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RESCUE OF COLLATERAL OBJECTS OWNED THIRD PARTIES DUE TO BREACH OF DEBTORS WITH SUBROGATION AS LEGAL REMEDIES IN SHIP CASES ABOVE 20 m3 在20立方米以上船舶案件中,以代位求偿权救助债务人违约所拥有的第三人的抵押物作为法律救济
Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v2i1.114
S. Syahril, Hamler
Payments can also have limited consequences in the sense that these payments only result in the role of the Creditor being replaced by another Creditor and the Debtor will be faced with a new Creditor who has the right to request payment from the Debtor or what is known as Subrogation and in this study occurs in the case of ships over 20 m2 as  a Hipotek . Ships can meet the criteria or requirements to become collateral for credit settlement in the form of a Hipotek. Ships As Collateral for Repayment of Credit where the Hipotek is a material right to immovable objects. Ships can be divided into two, namely those weighing above 20 m 3 and below 20 m 3 . This paper aims to find out which ships can be charged with a Hipotek, so that they can be used as collateral for credit repayment. The method used is normative legal research, namely an approach by studying the applicable laws and regulations. The conclusion of this paper is that a Hipotek is a form of credit repayment guarantee, which is regulated in Burgelik Wetboek . Hipotek can be applied to objects in the form of ships. Ships As Guarantees for Repayment of Credit where the Hipotek is a material right to immovable objects which in this study uses subrogation as a legal remedy used.
付款也可能产生有限的后果,因为这些付款只会导致债权人的角色被另一个债权人所取代,债务人将面临一个新的债权人,该债权人有权要求债务人付款,或所谓的代位求偿权,在本研究中,作为Hipotek的船舶超过20平方米的情况下发生。船舶可以满足标准或要求,以Hipotek的形式成为信用结算的抵押品。船舶作为偿还信用的抵押,其中Hipotek是不动产的实质性权利。船舶可分为两种,即重量在20m3以上和20m3以下的船舶。本文旨在找出哪些船舶可以收取Hipotek,以便它们可以用作信用偿还的抵押品。使用的方法是规范法研究,即通过研究适用法律法规的方法。本文的结论是Hipotek是一种信用偿还担保的形式,在Burgelik wetbook中进行了规范。Hipotek可以应用于船舶形式的物体。船舶作为偿还信用的担保,其中Hipotek是对不动产的一项重要权利,在本研究中使用代位求偿权作为法律救济。
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引用次数: 0
The Existence of Complaint Offense Delict and Common Delict in Normative and Empirical Perspectives 从规范与经验的角度看申诉犯与共同犯的存在性
Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v2i1.124
Ferry Asril
Regulations regarding complaint offense delict and common delict in substantive criminal law in Indonesia are dependent on the type of delict. There are two types of delicts in relation to case processing, namely complaint offense delict and common delict. In common delict, the case can be processed without the consent of the victim. On the other hand, complaint offense delict is divided into absolute complaint offense delict and relative complaint offense delict. To determine whether a delict falls under complaint offense or common delict, it can be determined by reading the article or chapter in the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) where the criminal act is stated. If the article or chapter does not state that it is a complaint offense, then it is considered a common delict, which must be prosecuted ex officio (without a complaint). Complaint offense delicts can result in undisclosed crimes, such as in Article 369 of the Criminal Code. Therefore, if the complaint offense delict in that article is treated as a common delict (not a complaint offense), the person who holds the secret may suffer further losses because their secret will be exposed. The victim must choose whether to file a complaint, risking the disclosure of their secret, or not. Therefore, this delict remains mostly hidden as a hidden crime. Another example is the potential disruption of someone's civil interests if a complaint offense, especially in cases of adultery, is treated as a common delict.
