Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312942
Hongyuan Shi, Dov Kruger
Monitoring underwater environments is critical for future near-shore exploration and port security. The effectiveness of underwater acoustic sensor systems is affected by the water environment, as sharp gradients in salinity and temperature cause sound to refract and reflect. Sound transmission can be impaired in estuaries where the salinity of the water is highly variable in space, and tidal action causes water conditions to change as a function of time. We study the behavior of estuarine water conditions and characterize the acoustic sensing range in an estuary using environmental data extracted from the forecast model of the Hudson River. We analyzed the shape of sound speed profiles and performed statistical analysis of the distribution of highly stratified water. Sound propagation is computed using a beam tracing model. The variation of sensing range is evaluated and correlated to the level of water stratification.
{"title":"Acoustic sensor coverage variation due to water stratification in estuaries","authors":"Hongyuan Shi, Dov Kruger","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312942","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring underwater environments is critical for future near-shore exploration and port security. The effectiveness of underwater acoustic sensor systems is affected by the water environment, as sharp gradients in salinity and temperature cause sound to refract and reflect. Sound transmission can be impaired in estuaries where the salinity of the water is highly variable in space, and tidal action causes water conditions to change as a function of time. We study the behavior of estuarine water conditions and characterize the acoustic sensing range in an estuary using environmental data extracted from the forecast model of the Hudson River. We analyzed the shape of sound speed profiles and performed statistical analysis of the distribution of highly stratified water. Sound propagation is computed using a beam tracing model. The variation of sensing range is evaluated and correlated to the level of water stratification.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116934498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312865
C. L. Tan, C. Chen, J. Hwang, B. Ooi
Semiconductor broadband light sources are greatly in demand for highly-sensitive sensing, spectroscopy, optical telecommunications, eye-safe low-speckle sources for flash lidar and high resolution bio-imaging particularly optical coherence tomography (OCT). In this paper, we report on the observation of broadband lasing action from the InAs/InAlGaAs quantum dash (Qdash) structure. This novel device exhibits lasing action with emission wavelength coverage over 60nm at the center wavelength around ∼1.60 µm. By applying the quantum-dash intermixing (QDI) technique to the same material structure, we have successfully tuned the center lasing wavelength of the Qdash broadband laser to 1.54 µm and broadened its emission coverage over 80 nm, making it an attractive source for many novel applications in optical communications. The intrinsic response of Qdash lasers under optical modulation has been studied.
{"title":"InP-based quantum dash broadband emitters","authors":"C. L. Tan, C. Chen, J. Hwang, B. Ooi","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312865","url":null,"abstract":"Semiconductor broadband light sources are greatly in demand for highly-sensitive sensing, spectroscopy, optical telecommunications, eye-safe low-speckle sources for flash lidar and high resolution bio-imaging particularly optical coherence tomography (OCT). In this paper, we report on the observation of broadband lasing action from the InAs/InAlGaAs quantum dash (Qdash) structure. This novel device exhibits lasing action with emission wavelength coverage over 60nm at the center wavelength around ∼1.60 µm. By applying the quantum-dash intermixing (QDI) technique to the same material structure, we have successfully tuned the center lasing wavelength of the Qdash broadband laser to 1.54 µm and broadened its emission coverage over 80 nm, making it an attractive source for many novel applications in optical communications. The intrinsic response of Qdash lasers under optical modulation has been studied.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116018203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312787
Di Zheng, Yu-dong Yao
Convergecast is a communication structure for wireless sensor networks (WSN) in which data flow from multiple nodes into one node. We use a two-tier slotted Aloha model to analyze the throughput and average packet delay of a convergecast mode based on slotted Aloha. In our model each node has a buffer and we use Equilibrium Point Analysis (EPA) approach to study the model. Rayleigh fading is assumed in the analysis.
{"title":"Throughput and delay analysis of two-tier slotted Aloha","authors":"Di Zheng, Yu-dong Yao","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312787","url":null,"abstract":"Convergecast is a communication structure for wireless sensor networks (WSN) in which data flow from multiple nodes into one node. We use a two-tier slotted Aloha model to analyze the throughput and average packet delay of a convergecast mode based on slotted Aloha. In our model each node has a buffer and we use Equilibrium Point Analysis (EPA) approach to study the model. Rayleigh fading is assumed in the analysis.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131341446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312792
Xiang Zhou, Jianjun Yu
In this paper we review several digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms recently proposed (or introduced) for coherent optical communication system. There include the digital equalization algorithms for chromatic dispersion (CD) compensation, polarization recovery, and polarization mode dispersion compensation (PMD), and DSP algorithms for carrier frequency offset estimation and carrier phase recovery. A novel distortion mitigation algorithm developed for coherent receiver using single-ended photodetection will also be discussed.
