Provenance determinations of sediment deposited in circum–Gulf of Mexico basins rely on understanding the geologic elements present in the basement provinces located from northeast Mexico to Honduras. Relevant geologic features of these provinces are herein summarized in text and pictorial form, and they include the Huizachal-Peregrina uplift, western Gulf of Mexico, Huayacocotla, Zapoteco, Mixteca, Xolapa, Juchatengo, Cuicateco, Mixtequita, south-central Chiapas, southeast Chiapas, western Guatemala, central Guatemala, Maya Mountains, and the Chortis block. We recognized basement elements of local character that serve as fingerprints for specific source areas. However, many elements are ubiquitous, such as 1.4–0.9 Ga, high-grade metamorphic rocks that occur both as broad exposures and as inliers in otherwise reworked crust. Xenocrystic and detrital zircon of Mesoproterozoic age is very common and hence not diagnostic of provenance. Neoproterozoic rocks are very scarce in Mexican basement provinces. However, Ediacaran–Cambrian detrital zircon grains are found in Mexican Paleozoic strata; these were possibly derived from distant sources in Gondwana and Pangea. Ordovician–Silurian magmatism is present in approximately half the provinces; magmatic detrital zircon of such age is somewhat informative in terms of provenance. More useful populations are detrital zircon grains with Ordovician–Silurian metamorphic overgrowth, which seem to be mainly sourced from the Mixteca region or the southern Chiapas Massif. Devonian basement has only been discovered in the Maya Mountains of Belize, and detrital zir-on of such age seems to be characteristic of that source. A similar case can be made about Carboniferous zircon and the Acatlán Complex, Middle Pennsylvanian zircon and Juchatengo plutons, and Late Triassic zircon and the basement exposed in central Guatemala. In all these cases, the age and geographic extent of the zircon source are restricted and serve as a distinct fingerprint. Plutons of Permian–Early Triassic age are widespread, and detrital zircon grains from them are rather nonspecific indicators of source area. Future dating of detrital white mica using 40Ar-39Ar could help in recognizing Carboniferous–Triassic schist from more restricted schist occurrences such as west Cuicateco (Early Cretaceous) and central Guatemala (Late Cretaceous).
{"title":"Mexico: Basement framework and pre-Cretaceous stratigraphy","authors":"U. Martens, Roberto S. Molina Garza","doi":"10.1130/2021.2546(01)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2021.2546(01)","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Provenance determinations of sediment deposited in circum–Gulf of Mexico basins rely on understanding the geologic elements present in the basement provinces located from northeast Mexico to Honduras. Relevant geologic features of these provinces are herein summarized in text and pictorial form, and they include the Huizachal-Peregrina uplift, western Gulf of Mexico, Huayacocotla, Zapoteco, Mixteca, Xolapa, Juchatengo, Cuicateco, Mixtequita, south-central Chiapas, southeast Chiapas, western Guatemala, central Guatemala, Maya Mountains, and the Chortis block. We recognized basement elements of local character that serve as fingerprints for specific source areas. However, many elements are ubiquitous, such as 1.4–0.9 Ga, high-grade metamorphic rocks that occur both as broad exposures and as inliers in otherwise reworked crust. Xenocrystic and detrital zircon of Mesoproterozoic age is very common and hence not diagnostic of provenance. Neoproterozoic rocks are very scarce in Mexican basement provinces. However, Ediacaran–Cambrian detrital zircon grains are found in Mexican Paleozoic strata; these were possibly derived from distant sources in Gondwana and Pangea. Ordovician–Silurian magmatism is present in approximately half the provinces; magmatic detrital zircon of such age is somewhat informative in terms of provenance. More useful populations are detrital zircon grains with Ordovician–Silurian metamorphic overgrowth, which seem to be mainly sourced from the Mixteca region or the southern