印度尼西亚实体刑法中关于申诉犯罪和共同犯罪的规定取决于犯罪的类型。与案件处理有关的不法行为有两种类型,即投诉罪和普通不法行为。在普通侵权案件中,案件可以在未经受害者同意的情况下处理。另一方面,将信访犯分为绝对信访犯和相对信访犯。要确定一项违法行为是属于申诉罪还是普通违法行为,可以通过阅读《印度尼西亚刑法》(KUHP)中规定犯罪行为的条款或章节来确定。如果该条或章节没有说明这是一种申诉性犯罪,那么它就被认为是一种常见的违法行为,必须依职权起诉(没有申诉)。如《刑法》第369条所述,申诉性犯罪行为可能导致未公开的犯罪。因此,如果该条中的投诉违法行为被视为普通违法行为(而不是投诉违法行为),那么持有秘密的人可能会因为他们的秘密被暴露而遭受进一步的损失。受害者必须选择是否冒着泄露秘密的风险提出申诉。因此,这种违法行为大多作为隐性犯罪而被隐藏起来。另一个例子是,如果一项控告性犯罪,特别是在通奸的情况下,被视为一种普通的违法行为,可能会破坏某人的民事利益。
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引用次数: 0
CESSIE'S JURIDICAL ANALYSIS IN SETTING HOME OWNERSHIP NON-PERFORMANCE LOANS AS A BANK GUARANTEE VIEWED FROM LEGAL POLITICAL ASPECT 塞西从法律政治角度对将住房所有权不良贷款设置为银行担保的法律分析
Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v2i1.91
Yulfasni Yulfasni, Hamler Hamler
Politics of banking law (banking law) as the activity of choosing and the method to be used to achieve a particular goal and law, or a legal policy to be applied or carried out includes the consistent implementation of existing legal provisions, the process of updating and making law, which leads to a critical attitude towards law with an ius constitutum dimension and creates a law with an ius constituendum dimension, and the importance of affirming the function of institutions and the development of law enforcers. The problems are 1. How is the cessie in resolving bad loans on housing ownership as bank guarantees from a political and legal perspective? 2. What is the legal power of the auction as a result of creditor guarantee cessie seen from the legal political aspect? and provide answers to these problems. The method used is a type of normative legal research (doctrinaire) with data used secondary data, in the form of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. With the conclusion that in the settlement of bad credit, one method can be used with cessie, namely the transfer of rights over intangible goods receivables on behalf of third parties, carried out by selling receivables on behalf of an authentic deed or private deed. And in providing legal protection to cessionaris, they can use retro cessie, which is a means for cessionists whose receivables are not paid by cessus to sue the cedent to ask for the money back.
银行法(银行法)的政治作为实现特定目标和法律或要适用或实施的法律政策的选择活动和方法,包括对现有法律条款的一致实施、更新和制定法律的过程,从而导致对具有宪法维度的法律的批判态度,并创造具有宪法维度的法律;以及肯定制度功能和执法人员发展的重要性。问题是1。从政治和法律的角度看,作为银行担保的住房所有权不良贷款如何解决?2. 从法律政治的角度看,债权人担保导致的拍卖的法律效力是什么?并提供这些问题的答案。所使用的方法是一种规范性法律研究(理论),数据使用二手数据,以初级,二级和三级法律材料的形式。综上所述,在解决不良信用时,有一种方法可以与cessie一起使用,即代表第三方转让对无形货物应收账款的权利,通过代表真实契约或私人契约出售应收账款来实现。而在对受让人提供法律保护时,可以使用复古的方式。复古的方式是受让人对未被受让人支付应收款项的受让人起诉受让人,要求受让人退还款项的一种方式。
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引用次数: 0
TRANSFER OF RIGHTS TO COLLECT (CESSIE) AND LEGAL CONSEQUENCES ON DEBITOR COLLATERAL ITEMS IN RESOLVING NON-PERFORMING CREDIT (Case study on Pekanbaru District Court Decision No. 129/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Pbr) 债权催收权的转让与债务人抵押物在解决不良信贷中的法律后果(以北干巴鲁地方法院第129/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Pbr号判决为例)
Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v2i1.93
Hamler Hamler, Yulia Mirwati Yulia Mirwati, Yulfasni Yulfasni, Zefrizal Nurdin Zefrizal Nurdin
Banks can deal with negative credit by purchasing, selling, and transferring the rights to receivables (cessie). According to the District Court's ruling in case No. 129/Pdt.G/2016/ PN.Pbr, the lawsuit was filed by a cessionary who had acquired receivables from the troubled PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk. The Receivables Sale Purchase Agreement and Transfer of Cessie are the two (two) Notarial Deeds that include the terms of the transfer of receivables. According to the ruling, the Pekanbaru District Court approved the transfer of Land Ownership Certificates that had been pledged as security for the debtor (cessionaris). The problem is stated as follows: 1. Can the sale and purchase of receivables and the transfer of claim rights (cessie) give buyers of cessie legal certainty? 2. What are the legal ramifications of the debtor's assurance in light of Pekanbaru District Court Decision Number 129/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Pbr? and the purpose of this study is to comprehend the problem's genesis and offer solutions. The research method used in this study is known as normative legal research (doctrinaire), and it entails research on legal principles, legal aspects, and law as it is conceptualized as norms or rules that apply in society. It also includes an analysis of both written and unwritten legal rules that exist and develop in society, and it makes use of secondary data derived from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. It is clear from this study that the sale and purchase of receivables and the transfer of cessie do not terminate the credit agreement between the cedent and cessus; rather, it is a transfer and delivery of receivables from the cedent to the cessionaris, and the transfer of cessus collateral must be based on a ruling made through litigation at the local District Court. And in this case, the transfer of Cessie and the sale and purchase of receivables are legal and do not violate the terms of the agreement. The judges' panel also believes that since the Cessus guarantee is not secured by a mortgage, the Cessus collateral object may be used to repay the debt by reclaiming the cessionaris name. Neither of these situations violates the rights to the bedding described in Article 1154 of the Civil Code.
