnosed SLE of different severity with preliminary stratification as follows: females 89.29 %, patients of working age (57.14 % – young and 39.29 % – middle aged), unemployed (58.04 %), III disability group patients (45.54 %), city residents (62.50 %). According to the results of the disease duration assessment, a significant number of patients with SLE and circulatory system organs comorbid lesions have been ill for 1–5 years (36.61 %) and more than 10 years (38.39 %). All of them were patients of the rheumatology department of the Communal Non-Profit Enterprise of the Lviv Regional Council “Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital” from 2016 to 2021.The research was carried out in several stages, during which the nature and frequency of the circulatory system comorbid lesions with respect to gender, age and disease duration were estimated. Results. While completing the study, almost half of patients with SLE were diagnosed with Raynaud’s syndrome, mitral valve insufficiency and atherosclerosis, about 1/3 – with myocarditis, retinal angiopathy, symptomatic arterial hypertension and livedo reticularis. The varicose veins of the lower extremities, hypertensive disease, diffuse cardiosclerosis, tricuspid valve insufficiency, vein thrombosis, post-thrombophlebitis syndrome, aortic valve insufficiency, capillaritis, pulmonary hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD) including stable angina pectoris, cardiomyopathy and post-infarction cardiosclerosis were found with the decreasing frequency. Raynaud’s syndrome was significantly more often diagnosed in females and young people; retinal angiopathy, livedo reticularis and symptomatic arterial hypertension – in females and those patients whose SLE lasted for more than 10 years; myocarditis, varicose veins of the lower extremities – in males; capillaritis – in patients with the shortest duration of SLE; atherosclerosis and mitral valve insufficiency – in elderly patients and patients with SLE lasting for 6–10 years; vein thro","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130362218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Clinical Signs and Inflammatory Biomarker Neopterin Level in Blood Serum of Rabbits with Experimental Non-infectious Autoimmune Uveitis with Respect to Different Degrees of its Severity","authors":"N. Kuryltsiv, O. Zborovska, L. Velychko, A. Khyrivskyi","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.033","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Uveitis is an inflammatory condition involving iris, ciliary body and choroid of the eyebulb. Uveitis curretntly affects about two million people worldwide and is among five leading causes of blindness in the working population. Diagnosis of uveitis requires a number of investigations. As important biomarker in the diagnosis of uveitis can be used the detection of Neopterin (NP) in blood serum, since it is a stable metabolite and its increased level encompass activation of cellular immunity. It should be also noted that NP is present in blood serum and plasma, urine, tears, aqueous humor, vitreous body, other biological fluids and can be easily detected. According to literature data and our own investigations, the concentration of NP usually depends on the degree of activity of the pathological process, and its high concentration of NP is one of the main predictors of an unfavorable prognosis. The aim of the study. To investigate the dynamics of clinical signs and inflammatory biomarker Neopterin level in blood serum of rabbits with experimental non-infectious autoimmune uveitis (NAU) considering varying degrees of severity. Materials and methods. The experimental study was conducted on 30 rabbits of the “Chinchilla” breed, which were divided into two main groups (I and II), 15 animals in each. NAU was induced by intravitreal injection of an undiluted normal sterile horse serum to group I rabbits, while group II animals received diluted with the physiological solution serum in the proportion of 1:2. General sensitization was previously carried out with the same serum injected intravenously. Results. The average level of NP in rabbits before the start of the experiment was 1.7 ± 0.2 nmol/l. It was considered the norm, since there is no information in the literature about the study of NP in healthy rabbits of the “Chinchilla” breed. In the reported research the severity of experimental NAU was estimated due to the concentration of the injected normal sterile horse serum intravitreally. As an additional proof of the development of NAU clinical picture was used the