{"title":"Digital signal processing for coherent optical communication","authors":"Xiang Zhou, Jianjun Yu","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312792","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we review several digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms recently proposed (or introduced) for coherent optical communication system. There include the digital equalization algorithms for chromatic dispersion (CD) compensation, polarization recovery, and polarization mode dispersion compensation (PMD), and DSP algorithms for carrier frequency offset estimation and carrier phase recovery. A novel distortion mitigation algorithm developed for coherent receiver using single-ended photodetection will also be discussed.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133922905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312790
M. Iqbal, Xinheng Wang, David Wertheim, Xu Zhou
In this paper, we present our design and implementation of Load-Balanced Gateway Discovery Routing Protocol called LBGD-AODV. A gateway node in a wireless mesh network acts as bridge between mesh routers and external network in order to provide services such as broadband. We observed in our SwanMesh testbed that a single gateway can only serve up to a limited number of hops due to noticeable throughput drop at each hop. LBGD-AODV solves the problem by supporting multiple gateways. Our proposed LBGD-AODV advertises a new gateway to the network by broadcasting a periodic gateway hello control message after every GATEWAY_HELLO_INTERVAL milliseconds. When a gateway hello message travels through the network it helps all mesh nodes on the network to learn more information about the network topology. This information includes hop count to each gateway on the network, load on each gateway and local load on each mesh router. Mesh routers use this information to select an appropriate gateway with an appropriate route to communicate to the external network. Thus apart from the gateway discovery LBGD-AODV performs load balancing using the single process. Test results performed using SwanMesh shows that apart from the multiple gateway environment, load balancing support also increased throughput performance between mesh routers and gateways to external networks.
{"title":"Load balanced multiple gateway support in wireless mesh networks for broadband services","authors":"M. Iqbal, Xinheng Wang, David Wertheim, Xu Zhou","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312790","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present our design and implementation of Load-Balanced Gateway Discovery Routing Protocol called LBGD-AODV. A gateway node in a wireless mesh network acts as bridge between mesh routers and external network in order to provide services such as broadband. We observed in our SwanMesh testbed that a single gateway can only serve up to a limited number of hops due to noticeable throughput drop at each hop. LBGD-AODV solves the problem by supporting multiple gateways. Our proposed LBGD-AODV advertises a new gateway to the network by broadcasting a periodic gateway hello control message after every GATEWAY_HELLO_INTERVAL milliseconds. When a gateway hello message travels through the network it helps all mesh nodes on the network to learn more information about the network topology. This information includes hop count to each gateway on the network, load on each gateway and local load on each mesh router. Mesh routers use this information to select an appropriate gateway with an appropriate route to communicate to the external network. Thus apart from the gateway discovery LBGD-AODV performs load balancing using the single process. Test results performed using SwanMesh shows that apart from the multiple gateway environment, load balancing support also increased throughput performance between mesh routers and gateways to external networks.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124829757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312904
Jinlin Chen, S. Shankar, Angela M. Kelly, S. Gningue, Rathika Rajaravivarma
An adaptive bottom up Web news extraction approach based on human perception is presented in this paper. The approach simulates how a human perceives and identifies Web news information by using an adaptive bottom up clustering strategy to detect possible news areas. It first detects news areas based on content function, space continuity, and formatting continuity of news information. It further identifies detailed news content based on the position, format, and semantic of detected news areas. Experiment results show that our approach achieves much better performance (in average more than 99% in terms of F1 Value) compared to previous approaches such as Tree Edit Distance and Visual Wrapper based approaches. Furthermore, our approach does not assume the existence of Web templates in the tested Web pages as required by Tree Edit Distance based approach, nor does it need training sets as required in Visual Wrapper based approach. The success of our approach demonstrates the strength of the perception based Web information extraction methodology and represents a promising approach for automatic information extraction from sources with presentation design for humans.
{"title":"An adaptive bottom up clustering approach for Web news extraction","authors":"Jinlin Chen, S. Shankar, Angela M. Kelly, S. Gningue, Rathika Rajaravivarma","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312904","url":null,"abstract":"An adaptive bottom up Web news extraction approach based on human perception is presented in this paper. The approach simulates how a human perceives and identifies Web news information by using an adaptive bottom up clustering strategy to detect possible news areas. It first detects news areas based on content function, space continuity, and formatting continuity of news information. It further identifies detailed news content based on the position, format, and semantic of detected news areas. Experiment results show that our approach achieves much better performance (in average more than 99% in terms of F1 Value) compared to previous approaches such as Tree Edit Distance and Visual Wrapper based approaches. Furthermore, our approach does not assume the existence of Web templates in the tested Web pages as required by Tree Edit Distance based approach, nor does it need training sets as required in Visual Wrapper based approach. The success of our approach demonstrates the strength of the perception based Web information extraction methodology and represents a promising approach for automatic information extraction from sources with presentation design for humans.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125055973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312883
Jianjun Yu, Xiang Zhou
In this paper, we will report our latest experimental results. These includes 20×112-Gb/s PDM-RZ-QPSK transmission over 1540-km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF), a record capacity of 17 Tb/s within the C-band optical bandwidth (4.025 THz) over 660km of ultra-low-loss fiber using 161×114-Gbps PDM-RZ-8PSK formats, and hybrid 10×112 Gb/s PDM-RZ-QPSK and 10×44 Gb/s PDM-NRZ-QPSK transmission with 25-GHz channel spacing over 1600 km of SSMF.