银行可以通过购买、出售和转让应收账款的权利来处理负信用。根据地区法院对第129/Pdt号案件的裁决。G / 2016 / PN。顺便提一下,这起诉讼是由一名从陷入困境的PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk获得应收账款的特许人提起的。《应收账款买卖协议》和《Cessie转让协议》是包含应收账款转让条款的两份公证契据。根据判决书,北干巴鲁地方法院批准了作为债务人(承让人)担保的土地所有权证书的转让。问题说明如下:1。应收款项的买卖和债权的转让(cessie)能否给买方提供法律上的确定性?2. 根据北干巴鲁地方法院第129/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Pbr号判决,债务人保证的法律后果是什么?本研究的目的是了解问题的根源并提供解决方案。本研究中使用的研究方法被称为规范法律研究(doctrinaire),它需要对法律原则、法律方面和法律进行研究,因为它被概念化为适用于社会的规范或规则。它还包括对社会中存在和发展的成文和不成文法律规则的分析,并利用从初级,二级和三级法律材料中获得的次要数据。从本研究中可以清楚地看出,应收账款的出售和购买以及继承权的转让并不终止受让人与继承权之间的信用协议;相反,它是应收款项从受让人转移到受让人的一种转移和交付,而受让人抵押物的转移必须以当地地方法院通过诉讼作出的裁决为基础。在这种情况下,Cessie的转让和应收账款的买卖是合法的,不违反协议条款。法官小组还认为,由于Cessus担保没有抵押担保,Cessus抵押品可以通过收回承让人的名义来偿还债务。上述两种情形均不违反《民法典》第1154条规定的对床上用品的权利。
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引用次数: 0
THE URGENCY OF JURISPRUDENCE IN ACTUALIZATION ISLAMIC LAW 法理学在实现伊斯兰教法中的紧迫性
Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v1i3.86
Juswandi
Human life that continues to develop in accordance with its human nature, makes many new cases appear without any legal provisions in both the Quran and hadith. The evolving dynamics of society are not in line with the static legal text. Based on these conditions, it is necessary to re-actualize Islamic law. Another problem that comes to the fore is that to re-actualize there must still be a mechanism or formula in finding the new law. The rules of jurisprudence apparently provide concrete solutions to the need for a method or method of finding the law (istinbath al-ahkam). With the rules of jurisprudence, it is hoped that contemporary problems can be found as an application to the reactualization of Islamic law.