detection of Neopterin concentration in blood serum of rabbits. In both group animals the development of acute inflammation on days 3, 7, 10 and 14 of experiment the NP level was significantly higher compared to control (p-value less than 0.05). However, in the I group animals with moderate and severe NAU, the level of NP was significantly higher than that in group II, in which uveitis was characterized by a mild course. Namely, on the 3rd day of experiment NP concentration in the I group animals was 5.60 ± 0.70 nmol/l, in the group II – 4.70 ± 0.60 nmol/l (p-value less than 0.05); on day 7th – 6.00 ± 0.20 nmol/l and 4.45 ± 0.30 nmol/l (p-value less than 0.05); on day 10th – 5.90 ± 0.40 nmol/l and 2.60 ± 0.40 nmol/l (p-value less than 0.05); on the 14th – 3.80 ± 0.40 nmol/l and 2.10 ± 0.10 nmol/l (p-value less than 0.05). On the day 21st, the NP concentration in both group an","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"347 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124286750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostaglandin E2 in the Blood Serum of Patients with Gastroduodenal Erosive-Ulcerative Lesions with and without Comorbid Hypertension","authors":"Y. Sklyarov, A. Chetaykina, M. Mbarki, O. Kapustinsky","doi":"10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25040/lkv2022.03-04.021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The combination of erosive-ulcerative lesions (EUI) of the gastroduodenal zone with hypertension (HT) is a common phenomenon and is a modern medicine’s pressing issue. Taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including by patients with HT, is accompanied by prostaglandin synthesis suppression due to cyclooxygenase inhibition and results in an arterial pressure increase. Moreover, it should be mentioned that patients with HT have a higher risk of gastroduodenal lesions. The aim of the study. To explore the prostaglandin E2 content in the blood serum of patients with gastroduodenal erosive-ulcerative lesions without and with comorbid hypertension. Materials and methods. The research involved 20 patients with gastroduodenal EUI without comorbid HT and 30 patients with gastroduodenal EUI suffering comorbid HT. All patients went through general clinical examinations, esophagogastroduodenofibroscopy (EGDFS), and stool tests to verify H.pylori infection, with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) content in blood serum being determined. Results. EGDFS showed that among patients with gastroduodenal EUI without comorbid HT, 25.00 % were diagnosed with gastric EUI; half of the cases (50.00 %) revealed duodenum lesions, and another 25.00 % – combined stomach and duodenum lesions. At the same time, patients with EUI combined with comorbid HT manifested more frequent (p-value less than 0.05) gastric localization of mucosal EUI (50.00 %); 16.67 % of patients had the duodenum lesions, while combined stomach and duodenum defects were observed in 33.33 %. H. pylori infection was confirmed in 13 patients (65.00 %) with EUI without comorbid HT and in 22 examined individuals (73.33 %) with the gastroduodenal zone EUI and comorbid HT. The endogenous PGE2 was significantly higher in patients who had only gastric mucosa and duodenum EUI without comorbid HT and amounted to 2135.79 ± 80.94 pg/ml (p-value less than 0.05), while patients with EUI and comorbid HT were tested a significantly lower PGE2 level in blood serum – 1513.55 ± 92.48 pg/ml. At the same time, the significantly lower PGE2 level in patients with EUI and comorbid HT compared to the similar indicator in patients without it explains the differences in the EUI distribution in both groups of patients revealed during endoscopic examination. Since a significantly weakened PGE2 synthesis leads to lower bicarbonate and mucus secretion and more intensive acid production, the balance between the aggression and protection factors is upset, which contributes to the EUI emergence mainly in the stomach’s antral part. The research has exposed no significant difference in PGE2 content in patients with duodenum mucosa EUI and those with a combination of gastric and duodenum mucosa lesions (p-value more than 0.05). Besides, the PGE2 content was tested significantly lower in patients with EUI gastric localization, than in those with combined ulcers (p-value less than 0.05). The presence or absence of H. pylori ","PeriodicalId":279640,"journal":{"name":"Lviv clinical bulletin","volume":"9 9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134584957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}