Chiapas Massif. Devonian basement has only been discovered in the Maya Mountains of Belize, and detrital zir-on of such age seems to be characteristic of that source. A similar case can be made about Carboniferous zircon and the Acatlán Complex, Middle Pennsylvanian zircon and Juchatengo plutons, and Late Triassic zircon and the basement exposed in central Guatemala. In all these cases, the age and geographic extent of the zircon source are restricted and serve as a distinct fingerprint. Plutons of Permian–Early Triassic age are widespread, and detrital zircon grains from them are rather nonspecific indicators of source area. Future dating of detrital white mica using 40Ar-39Ar could help in recognizing Carboniferous–Triassic schist from more restricted schist occurrences such as west Cuicateco (Early Cretaceous) and central Guatemala (Late Cretaceous).","PeriodicalId":284990,"journal":{"name":"Southern and Central Mexico: Basement Framework, Tectonic Evolution, and Provenance of Mesozoic–Cenozoic Basins","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132638601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work presents new geochronological and mineralogical data to investigate the provenance of sediments accumulated in deep-water environments in the southern and southwestern regions of the Gulf of Mexico during the Cenozoic. We integrated U-Pb geochronology with heavy and light minerals data to better understand the provenance of the Paleocene–Miocene strata and the evolution of the sediment source terranes. The analyzed samples came from drill cuttings of sandy levels in five exploration wells offshore in the Gulf of Mexico: Puskon-1, Aktum-1, Kunah-1, Kabilil-1, and Chuktah-201. The material contained abundant barite, a component of the drilling mud. Consequently, a semiquantitative approach to discriminate mineral phases and to quantify concentrations was used. Overall, we recognized 10 zircon populations that range from Proterozoic to Cenozoic ages. Proterozoic ages show a prominent peak at ca. 1.0 Ga and a minor peak at ca. 1.8 Ga. The Neoproterozoic to Cambrian population displays a broad distribution with a peak at ca. 600 Ma. Ordovician–Silurian zircons exhibit minor peaks at ca. 460 and 445 Ma. Devonian and Carboniferous zircons are very scarce in our data set. Permian–Triassic zircons are abundant, and they show a prominent peak at ca. 255 Ma and a minor one at ca. 228 Ma. Jurassic zircons are not common and display several minor peaks at ca. 185, 170, and 155 Ma. The Early Cretaceous population displays a noticeable peak at ca. 120 Ma. Late Cretaceous–Paleocene zircons exhibit several peaks at ca. 92, 82, 72, and 65 Ma. Cenozoic zircons also display several prominent peaks at ca. 40, 35, 25, and 18 Ma. Zircons of Proterozoic to Early Cretaceous ages are interpreted to be derived from the Mesozoic sedimentary cover of basement blocks in southern and eastern Mexico terranes due to their rounded to subrounded morphology. Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic zircons are the most abundant populations in the analyzed samples. These zircon populations exhibit euhedral and subhedral morphology indicating derivation from primary sources in the magmatic arcs. This has important implications in assessing the reservoir quality, since the sediments were directly delivered from the magmatic arc into the deep-water environments. Our results allow us to conclude that the sedimentary provenance of the southwestern and southern strata in the Gulf of Mexico was not associated with Laurentian terranes, as has been proposed for Late Cretaceous–Paleogene strata of northern Mexico and the northern Gulf of Mexico, such as the world-class Wilcox-type hydrocarbon reservoirs. We propose that the provenance of the analyzed strata was related to the tectono-magmatic evolution of the southern Mexico terranes during the Cenozoic; therefore, large NW-SE dispersal systems that eroded Laurentian terranes in the southern United States did not deliver sediments into the southern sectors of the Gulf of Mexico, probably constrained by the Tamaulipas Arch and the Gulf Stream.