人类的生活按照其人性继续发展,使得许多新的案件出现,古兰经和圣训都没有任何法律规定。社会的动态变化并不符合静态的法律文本。基于这些条件,有必要重新实现伊斯兰教法。另一个突出的问题是,要重新实现,仍必须有一种机制或公式来寻找新的法律。法律学的规则显然为需要一种或多种寻找法律的方法(istinbath al-ahkam)提供了具体解决办法。借助法理学的规则,希望能在伊斯兰教法的再实现中找到当代问题。
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引用次数: 0
IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE 201 PARAGRAPH (11) OF THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA NUMBER 6 OF 2020 (STUDY OF PENJABAT MAYOR OF PEKANBARU) 印度尼西亚共和国2020年第6号法律第201条第(11)款的执行情况(对北干巴鲁市penjabat市长的研究)
Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v1i3.76
Afrinaldy Rustam, Sabarno Dwirianto
This research wasbased on the occurrence of a public pegantian penjabat event in Kota Pekanbaru Riau Province. The change was made for a period of two years to fill the vacancy in the position of Mayor of Pekanbaru. This type of research is normative legal research. The data collection method used in this study is by conducting a literature study related to the object of this study. Data analysis in this study was carried out systematically based on research problems that were described qualitatively.  The results in this study show that the change of Mayor of Pekanbaru must be in accordance with the established legal umbrella. Whoever the person is, the acting Mayor of Pekanbaru must put the interests of the general public first. Then, the public official fulfills the rank and position and must be proposed by the governor as a higher official. The results obtained turned out that the acting Mayor of Pekanbaru was the choice of the Ministry of Home Affairs based on the results of the proposal of the confidant of the Minister of Home Affairs who came from a social organization. It is unfortunate because it will be questioned about the credibility, professionalism, and accessibility of the sworn officials. Therefore, the acting Mayor of Pekanbaru is inseparable from political interests where these political interests are inseparable from the fight between the elite in the capital of Riau Province and the elite in the National Capital, Jakarta.
本研究是基于在廖内省哥打北干巴鲁发生的一起公共pegantian penjabat事件。这一变动为期两年,以填补北干巴鲁市长的空缺。这种类型的研究就是规范性法律研究。本研究使用的数据收集方法是通过对与本研究对象相关的文献进行研究。本研究的数据分析是在定性描述研究问题的基础上系统进行的。研究结果表明,北干巴鲁市长的变更必须符合既定的法律保护伞。不管这个人是谁,北干巴鲁代市长必须把公众的利益放在第一位。然后,公职人员履行级别和职位,必须由总督推荐为更高的官员。结果表明,北干巴鲁市代理市长是内政部根据来自社会组织的内务部长亲信的建议结果选择的。这是不幸的,因为这将质疑宣誓官员的可信度、专业性和可及性。因此,北干巴鲁的代市长离不开政治利益,而这些政治利益又离不开廖内省首府精英与国家首都雅加达精英之间的斗争。
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引用次数: 0
RIGHTS OF BANKRUPT DEBTORS IN THE MANAGEMENT AND SETTLEMENT PROCESS IN ACCORDANCE WITH LAW NUMBER 37 OF 2004 CONCERNING BANKRUPTCY AND PKPU 破产人在破产管理和清算过程中的权利,根据2004年关于破产和pkpu的第37号法律
Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v1i3.78
Muhammad Nurrohim, Zetria Erma
The debtor's rights in the process of settling bankruptcy assets are very weak, where the debtor will lose his rights to control and manage his assets which are included in bankruptcy assets as stipulated in Article 24 Paragraph (1) of the Bankruptcy Law. However, in the event that the debtor is declared bankrupt, the law gives the debtor the right to submit a reconciliation plan, submit a postponement of debt payment obligations and submit an appeal and review, all of which are efforts to protect the rights of the debtor. In the process of settling bankruptcy assets, the legal protection for debtors' rights is quite weak. Because since the pronouncement of the bankruptcy declaration decision by the court, the debtor will lose the right to manage his assets which are included as bankruptcy assets. As a result, the debtor is no longer able to legally act on his assets that are included in the bankruptcy estate, in this case the management of bankruptcy assets becomes the authority of the curator and/or BHP.
