This paper presents a comparison between parametric and non-parametric approaches of abrupt changes detection in noisy signals. The goal is to propose an alternative way to be used when the model-based methods do not work very well because of an unsuitable model structure or a non strictly stationnary stepwise signal. In this latter case, an analysis of time-frequency distributions allows the detection of abrupt spectral changes without any hypothesis and provides some results as good as parametric methods for the studied type of signals.
{"title":"Detection of abrupt changes: A time-frequency approach","authors":"H. Laurent, C. Doncarli, P. Poignet","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.35977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.35977","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comparison between parametric and non-parametric approaches of abrupt changes detection in noisy signals. The goal is to propose an alternative way to be used when the model-based methods do not work very well because of an unsuitable model structure or a non strictly stationnary stepwise signal. In this latter case, an analysis of time-frequency distributions allows the detection of abrupt spectral changes without any hypothesis and provides some results as good as parametric methods for the studied type of signals.","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130110044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents some new ways of deriving multichannel (M-C) adaptive algorithms in the context of M-C acoustic echo cancellation (AEC).
本文提出了在多通道回声抵消(AEC)背景下推导多通道(M-C)自适应算法的新方法。
{"title":"Multi-channel adaptive filtering applied to multi-channel acoustic echo cancellation","authors":"J. Benesty, P. Duhamel, Y. Grenier","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.36426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.36426","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents some new ways of deriving multichannel (M-C) adaptive algorithms in the context of M-C acoustic echo cancellation (AEC).","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125491737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we present an off-line multi-input/multi-output version of the Steiglitz-McBride method, as well as an analytic description of the set of its stationary points. As in the scalar case [13], the description is given in terms of first- and second-order interpolation constraints, respectively, on the model impulse response and covariance sequences. The constraints are related to the theory of g-Markov covariance equivalent realizations and generalize the work of Inouye [7] and King et al. [9].
{"title":"A multivariable Steiglitz-McBride method","authors":"M. Ashari, M. Mboup, P. Regalia","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.36063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.36063","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present an off-line multi-input/multi-output version of the Steiglitz-McBride method, as well as an analytic description of the set of its stationary points. As in the scalar case [13], the description is given in terms of first- and second-order interpolation constraints, respectively, on the model impulse response and covariance sequences. The constraints are related to the theory of g-Markov covariance equivalent realizations and generalize the work of Inouye [7] and King et al. [9].","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"245 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114189770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Video services require specific constraints regarding the delay variation or jitter experienced when they are transmitted in packet networks such as ATM. This delay component is mainly generated in multiplexing processes and it has a direct impact on the final QoS. In this paper the jitter issue is addressed in the environment of a video server connected to an ATM Network. Both CBR and VBR MPEG-2 streams are considered as traffic sources. For each video source its delay variation is studied using first order and second order statistics such as jitter variance and GCRA, respectively. We study several traffic scenarios, where correlation between video sources is considered. Finally the obtained results are compared with the M+D/D/l model.
{"title":"Cell delay variation performance of CBR and VBR MPEG-2 sources in an atm multiplexer","authors":"Javier Zamora, D. Anastassiou, Kand Ly","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.36451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.36451","url":null,"abstract":"Video services require specific constraints regarding the delay variation or jitter experienced when they are transmitted in packet networks such as ATM. This delay component is mainly generated in multiplexing processes and it has a direct impact on the final QoS. In this paper the jitter issue is addressed in the environment of a video server connected to an ATM Network. Both CBR and VBR MPEG-2 streams are considered as traffic sources. For each video source its delay variation is studied using first order and second order statistics such as jitter variance and GCRA, respectively. We study several traffic scenarios, where correlation between video sources is considered. Finally the obtained results are compared with the M+D/D/l model.","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131117187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Some of the major problems in objective quality assessment of speech coding systems or in testing other adaptive speech transmission systems are the speaker dependence, reproducibility, and the comparability of the measurement results, if natural speech is used as the test signal. This problem can be avoided by using suitable speech-model processes. In this paper, we present a wide-band speech-model process, which includes the same long- and short-time characteristics as natural speech. The controlling part of the generator of this process involves several trained Markov chains (mc) to adapt the time-varying properties of the process to those of natural speech. Furthermore, special care is taken of the necessary probabilty density function (PDF) asymmetries, because the natural wide-band speech has an asymmetric PDF.
{"title":"A wide-band speech-model process as a test signal","authors":"M. R. Serafat, U. Heute","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.36362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.36362","url":null,"abstract":"Some of the major problems in objective quality assessment of speech coding systems or in testing other adaptive speech transmission systems are the speaker dependence, reproducibility, and the comparability of the measurement results, if natural speech is used as the test signal. This problem can be avoided by using suitable speech-model processes. In this paper, we present a wide-band speech-model process, which includes the same long- and short-time characteristics as natural speech. The controlling part of the generator of this process involves several trained Markov chains (mc) to adapt the time-varying properties of the process to those of natural speech. Furthermore, special care is taken of the necessary probabilty density function (PDF) asymmetries, because the natural wide-band speech has an asymmetric PDF.","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131405284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper a general purpose fuzzy expert system is presented for low level image segmentation. By means of approximate reasoning based on fuzzy logic, the criticality of the choice of the several thresholds and parameters which usually must be tuned to make the expert system work properly is reduced. More specifically, it is proved that, by keeping constant the number of rules the expert system consists of, the fuzzy approach permits to build a more general system, capable of giving satisfactory results for a large number of images stemming from different applications. The validity of the approach is demonstrated by comparing the effectiveness of a classical expert system with that of its corresponding fuzzy version. Upon analysis of the results, the superiority of the fuzzy system in terms of robustness and generality comes out.