{"title":"Siliciclastic provenance of the Cenozoic stratigraphic succession in the southern Gulf of Mexico: Insights from U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology and heavy minerals analysis","authors":"A. Beltrán‐Triviño, U. Martens, A. von Quadt","doi":"10.1130/2021.2546(09)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2021.2546(09)","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This work presents new geochronological and mineralogical data to investigate the provenance of sediments accumulated in deep-water environments in the southern and southwestern regions of the Gulf of Mexico during the Cenozoic. We integrated U-Pb geochronology with heavy and light minerals data to better understand the provenance of the Paleocene–Miocene strata and the evolution of the sediment source terranes. The analyzed samples came from drill cuttings of sandy levels in five exploration wells offshore in the Gulf of Mexico: Puskon-1, Aktum-1, Kunah-1, Kabilil-1, and Chuktah-201. The material contained abundant barite, a component of the drilling mud. Consequently, a semiquantitative approach to discriminate mineral phases and to quantify concentrations was used. Overall, we recognized 10 zircon populations that range from Proterozoic to Cenozoic ages. Proterozoic ages show a prominent peak at ca. 1.0 Ga and a minor peak at ca. 1.8 Ga. The Neoproterozoic to Cambrian population displays a broad distribution with a peak at ca. 600 Ma. Ordovician–Silurian zircons exhibit minor peaks at ca. 460 and 445 Ma. Devonian and Carboniferous zircons are very scarce in our data set. Permian–Triassic zircons are abundant, and they show a prominent peak at ca. 255 Ma and a minor one at ca. 228 Ma. Jurassic zircons are not common and display several minor peaks at ca. 185, 170, and 155 Ma. The Early Cretaceous population displays a noticeable peak at ca. 120 Ma. Late Cretaceous–Paleocene zircons exhibit several peaks at ca. 92, 82, 72, and 65 Ma. Cenozoic zircons also display several prominent peaks at ca. 40, 35, 25, and 18 Ma. Zircons of Proterozoic to Early Cretaceous ages are interpreted to be derived from the Mesozoic sedimentary cover of basement blocks in southern and eastern Mexico terranes due to their rounded to subrounded morphology. Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic zircons are the most abundant populations in the analyzed samples. These zircon populations exhibit euhedral and subhedral morphology indicating derivation from primary sources in the magmatic arcs. This has important implications in assessing the reservoir quality, since the sediments were directly delivered from the magmatic arc into the deep-water environments. Our results allow us to conclude that the sedimentary provenance of the southwestern and southern strata in the Gulf of Mexico was not associated with Laurentian terranes, as has been proposed for Late Cretaceous–Paleogene strata of northern Mexico and the northern Gulf of Mexico, such as the world-class Wilcox-type hydrocarbon reservoirs. We propose that the provenance of the analyzed strata was related to the tectono-magmatic evolution of the southern Mexico terranes during the Cenozoic; therefore, large NW-SE dispersal systems that eroded Laurentian terranes in the southern United States did not deliver sediments into the southern sectors of the Gulf of Mexico, probably constrained by the Tamaulipas Arch and the Gulf Stream.","PeriodicalId":284990,"journal":{"name":"Southern and Central Mexico: Basement Framework, Tectonic Evolution, and Provenance of Mesozoic–Cenozoic Basins","volume":"1 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120989309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tracing the evolution of the Cretaceous shelf margin of the southwestern Gulf of Mexico reveals a relatively stable area in northeastern Chiapas, Mexico, northern Guatemala and Belize, and the Yucatán Peninsula, where carbonate and evaporite platform conditions prevailed from the Aptian until at least the Paleocene. The area was flanked by zones of greater subsidence, where platform thickness reached several thousand meters and where foredeep depocenters were established due to collision of the Great Antilles arc with the passive margin of North America. Foredeep deposition initiated as early as the Maastrichtian in central Guatemala and in the Paleocene in Chiapas and south Petén, Guatemala. Northwestern Chiapas was characterized by a relatively deep basin and by southward retreat of the shelf break from the Albian to Maastrichtian. The retreat can be traced by the occurrence of periplatform slope facies. During the Santonian–early Campanian lowstand, the periplatform slope is thought to have become a bay, herein called the Chiapanecan embayment. Slope conditions reached the Tuxtla area (western Chiapas) in the Campanian, ultimately connecting Paleocene foreland basins with the Gulf of Mexico basin. Whereas the foredeep in Guatemala and Belize (Sepur and Toledo formations) was constrained by a backstop produced by the southernmost stable Yucatán platform (Lacandón Formation), the Tuxtla basin (Soyaló and Nanchital formations) was connected to the Gulf of Mexico, potentially allowing Paleocene bypass of sediment sourced in the colliding Great Antilles arc.