债务人在破产资产处理过程中的权利十分薄弱,对破产法第二十四条第一款规定的属于破产资产的资产,债务人将丧失对其资产的控制和管理权。但是,在债务人被宣告破产的情况下,法律赋予债务人提出和解计划、提出延期偿还债务义务、提出上诉和复审的权利,这些都是保护债务人权利的努力。在破产资产清算过程中,对债务人权利的法律保护相当薄弱。因为自法院宣布破产宣告决定之日起,债务人将失去对其列入破产资产的资产的管理权。因此,债务人不再能够对其破产遗产中的资产采取法律行动,在这种情况下,破产资产的管理权变成了管理人和/或必和必拓的权力。
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引用次数: 0
POLITICAL STUDIES OF REGIONAL AUTONOMY LAW IN TERMS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE POLITICAL PROMISES OF THE LEADER ELECTED IN RIAU PROVINCE 区域自治法在廖内省当选领导人政治承诺实施方面的政治研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v1i3.74
Afrinaldy Rustam, Sabarno Dwirianto
The promise of polithic became a very important indicator for influencing voters. This study seeks to describe and analyze the political policies of the implementation and performance of the Governor of  Riau, Syamsuar, after becoming the regional head of Riau Province. The purpose of this study was to analyze the political relevance of Syamsuar to political  promises  in Riau Province during his reign. This type of research is normative legal research. The data collection method used in this study is by conducting a literature study related to the object of this study. Data analysis in this study was carried out systematically based on research problems that were described qualitatively.  The main theories used in this study are Public Policy and Power. The results of this study show that the political promises  of Syamsuar have been implemented as a whole.  However, there are some political promises that have not been realized according to people's expectations, especially in the field of infrastructure because  they are developing slowly. This is due to the lack of development budgets and the problem of inefficiency in bureaucratic performance.  
政治承诺成为影响选民的一个非常重要的指标。本研究旨在描述和分析在成为廖内省的区域首长后,廖内省省长的执行和绩效的政治政策。本研究的目的是分析在他统治期间,在廖内省的政治承诺的政治相关性。这种类型的研究就是规范性法律研究。本研究使用的数据收集方法是通过对与本研究对象相关的文献进行研究。本研究的数据分析是在定性描述研究问题的基础上系统进行的。本研究使用的主要理论是公共政策和权力。本研究的结果表明,缅甸的政治承诺整体上得到了落实。然而,也有一些政治承诺没有按照人们的期望实现,特别是在基础设施领域,因为它们发展缓慢。这是由于缺乏发展预算和官僚作风效率低下的问题。
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引用次数: 0
UNDERLYING INTERESTS OF ENACTMENT REGIONAL AUTONOMY 实行区域自治的根本利益
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v1i2.42
Wismar Harianto
The process of implementing regional autonomy involves various institutions such as the Regional Government, the Central Government, the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia, the Regional Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia, and the Regional Autonomy Advisory Council. If in the process of implementing regional autonomy, it is known that the Region or several Regions are unable to organize Regional Autonomy, then a Regional Merger is carried out based on the agreement of the region concerned or the results of an evaluation from the Central Government.
实施区域自治的过程涉及到各种机构,如地区政府、中央政府、印度尼西亚共和国众议院、印度尼西亚共和国区域代表委员会和区域自治咨询委员会。在实行区域自治的过程中,如果知道本地区或几个地区无法组织区域自治,则根据有关地区的同意或中央政府的评估结果进行区域合并。
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引用次数: 0
THE INFLUENCE OF GLOBALIZATION ON LAND OWNERSHIP IN INDONESIA IN TERMS OF PERSPECTIVE SOCIOLOGY OF LAW 全球化对印尼土地所有权的影响:法律社会学视角
Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v1i2.41
Hamler Hamler
The influence of globalization on land ownership in Indonesia, viewed from the perspective of legal sociology, is the difficulty for people to obtain land ownership in urban areas. This is not due to bureaucracy but rather the influence of urban and preeconomic progress in the city center so that the land for residential houses is getting narrower (exhausted) and left out. The challenge ahead for the Indonesian nation in terms of legal sociology in responding to the influence of globalization, especially economic globalization on land ownership is not to make land a business commodity because it is supported by easy land ownership registration services so that land with clear legal status becomes easy to trade and get economic benefits even though these benefits are only temporary.  
全球化对印度尼西亚土地所有权的影响,从法律社会学的角度来看,是人们在城市地区难以获得土地所有权。这不是由于官僚主义,而是由于城市和城市中心前经济发展的影响,因此用于住宅的土地越来越窄(耗尽)并被遗漏。在应对全球化,特别是经济全球化对土地所有权的影响方面,印尼民族在法律社会学方面面临的挑战是,不要把土地变成一种商业商品,因为它有简单的土地所有权登记服务支持,使具有明确法律地位的土地易于交易,并获得经济利益,即使这些利益只是暂时的。
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引用次数: 0
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PENA LAW: International Journal of Law
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