{"title":"Ultra-high-capacity DWDM transmission system by multilevel modulations and digital coherent detection","authors":"Jianjun Yu, Xiang Zhou","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312883","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we will report our latest experimental results. These includes 20×112-Gb/s PDM-RZ-QPSK transmission over 1540-km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF), a record capacity of 17 Tb/s within the C-band optical bandwidth (4.025 THz) over 660km of ultra-low-loss fiber using 161×114-Gbps PDM-RZ-8PSK formats, and hybrid 10×112 Gb/s PDM-RZ-QPSK and 10×44 Gb/s PDM-NRZ-QPSK transmission with 25-GHz channel spacing over 1600 km of SSMF.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115116474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312802
M. Baldi, Y. Ofek
The continuous growth of the Internet might turn network power consumption into a major issue. There is a huge potential for decreasing future Internet energy requirements by synchronizing the operation of routers and scheduling traffic in advance, thus reducing complexity — e.g., header processing, buffer size, switching fabric speedup and memory access bandwidth speedup. Moreover, a lower complexity operation enables the realization of dynamic all-optical switching, which further reduces power consumption because (i) optical switching fabrics have lower power consumption than electrical ones (ii) dynamic switching enables a more efficient link utilization than static whole channel switching. Finally, an architecture is proposed for gradually deploying these technological solutions in the Internet while immediately starting to benefit from its power reduction potential and complementing them with energy-aware traffic engineering.
{"title":"Dynamic optical switching for a greener Internet","authors":"M. Baldi, Y. Ofek","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312802","url":null,"abstract":"The continuous growth of the Internet might turn network power consumption into a major issue. There is a huge potential for decreasing future Internet energy requirements by synchronizing the operation of routers and scheduling traffic in advance, thus reducing complexity — e.g., header processing, buffer size, switching fabric speedup and memory access bandwidth speedup. Moreover, a lower complexity operation enables the realization of dynamic all-optical switching, which further reduces power consumption because (i) optical switching fabrics have lower power consumption than electrical ones (ii) dynamic switching enables a more efficient link utilization than static whole channel switching. Finally, an architecture is proposed for gradually deploying these technological solutions in the Internet while immediately starting to benefit from its power reduction potential and complementing them with energy-aware traffic engineering.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121788933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312789
Zhuo Yang, Yu-dong Yao, Di Zheng
Slotted Aloha is an effective random access protocol and can also be an important element of more advanced media access protocols. This paper investigates slotted Aloha in a cognitive radio environment where one access point provides services for both primary users and secondary users. Considering packet capture effects in a rayleigh fading channel, we present the mathematic derivations of system throughput and average delay for primary users and secondary users. In order to minimize the interference from secondary users to primary users, higher transmission power levels are assumed for primary users.
{"title":"Slotted Aloha in a cognitive radio environment with capture effects","authors":"Zhuo Yang, Yu-dong Yao, Di Zheng","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312789","url":null,"abstract":"Slotted Aloha is an effective random access protocol and can also be an important element of more advanced media access protocols. This paper investigates slotted Aloha in a cognitive radio environment where one access point provides services for both primary users and secondary users. Considering packet capture effects in a rayleigh fading channel, we present the mathematic derivations of system throughput and average delay for primary users and secondary users. In order to minimize the interference from secondary users to primary users, higher transmission power levels are assumed for primary users.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123039521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-01DOI: 10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312825
Lei Xu, Ting Wang, Wei Wei, D. Qian, P. Ji, Junqiang Hu
Optical fiber-based access networks are being deployed to address the increasing demand for bandwidth and help to support multiple services. As for the future optical access networks, different technologies have been proposed and under investigations, including WDM-based passive optical networks (WDM-PON), optical coding division multiplexing —based PON (OCDM-PON), and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing —based PON (OFDM-PON). Compared with other PON technologies, OFDM-PON shows some very promising features, e.g. dynamic bandwidth allocation, network privacy and support of multiple services. Here we will show the principles, and experimental testings of an OFDM-PON and further talk about virtual PON scheme using OFDM technologies.
{"title":"Advanced broadband optical access networks","authors":"Lei Xu, Ting Wang, Wei Wei, D. Qian, P. Ji, Junqiang Hu","doi":"10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WOCC.2009.5312825","url":null,"abstract":"Optical fiber-based access networks are being deployed to address the increasing demand for bandwidth and help to support multiple services. As for the future optical access networks, different technologies have been proposed and under investigations, including WDM-based passive optical networks (WDM-PON), optical coding division multiplexing —based PON (OCDM-PON), and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing —based PON (OFDM-PON). Compared with other PON technologies, OFDM-PON shows some very promising features, e.g. dynamic bandwidth allocation, network privacy and support of multiple services. Here we will show the principles, and experimental testings of an OFDM-PON and further talk about virtual PON scheme using OFDM technologies.","PeriodicalId":288004,"journal":{"name":"2009 18th Annual Wireless and Optical Communications Conference","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131284425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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