{"title":"Late Cretaceous–Paleocene transition from calcareous platform to basinal deposition in western Chiapas, Mexico: Opening of the Chiapanecan embayment","authors":"U. Martens, M. Sierra-Rojas","doi":"10.1130/2021.2546(07)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2021.2546(07)","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Tracing the evolution of the Cretaceous shelf margin of the southwestern Gulf of Mexico reveals a relatively stable area in northeastern Chiapas, Mexico, northern Guatemala and Belize, and the Yucatán Peninsula, where carbonate and evaporite platform conditions prevailed from the Aptian until at least the Paleocene. The area was flanked by zones of greater subsidence, where platform thickness reached several thousand meters and where foredeep depocenters were established due to collision of the Great Antilles arc with the passive margin of North America. Foredeep deposition initiated as early as the Maastrichtian in central Guatemala and in the Paleocene in Chiapas and south Petén, Guatemala. Northwestern Chiapas was characterized by a relatively deep basin and by southward retreat of the shelf break from the Albian to Maastrichtian. The retreat can be traced by the occurrence of periplatform slope facies. During the Santonian–early Campanian lowstand, the periplatform slope is thought to have become a bay, herein called the Chiapanecan embayment. Slope conditions reached the Tuxtla area (western Chiapas) in the Campanian, ultimately connecting Paleocene foreland basins with the Gulf of Mexico basin. Whereas the foredeep in Guatemala and Belize (Sepur and Toledo formations) was constrained by a backstop produced by the southernmost stable Yucatán platform (Lacandón Formation), the Tuxtla basin (Soyaló and Nanchital formations) was connected to the Gulf of Mexico, potentially allowing Paleocene bypass of sediment sourced in the colliding Great Antilles arc.","PeriodicalId":284990,"journal":{"name":"Southern and Central Mexico: Basement Framework, Tectonic Evolution, and Provenance of Mesozoic–Cenozoic Basins","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132315135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-31DOI: 10.1130/spe.s.12749519.v1
T. Lawton, E. al.
Three-sample data set, Table S1: Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of Todos Santos Formation, and Plate 1
三样数据集，表S1: Todos Santos组碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学和板块1
{"title":"Stratigraphic correlation chart of Carboniferous–Paleogene rocks of Mexico, adjacent southwestern United States, Central America, and Colombia","authors":"T. Lawton, E. al.","doi":"10.1130/spe.s.12749519.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/spe.s.12749519.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Three-sample data set, Table S1: Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of Todos Santos Formation, and Plate 1","PeriodicalId":284990,"journal":{"name":"Southern and Central Mexico: Basement Framework, Tectonic Evolution, and Provenance of Mesozoic–Cenozoic Basins","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123413205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metamorphic evolution of Proterozoic ultramafic rocks from the Oaxacan Complex (Oaxaca State, southern Mexico): Tectonic implications","authors":"Laura Culí, J. Solé, F. Ortega-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1130/spe.s.12627908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/spe.s.12627908","url":null,"abstract":"Composition of rocks organized by samples","PeriodicalId":284990,"journal":{"name":"Southern and Central Mexico: Basement Framework, Tectonic Evolution, and Provenance of Mesozoic–Cenozoic Basins","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115388688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-12DOI: 10.1130/spe.s.12476108.v1
Deisy Guerrero-Paz, Fanis Abdullin, B. Ortega-Flores, L. Solari, C. Ortega-Obregón, Edgar Juárez-Arriaga
Detailed apatite fission-track results
详细的磷灰石裂变径迹结果
{"title":"Late Cretaceous to Eocene denudation history of the Tolimán area, southern Sierra Madre Oriental, central Mexico","authors":"Deisy Guerrero-Paz, Fanis Abdullin, B. Ortega-Flores, L. Solari, C. Ortega-Obregón, Edgar Juárez-Arriaga","doi":"10.1130/spe.s.12476108.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/spe.s.12476108.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Detailed apatite fission-track results","PeriodicalId":284990,"journal":{"name":"Southern and Central Mexico: Basement Framework, Tectonic Evolution, and Provenance of Mesozoic–Cenozoic Basins","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117260370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Henry Coombs, A. Kerr, J. Pindell, D. Buchs, B. Weber, L. Solari
Geochronology appendix
地质年代学附录
{"title":"Petrogenesis of the crystalline basement along the western Gulf of Mexico: Postcollisional magmatism during the formation of Pangea","authors":"Henry Coombs, A. Kerr, J. Pindell, D. Buchs, B. Weber, L. Solari","doi":"10.1130/2020.2546(02)","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1130/2020.2546(02)","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Geochronology appendix</div>","PeriodicalId":284990,"journal":{"name":"Southern and Central Mexico: Basement Framework, Tectonic Evolution, and Provenance of Mesozoic–Cenozoic Basins","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131096429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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