{"title":"A fuzzy expert system for low level image segmentation","authors":"M. Barni, S. Rossi, A. Mecocci","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.36431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.36431","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a general purpose fuzzy expert system is presented for low level image segmentation. By means of approximate reasoning based on fuzzy logic, the criticality of the choice of the several thresholds and parameters which usually must be tuned to make the expert system work properly is reduced. More specifically, it is proved that, by keeping constant the number of rules the expert system consists of, the fuzzy approach permits to build a more general system, capable of giving satisfactory results for a large number of images stemming from different applications. The validity of the approach is demonstrated by comparing the effectiveness of a classical expert system with that of its corresponding fuzzy version. Upon analysis of the results, the superiority of the fuzzy system in terms of robustness and generality comes out.","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133613251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we compare the capabilities of various forms of radial basis function networks as nonlinear short-term predictors for speech signals representing sustained utterances of German vowels. We use RBF and RBF-AR1 network architectures, trained using a standard algorithm or alternatively the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm, and linear least squares predictors. We also look at cascaded forms of linear/nonlinear predictors. We evaluate both prediction gain and spectral flatness measure of the residual. The results indicate: The RBF-AR structure is the most powerful, EKF training yields better results than standard training for RBF networks, and a non-cascaded RBF-AR predictor produces results superior to cascaded predictors.
{"title":"Nonlinear prediction of speech signals using radial basis function networks","authors":"M. Birgmeier","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.36355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.36355","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we compare the capabilities of various forms of radial basis function networks as nonlinear short-term predictors for speech signals representing sustained utterances of German vowels. We use RBF and RBF-AR1 network architectures, trained using a standard algorithm or alternatively the extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm, and linear least squares predictors. We also look at cascaded forms of linear/nonlinear predictors. We evaluate both prediction gain and spectral flatness measure of the residual. The results indicate: The RBF-AR structure is the most powerful, EKF training yields better results than standard training for RBF networks, and a non-cascaded RBF-AR predictor produces results superior to cascaded predictors.","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"26 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115673841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper we investigate the performance of B-Spline filter banks for low bit rate image coding. The influence of certain characteristics of the analysis and synthesis of FIR filters are studied. These include the B-Spline polynomial order, the effects of coefficient truncation, coding quantisation and the distortion introduced by the filters themselves. Due to the high concentration of energy in the low frequency band, these biorthogonal filter banks have better capabilities to reconstruct signals from the lower frequency band than their counterparts. As a result a very low bit rate video codec can be designed by coarse quantisation of the higher bands.
{"title":"Biorthogonal B-Spline filter banks for low bit rate video coding","authors":"S. Faria, M. Ghanbari","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.36437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.36437","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we investigate the performance of B-Spline filter banks for low bit rate image coding. The influence of certain characteristics of the analysis and synthesis of FIR filters are studied. These include the B-Spline polynomial order, the effects of coefficient truncation, coding quantisation and the distortion introduced by the filters themselves. Due to the high concentration of energy in the low frequency band, these biorthogonal filter banks have better capabilities to reconstruct signals from the lower frequency band than their counterparts. As a result a very low bit rate video codec can be designed by coarse quantisation of the higher bands.","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125841527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ERMES is a new European paging standard. The data transmission speed is higher than in older systems, e. g. POCSAG, and advanced new features are implemented including intelligent battery saving operation and country roaming. The higher speed is achieved using the more elaborate modulation method 4-PAM/FM which makes the demodulator implementation much harder than in older 2-FSK based paging systems. The objective of this paper is to propose a novel ERMES signal demodulator structure utilising a complex digital phase-locked loop which is implemented using the CORDIC algorithm. Phase-locked loop demodulators have inherently better performance than the normally used discriminator type detectors. Implementation of those phase-locked loop structures using the CORDIC algorithm makes VLSI realizations very feasible.
{"title":"Implementation of a European paging system receiver using CORDIC algorithm","authors":"J. Vuori, J. Skyttä","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.36061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.36061","url":null,"abstract":"ERMES is a new European paging standard. The data transmission speed is higher than in older systems, e. g. POCSAG, and advanced new features are implemented including intelligent battery saving operation and country roaming. The higher speed is achieved using the more elaborate modulation method 4-PAM/FM which makes the demodulator implementation much harder than in older 2-FSK based paging systems. The objective of this paper is to propose a novel ERMES signal demodulator structure utilising a complex digital phase-locked loop which is implemented using the CORDIC algorithm. Phase-locked loop demodulators have inherently better performance than the normally used discriminator type detectors. Implementation of those phase-locked loop structures using the CORDIC algorithm makes VLSI realizations very feasible.","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133580492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research work presented in this paper explores new alternatives for lossless image compression where the entropy coding is applied to the wavelet transform coefficients rather than pixels. The advantage of using wavelet transform prior to entropy coding is that the statistical properties of the resulting coefficients can be analysed and exploited before the model is established for arithmetic coding. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm achieves competitive performances to that of JPEG.
{"title":"Lossless image compression with wavelet transform","authors":"Jianmin Jiang","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.36028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.36028","url":null,"abstract":"The research work presented in this paper explores new alternatives for lossless image compression where the entropy coding is applied to the wavelet transform coefficients rather than pixels. The advantage of using wavelet transform prior to entropy coding is that the statistical properties of the resulting coefficients can be analysed and exploited before the model is established for arithmetic coding. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm achieves competitive performances to that of JPEG.","PeriodicalId":282153,"journal":{"name":"1996 8th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO 1996)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133436789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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